Form S-1/A
Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 5, 2013

Registration No. 333-188536

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Amendment No. 6

to

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Frank’s International N.V.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

The Netherlands   1389   98-1107145

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

Prins Bernhardplein 200

1097 JB Amsterdam, The Netherlands

+31 (0)20 52 14 777

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Brian D. Baird

Vice President and Chief Legal Officer

Prins Bernhardplein 200

1097 JB Amsterdam, The Netherlands

+31 (0)20 52 14 777

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Douglas E. McWilliams

Jeffery K. Malonson

Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.

1001 Fannin, Suite 2500

Houston, Texas 77002-6760

(713) 758-2222

 

Sean T. Wheeler

Latham & Watkins LLP

811 Main Street, Suite 3700

Houston, Texas 77002

(713) 546-5400

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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Index to Financial Statements

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, dated August 5, 2013

PROSPECTUS

 

 

30,000,000 Shares

 

LOGO

Frank’s International N.V.

Common Stock

 

 

This is the initial public offering of Frank’s International N.V. We are offering 30,000,000 shares of our common stock. No public market currently exists for our common stock.

Our common stock has been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “FI.”

We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $19.00 and $21.00 per share.

Investing in our common stock involves risks. Please read “Risk Factors” beginning on page 17.

 

     Per share      Total  

Price to the public

   $                    $                

Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)

   $         $     

Proceeds to us, before expenses

   $         $     

 

(1) Please read “Underwriting” for a description of all underwriting compensation payable in connection with this offering.

We have granted the underwriters the option to purchase additional 4,500,000 shares of common stock on the same terms and conditions set forth above if the underwriters sell more than 30,000,000 shares of common stock in this offering.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares on or about                 , 2013.

 

 

 

Barclays

  Credit Suisse  

Simmons & Company

              International

 

 

 

Citigroup

  Morgan Stanley   Goldman, Sachs & Co.   UBS Investment Bank

 

 

 

Capital One Southcoast

 

Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.

  Global Hunter Securities

Johnson Rice & Company L.L.C.

  FBR   Scotiabank / Howard Weil

Prospectus dated                     , 2013


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Index to Financial Statements

LOGO


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Index to Financial Statements

Table of Contents

 

     Page  

Prospectus Summary

     1   

Risk Factors

     17   

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     38   

Organizational Structure

     39   

Use of Proceeds

     43   

Dividend Policy

     43   

Capitalization

     44   

Dilution

     45   

Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data

     46   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     50   

Business

     71   

Management

     94   

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

     100   

Executive Compensation

     112   

Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

     120   

Principal Stockholders

     127   

Description of Capital Stock

     129   

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

     136   

Material Netherlands Income and Estate Tax Considerations

     137   

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

     143   

Underwriting

     148   

Legal Matters

     156   

Experts

     156   

Where You Can Find More Information

     157   

Index to Financial Statements

     F-1   

Glossary

     A-1   

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf or to which we have referred you. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus. We are offering to sell shares of common stock and seeking offers to buy shares of common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the common stock.

Until                 , 2013, all dealers that buy, sell or trade our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This requirement is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

Industry and Market Data

A portion of the market data and certain other statistical information used throughout this prospectus is based on independent industry publications, government publications or other published independent sources. Some data is also based on our good faith estimates and our management’s understanding of industry conditions. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding our market, industry or similar data presented herein, such data involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the headings “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary provides a brief overview of information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. Because it is abbreviated, this summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read the entire prospectus carefully before making an investment decision, including the information presented in “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the historical combined and pro forma financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated, information presented in this prospectus assumes that the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is not exercised. We have provided definitions for certain industry terms used in this prospectus in the Glossary beginning on page A-1 of this prospectus.

In this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Frank’s International” and the “Company” when used in a historical context refer to the combined businesses of Frank’s International N.V. (“FINV”), Frank’s International, Inc. (“FII”), Frank’s Casing Crew and Rental Tools, Inc. (“FCC”), Frank’s Tong Service, Inc. (“FTS”) and their wholly owned subsidiaries, prior to the transactions being entered into in connection with this offering as described in “Organizational Structure.” When used in the present tense, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Frank’s International” and the “Company” refer to FINV and its consolidated subsidiaries, following the reorganization and transactions described in “Organizational Structure.”

Frank’s International

Overview

We are a 75 year-old, industry-leading global provider of highly engineered tubular services to the oil and gas industry. We provide our services to leading exploration and production companies in both offshore and onshore environments, with a focus on complex and technically demanding wells. We believe that we are one of the largest global providers of tubular services to the oil and gas industry.

Tubular services involve the handling and installation of multiple joints of pipe to establish a cased wellbore and the installation of smaller diameter pipe inside a cased wellbore to provide a conduit for produced oil and gas to reach the surface. The casing of a wellbore isolates the wellbore from the surrounding geologic formations and water table, provides well structure and pressure integrity, and allows well operators to target specific zones for production. Given the central role that our services play in the structural integrity, reliability and safety of a well, and the importance of efficient tubular services to managing the overall cost of a well, we believe that our role is vital to the overall process of producing oil and gas. For more information regarding tubular services, see “Business—Industry—Tubular Services.”

Our specially trained employees provide our services using a suite of highly technical, purpose-built equipment, much of which we design and manufacture for our proprietary use. Most of our manufactured equipment and products use patented, advanced technologies that enable us to service complex wells, increase efficiency, enhance well integrity and improve safety. We currently have 104 U.S. patents and 136 related international patents and 37 U.S. patent applications pending and 111 related international patent applications pending for equipment that our engineers have developed.

Recent developments in well construction and completion requirements have resulted in increased technical demands associated with tubular services. For onshore wells, these developments include long horizontal laterals

 

 

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and deviated well bores that seek to maximize the wells’ exposure to hydrocarbon-bearing geologic formations. In the offshore environment, these developments include increasing water and well depths, which require lengthier and heavier strings, as well as tubular handling equipment capable of accommodating a more complex array of equipment and hydraulic control lines that are deployed inside the well. We believe that we are a market leader in the development of equipment and services that facilitate and accommodate recent developments in well construction and completion requirements, and this is reflected in our extensive suite of patent-protected, innovative products and equipment. We continuously work with our customers to develop new products, improve efficiency and safety and solve complex well construction and completion problems.

In addition to our tubular handling equipment, we also design and manufacture certain products that we sell or rent directly to external customers, including large outside diameter (“OD”) pipe connectors and casing attachments. We also provide specialized fabrication and welding services in support of deep water projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, including drilling and production risers, flowlines and pipeline end terminations, as well as long length tubulars (up to 300 feet in length) for use as caissons or pilings. Finally, we distribute large OD pipe manufactured by third parties, and generally maintain an inventory of this pipe in order to support our pipe sales and distribution operations.

Spears & Associates, Inc. (“Spears”) estimates that the global market for tubular services (excluding product sales) was approximately $3.3 billion in annual revenues in 2012 and will grow to $3.8 billion in 2013. Spears projects that this market will grow at an annual rate of approximately 11% between 2012 and 2015. There are a limited number of companies that provide these services on a global basis. We serve our customers through a network of over 90 sales and support offices in approximately 60 countries. Our customer base includes major international oil companies, such as Anadarko, BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, Shell, Total and Murphy Oil Corporation, and national oil companies, such as PDVSA, Statoil and Saudi Aramco, as well as numerous independent oil and gas producers.

We believe we differentiate ourselves from our competitors on the basis of the quality and reliability of our service, our proprietary technology, and our ability to perform in the most demanding environments, including deep water and ultra-deep water projects. Our expertise stems from years of experience, a focus on technical innovation and our highly trained and dedicated workforce. Representative examples of the trusted, critical services we have been selected to provide to our customers include:

 

   

In March 2013, we successfully completed the casing installation for the Chevron Northwood well in the Green Canyon Block 945 area of the Gulf of Mexico, to a total depth of 31,866 feet in a water depth of 6,000 feet, which is the deepest oil and gas well of which we are aware.

 

   

In August 2012, we broke our own record for greatest hook load recorded at approximately 1,140 tons while lifting 24,500 feet of combined casing and landing string for Shell’s Stones 4 well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.

 

   

In June 2010, we successfully provided all tubular services for the relief well drilled by BP to contain the Macondo well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.

 

   

In 2006, we were selected to provide tubular installation services on the BP Shah Deniz project in offshore Azerbaijan, which is an ongoing multiple well project. We believe we were selected for the project due to our highly regarded technical capabilities, including our proprietary Fluid Grip Power Tong gripping technology combined with our Collar Load Support tubular handling system. These proprietary technologies are critical for this project due to their ability to provide “zero marking” handling of the specialized corrosion resistant alloy (“CRA”) completion tubulars required in wells with high hydrogen sulfide content. CRA services have also been increasingly common in other corrosive high-pressure, high-temperature applications, both onshore and offshore.

 

 

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We have a long history of strong revenue growth. Our revenue grew by 43% to $1,055.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 compared to $739.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, and Adjusted EBITDA grew by 79% to $446.6 million from $249.5 million over the same period. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 45% of our revenue was generated outside North America, and 69% was generated from products and services provided offshore. For an explanation of how we calculate Adjusted EBITDA, see “—Summary Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Competitive Strengths

We believe that we are well positioned to execute our strategy based on the following competitive strengths:

 

   

Global market leader. We are a leading provider of tubular services in many of the regions in which we operate, including the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and almost every significant international offshore market, almost all of the major U.S. onshore resource basins and in targeted active international onshore regions. Moreover, we believe that we are one of only a few tubular service companies with true global capabilities. According to Spears, we have the number one or number two market share in each of the U.S. and international markets, both onshore and offshore. We currently provide our services in approximately 60 countries on six continents. Our customers include most of the world’s largest integrated oil companies and many of the largest national oil companies. We have no significant customer or geographic concentration. Our global presence allows us to quickly expand to additional regions that experience increases in drilling and production activity.

 

   

Focused service provider with highly differentiated engineering capabilities. We have an in-house engineering team responsible for developing new products that add value to our service capabilities and expand our portfolio of products and services. Our engineers typically work closely with our field personnel and customers in order to identify specific equipment needs related to the services we provide. We believe that we are a market leader in the development of equipment and services that facilitate and accommodate recent developments in well construction and completion requirements, and this is reflected in our extensive suite of patent-protected, innovative products and equipment. We believe that our engineering expertise and our service and product line focus give us a competitive advantage in quickly designing and manufacturing custom solutions in response to our customers’ unique requirements and applications. We have received a number of customer and industry awards recognizing the achievements of our engineering group and our custom designed solutions.

 

   

Favorable reputation developed over eight decades. We believe our customers select Frank’s International because of our reputation for safety, reliability, quality service and proprietary technology. While generally a small portion of the overall well cost, properly performed tubular services are critical to protecting the producer’s investment in the well, as well as its safe operation during production. The economic stakes are especially high for deep water wells, where day rates for offshore drilling rigs and other associated services can approach $1 million per day, and a producer’s investment in a single offshore well can exceed $80 million. The difference between efficiently executed tubular services and less efficiently executed services can save producers days or even weeks, which can translate directly into significant and measurable savings. The producer’s environmental, safety and regulatory risks associated with operating offshore are also heightened. In connection with their customer feedback-based survey, EnergyPoint Research has ranked Frank’s International first in customer satisfaction in one or more oilfield service or product categories every year since 2004, the first year in which the survey was conducted. Our reputation for safety is further demonstrated by our ability to meet and exceed the stringent safety requirements of our customers, some of which have been Frank’s International customers for over 40 years.

 

 

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Strong position in favorable deep water offshore markets. We believe Frank’s International will continue to benefit from the continued development of oil and gas resources located offshore. As a result of the long development lead times associated with deep water projects, they are generally less likely to be cancelled or delayed due to volatility in commodity or financial markets. Also, due to their technical complexity and often remote locations, offshore projects typically provide us with a greater opportunity to differentiate our capabilities from those of our competitors. According to Spears, offshore development spending will increase at an annual rate of approximately 12% between 2011 and 2018. Approximately 67% of our services revenue from external customers in 2012 was generated from offshore services, and our global market share in offshore services was approximately 29% in 2012, according to Spears. Moreover, the significant majority of our offshore services revenue in 2012 was from deep water markets. We believe the economic opportunity for deep water services will continue to be favorable given the technical challenges associated with constructing and completing wells offshore, and the risk of potential negative economic consequences to our customers if tubular services are poorly performed.

 

   

Attractive financial results reflect value of our differentiated and critical services. For the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, our Adjusted EBITDA margin was approximately 42% and 43%, respectively, which we believe reflects the economic value to our customers of our differentiated and critical services and the benefits of a diversified, global customer base. Because our business is not capital intensive, we generate significant free cash flow. Consequently, we intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.075 per share. As of March 31, 2013, after giving effect to this offering, we expect to have approximately $241.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $7.9 million of outstanding indebtedness.

 

   

Significant experience selectively acquiring and integrating companies. We have a long history of evaluating and acquiring companies that expand or complement our geographic footprint and product and service offerings. Since 1982, we have successfully acquired and integrated more than 50 private companies. We believe that being a public company will enhance our acquisition strategy and allow us to target larger acquisition candidates.

 

   

Experienced management team with proven track record. Our executive officers and senior operational managers have extensive experience at Frank’s International and in the oilfield service industry generally. Our executive officers and senior operational managers have an average of 25 years of experience in the oilfield services industry with us. Our chief executive officer, Keith Mosing, is a third generation owner and manager who successfully led our expansion into international operations. The Mosing family will continue to own the majority equity interest in us following the completion of this offering, which we believe aligns their interests with the interests of our public investors.

Business Strategy

Our objective is to maximize shareholder value by expanding our leading global oilfield services company and continuing to supply high-quality services and products to our customers. We intend to accomplish that objective by capitalizing on the key long-term industry growth trends through the execution of the following strategies:

 

   

Continue to focus on customer service. We have a long track record of being responsive to our customers’ unique requirements. We believe that focusing on our customers’ needs and continuing to provide industry-leading technological and safety innovations will enable us to expand our customer base and increase our revenues.

 

   

Sustain our track record of technical innovation. Our team of over 70 in-house engineers and engineering technicians works to develop new products and technologies and provides operational support. We currently have 104 U.S. patents and 136 related international patents and 37 U.S. patent applications pending and 111 related international patent applications pending for equipment that our

 

 

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engineers have developed. In addition, we currently have more than 50 new technologies and product improvements under development. We have developed strong working relationships with oil and gas producers throughout the world, many of which have approached us with requests for solutions to specific well construction and completion challenges. To address these needs, we continue to invest in new product engineering capabilities. In addition to our own efforts to continuously enhance our equipment and procedures, we expect to continue to develop innovative products and solutions driven by our customers’ needs.

 

   

Pursue disciplined growth organically and through acquisitions. We intend to selectively pursue acquisitions that complement our geographic footprint and product and service offerings, with a focus on businesses that would benefit from our global presence and international sales capabilities. We intend to continue to grow organically by leveraging our customer base, investing in additional equipment and geographically expanding our existing global facilities in order to continue to grow our cash flows and satisfy incremental customer demand.

 

   

Maintain and expand our worldwide presence. We are committed to being on the ground in strategic markets to provide services on a global basis. We intend to build upon our existing presence in Africa, the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, North America, the North Sea and South America through deployment of sales, distribution, and service resources. We believe this organic expansion will provide more points of contact with our customers, allowing us to respond more quickly to their needs.

Segments

We conduct our business through three operating segments:

 

   

International Services. We currently provide our services in approximately 60 countries on six continents. Our customers in these international markets are primarily large exploration and production companies, including integrated oil and gas companies and national oil and gas companies, with a significant focus on complex, high profile projects. Our International Services segment accounted for approximately 49% and 50%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013. Approximately 82% and 83%, respectively, of our revenue from external customers in this segment was generated in offshore markets in 2012 and the first three months of 2013, the significant majority of which was from deep water markets.

 

   

U.S. Services. Approximately 51% and 63%, respectively, of our 2012 and first quarter 2013 U.S. Services segment revenue from external customers was generated in the technically challenging deep water areas of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, we have a significant presence in almost all of the active onshore oil and gas drilling regions in the U.S., including the Permian Basin, Bakken Shale, Barnett Shale, Eagle Ford Shale, Haynesville Shale, Marcellus Shale and Utica Shale. Our U.S. Services segment accounted for approximately 45% and 42%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

 

   

Pipe and Products. We also design and manufacture certain products that we sell or rent directly to external customers, including large OD pipe connectors and casing attachments. We also provide specialized fabrication and welding services in support of deep water projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, including drilling and production risers, flowlines and pipeline end terminations, as well as long length tubulars (up to 300 feet in length) for use as caissons or pilings. Finally, we distribute large OD pipe manufactured by third parties. A significant majority of our sales to external customers occur in deep water markets. Our Pipe and Products segment accounted for approximately 6% and 8%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

 

 

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Trends in the Industry

We believe that the following trends will positively affect the oilfield services industry, and consequently the demand for tubular installation services, in the coming years.

 

   

Increasing global demand for crude oil and natural gas has spurred increases in energy development spending. The crude oil and natural gas industry benefits from increased consumption of hydrocarbons, caused in part by the industrialization of China, India and other developing countries. Spears estimates that annual global spending on drilling and development activities increased from $236 billion in 2009 to $326 billion in 2012, and is projected to increase to $482 billion in 2018, representing a compound annual growth rate of approximately 8% from 2009 to 2018.

 

   

Significant new well development is required to replace naturally declining production. Despite elevated exploration and development activity in recent years, oil supply has only experienced modest gains, highlighting the difficulty in overcoming the natural decline rates of large legacy fields. The International Energy Agency (the “IEA”) estimates that in order to overcome the decline in production from existing fields, and to keep pace with projected demand increases, new production of approximately 40 million barrels of oil per day (an amount equal to nearly 60% of 2011 global oil production) must be added by 2035. A significant number of new wells will be required to make up for declines in production from existing fields and the projected increase in global oil demand.

 

   

Increasing offshore and deep water drilling and development activity. Worldwide offshore rig counts continue to increase as crude oil supply and demand fundamentals encourage new drilling. Moreover, many of these new rigs are bigger and more efficient and designed to drill deeper to previously unrecoverable reserves. According to the IEA, 55% of remaining recoverable conventional oil outside of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) is offshore. According to Spears, offshore spending will increase from $80.1 billion in 2011 to $179.7 billion in 2018, a compound annual growth rate of 12%. Offshore discoveries are expected to play an important role in the future, particularly deep water discoveries at depths greater than 1,000 feet.

 

   

Increasing complexity and costs of well construction. As conventional sources of oil and gas are depleted, the oil and gas industry continues to develop new technologies and techniques that allow operators to develop a wider range of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as oil and gas shales. Certain of these techniques include drilling deeper and horizontal well paths with long lateral lengths and multi-stage completions, often in high temperature and high pressure environments. These types of unconventional drilling generally require additional tubular services compared to conventional drilling, and tubular installation services have become increasingly complex to execute, and have required the development of new techniques and specialized tools.

 

   

Heightened focus on quality, safety and environmental factors. Our customers are increasingly focused on the quality of wellbore construction, operational safety and environmental stewardship, particularly in offshore environments where we routinely operate. The tubular services we provide are critical in achieving these goals. As such, our reputation as a high-quality, trusted service provider positions us well to benefit from this trend.

Recent Developments

Preliminary Second Quarter Financial Results

While we have not finalized our financial statements or results of operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2013, the following preliminary information reflects management’s estimates with respect to such period based on currently available information.

 

 

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In June 2013, we sold a component of our Pipe and Products segment that manufactured centralizers for sales to third parties. That sale is expected to result in a pre-tax gain of approximately $41 million. The attributable operations and the gain will be reported as discontinued operations. Revenues associated with this component were $16.9 million and $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 and three months ended March 31, 2013, respectively.

Based upon our preliminary analysis, we currently expect revenues from continuing operations of between $288.0 million and $298.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013 compared to revenues of $262.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2012. The estimated increase was primarily the result of increased demand for our services and products and an increase in international pipe sales. Based upon our preliminary analysis, we currently expect income from continuing operations of between $99.0 million and $104.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013, compared to income from continuing operations of $89.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2012. Income from continuing operations for the second quarter of 2013 was positively affected by the estimated increase in revenue on comparable cost of revenues and an increase in other income, which is expected to include the receipt of approximately $3 million of underpaid royalty payments.

We are currently in the process of preparing our combined financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2013. These financial statements are not currently available and are not expected to be available and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) until after consummation of this offering. Estimates of financial results and position are inherently uncertain and subject to change, and adjustments may arise and actual results may differ materially from these estimates. The preliminary financial data included in this prospectus has been prepared by, and is the responsibility of, management. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has not audited, reviewed, compiled or performed any procedures with respect to the accompanying preliminary financial data. Accordingly, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP does not express an opinion or any other form of assurance with respect thereto. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these estimates. This information is a summary of estimated financial data and should be read in conjunction with the “Risk Factors,” “Summary Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditional and Results of Operations,” and our unaudited and audited combined financial statements and the accompanying notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

Resignation of Robert R. Gilbert as an Executive Officer

In the course of preparing for this offering, we became aware that Robert R. Gilbert, who served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer—U.S. Services and Pipe and Products, misstated his educational credentials. Specifically, though he completed approximately 30 hours of coursework, Mr. Gilbert did not actually obtain a Masters of Business Administration degree. As a result of this discovery, Mr. Gilbert resigned from his position and has agreed to accept a non-executive role with the company and will no longer serve as an executive officer. Accordingly, our management and compensation disclosures reflect that Mr. Gilbert is no longer one of our executive officers. See “Management,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Executive Compensation.” We do not believe that Mr. Gilbert’s misstatement about his educational credentials has any bearing on the accuracy of our disclosure or the integrity of our operations and management.

Business History

We believe that our long and successful history in the industry is a testament to the quality of the services and the innovative technology that we provide our customers. Frank’s International traces its roots to the founding of FCC by Frank Mosing in 1938. In 1950, Donald E. Mosing joined his father in the business. Later, Donald’s younger brothers, Billy and Larry, joined their father and brother to help manage the growing operations. As an engineering and safety innovator, Donald was a driving force for many years in the development of many of our proprietary tools and processes, and he is named as an inventor on 45 of the

 

 

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U.S. patents that have been issued to us. In 1973, Donald Keith Mosing, Donald E. Mosing’s eldest son, established our third office, in Alvin, Texas. Keith Mosing quickly embarked on the expansion of operations across North America and into South America, Asia, Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Our international operations were formally organized into a separate company in 1981, with Keith Mosing being named Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer. Since the early 1980s, our U.S. and international operations have continued to grow, both organically and through strategic acquisitions. Upon Donald’s retirement in July 2011, Keith Mosing was named Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the U.S. operations. Until this offering, we have been owned solely by members of the Mosing family.

Risk Factors

An investment in our common stock involves a number of risks. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk Factors,” in addition to the other information contained in this prospectus, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our combined financial statements and related notes, before investing in our common stock. These risks could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. You could lose part or all of your investment. You should bear in mind, in reviewing this prospectus, that past experience is no indication of future performance. You should read the section titled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this prospectus.

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements

Organization

The diagram below depicts our simplified organizational structure immediately following the completion of this offering (assuming that the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is not exercised and without giving effect to the grant of restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our officers and employees concurrently with this offering as described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan”):

 

LOGO

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements

Following completion of this offering, FINV, the issuer of common stock in this offering, will act as a holding company whose sole material assets will consist of indirect general and limited partnership interests in Frank’s International C.V. (“FICV”). As the indirect sole shareholder of the general partner of FICV, FINV will be responsible for all operational, management and administrative decisions relating to FICV’s business and will consolidate the financial results of FICV and its subsidiaries.

The articles of association of FINV authorize two classes of stock, common stock and Series A preferred stock. See “Description of Capital Stock.” Only common stock will be sold to investors pursuant to this offering. Shares of our common stock will also be held indirectly by members of the Mosing family through FWW B.V. (“FWW”). Shares of Series A preferred stock will be held by Mosing Holdings, Inc. (“Mosing Holdings”) as described below. Each share of Series A preferred stock will have a liquidation preference equal to its par value of €0.01 per share (or €529,760 in the aggregate) and will be entitled to an annual dividend equal to 0.25% of its par value (or €1,324 per annum in the aggregate). Additionally, each share of Series A preferred stock will entitle its holder to vote together with the common stock as a single class on all matters presented to FINV’s shareholders for their vote. The common stock and the preferred stock are collectively referred to herein as the “FINV Stock.”

FICV is a newly formed limited partnership that was formed to act as a holding company of various U.S. and foreign operating companies engaged in our business. Prior to this offering, our foreign operating companies have been owned directly or indirectly by FINV, and our U.S. operating companies have been owned directly or indirectly by Mosing Holdings, which is owned by members of the Mosing family. In connection with this offering, FINV will contribute all of our foreign operating subsidiaries and a portion of the proceeds from this offering to FICV, and Mosing Holdings will contribute all of our U.S. operating subsidiaries (excluding certain assets that generate a de minimis amount of revenue, including aircraft, real estate and life insurance policies) to FICV. We intend to enter into real estate lease agreements and an aviation services agreement with customary terms for continued use of the real estate and aircraft. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Transactions with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Affiliates.”

In exchange for this contribution (and after giving effect to this offering assuming the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is not exercised),

 

  (i) FINV will (indirectly) hold a 73.7% limited partnership interest and a 0.1% general partnership interest in FICV; and

 

  (ii) Mosing Holdings will hold a 26.2% limited partnership interest in FICV.

In order to give Mosing Holdings a percentage vote in FINV that is equal to the percentage limited partnership interest in FICV that Mosing Holdings will receive in exchange for its contribution to FICV, Mosing Holdings will also receive 52,976,000 shares of Series A preferred stock of FINV in the exchange.

Following the completion of this offering, the Mosing family will own, indirectly through Mosing Holdings and FWW, FINV Stock and FICV limited partnership interests that in the aggregate will represent approximately 85.1% of the economic interests in and voting power of our combined company (or 83.3% if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full).

For purposes of any transfer or exchange of Series A preferred stock and limited partnership interests in FICV, the articles of association of FINV and the partnership agreement of FICV contain provisions linking each share of Series A preferred stock in FINV to a proportionate portion of the limited partnership interest in FICV held by Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferee, which portion at any time will equal the total limited partnership interest in FICV held by Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferee divided by the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock of FINV (each such portion being referred to as an

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements

“FICV Portion”). Shares of Series A preferred stock cannot be transferred unless simultaneously with an equal number of FICV Portions and vice versa.

Mosing Holdings (or any of its permitted transferees) will have the right (the “Conversion Right”) to convert all or a portion of its Series A preferred stock into FINV common stock by delivery to FINV of an equivalent number of FICV Portions. In connection with such conversion, Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees will also be entitled to receive an amount of cash equal to the par value of each share of Series A preferred stock so converted plus any accrued but unpaid dividends thereon.

The above mechanism is subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications.

See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Limited Partnership Agreement of FICV.”

Also in connection with our formation transactions, we will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement with Mosing Holdings. This agreement generally will provide for the payment by FINV of 85% of actual reductions, if any, in payments of U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax (which reductions we refer to as “cash savings”) in periods after this offering as a result of (i) the tax basis increases from the transfer of FICV interests to us in connection with a conversion of shares of Series A preferred stock into shares of our common stock and (ii) imputed interest deemed to be paid by us as a result of, and additional tax basis arising from, any payments we make under the Tax Receivable Agreement. FINV will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these cash savings. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are located at Prins Bernhardplein 200, 1097 JB Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and our telephone number at that address is +31 (0)20 52 14 777. Our primary U.S. offices are located at 10260 Westheimer Rd., Houston, Texas 77042, and our telephone number at that address is (281) 966-7300. Our website is located at www.franksinternational.com. We expect to make our periodic reports and other information filed or furnished to the SEC available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference herein and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements

The Offering

 

Common stock offered by us

   30,000,000 shares (34,500,000 shares if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full).

Over-allotment option

   We have granted the underwriters the option to purchase up to an additional 4,500,000 shares of common stock if the underwriters sell more than 30,000,000 shares of common stock in this offering.

Common stock to be outstanding after the offering

  

149,024,000 shares (153,524,000 shares if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full), without giving effect to the grant of restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our officers and employees concurrently with this offering as described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan.”

Series A preferred stock to be outstanding after the offering

  


52,976,000 shares, all of which will be held by Mosing Holdings. The number of shares of Series A preferred stock held by Mosing Holdings immediately following the completion of this offering will represent a percentage of the total number of shares of FINV Stock equal to the percentage interest Mosing Holdings has in FICV.

Voting power of common stock after giving effect to this offering

  


73.8% (or 100% if all outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock are converted), without giving effect to the grant of restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our officers and employees concurrently with this offering as described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan.”

Voting power of Series A preferred stock after giving effect to this offering

  


26.2% (or none if all outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock are converted), without giving effect to the grant of restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our officers and employees concurrently with this offering as

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements
   described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan.”

Use of proceeds

   We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $562.0 million from the sale of the common stock by us in this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) and after deducting estimated expenses payable by us and underwriting discounts and commissions. Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the public offering price would increase (decrease) our net proceeds by approximately $28.3 million. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to repay in full the outstanding notes payable to FWW, under which there was an aggregate of $443.7 million outstanding as of March 31, 2013. Any remaining net proceeds (including any proceeds attributable to the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock) will be contributed to FICV. FICV will use any such proceeds for general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Dividend policy

   Following the completion of this offering, we intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.075 per share.

Listing and trading symbol

   Our common stock has been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbol “FI.”

Risk factors

   You should carefully read and consider the information beginning on page 17 of this prospectus set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” and all other information set forth in this prospectus before deciding to invest in our common stock.

 

 

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Index to Financial Statements

Summary Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data

The following table shows summary historical combined financial data of Frank’s International as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012. The summary historical combined financial data of Frank’s International as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 has been derived from our audited financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The audited financial data as of December 31, 2010 has been derived from our audited combined financial statements and related notes thereto that are not included in this prospectus. The summary historical combined financial data presented as of March 31, 2013 and for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2013 are derived from the unaudited historical combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Under the combined method of accounting, the historical consolidated financial statements of FINV, FII, FCC and FTS and their wholly owned subsidiaries are combined as if Frank’s International operated as a single entity. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated for purposes of preparing these combined financial statements.

The summary unaudited pro forma financial data presented below has been derived by the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical combined statements of Frank’s International included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary unaudited pro forma financial data for the year ended December 31, 2012 and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2013 give effect to our reorganization in connection with this offering as described in “Organizational Structure” and the use of the estimated net proceeds from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds” as if all such transactions had occurred on January 1, 2012, in the case of the unaudited pro forma condensed statement of income, and on March 31, 2013, in the case of the unaudited pro forma condensed balance sheet.

You should read these tables in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which includes a discussion of factors materially affecting the comparability of the information presented, “Organizational Structure,” “Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data” and our historical and pro forma financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our summary unaudited pro forma financial data is presented for informational purposes only. The pro forma adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that we believe are reasonable. Our summary unaudited pro forma financial data does not purport to represent what our results of operations or financial position would have been if we operated as a public company during the period presented and may not be indicative of our future performance.

 

 

 

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          FINV  
    Frank’s International     Pro Forma  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2013
 
    2010     2011     2012     2012     2013      

Statements of income data (in thousands):

             

Revenues:

             

Equipment rentals and services

  $ 490,902      $ 613,541      $ 880,084      $ 203,755      $ 205,878      $ 878,938      $ 205,643   

Products

    117,306        125,534        175,841        36,773        30,882        175,841        30,882   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenues

    608,208        739,075        1,055,925        240,528        236,760        1,054,779        236,525   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

             

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization

             

Equipment rentals and services

    222,345        256,515        314,950        72,731        75,781        314,950        75,781   

Products

    70,697        76,368        119,527        24,184        18,019        119,527        18,019   

General and administrative expenses

    134,449        160,506        187,033        41,608        44,145        188,409        45,434   

Depreciation and amortization

    48,197        54,581        66,215        15,424        17,783        64,148        17,364   

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

    (164     (47     (2,608     195        23        (2,608     23   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

    132,684        191,152        370,808        86,386        81,009        370,353        79,904   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

             

Other income

    3,906        3,786        12,189        670        2,127        12,189        2,127   

Interest income (expense), net

    (1,658     (655     264        260        (201     1,038        83   

Foreign currency gain (loss)

    (1,930     (3,209     (450     2,626        (3,587     (450     (3,587
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

    318        (78     12,003        3,556        (1,661     12,777        (1,377
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income tax

    133,002        191,074        382,811        89,942        79,348        383,130        78,527   

Income tax expense

    14,601        20,287        31,877        7,687        6,303        89,569        17,834   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

    118,401        170,787        350,934        82,255        73,045        293,561        60,693   

Non-controlling interest

    —          —          —          —          —          (92,059     (18,915
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Frank’s International

    118,401        170,787        350,934        82,255        73,045        201,502        41,778   

Preferred stock dividends

    —          —          —          —          —          (2     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common stockholders

  $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255      $ 73,045      $ 201,500      $ 41,778   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance sheet data (as of period end) (in thousands):

             

Total assets

  $ 710,543      $ 847,500      $ 1,107,961        $ 1,129,318        $ 1,184,022   

Long-term debt—excluding affiliates

    46,579        9,204        7,368          5,858          5,059   

Long-term debt—affiliate(1)

    907        3,618        469,268          448,838          2,881   

Total liabilities(2)

    174,530        180,372        660,973          635,667          189,598   

Total stockholders’ equity

    536,013        667,128        446,988          493,651          994,424   

Other financial data (in thousands):

             

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 163,414      $ 180,710      $ 344,776      $ 78,669      $ 50,664       

Net cash used in investing activities

    (69,130     (126,655     (182,533     (47,541     (42,014    

Net cash used in financing activities

    (79,261     (71,874     (107,210     (14,742     (44,235    

Adjusted EBITDA(3) (unaudited)

    184,623        249,472        446,604        102,675        100,942      $ 444,082      $ 99,418   

 

(1) In 2012, FINV made a non-cash distribution of $484.0 million to its owners in the form of two unsecured promissory notes payable. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, there was an aggregate of approximately $464.0 million and $443.7 million, respectively, outstanding under these notes.
(2) Includes Series A preferred stock.
(3) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measure” below.

 

 

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management and external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before net interest income or expense, depreciation and amortization, income tax benefit or expense, asset impairments, gain or loss on sale of assets, foreign currency gain or loss and other non-cash adjustments. We define Adjusted EBITDA margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenues. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of net income or cash flows as determined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. We exclude the items listed above from net income in arriving at Adjusted EBITDA because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, operating income, net income or cash flows from operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP or as an indicator of our operating performance or liquidity. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing a company’s financial performance, such as a company’s cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of Adjusted EBITDA. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a widely followed measure of operating performance and may also be used by investors to measure our ability to meet debt service requirements.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA to the GAAP financial measure of net income.

 

          FINV  
    Frank’s International     Pro Forma  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
2013
 
    2010     2011     2012     2012     2013      

Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation (in thousands):

             

Net income

  $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255      $ 73,045      $ 293,561      $ 60,693   

Interest (income) expense, net

    1,658        655        (264     (260     201        (1,038     (83

Depreciation and amortization

    48,197        54,581        66,215        15,424        17,783        64,148        17,364   

Income tax expense

    14,601        20,287        31,877        7,687        6,303        89,569        17,834   

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

    (164     (47     (2,608     195        23        (2,608     23   

Foreign currency (gain) loss

    1,930        3,209        450        (2,626     3,587        450        3,587   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 184,623      $ 249,472      $ 446,604      $ 102,675      $ 100,942      $ 444,082      $ 99,418   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

Our business depends on the level of activity in the oil and gas industry, which is significantly affected by volatile oil and gas prices and other factors.

Our business depends on the level of activity in oil and gas exploration, development and production in market sectors worldwide. Oil and gas prices and market expectations of potential changes in these prices significantly affect this level of activity. However, higher commodity prices do not necessarily translate into increased drilling activity, since customers’ expectations of future commodity prices typically drive demand for our services. The availability of quality drilling prospects, exploration success, relative production costs, the stage of reservoir development and political and regulatory environments also affect the demand for our services. Worldwide military, political and economic events have in the past contributed to oil and gas price volatility and are likely to do so in the future. The demand for our services may be affected by numerous factors, including:

 

   

the level of worldwide oil and gas exploration and production;

 

   

the cost of exploring for, producing and delivering oil and gas;

 

   

demand for energy, which is affected by worldwide economic activity and population growth;

 

   

the level of excess production capacity;

 

   

the discovery rate of new oil and gas reserves;

 

   

the ability of OPEC to set and maintain production levels for oil;

 

   

the level of production by non-OPEC countries;

 

   

U.S. and global political and economic uncertainty, socio-political unrest and instability or hostilities;

 

   

demand for, availability of and technological viability of, alternative sources of energy; and

 

   

technological advances affecting energy exploration, production, transportation and consumption.

Demand for our offshore services substantially depends on the level of activity in offshore oil and gas exploration, development and production. The level of offshore activity is historically cyclical and characterized by large fluctuations in response to relatively minor changes in a variety of factors, including oil and gas prices, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A significant amount of our U.S. onshore business is focused on unconventional shale resource plays. The demand for those services is substantially affected by oil and gas prices and market expectations of potential changes in these prices. If commodity prices were to go below a certain threshold for an extended period of time, demand for our services in the U.S. onshore market would be greatly reduced, potentially having a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The oil and gas industry has historically experienced periodic downturns, which have been characterized by reduced demand for oilfield services and downward pressure on the prices we charge. A significant downturn in the oil and gas industry will adversely affect the demand for oilfield services and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Physical dangers are inherent in our operations and may expose us to significant potential losses. Personnel and property may be harmed during the process of drilling for oil and gas.

Drilling for and producing oil and gas, and the associated services that we provide, include inherent dangers that may lead to property damage, personal injury, death or the discharge of hazardous materials into the environment. Many of these events are outside our control. Typically, we provide services at a well site where our personnel and equipment are located together with personnel and equipment of our customers and third parties, such as other service providers. At many sites, we depend on other companies and personnel to conduct drilling operations in accordance with appropriate safety standards. From time to time, personnel are injured or equipment or property is damaged or destroyed as a result of accidents, failed equipment, faulty products or services, failure of safety measures, uncontained formation pressures, or other dangers inherent in drilling for oil and gas. Any of these events can be the result of human error. With increasing frequency, our services are deployed on more challenging prospects, particularly deep water offshore drilling sites, where the occurrence of the types of events mentioned above can have an even more catastrophic impact on people, equipment and the environment. Such events may expose us to significant potential losses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are vulnerable to risks associated with our offshore operations that could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We conduct offshore operations in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and almost every significant international offshore market, including West Africa, Latin America, Europe, the Asia Pacific region and several other producing regions. Our operations and financial results could be significantly impacted by conditions in some of these areas because we are vulnerable to certain unique risks associated with operating offshore, including those relating to:

 

   

hurricanes and other adverse weather conditions;

 

   

terrorist attacks, such as piracy;

 

   

failure of offshore equipment and facilities;

 

   

local and international political and economic conditions and policies and regulations related to offshore drilling;

 

   

unavailability of offshore drilling rigs in the markets that we operate;

 

   

the cost of offshore exploration for, and production and transportation of, oil and gas;

 

   

successful exploration for, and production and transportation of, oil and gas from onshore sources;

 

   

the availability and rate of discovery of new oil and gas reserves in offshore areas; and

 

   

the ability of oil and gas companies to generate or otherwise obtain funds for exploration and production.

While the impact of these factors is difficult to predict, any one or more of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our international operations and revenue expose us to political, economic and other uncertainties inherent to international business.

We have substantial international operations, and we intend to grow those operations further. For the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, international operations accounted for approximately 44% and 47%, respectively, of our revenue. Our international operations are subject to a number of risks inherent in any business operating in foreign countries, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

political, social and economic instability;

 

   

potential expropriation, seizure or nationalization of assets;

 

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deprivation of contract rights;

 

   

increased operating costs;

 

   

inability to collect revenues due to shortages of convertible currency;

 

   

unwillingness of foreign governments to make new onshore and offshore areas available for drilling;

 

   

civil unrest and protests, strikes, acts of terrorism, war or other armed conflict;

 

   

import/export quotas;

 

   

confiscatory taxation or other adverse tax policies;

 

   

continued application of foreign tax treaties;

 

   

currency exchange controls;

 

   

currency exchange rate fluctuations and devaluations;

 

   

restrictions on the repatriation of funds; and

 

   

other forms of government regulation which are beyond our control.

Instability and disruptions in the political, regulatory, economic and social conditions of the foreign countries in which we conduct business, including economically and politically volatile areas such as Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region, could cause or contribute to factors that could have an adverse effect on the demand for the products and services we provide. Worldwide political, economic, and military events have contributed to oil and gas price volatility and are likely to continue to do so in the future. Depending on the market prices of oil and gas, oil and gas exploration and development companies may cancel or curtail their drilling programs, thereby reducing demand for our services.

Additionally, our competitiveness in international market areas may be adversely affected by regulations that promote or incentivize, among other things, the:

 

   

awarding of contracts to local contractors; and

 

   

establishment of foreign subsidiaries with significant ownership positions reserved by the foreign government for local citizens.

While the impact of these factors is difficult to predict, any one or more of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

To compete in our industry, we must continue to develop new technologies and products to support our tubular services, secure and maintain patents related to our current and new technologies and products as well as protect and enforce our intellectual property rights.

The markets for our tubular services are characterized by continual technological developments. While we believe that the proprietary products we have developed provide us with technological advances in providing services to our customers, substantial improvements in the scope and quality of the products in the market we operate may occur over a short period of time. If we are not able to develop commercially competitive products in a timely manner in response, our ability to service our customers’ demands may be adversely affected. Our future ability to develop new products in order to support our services depends on our ability to:

 

   

design and produce products that allow us to meet the needs of our customers; and

 

   

obtain and maintain patent protection.

 

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We may encounter resource constraints, technical barriers, or other difficulties that would delay introduction of new services and related products in the future. Our competitors may introduce new products or obtain patents before we do and achieve a competitive advantage. Additionally, the time and expense invested in product development may not result in commercial applications.

We currently hold multiple U.S. and international patents and have multiple pending patent applications for products and processes. Patent rights give the owner of a patent the right to exclude third parties from making, using, selling, and offering for sale the inventions claimed in the patents in the applicable country. Patent rights do not necessarily grant the owner of a patent the right to practice the invention claimed in a patent, but merely the right to exclude others from practicing the invention claimed in the patent. It may also be possible for a third party to design around our patents. Furthermore, patent rights have strict territorial limits. Some of our work will be conducted in international waters and would, therefore, not fall within the scope of any country’s patent jurisdiction. We may not be able to enforce our patents against infringement occurring in international waters and other “non-covered” territories. Also, we do not have patents in every jurisdiction in which we conduct business and our patent portfolio will not protect all aspects of our business and may relate to obsolete or unusual methods, which would not prevent third parties from entering the same market.

We attempt to limit access to and distribution of our technology by customarily entering into confidentiality agreements with our employees, customers and potential customers and suppliers. However, our rights in our confidential information, trade secrets, and confidential know-how will not prevent third parties from independently developing similar information. Publicly available information (e.g. information in expired issued patents, published patent applications, and scientific literature) can also be used by third parties to independently develop technology. We cannot provide assurance that this independently developed technology will not be equivalent or superior to our proprietary technology.

In addition, we may become involved in legal proceedings from time to time to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights. Third parties from time to time may initiate litigation against us by asserting that the conduct of our business infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates intellectual property rights. We may not prevail in any such legal proceedings related to such claims, and our products and services may be found to infringe, impair, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others. Any legal proceeding concerning intellectual property could be protracted and costly and is inherently unpredictable and could have a material adverse effect on our business, regardless of its outcome. Further, our intellectual property rights may not have the value that management believes them to have and such value may change over time as we and others develop new product designs and improvements.

Our tubular services may be adversely affected by various laws and regulations in countries in which we operate relating to the equipment and operation of drilling units, oil and gas exploration and development, as well as import and export activities.

Governments in some foreign countries have been increasingly active in regulating and controlling the ownership of concessions and companies holding concessions, the exploration for oil and gas and other aspects of the oil and gas industries in their countries, including local content requirements for participating in tenders for certain tubular services. We operate in several of these countries, including Angola, Nigeria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brazil and Canada. Many governments favor or effectively require that contracts be awarded to local contractors or require foreign contractors to employ citizens of, or purchase supplies from, a particular jurisdiction. These practices may result in inefficiencies or put us at a disadvantage when we bid for contracts against local competitors.

In addition, the shipment of goods, services and technology across international borders subjects us to extensive trade laws and regulations. Our import and export activities are governed by unique customs laws and regulations in each of the countries where we operate. Moreover, many countries control the import and export of certain goods, services and technology and impose related import and export recordkeeping and reporting obligations. Governments also may impose economic sanctions against certain countries, persons and other

 

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entities that may restrict or prohibit transactions involving such countries, persons and entities, and we are also subject to the U.S. anti-boycott law. In addition, certain anti-dumping regulations in the foreign countries in which we operate may prohibit us from purchasing pipe from certain suppliers.

The laws and regulations concerning import and export activity, recordkeeping and reporting, import and export control and economic sanctions are complex and constantly changing. These laws and regulations may be enacted, amended, enforced or interpreted in a manner materially impacting our operations. The global economic downturn may increase some foreign governments’ efforts to enact, enforce, amend or interpret laws and regulations as a method to increase revenue. Materials that we import can be delayed and denied for varying reasons, some of which are outside our control and some of which may result from failure to comply with existing legal and regulatory regimes. Shipping delays or denials could cause unscheduled operational downtime. Any failure to comply with these applicable legal and regulatory obligations also could result in criminal and civil penalties and sanctions, such as fines, imprisonment, debarment from government contracts, seizure of shipments and loss of import and export privileges.

We may be exposed to unforeseen risks in our services and product manufacturing, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

We operate a number of manufacturing facilities to support our tubular services. In addition, we also manufacture certain products, including large OD pipe connectors and casing attachments that we sell directly to external customers. The equipment and management systems necessary for such operations may break down, perform poorly or fail, resulting in fluctuations in manufacturing efficiencies. Additionally, some of our U.S. onshore business may be conducted under fixed price or “turnkey” contracts. Under fixed price contracts, we agree to perform a defined scope of work for a fixed price. Prices for these contracts are based largely upon estimates and assumptions relating to project scope and specifications, personnel and material needs.

Fluctuations in our manufacturing process and inaccurate estimates and assumptions used in our projects may occur due to factors out of our control, resulting in cost overruns, which we may be required to absorb and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Such fluctuations or incorrect estimates may affect our ability to deliver services and products to our customers on a timely basis and we may suffer financial penalties and a diminution of our commercial reputation and future product orders, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unable to employ a sufficient number of skilled and qualified workers to sustain or expand our current operations.

The delivery of our tubular services requires personnel with specialized skills and experience. Our ability to be productive and profitable will depend upon our ability to employ and retain skilled workers. In addition, our ability to expand our operations depends in part on our ability to increase the size of our skilled labor force. The demand for skilled workers is high, the supply is limited, and the cost to attract and retain qualified personnel has increased over the past few years. In addition, we are currently a party to collective bargaining or similar agreements in certain international areas in which we operate, which could result in increases in the wage rates that we must pay to retain our employees. Furthermore, a significant increase in the wages paid by competing employers could result in a reduction of our skilled labor force, increases in the wage rates that we must pay, or both. If any of these events were to occur, our capacity could be diminished, our ability to respond quickly to customer demands or strong market conditions may be inhibited and our growth potential could be impaired, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in an intensively competitive industry, and if we fail to compete effectively, our business will suffer.

Our competitors may attempt to increase their market share by reducing prices, or our customers may adopt competing technologies. The drilling industry is driven primarily by cost minimization, and our strategy is aimed at

 

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reducing drilling costs through the application of new technologies. Our competitors, many of whom have a more diverse product line and access to greater amounts of capital than we do, have the ability to compete against the cost savings generated by our technology by reducing prices and by introducing competing technologies. Our competitors may also have the ability to offer bundles of products and services to customers that we do not offer. We have limited resources to sustain prolonged price competition and maintain the level of investment required to continue the commercialization and development of our new technologies. Any failure to continue to do so could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our business depends upon our ability to source low cost raw materials and components, such as steel castings and forgings. Increased costs of raw materials and other components may result in increased operating expenses.

Our ability to source low cost raw materials and components, such as steel castings and forgings, is critical to our ability to manufacture our drilling products competitively and, in turn, our ability to provide onshore and offshore drilling services. Should our current suppliers be unable to provide the necessary raw materials or components or otherwise fail to deliver such materials and components timely and in the quantities required, resulting delays in the provision of products or services to customers could have a material adverse effect on our business.

In particular, we have experienced increased costs in recent years due to rising steel prices. There is also strong demand within the industry for forgings, castings and outsourced coating services necessary for us to make our products. We cannot assure that we will be able to continue to purchase these raw materials on a timely basis or at historical prices. Our results of operations may be adversely affected by our inability to manage the rising costs and availability of raw materials and components used in our products.

Our tubular services are provided in connection with operations that are subject to potential hazards inherent in the oil and gas industry, and as a result, we are exposed to potential liabilities that may affect our financial condition and reputation.

Our tubular services are provided in connection with potentially hazardous drilling, completion and production applications in the oil and gas industry where an accident can potentially have catastrophic consequences. This is particularly true in deep water operations, where we are increasingly providing more tubular services. Risks inherent to these applications, such as equipment malfunctions and failures, equipment misuse and defects, explosions, blowouts and uncontrollable flows of oil, gas or well fluids and natural disasters, on land or in deep water or shallow-water environments, can cause personal injury, loss of life, suspension of operations, damage to formations, damage to facilities, business interruption and damage to or destruction of property, surface water and drinking water resources, equipment and the environment. If our services fail to meet specifications or are involved in accidents or failures, we could face warranty, contract, fines or other litigation claims, which could expose us to substantial liability for personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, loss of oil and gas production, pollution and other environmental damages. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to cover all liabilities. Further, insurance may not be generally available in the future or, if available, insurance premiums may make such insurance commercially unjustifiable. Moreover, even if we are successful in defending a claim, it could be time-consuming and costly to defend.

In addition, the frequency and severity of such incidents will affect operating costs, insurability and relationships with customers, employees and regulators. In particular, our customers may elect not to purchase our services if they view our safety record as unacceptable, which could cause us to lose customers and substantial revenues. In addition, these risks may be greater for us because we may acquire companies that have not allocated significant resources and management focus to safety and have a poor safety record requiring rehabilitative efforts during the integration process and we may incur liabilities for losses before such rehabilitation occurs.

 

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The imposition of stringent restrictions or prohibitions on offshore drilling by any governing body may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Events in recent years have heightened environmental and regulatory concerns about the oil and gas industry. From time to time, governing bodies have enacted and may propose legislation or regulations that would materially limit or prohibit offshore drilling in certain areas. If laws are enacted or other governmental action is taken that restrict or prohibit offshore drilling in our expected areas of operation, our expected future growth in offshore services could be reduced and our business could be materially adversely affected.

For example, the U.S. governmental, regulatory and industry response to the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig accident in April 2010 and resulting oil spill could have a prolonged and material adverse impact on drilling operations in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Following the April 2010 fire and explosion aboard the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform and subsequent release of oil from the Macondo well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, the federal Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (“BOEMRE”) issued a moratorium on deep water drilling activities in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, which was lifted on October 12, 2010, and also implemented a series of environmental, technological and safety measures intended to improve offshore safety systems and environmental protection. The safety regulations require operators to, among other things, submit independent third-party reports on the design and operation of blowout preventers (“BOPs”) and other well control systems, and conduct tests on the functionality of well control systems. Additional regulations address new standards for certain equipment involved in the construction of offshore wells, especially BOPs, and require operators to implement and enforce a safety and environmental management system, including regular third-party audits of safety procedures and drilling equipment to assure that offshore rig personnel and equipment remain in compliance with the new regulations. Each operator is also required to demonstrate that it has in place written and enforceable procedures, pursuant to applicable regulations, that ensure containment in the event of a deep water blowout. In October 2011, BOEMRE was separated into two federal bureaus, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (“BOEM”), which handles offshore leasing, resource evaluation, review and administration of oil and gas exploration and development plans, renewable energy development, National Environmental Policy Act analysis and environmental studies, and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (“BSEE”), which is responsible for the safety and enforcement functions of offshore oil and gas operations, including the development and enforcement of safety and environmental regulations, permitting of offshore exploration, development and production activities, inspections, offshore regulatory programs, oil spill response and newly formed training and environmental compliance programs.

The U.S. Gulf of Mexico represents a significant portion of the industry’s existing deep water demand, and we expect the provision of tubular services there to continue to account for a meaningful portion of our business. The legal and regulatory developments since the Deepwater Horizon incident have created significant uncertainty regarding the outlook of offshore drilling activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and possible implications for regions outside of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. If the new regulations, operating procedures and possibility of increased legal liability are viewed by our current or future customers as a significant impairment to expected profitability on drilling projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, deep water drillships and other floating rigs could depart the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, which would likely affect the global supply and demand balance for our services. In addition to the new safety requirements issued by BOEMRE, the BSEE could issue additional safety and environmental guidelines or regulations for drilling in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico that could disrupt or delay drilling operations, increase the cost of drilling operations or reduce the area of operations for deep water drilling, and other governments could take similar actions. All of these uncertainties could result in increased future operating costs, including insurance costs, which we may not be able to pass through to our customers.

We may not be fully indemnified against financial losses in all circumstances where damage to or loss of property, personal injury, death or environmental harm occur.

As is customary in our industry, our contracts typically provide that our customers indemnify us for claims arising from the injury or death of their employees, the loss or damage of their equipment, damage to the

 

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reservoir and pollution emanating from the customer’s equipment or from the reservoir (including uncontained oil flow from a reservoir). Conversely, we typically indemnify our customers for claims arising from the injury or death of our employees, the loss or damage of our equipment, or pollution emanating from our equipment. Our contracts typically provide that our customer will indemnify us for claims arising from catastrophic events, such as a well blowout, fire or explosion.

Our indemnification arrangements may not protect us in every case. For example, from time to time (i) we may enter into contracts with less favorable indemnities or perform work without a contract that protects us, (ii) our indemnity arrangements may be held unenforceable in some courts and jurisdictions or (iii) we may be subject to other claims brought by third parties or government agencies. Furthermore, the parties from which we seek indemnity may not be solvent, may become bankrupt, may lack resources or insurance to honor their indemnities, or may not otherwise be able to satisfy their indemnity obligations to us. The lack of enforceable indemnification could expose us to significant potential losses.

Further, our assets generally are not insured against loss from political violence such as war, terrorism or civil unrest. If any of our assets are damaged or destroyed as a result of an uninsured cause, we could recognize a loss of those assets.

We may incur liabilities, fines, penalties or additional costs, or we may be unable to provide services to certain customers, if we do not maintain safe operations.

If we fail to comply with safety regulations or maintain an acceptable level of safety in connection with our tubular services, we may incur fines, penalties or other liabilities or may be held criminally liable. We expect to incur additional costs over time to upgrade equipment or conduct additional training or otherwise incur costs in connection with compliance with safety regulations. Failure to maintain safe operations or achieve certain safety performance metrics could disqualify us from doing business with certain customers, particularly major oil companies. Because we provide tubular services to a large number of major oil companies, any such failure could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The industry in which we operate is undergoing continuing consolidation that may impact results of operations.

Some of our largest customers have consolidated and are using their size and purchasing power to achieve economies of scale and pricing concessions. This consolidation may result in reduced capital spending by such customers or the acquisition of one or more of our other primary customers, which may lead to decreased demand for our products and services. If we cannot maintain sales levels for customers that have consolidated or replace such revenues with increased business activities from other customers, this consolidation activity could have a significant negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We are unable to predict what effect consolidations in the industries may have on prices, capital spending by customers, selling strategies, competitive position, ability to retain customers or ability to negotiate favorable agreements with customers.

Our operations and our customers’ operations are subject to a variety of governmental laws and regulations that may increase our costs, limit the demand for our services and products or restrict our operations.

Our business and our customers’ businesses may be significantly affected by:

 

   

federal, state and local and non-U.S. laws and other regulations relating to oilfield operations, worker safety and protection of the environment;

 

   

changes in these laws and regulations; and

 

   

the level of enforcement of these laws and regulations.

 

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In addition, we depend on the demand for our tubular services from the oil and gas industry. This demand is affected by changing taxes, price controls and other laws and regulations relating to the oil and gas industry in general. For example, the adoption of laws and regulations curtailing exploration and development drilling for oil and gas for economic or other policy reasons could adversely affect our operations by limiting demand for our products. In addition, some non-U.S. countries may adopt regulations or practices that give advantage to indigenous oil companies in bidding for oil leases, or require indigenous companies to perform oilfield services currently supplied by international service companies. To the extent that such companies are not our customers, or we are unable to develop relationships with them, our business may suffer. We cannot determine the extent to which our future operations and earnings may be affected by new legislation, new regulations or changes in existing regulations.

Because of our non-U.S. operations and sales, we are also subject to changes in non-U.S. laws and regulations that may encourage or require hiring of local contractors or require non-U.S. contractors to employ citizens of, or purchase supplies from, a particular jurisdiction. If we fail to comply with any applicable law or regulation, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

An inability to obtain visas and work permits for our employees on a timely basis could negatively affect our operations and have an adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to provide services worldwide depends on our ability to obtain the necessary visas and work permits for our personnel to travel in and out of, and to work in, the jurisdictions in which we operate. Governmental actions in some of the jurisdictions in which we operate may make it difficult for us to move our personnel in and out of these jurisdictions by delaying or withholding the approval of these permits. If we are not able to obtain visas and work permits for the employees we need for conducting our tubular services on a timely basis, we might not be able to perform our obligations under our contracts, which could allow our customers to cancel the contracts. If our customers cancel some of our contracts, and we are unable to secure new contracts on a timely basis and on substantially similar terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Our operations are subject to environmental and operational safety laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.

Our operations are subject to numerous stringent and complex laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to human health and environmental protection. These laws and regulations may, among other things, regulate the management and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes; require acquisition of environmental permits related to our operations; restrict the types, quantities, and concentrations of various materials that can be released into the environment; limit or prohibit operational activities in certain ecologically sensitive and other protected areas; regulate specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; require compliance with operational and equipment standards; impose testing, reporting and record-keeping requirements; and require remedial measures to mitigate pollution from former and ongoing operations. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations or to obtain or comply with permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, imposition of remedial or corrective action requirements and the imposition of injunctions to prohibit certain activities or force future compliance. Certain environmental laws may impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment.

The trend in environmental regulation has been to impose increasingly stringent restrictions and limitations on activities that may impact the environment. The implementation of new laws and regulations could result in materially increased costs, stricter standards and enforcement, larger fines and liability and increased capital expenditures and operating costs, particularly for our customers.

 

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Our operations in countries outside of the United States are subject to a number of U.S. federal laws and regulations, including restrictions imposed by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as well as trade sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the Commerce Department.

Local laws and customs in many countries differ significantly from those in the United States. In many countries, particularly in those with developing economies, it is common to engage in business practices that are prohibited by U.S. regulations applicable to us. The United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions, including the UK Bribery Act 2010 and the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, prohibit corporations and individuals, including us and our employees, from engaging in certain accounting practices or activities to obtain or retain business or to influence a person working in an official capacity. We do business and may do additional business in the future in countries and regions in which we may face, directly or indirectly, corrupt demands by officials, tribal or insurgent organizations, or private entities. Thus, we face the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees, contractors and agents, even though these parties are not always subject to our control. It is our policy to implement compliance procedures to prohibit these practices. However, our existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective, and our employees, contractors, and agents may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible, regardless of whether such conduct occurs within or outside the United States. We may also be held responsible for any violations by an acquired company that occur prior to an acquisition, or subsequent to the acquisition but before we are able to institute our compliance procedures. In addition, our non-U.S. competitors that are not subject to the FCPA or similar laws may be able to secure business or other preferential treatment in such countries by means that such laws prohibit with respect to us. A violation of any of these laws, even if prohibited by our policies, may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions and other penalties, and could have a material adverse effect on our business. Actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation, be expensive to defend, and impair our ability to do business.

Compliance with U.S. regulations on trade sanctions and embargoes administered by the United States Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) also poses a risk to us. We cannot provide products or services to certain countries subject to U.S. trade sanctions. Furthermore, the laws and regulations concerning import activity, export recordkeeping and reporting, export control and economic sanctions are complex and constantly changing. Any failure to comply with applicable legal and regulatory trading obligations could result in criminal and civil penalties and sanctions, such as fines, imprisonment, debarment from governmental contracts, seizure of shipments and loss of import and export privileges.

Compliance with and changes in laws could be costly and could affect operating results.

We have operations in the U.S. and in approximately 60 countries that can be impacted by expected and unexpected changes in the legal and business environments in which we operate. Political instability and regional issues in many of the areas in which we operate may contribute to such changes with greater significance or frequency. Our ability to manage our compliance costs and compliance programs will impact our ability to meet our earnings goals. Compliance-related issues could also limit our ability to do business in certain countries. Changes that could impact the legal environment include new legislation, new regulations, new policies, investigations and legal proceedings and new interpretations of existing legal rules and regulations, in particular, changes in export control laws or exchange control laws, additional restrictions on doing business in countries subject to sanctions and changes in laws in countries where we operate or intend to operate.

Restrictions on emissions of greenhouse gases could increase our operating costs or reduce demand for our products.

Environmental advocacy groups and regulatory agencies in the United States and other countries have focused considerable attention on emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases and their potential role in climate change. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) has already begun to regulate greenhouse gas emissions under existing provisions of the federal Clean Air Act, and the state of

 

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California has established a “cap-and-trade” program requiring state-wide annual reductions in emission of greenhouse gasses. In addition, from time to time there have been proposals to impose a “carbon tax” based on the carbon content of combusted fuels. The adoption of additional legislation or regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur increased operating costs to comply with new emissions-reduction or reporting requirements. Any such legislation or regulatory programs could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, hydrocarbons that our customers produce. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Finally, some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts, and floods and other climatic events.

We face risks related to natural disasters and pandemic diseases, which could result in severe property damage or materially and adversely disrupt our operations and affect travel required for our worldwide operations.

Some of our operations involve risks of, among other things, property damage, which could curtail our operations. For example, disruptions in operations or damage to a manufacturing plant could reduce our ability to produce products and satisfy customer demand. In particular, we have offices and manufacturing facilities in Houston, Texas and Lafayette, Louisiana and in various places throughout the Gulf Coast region of the United States. These offices and facilities are particularly susceptible to severe tropical storms and hurricanes, which may disrupt our operations. If one or more manufacturing facilities we own are damaged by severe weather or any other disaster, accident, catastrophe or event, our operations could be significantly interrupted. Similar interruptions could result from damage to production or other facilities that provide supplies or other raw materials to our plants or other stoppages arising from factors beyond our control. These interruptions might involve significant damage to, among other things, property, and repairs might take from a week or less for a minor incident to many months or more for a major interruption.

In addition, a portion of our business involves the movement of people and certain parts and supplies to or from foreign locations. Any restrictions on travel or shipments to and from foreign locations, due to the occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods or hurricanes, or an epidemic or outbreak of diseases, including the H1N1 virus and the avian flu, in these locations, could significantly disrupt our operations and decrease our ability to provide services to our customers. In addition, our local workforce could be affected by such an occurrence or outbreak which could also significantly disrupt our operations and decrease our ability to provide services to our customers.

Our exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations may result in fluctuations in our cash flows and could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time, fluctuations in currency exchange rates could be material to us depending upon, among other things, the principal regions in which we provide tubular services. For each of the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, on a U.S. dollar-equivalent basis, approximately 25% of our revenue was represented by currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In particular, we are sensitive to fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and each of the Euro, Norwegian Krone, British Pound, Venezuelan Bolivar and Brazilian Real. There may be instances in which costs and revenue will not be matched with respect to currency denomination. As a result, to the extent that we continue our expansion on a global basis, as expected, we expect that increasing portions of revenue, costs, assets and liabilities will be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency valuations. We may experience economic loss and a negative impact on earnings or net assets solely as a result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Further, the markets in which we operate could restrict the removal or conversion of the local or foreign currency, resulting in our inability to hedge against these risks.

 

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Seasonal and weather conditions could adversely affect demand for our services and operations.

Weather can have a significant impact on demand as consumption of energy is seasonal, and any variation from normal weather patterns, such as cooler or warmer summers and winters, can have a significant impact on demand. Adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico or typhoons in the Asia Pacific region, may interrupt or curtail our operations, or our customers’ operations, cause supply disruptions and result in a loss of revenue and damage to our equipment and facilities, which may or may not be insured. Extreme winter conditions in Canada, Russia or the North Sea may interrupt or curtail our operations, or our customers’ operations, in those areas and result in a loss of revenue.

Legislation or regulations restricting the use of hydraulic fracturing could reduce demand for our services.

Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice in the oil and gas industry. The process involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into a formation to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production of hydrocarbons. Certain environmental advocacy groups and regulatory agencies have suggested that additional federal, state and local laws and regulations may be needed to more closely regulate the hydraulic fracturing process, and have made claims that hydraulic fracturing techniques are harmful to surface water and drinking water resources and may cause earthquakes. Various governmental entities (within and outside the United States) are in the process of studying, restricting, regulating or preparing to regulate hydraulic fracturing, directly or indirectly. For example, the EPA has already begun to regulate certain hydraulic fracturing operations involving diesel under the Underground Injection Control program of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, and is conducting a study to determine if additional regulation of hydraulic fracturing is warranted. The adoption of legislation or regulatory programs that restrict hydraulic fracturing could adversely affect, reduce or delay well drilling and completion activities, increase the cost of drilling and production, and thereby reduce demand for our services.

Customer credit risks could result in losses.

The concentration of our customers in the energy industry may impact our overall exposure to credit risk as customers may be similarly affected by prolonged changes in economic and industry conditions. Those countries that rely heavily upon income from hydrocarbon exports would be hit particularly hard by a drop in oil prices. Further, laws in some jurisdictions in which we operate could make collection difficult or time consuming. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and do not generally require collateral in support of our trade receivables. While we maintain reserves for potential credit losses, we cannot assure such reserves will be sufficient to meet write-offs of uncollectible receivables or that our losses from such receivables will be consistent with our expectations.

We may be unable to identify or complete acquisitions.

We expect that acquisitions will be an important element of our business strategy going forward. We can give no assurance that we will be able to integrate successfully the assets and operations of acquired businesses with our own business. Any inability on our part to integrate and manage the growth of acquired businesses may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We can give no assurance that we will be able to identify and acquire additional businesses in the future on terms favorable to us.

Our executive officers and certain key personnel are critical to our business, and these officers and key personnel may not remain with us in the future.

Our future success depends in substantial part on our ability to hire and retain our executive officers and other key personnel. In particular, we are highly dependent on our executive officers, particularly Donald Keith Mosing, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President. These individuals possess extensive expertise, talent and leadership, and they are critical to our success. The diminution or loss of the services of these individuals, or other integral key personnel affiliated with entities that we acquire in the future, could have a

 

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material adverse effect on our business. Furthermore, we may not be able to enforce all of the provisions in any employment agreement we have entered into with certain of our executive officers, and such employment agreements may not otherwise be effective in retaining such individuals. In addition, we may not be able to retain key employees of entities that we acquire in the future. This may impact our ability to successfully integrate or operate the assets we acquire.

Control of oil and gas reserves by state-owned oil companies may impact the demand for our services and create additional risks in our operations.

Much of the world’s oil and gas reserves are controlled by state-owned oil companies, and we provide tubular services for a number of those companies. State-owned oil companies may require their contractors to meet local content requirements or other local standards, such as joint ventures, that could be difficult or undesirable for us to meet. The failure to meet the local content requirements and other local standards may adversely impact our operations in those countries. In addition, our ability to work with state-owned oil companies is subject to our ability to negotiate and agree upon acceptable contract terms.

Risks Related to Our Organizational Structure

We are a holding company and our sole material asset after completion of this offering will be our indirect equity interest in FICV, and we are accordingly dependent upon distributions from FICV to pay taxes, make payments under the tax receivable agreement, and pay dividends.

We will be a holding company and will have no material assets other than our indirect equity interest in FICV. See “Organizational Structure.” We have no independent means of generating revenue. We intend to cause FICV to make distributions to us and Mosing Holdings in an amount sufficient to cover (i) all applicable taxes at assumed tax rates, (ii) payments under the tax receivable agreement we intend to enter into with Mosing Holdings and (iii) dividends, if any, declared by us. To the extent that we need funds and FICV or its subsidiaries is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation or under the terms of their financing or other contractual arrangements, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.

The Mosing family will hold a majority of the combined voting power of the FINV Stock and, accordingly, will have substantial control over our management and affairs.

Immediately following the completion of this offering, the Mosing family will hold approximately 85.1% of the combined voting power of the FINV Stock (or 83.3% if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full) through FWW and Mosing Holdings. Accordingly, the Mosing family will have the ability to elect all of the members of both our management board and supervisory board, and thereby to control our management and affairs. Moreover, pursuant to our amended and restated articles of association, our board of directors will consist of no more than nine individuals. The Mosing family will have the right to recommend one director for nomination to the supervisory board for each 10% of the outstanding FINV Stock they collectively beneficially own, up to a maximum of five directors. The remaining directors will be nominated by our supervisory board. At the completion of this offering, our supervisory board will consist of four members, three of whom are members of the Mosing family and are also employees of us or one of our affiliates, including our chief executive officer. As a result, members of the Mosing family will have substantial influence over our operations and potential conflicts may arise, including with respect to matters related to the compensation of our chief executive officer and the other members of the Mosing family who serve on our supervisory board. In addition, the Mosing family will be able to determine the outcome of all matters requiring shareholder approval, including mergers, amendments of our articles of association and other material transactions, and will be able to cause or prevent a change in the composition of both our management board and supervisory board or a change in control of our company that could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their common stock as part of a sale of our company. The existence of significant

 

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shareholders may also have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers, delaying or preventing changes in control or changes in management, or limiting the ability of our other shareholders to approve transactions that they may deem to be in the best interests of our company. So long as the Mosing family continues to own a significant amount of the FINV Stock, even if such amount represents less than 50% of the aggregate voting power, it will continue to be able to strongly influence all matters requiring shareholder approval, regardless of whether or not other shareholders believe that the transaction is in their own best interests.

Pursuant to a voting agreement that will be entered into among Mosing Holdings, FWW and members of the Mosing family, each shareholder will agree to vote all of their shares of common stock and Series A preferred stock for the election of directors of our supervisory board and management board in the manner specified by a designated shareholder representative, which will initially be Keith Mosing, our chief executive officer. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Voting Agreement.”

The Mosing family may have interests that conflict with holders of shares of our common stock.

Immediately following the completion of this offering, the Mosing family will indirectly own     % of the limited partnership interests in FICV. Because they hold a portion of their ownership interest in our business through FICV, rather than through FINV, the Mosing family may have conflicting interests with holders of shares of our common stock. For example, the Mosing family may have different tax positions from us which could influence their decisions regarding whether and when to cause us to dispose of assets, whether and when to cause us to incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence of the tax receivable agreement that we intend to enter into in connection with this offering. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into consideration the Mosing family’s tax or other considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to us. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

We will be required under the tax receivable agreement to pay Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees for certain tax benefits we may claim, and the amounts we may pay could be significant.

We intend to enter into the tax receivable agreement with Mosing Holdings. This agreement generally will provide for the payment by us of 85% of actual reductions, if any, in payments of U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax (which reductions we refer to as “cash savings”) in periods after this offering as a result of (i) the tax basis increases resulting from the transfer of FICV interests to us in connection with a conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of our common stock and (ii) imputed interest deemed to be paid by us as a result of, and additional tax basis arising from, payments under the tax receivable agreement. In addition, the tax receivable agreement will provide for interest earned from the due date (without extensions) of the corresponding tax return to the date of payment specified by the tax receivable agreement.

The payment obligations under the tax receivable agreement are our obligations and are not obligations of FICV. The term of the tax receivable agreement will commence upon the completion of this offering and will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless we exercise our right to terminate the tax receivable agreement.

Estimating the amount of payments that may be made under the tax receivable agreement is by its nature imprecise, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors. The actual increase in tax basis, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the tax receivable agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges, the relative value of our U.S. and international assets at the time of the exchange, the price of shares of our common stock at the time of the exchange, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable, the amount and timing of the taxable income we realize in the future and the tax rate then applicable, our use of loss carryovers and the portion of our payments under the tax receivable agreement constituting imputed interest or depreciable or amortizable basis. We expect that the payments that we will be required to make under the tax receivable agreement will be substantial. There

 

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may be a substantial negative impact on our liquidity if, as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, (i) the payments under the tax receivable agreement exceed the actual benefits we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement or (ii) distributions to us by FICV are not sufficient to permit us to make payments under the tax receivable agreement subsequent to the payment of our taxes and other obligations. The payments under the tax receivable agreement will not be conditioned upon a holder of rights under a tax receivable agreement having a continued ownership interest in either FICV or us. While we may defer payments under the tax receivable agreement to the extent we do not have sufficient cash to make such payments, except in the case of an acceleration of payments thereunder occurring in connection with an early termination of the tax receivable agreement or certain mergers or changes of control, any such unpaid obligation will accrue interest. Additionally, during any such deferral period, we will be prohibited from paying dividends on our common stock. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

In certain cases, payments under the tax receivable agreement to Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees may be accelerated or significantly exceed the actual benefits, if any, we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement.

The tax receivable agreement provides that we may terminate it early. If we elect to terminate the tax receivable agreement early, we would be required to make an immediate payment equal to the present value of the anticipated future tax benefits subject to the tax receivable agreement (based upon certain assumptions and deemed events set forth in the tax receivable agreement, including the assumption that we have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize such benefits and that any interests in FICV that Mosing Holdings or its transferees own on the termination date are deemed to be exchanged on the termination date). Any early termination payment may be made significantly in advance of the actual realization, if any, of such future benefits. In addition, payments due under the tax receivable agreement will be similarly accelerated following certain mergers or other changes of control. In these situations, our obligations under the tax receivable agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control. For example, if the tax receivable agreement were terminated immediately after this offering, the estimated termination payment would be approximately $78.1 million (calculated using a discount rate of 3.01%). The foregoing number is merely an estimate and the actual payment could differ materially. There can be no assurance that we will be able to finance our obligations under the tax receivable agreement. If we were unable to finance our obligations due under the tax receivable agreement, we would be in breach of the agreement. Any such breach could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Payments under the tax receivable agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that we will determine. Although we are not aware of any issue that would cause the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to challenge a tax basis increase or other benefits arising under the tax receivable agreement, the holders of rights under the tax receivable agreement will not reimburse us for any payments previously made under the tax receivable agreement if such basis increases or other benefits are subsequently disallowed, except that excess payments made to any such holder will be netted against payments otherwise to be made, if any, to such holder after our determination of such excess. As a result, in such circumstances, we could make payments that are greater than our actual cash tax savings, if any, and may not be able to recoup those payments, which could adversely affect our liquidity.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

The initial public offering price of our common stock may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. In addition, an active liquid trading market for our common stock may not develop and our common stock price may be volatile.

Prior to this offering, our common stock was not traded on any market. An active and liquid trading market for our common stock may not develop or be maintained after this offering. Liquid and active trading markets usually result in less price volatility and more efficiency in carrying out investors’ purchase and sale orders. The

 

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market price of our common stock could vary significantly as a result of a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. In the event of a drop in the market price of our common stock, you could lose a substantial part or all of your investment in our common stock. The initial public offering price will be negotiated between us and representatives of the underwriters, based on numerous factors which we discuss in the “Underwriting” section of this prospectus, and may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. Consequently, you may not be able to sell shares of our common stock at prices equal to or greater than the price paid by you in the offering.

The following factors could affect our common stock price:

 

   

our operating and financial performance;

 

   

quarterly variations in the rate of growth of our financial indicators, such as net income per share, net income, Adjusted EBITDA and revenues;

 

   

changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of reports by equity research analysts;

 

   

speculation in the press or investment community;

 

   

sales of our common stock by us or other shareholders, or the perception that such sales may occur;

 

   

general market conditions, including fluctuations in commodity prices; and

 

   

U.S. and international economic, legal and regulatory factors unrelated to our performance.

The trading markets in general have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

As a privately held company, we have not been responsible for the corporate governance and financial reporting practices and policies required of a publicly traded company. As a publicly traded company with listed equity securities we will need to comply with new laws, regulations and requirements, including corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE, as well as the relevant provisions under Dutch law. Complying with these statutes, regulations and requirements will occupy a significant amount of time of our management board and supervisory board and will significantly increase our costs and expenses. Among other things, we will need to:

 

   

institute a more comprehensive compliance function;

 

   

design, establish, evaluate and maintain a system of internal controls over financial reporting in compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations of the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”);

 

   

comply with rules promulgated by the NYSE;

 

   

prepare and distribute periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws;

 

   

establish new internal policies, such as those relating to disclosure controls and procedures and insider trading;

 

   

involve and retain to a greater degree outside counsel and accountants in the above activities; and

 

   

establish an investor relations function.

These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our supervisory board, particularly to serve on our Audit Committee, qualified executive officers and key personnel.

 

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Future sales of our common stock in the public market could lower our stock price, and any additional capital raised by us through the sale of equity may dilute your ownership in us.

We may sell additional shares of common stock in subsequent public offerings. After the completion of this offering, we will have 149,024,000 outstanding shares of our common stock and 52,976,000 outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock that are convertible into an equivalent number of shares of common stock. Following the completion of this offering, members of the Mosing family will own, indirectly through FWW and Mosing Holdings, 119,024,000 shares of common stock and all of our shares of Series A preferred stock. Together, these shares will represent approximately 85.1% of our total outstanding FINV Stock (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock). All of these shares will be subject to a lock-up agreement as described in “Underwriting,” but may be sold into the market in the future.

As soon as practicable after this offering, we intend to file a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-8 providing for the registration of 20,000,000 shares of our common stock issued or reserved for issuance under our stock incentive plan and 3,000,000 shares of our common stock issued or reserved for issuance under our employee stock purchase plan. Subject to the satisfaction of vesting conditions and the expiration of lock-up agreements, shares registered under this registration statement on Form S-8 will be available for resale immediately in the public market without restriction.

We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of shares of our common stock will have on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock (including shares issued in connection with an acquisition), or the perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock.

Our declaration of dividends is within the discretion of our management board, with the approval of our supervisory board, and subject to certain limitations under Dutch law, and there can be no assurance that we will pay dividends.

Our dividend policy is within the discretion of our management board, with the approval of our supervisory board, and will depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and investment opportunities. We can provide no assurance that we will pay dividends on our common stock. No dividends on our common stock will accrue in arrears. In addition, Dutch law contains certain restrictions on a company’s ability to pay cash dividends, and we can provide no assurance that those restrictions will not prevent us from paying a dividend in future periods. See “Description of Capital Stock—Dividends.”

As a Dutch public company with limited liability, the rights of our shareholders may be different from the rights of shareholders in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions.

We are a Dutch public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap). Our corporate affairs are governed by our articles of association and by the laws governing companies incorporated in The Netherlands. The rights of shareholders and the responsibilities of members of our management board and supervisory board may be different from those in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions.

For example, resolutions of the general meeting of shareholders may be taken with majorities different from the majorities required for adoption of equivalent resolutions in, for example, Delaware corporations. Although shareholders will have the right to approve legal mergers or demergers, Dutch law does not grant appraisal rights to a company’s shareholders who wish to challenge the consideration to be paid upon a legal merger or demerger of a company.

In addition, if a third party is liable to a Dutch company, under Dutch law shareholders generally do not have the right to bring an action on behalf of the company or to bring an action on their own behalf to recover damages sustained as a result of a decrease in value, or loss of an increase in value, of their ordinary shares. Only in the event that the cause of liability of such third party to the company also constitutes a tortious act directly

 

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against such shareholder and the damages sustained are permanent, may that shareholder have an individual right of action against such third party on its own behalf to recover damages. The Dutch Civil Code provides for the possibility to initiate such actions collectively. A foundation or an association whose objective, as stated in its articles of association, is to protect the rights of persons having similar interests may institute a collective action. The collective action cannot result in an order for payment of monetary damages but may result in a declaratory judgment (verklaring voor recht), for example declaring that a party has acted wrongfully or has breached a fiduciary duty. The foundation or association and the defendant are permitted to reach (often on the basis of such declaratory judgment) a settlement which provides for monetary compensation for damages. A designated Dutch court may declare the settlement agreement binding upon all the injured parties, whereby an individual injured party will have the choice to opt-out within the term set by the court (at least three months). Such individual injured party, may also individually institute a civil claim for damages within the before mentioned term.

Furthermore, certain provisions of Dutch corporate law have the effect of concentrating control over certain corporate decisions and transactions in the hands of our management board and supervisory board. As a result, holders of our shares may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by members of our management board and supervisory board than if we were incorporated in the United States.

In the performance of its duties, our management board and supervisory board will be required by Dutch law to act in the interest of the company and its affiliated business, and to consider the interests of our company, our shareholders, our employees and other stakeholders in all cases with reasonableness and fairness. It is possible that some of these parties will have interests that are different from, or in addition to, interests of our shareholders.

Our articles of association and Dutch corporate law contain provisions that may discourage a takeover attempt.

Provisions contained in the amended and restated articles of association that we intend to adopt in connection with this offering and the laws of The Netherlands could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so might be beneficial to our shareholders. Provisions of our articles of association impose various procedural and other requirements, which could make it more difficult for shareholders to effect certain corporate actions. Among other things, these provisions:

 

   

authorize our management board, with the approval of our supervisory board, for a period of five years from the date of the offering to issue preferred stock, including for defensive purposes, and shares of common stock, in each case without shareholder approval; and

 

   

do not provide for shareholder action by written consent, thereby requiring all shareholder actions to be taken at a general meeting of shareholders.

These provisions, alone or together, could delay hostile takeovers and changes in control of our company or changes in our management. See “Description of Capital Stock—Anti-Takeover Provisions.”

It may be difficult for you to obtain or enforce judgments against us or some of our executive officers and directors and some of our named experts in the United States or The Netherlands.

We were formed under the laws of The Netherlands and, as such, the rights of holders of our ordinary shares and the civil liability of our directors will be governed by the laws of The Netherlands and our amended and restated articles of association. Some of the named experts referred to in this prospectus are not residents of the United States and some of our directors and executive officers and some of our assets and some of the assets of our directors and executive officers are located outside the United States.

In the absence of an applicable convention between the United States and The Netherlands providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments (other than arbitration awards and divorce decrees) in civil

 

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and commercial matters, a judgment rendered by a court in the United States will not automatically be recognized by the courts of The Netherlands. In principle, the courts of The Netherlands will be free to decide, at their own discretion, if and to what extent a judgment rendered by a court in the United States should be recognized in The Netherlands. In general terms, Dutch courts tend to grant the same judgment without re-litigating on the merits if the following three cumulative minimum conditions are met:

 

   

the judgment was rendered by the foreign court that was (based on internationally accepted grounds) competent to take cognizance of the matter;

 

   

the judgment is the outcome of a proper judicial procedure (behoorlijke rechtspleging); and

 

   

the judgment is not manifestly incompatible with the public policy (openbare orde) of The Netherlands.

Without prejudice to the above, in order to obtain enforcement of a judgment rendered by a United States court in The Netherlands, a claim against the relevant party on the basis of such judgment should be brought before the competent court of The Netherlands. During the proceedings such court will assess, when requested, whether a foreign judgment meets the above conditions. In the affirmative, the court may order that substantive examination of the matter shall be dispensed with. In such case, the court will confine itself to an order reiterating the foreign judgment against the party against whom it had been obtained.

Otherwise, a new substantive examination will take place in the framework of the proceedings. In all of the above situations, when applying the law of any jurisdiction (including The Netherlands), Dutch courts may give effect to the mandatory rules of the laws of another country with which the situation has a close connection, if and insofar as, under the law of the latter country, those rules must be applied regardless of the law applicable to the contract or legal relationship. In considering whether to give effect to these mandatory rules of such third country, regard shall be given to the nature, purpose and the consequences of their application or non-application. Moreover, a Dutch court may give effect to the rules of the laws of The Netherlands in a situation where they are mandatory irrespective of the law otherwise applicable to the documents or legal relationship in question. The application of a rule of the law of any country that otherwise would govern an obligation may be refused by the courts of The Netherlands if such application is manifestly incompatible with the public policy (openbare orde) of The Netherlands.

Under our amended and restated articles of association, we will indemnify and hold our officers and directors harmless against all claims and suits brought against them, subject to limited exceptions. Under our amended and restated articles of association, to the extent allowed by law, the rights and obligations among or between us, any of our current or former directors, officers and employees and any current or former shareholder will be governed exclusively by the laws of The Netherlands and subject to the jurisdiction of Dutch courts, unless those rights or obligations do not relate to or arise out of their capacities listed above. Although there is doubt as to whether U.S. courts would enforce such provision in an action brought in the United States under U.S. securities laws, this provision could make judgments obtained outside of The Netherlands more difficult to have recognized and enforced against our assets in The Netherlands or jurisdictions that would apply Dutch law. Insofar as a release is deemed to represent a condition, stipulation or provision binding any person acquiring our ordinary shares to waive compliance with any provision of the Securities Act or of the rules and regulations of the SEC, such release will be void.

Purchasers of common stock will experience immediate and substantial dilution.

Assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share (the mid-point of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), purchasers of our common stock in this offering will experience an immediate and substantial dilution of $15.30 per share in the net tangible book value per share of common stock from the initial public offering price, and our pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2013, after giving effect to this offering, would be $4.70 per share. In addition, our amended and restated articles of association allow us to issue significant numbers of additional shares, including shares that may be issued under our long-term incentive plans. We expect to grant restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our

 

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officers and employees concurrently with this offering as described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan.” See “Dilution” for a complete description of the calculation of net tangible book value.

We will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules and will qualify for and have the ability to rely on exemptions from certain NYSE corporate governance requirements.

Because the Mosing family will beneficially own a majority of our outstanding common stock following the completion of this offering, we will be a “controlled company” as that term is set forth in Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. Under the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by another person or group of persons acting together is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain NYSE corporate governance requirements, including:

 

   

the requirement that a majority of its supervisory board consist of independent directors;

 

   

the requirement that its nominating and governance committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

 

   

the requirement that its compensation committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.

These requirements will not apply to us as long as we remain a “controlled company.” Following the completion of this offering, and so long as members of the Mosing family control the outstanding common stock and Series A preferred stock representing at least a majority of the outstanding voting power in FINV, we have the option to utilize these exemptions. Accordingly, should we choose to utilize such exemptions, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE. The significant ownership interest held by members of the Mosing family could adversely affect investors’ perceptions of our corporate governance. See “Management—Board Structure.”

Tax Risks

Changes in tax laws, treaties or regulations or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our tax returns could adversely affect our financial results.

Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by changes in tax laws, treaties and regulations, both in the United States and internationally. Tax laws, treaties and regulations are highly complex and subject to interpretation. Consequently, we are subject to changing tax laws, treaties and regulations in and between countries in which we operate or are resident. Our income tax expense is based upon the interpretation of the tax laws in effect in various countries at the time that the expense was incurred. A change in these tax laws, treaties or regulations, or in the interpretation thereof, could result in a materially higher tax expense or a higher effective tax rate on our worldwide earnings. If any country successfully challenges our income tax filings based on our structure, or if we otherwise lose a material tax dispute, our effective tax rate on worldwide earnings could increase substantially and our financial results could be materially adversely affected.

U.S. tax authorities could treat us as a “passive foreign investment company,” which could have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders.

A foreign corporation will be treated as a “passive foreign investment company,” or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of “passive income” or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation’s assets for any taxable year produce or are held for the production of those types of “passive income.” For purposes of these tests, “passive income” includes dividends, interest and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than certain rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business, but does not include income derived from the performance of services. U.S.

 

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shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous U.S. federal income tax regime with respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from the PFIC, and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their interests in the PFIC.

We believe that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year or for any future taxable year. However, this involves a facts and circumstances analysis and it is possible that the IRS would not agree with our conclusion, or the U.S. tax laws could change significantly. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—PFIC Status and Significant Tax Consequences.”

U.S. “anti-inversion” tax laws could negatively affect our results and could result in a reduced amount of foreign tax credit for U.S. Holders.

Under rules contained in U.S. tax law, we would be subject to tax as a U.S. corporation in the event the we acquire substantially all of the assets of a U.S. corporation and the equity owners of that U.S. corporation own at least 80% (calculated without regard for any stock issued in a public offering) of our stock by reason of holding stock in the U.S. corporation. For purposes of applying these rules, the rights associated with the Series A preferred stock and the interests in FICV would likely result in the holders thereof being deemed to own our common stock under the “stock equivalent” portion of the rules.

We will acquire the assets of Mosing Holdings (a U.S. corporation); however, the ownership of Mosing Holdings in our stock, taking into account common stock that Mosing Holdings is deemed to own under the “stock equivalent” rules, is substantially below the 80% standard for the application of the rules. Accordingly, we do not believe these rules should apply.

There can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge our determination that these rules are inapplicable. In the event that these rules were applicable, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our worldwide income, which would negatively impact our cash available for distribution and the value of our common stock. Application of the rules could also adversely affect the ability of a U.S. Holder (as defined in “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”) to obtain a U.S. tax credit with respect to any Dutch withholding tax imposed on distributions.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this prospectus, regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this prospectus, the words “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words.

Forward-looking statements appear in a number of places in this prospectus, including “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Dividend Policy,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” and may include statements about, among other things:

 

   

our business strategy and prospects for growth;

 

   

our cash flows and liquidity;

 

   

our financial strategy, budget, projections and operating results;

 

   

the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures;

 

   

the availability and terms of capital;

 

   

competition and government regulations; and

 

   

general economic conditions.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot give any assurance that such expectations will prove correct. The forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations included, but are not limited to, the following:

 

   

the level of activity in the oil and gas industry;

 

   

the volatility of oil and gas prices;

 

   

unique risks associated with our offshore operations;

 

   

political, economic and regulatory uncertainties in our international operations;

 

   

our ability to develop new technologies and products;

 

   

our ability to protect our intellectual property rights;

 

   

our ability to employ and retain skilled and qualified workers;

 

   

the level of competition in our industry;

 

   

operational safety laws and regulations;

 

   

weather conditions and natural disasters; and

 

   

other factors discussed in “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus; we disclaim any obligation to update these statements unless required by law and we caution you not to place undue reliance on them. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements that we make. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

 

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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The diagram below depicts our simplified organizational structure immediately following the completion of this offering (assuming that the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is not exercised and without giving effect to the grant of restricted stock units representing an aggregate of 3,900,000 shares of common stock (based upon the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) to our officers and employees concurrently with this offering as described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan”):

 

LOGO

Frank’s International N.V.

Following completion of this offering, FINV, the issuer of common stock in this offering, will act as a holding company whose sole material assets will consist of indirect general and limited partnership interests in

 

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FICV. As the indirect sole shareholder of the general partner of FICV, FINV will be responsible for all operational, management and administrative decisions relating to FICV’s business and will consolidate the financial results of FICV and its subsidiaries.

The articles of association of FINV authorize two classes of stock, common stock and Series A preferred stock. See “Description of Capital Stock.” Only common stock will be sold to investors pursuant to this offering. Shares of our common stock will also be held indirectly by members of the Mosing family through FWW. 52,976,000 Shares of Series A preferred stock will be held by Mosing Holdings as described below. Each share of Series A preferred stock will have a liquidation preference equal to its par value of €0.01 per share (or €529,760 in the aggregate) and will be entitled to an annual dividend equal to 0.25% of its par value (or €1,324 per annum in the aggregate). Additionally, each share of Series A preferred stock will entitle its holder to vote together with the common stock as a single class on all matters presented to FINV’s shareholders for their vote.

Formation of FICV

FICV is a newly formed limited partnership that was formed to act as a holding company of various U.S. and foreign operating companies engaged in our business. Prior to this offering, our foreign operating companies have been owned directly or indirectly by FINV, and our U.S. operating companies have been owned directly or indirectly by Mosing Holdings, which is owned by members of the Mosing family. In connection with this offering, FINV will contribute all of our foreign operating subsidiaries and a portion of the proceeds from this offering to FICV, and Mosing Holdings will contribute all of our U.S. operating subsidiaries (excluding certain assets that generate a de minimis amount of revenue, including aircraft, real estate and life insurance policies) to FICV. We intend to enter into real estate lease agreements and an aviation services agreement with customary terms for continued use of the real estate and aircraft. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Transactions with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Affiliates.”

In exchange for this contribution (and after giving effect to this offering assuming the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is not exercised),

 

  (i) FINV will (indirectly) hold a 73.7% limited partnership interest and a 0.1% general partnership in FICV; and

 

  (ii) Mosing Holdings will hold a 26.2% limited partnership interest in FICV.

In order to give Mosing Holdings a percentage vote in FINV that is equal to the percentage limited partnership interest in FICV that Mosing Holdings will receive in exchange for its contribution to FICV, Mosing Holdings will also receive 52,976,000 shares of Series A preferred stock of FINV in the exchange.

Following the completion of this offering, the Mosing family will own, indirectly through Mosing Holdings and FWW, FINV Stock and FICV limited partnership interests that in the aggregate will represent approximately 85.1% of the economic interests in and voting power of our combined company (or 83.3% if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full).

For purposes of any transfer or exchange of Series A preferred stock and limited partnership interests in FICV, the articles of association of FINV and the partnership agreement of FICV contain provisions linking each share of Series A preferred stock in FINV to a proportionate portion of the limited partnership interest in FICV held by Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferee, which portion at any time will equal the total limited partnership interest in FICV held by Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferee divided by the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock of FINV (each such portion being referred to as an “FICV Portion”). Shares of Series A preferred stock cannot be transferred unless simultaneously with an equal number of FICV Portions and vice versa.

 

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Mosing Holdings (or any of its permitted transferees) will have the right to convert all or a portion of its Series A preferred stock into FINV common stock by delivery to FINV of an equivalent number of FICV Portions. In connection with such conversion, Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees will also be entitled to receive an amount of cash equal to the par value of each share of Series A preferred stock so converted plus any accrued but unpaid dividends thereon.

The above mechanism is subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications.

See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Limited Partnership Agreement of FICV.”

Offering

Only common stock will be sold to investors pursuant to this offering. Immediately following the completion of this offering, there will be 149,024,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding (or 153,524,000 shares of common stock if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of common stock). We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering related expenses, will be approximately $562.0 million (or $646.8 million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of common stock). A portion of the proceeds of this offering will be used to repay in full the outstanding notes payable to FWW, under which there was an aggregate of $443.7 million outstanding as of March 31, 2013. FINV will contribute any remaining proceeds (including any proceeds attributable to the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock) to FICV. Following any such contribution, FINV’s percentage ownership interest in FICV will equal the percentage of outstanding FINV Stock represented by FINV’s outstanding common stock.

As a result of the formation of FICV and the offering described above (and prior to any conversions of shares of Series A preferred stock into shares of our common stock):

 

   

the investors in this offering will collectively own 30,000,000 shares of common stock (or 34,500,000 shares of common stock if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of common stock), and FINV will hold an interest in FICV that is equal to the percentage of the total number of outstanding shares of FINV Stock represented by our common stock;

 

   

Mosing Holdings will hold 52,976,000 shares of Series A preferred stock and an interest in FICV that is equal to the percentage of the total number of outstanding shares of FINV Stock represented by such shares of Series A preferred stock;

 

   

the investors in this offering will collectively hold 14.9% (or 16.7% if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of common stock) of the voting power in FINV; and

 

   

the Mosing Family, through their ownership of Mosing Holdings and FWW, will hold 85.1% (or 83.3% if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of common stock) of the voting power in FINV.

Holding Company Structure

Following completion of this offering, FINV will act as a holding company whose sole material assets will consist of indirect general and limited partnership interests in FICV. As the owner of the general partner of FICV, FINV will be responsible for all operational, management and administrative decisions relating to FICV’s business and will consolidate the financial results of FICV and its subsidiaries.

Our post-offering organizational structure will allow the Mosing Family to retain a portion of their equity ownership in our company through FICV, an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, with the remainder of their ownership being in the form of common stock of FINV. Investors in this

 

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offering will, by contrast, hold all of their equity ownership in the form of shares of common stock of FINV, which is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We believe that the members of the Mosing family generally find it advantageous to hold their equity interests in an entity that is not taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Mosing family, like FINV, will generally incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their proportionate share of any taxable income of FICV.

FINV’s articles of association and FICV’s limited partnership agreement will provide for customary mechanisms to ensure that (i) FINV’s percentage interest in FICV will always equal the percentage of the total number of outstanding shares of FINV Stock represented by our outstanding common stock and (ii) Mosing Holding’s (together with any permitted transferee’s) percentage interest in FICV will always equal the percentage of the total number of outstanding shares of FINV Stock represented by our outstanding Series A preferred stock.

FINV will generally be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on its proportionate share of FICV’s taxable income attributable to U.S. operations. FINV may also incur U.S. branch profits tax on its proportionate share of FICV’s taxable income attributable to U.S. operations. The U.S. branch profits tax is imposed on a non-U.S. corporation’s “dividend equivalent amount,” which generally consists of the corporation’s after-tax earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles) that are effectively connected with the corporation’s U.S. trade or business but are not reinvested in a U.S. business. The limited partnership agreement of FICV provides for distributions to be made at the discretion of the general partner on a pro rata basis to the holders of interests in FICV for purposes of funding the holders’ tax obligations with respect to the income of FICV allocated to them. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the taxable income of FICV allocable to a holder multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual resident in Louisiana. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Limited Partnership Agreement of FICV.”

In connection with our formation transactions, we will enter into a tax receivable agreement with Mosing Holdings. This agreement generally will provide for the payment by FINV of 85% of actual reductions, if any, in payments of U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax (which reductions we refer to as “cash savings”) in periods after this offering as a result of (i) the tax basis increases resulting from the transfer of FICV interests to us in connection with a conversion of shares of Series A preferred stock into shares of our common stock and (ii) imputed interest deemed to be paid by us as a result of, and additional tax basis arising from, any payments we make under the tax receivable agreement. FINV will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these cash savings. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $562.0 million from the sale of the common stock by us in this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) and after deducting estimated expenses payable by us and underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $34.5 million. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to repay in full the outstanding notes payable to FWW, under which there was an aggregate of $443.7 million outstanding as of March 31, 2013. Any remaining net proceeds (including any proceeds attributable to the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock) will be contributed to FICV. FICV will use any such proceeds for general corporate purposes.

The notes payable to FWW each bore interest at a rate of 0.24% per annum as of March 31, 2013. The $320.0 million note is payable on demand, and the $220.0 million note matures in December 2020. The notes payable were issued in order to fund a distribution of $484.0 million to the owners of FINV.

An increase or decrease in the initial public offering price of $1.00 per share of common stock would cause the net proceeds that we will receive from the offering, after deducting estimated expenses and underwriting discounts and commissions, to increase or decrease by approximately $28.3 million.

DIVIDEND POLICY

Following the completion of this offering, we intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.075 per share, or an aggregate of approximately $44.7 million on an annual basis. However, our future dividend policy is within the discretion of our management board, with the approval of our supervisory board, and will depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and investment opportunities. In addition, each share of Series A preferred stock will have a liquidation preference equal to its par value of €0.01 per share and will be entitled to an annual dividend equal to 0.25% of its par value. Based upon the number of Series A preferred shares outstanding upon completion of this offering, this amount would be €1,324 in the aggregate. We will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand and funds received from FICV. FICV’s ability to make distributions to us will depend on many factors, including the performance of our business in the future. In order to make these distributions on our common stock and Series A preferred stock, we expect that FICV will be required to distribute approximately $60.6 million pro rata to holders of FICV interests. This aggregate amount would have represented approximately 20.6% of our pro forma net income and 13.6% of our pro forma Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2012. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Liquidity.”

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of March 31, 2013:

 

   

for Frank’s International; and

 

   

on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the restructuring transactions described in “Organizational Structure” and the sale of 30,000,000 shares of common stock in this offering at the initial public offering price of $20.00 per share (the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses and the application of the net proceeds as set forth in “Use of Proceeds.”

You should read the following table in conjunction with “Organizational Structure,” “Use of Proceeds,” “Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our historical combined financial statements and related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     As of March 31, 2013  
     Frank’s
International
    Pro Forma  
     (in thousands)  

Cash and cash equivalents (1)

   $ 123,392      $ 241,684   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Long-term debt, including current maturities:

    

Lines of credit

   $ 2,000      $ 2,000   

Notes payable—excluding affiliates

     2,981        2,981   

Notes payable—affiliated (2)(3)

     448,838        2,881   

Equipment financing and other(3)

     877        78   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

     454,696        7,940   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Series A preferred stock:

    

Series A preferred stock, €0.01 par value; no shares authorized or issued and outstanding (actual); 52,976,000 shares authorized (as adjusted); 52,976,000 shares issued and outstanding (as adjusted)

     —          689   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Common stock, €0.01 par value; 240,000,000 shares authorized (actual); 48,096,000 shares issued and outstanding (actual); 745,120,000 shares authorized (as adjusted); 149,024,000 shares issued and outstanding (as adjusted)

     803 (4)      1,937   

Additional paid-in capital

     1,409        561,586   

Retained earnings

     491,145        317,677   

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     294        217   

Non-controlling interest (5)

     —          113,007   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     493,651        994,424   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 948,347      $ 1,003,053   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) As of June 30, 2013, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $106.0 million.

 

(2) In 2012, FINV made a non-cash distribution of $484.0 million to its owners in the form of two unsecured promissory notes payable. As of March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013, there was an aggregate of approximately $443.7 million and $415.4 million, respectively outstanding under these notes.

 

(3) In connection with the restructuring transactions described in “Organizational Structure,” certain adjustments have been made to these line items in an aggregate amount of approximately $3.0 million.

 

(4) Represents the common stock of FINV, FII, FCC and FTS. See Note 11 to our audited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

(5) Reflects the portion of FICV that will be owned by Mosing Holdings upon completion of this offering. See “Organizational Structure.”

 

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DILUTION

Purchasers of common stock in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value per share of the common stock for accounting purposes. Our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2013, after giving pro forma effect to the reorganization transactions as described in “Organizational Structure” was approximately $387.7 million, or $1.92 per share of common stock. Pro forma net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our pro forma tangible net worth (tangible assets less total liabilities) by the total number of outstanding shares of common stock that will be outstanding immediately prior to the closing of this offering. After giving pro forma effect to the reorganization transactions as described in “Organizational Structure” and as adjusted for the sale of the shares in this offering and assuming the receipt of the estimated net proceeds (after deducting estimated discounts and expenses of this offering), our adjusted pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2013 would have been approximately $949.7 million, or $4.70 per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $2.78 per share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution (i.e., the difference between the offering price and the adjusted pro forma net tangible book value after this offering) to new investors purchasing shares in this offering of $15.30 per share. The following table illustrates the per share dilution to new investors purchasing shares in this offering (assuming that 100% of our Series A preferred shares have been exchanged for common stock):

 

Assumed initial public offering price per share

   $ 20.00   

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2013 (after giving effect to the reorganization transactions as described in “Organizational Structure”)

     1.92   

Increase per share attributable to new investors in this offering

     2.78   
  

 

 

 

As adjusted pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering

     4.70   
  

 

 

 

Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering

   $ 15.30   
  

 

 

 

The following table summarizes, on an adjusted pro forma basis as of March 31, 2013, the total number of shares of common stock owned by existing shareholders (assuming that 100% of our Series A preferred shares have been exchanged for common stock) and to be owned by the new investors in this offering, the total consideration paid, and the average price per share paid by our existing shareholders and to be paid by the new investors in this offering at $20.00, the midpoint of the range of the initial public offering prices set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, calculated before deduction of estimated discounts and commissions:

 

     Shares Acquired     Total Consideration     Average Price
Per Share
 
     Number      Percent     Amount
(in  thousands)
     Percent    

Existing shareholders

     172,000,000         85   $ 387,716         39   $ 2.25   

New investors in this offering

     30,000,000         15        600,000         61      $ 20.00   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     202,000,000         100   $ 987,716         100   $ 4.89   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease our as adjusted pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2013 by approximately $28.3 million, the as adjusted pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering by $0.14 per share and the dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering by $0.86 per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

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SELECTED HISTORICAL COMBINED AND UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA

The following table shows selected historical combined financial data of Frank’s International as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. The selected historical financial data as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 are derived from our audited historical combined financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected historical financial data as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are derived from our audited historical combined financial statements and related notes thereto that are not included in this prospectus. The summary historical combined financial data presented as of March 31, 2013 and for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2013 are derived from the unaudited historical combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Under the combined method of accounting, the historical consolidated financial statements of FINV, FII, FCC, and FTS and their wholly owned subsidiaries are combined as if Frank’s International operated as a single entity. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated for purposes of preparing these combined financial statements.

The selected unaudited pro forma financial data presented below has been derived by the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical combined financial statements of Frank’s International included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected unaudited pro forma financial data for the year ended December 31, 2012 and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2013 give effect to our reorganization in connection with this offering as described in “Organizational Structure” and the use of the estimated net proceeds from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds” as if all such transactions had occurred on January 1, 2012, in the case of the unaudited pro forma statement of operations, and on March 31, 2013, in the case of the unaudited pro forma balance sheet.

 

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You should read these tables in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which includes a discussion of factors materially affecting the comparability of the information presented, “Organizational Structure” and our historical and pro forma financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our selected unaudited pro forma financial data is presented for informational purposes only. The pro forma adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that we believe are reasonable. Our selected unaudited pro forma financial data does not purport to represent what our results of operations or financial position would have been if we operated as a public company during the period presented and may not be indicative of our future performance.

 

                FINV  
    Frank’s International     Pro Forma  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Three  Months
Ended
March  31,
2013
 
    2008     2009     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013      

Statements of income data (in thousands):

                 

Revenues:

                 

Equipment rentals and services

  $ 572,160      $ 428,476      $ 490,902      $ 613,541      $ 880,084      $ 203,755      $ 205,878      $ 878,938      $ 205,643   

Products

    152,163        89,307        117,306        125,534        175,841        36,773        30,882        175,841        30,882   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenues

    724,323        517,783        608,208        739,075        1,055,925        240,528        236,760        1,054,779        236,525   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

                 

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization

                 

Equipment rentals and services

    200,624        161,920        222,345        256,515        314,950        72,731        75,781        314,950        75,781   

Products

    168,278        102,694        70,697        76,368        119,527        24,184        18,019        119,527        18,019   

General and administrative expenses

    112,288        113,851        134,449        160,506        187,033        41,608        44,145        188,409        45,434   

Depreciation and amortization

    39,013        45,769        48,197        54,581        66,215        15,424        17,783        64,148        17,364   

Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets

    —          9,438        —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

    (364     (16     (164     (47     (2,608     195        23        (2,608     23   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

    204,484        84,127        132,684        191,152        370,808        86,386        81,009        370,353        79,904   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

                 

Other income

    5,192        4,972        3,906        3,786        12,189        670        2,127        12,189        2,127   

Interest income (expense), net

    (2,584     (1,840     (1,658     (655     264        260        (201     1,038        83   

Impairment of investment

    (3,797     —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Foreign currency gain (loss)

    (8,648     559        (1,930     (3,209     (450     2,626        (3,587     (450     (3,587
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

    (9,837     3,691        318        (78     12,003        3,556        (1,661     12,777        (1,377
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income tax

    194,647        87,818        133,002        191,074        382,811        89,942        79,348        383,130        78,527   

Income tax expense

    22,006        13,340        14,601        20,287        31,877        7,687        6,303        89,569        17,834   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

    172,641        74,478        118,401        170,787        350,934        82,255        73,045        293,561        60,693   

Non-controlling interest

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          (92,059     (18,915
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Frank’s International

    172,641        74,478        118,401        170,787        350,934        82,255        73,045        201,502        41,778   

Preferred stock dividends

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          (2     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to common stockholders

  $ 172,641      $ 74,478      $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255      $ 73,045      $ 201,500      $ 41,778   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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                FINV  
    Frank’s International     Pro Forma  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Three  Months
Ended
March  31,
2013
 
    2008     2009     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013      

Balance sheet data (as of period end) (in thousands):

                 

Total assets

  $ 661,740      $ 649,915      $ 710,543      $ 847,500      $ 1,107,961        $ 1,129,318        $ 1,184,022   

Long-term debt—excluding affiliates

    71,011        57,108        46,579        9,204        7,368         
5,858
  
      5,059   

Long-term debt—affiliate(1)

    978        810        907        3,618        469,268         
448,838
  
      2,881   

Total liabilities(2)

    179,136        165,608        174,530        180,372        660,973          635,667          189,598   

Total stockholders’ equity

    482,604        484,307        536,013        667,128        446,988          493,651          994,424   

Other financial data (in thousands):

                 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 209,603      $ 141,444      $ 163,414      $ 180,710      $ 344,776      $ 78,669      $ 50,664       

Net cash used in investing activities

    (83,509     (64,520     (69,130     (126,655     (182,533     (47,541     (42,014    

Net cash used in financing activities

    (109,394     (92,834     (79,261     (71,874     (107,210     (14,742     (44,235    

Adjusted EBITDA(3) (unaudited)

    248,325        144,290        184,623        249,472        446,604        102,675        100,942      $ 444,802      $ 99,418   

 

(1) In 2012, FINV made a non-cash distribution of $484.0 million to its owners of FINV in the form of two unsecured promissory notes payable. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, there was an aggregate of approximately $464.0 million and $443.7 million, respectively, outstanding under these notes.

 

(2) Includes Series A preferred stock.

 

(3) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our net income, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measure” below.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management and external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before net interest income or expense, depreciation and amortization, income tax benefit or expense, asset impairments, gain or loss on sale of assets, foreign currency gain or loss and other non-cash adjustments. We define Adjusted EBITDA margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenues. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of net income or cash flows as determined by U.S. GAAP.

Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. We exclude the items listed above from net income in arriving at Adjusted EBITDA because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin have limited use as analytical tools and should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, operating income, net income or cash flows from operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP or as an indicator of our operating performance or liquidity. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing a company’s financial performance, such as a company’s cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of Adjusted EBITDA. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. We believe that

 

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Adjusted EBITDA is a widely followed measure of operating performance and may also be used by investors to measure our ability to meet debt service requirements.

 

          FINV  
    Frank’s International     Pro Forma  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
2012
    Three
Months
Ended

March 31,
2013
 
    2008     2009     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013      

Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation (in thousands):

                 

Net income

  $ 172,641      $ 74,478      $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255      $ 73,045      $ 293,561      $ 60,693   

Interest (income) expense, net

    2,584        1,840        1,658        655        (264     (260     201        (1,038     (83

Depreciation and amortization

    39,013        45,769        48,197        54,581        66,215        15,424        17,783        64,148        17,364   

Income tax expense

    22,006        13,340        14,601        20,287        31,877        7,687        6,303        89,569        17,834   

Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets

    —          9,438        —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Impairment of investment

    3,797        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

    (364     (16     ( 4     (47     (2,608     195        23        (2,608     23   

Foreign currency (gain) loss

    8,648        (559     1,930        3,209        450        (2,626     3,587        450        3,587   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 248,325      $ 144,290      $ 184,623      $ 249,472      $ 446,604      $ 102,675      $ 100,942      $ 444,802      $ 99,418   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Investors should read the following information together with “Prospectus Summary—Summary Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data,” “Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data” and the financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, including those described under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. The financial information contained in the following discussion is based on our audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, the unaudited financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2013 and the unaudited pro forma financial information for the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013.

Overview

We are a 75 year-old, industry-leading global provider of highly engineered tubular services to the oil and gas industry. We provide our services to leading exploration and production companies in both offshore and onshore environments, with a focus on complex and technically demanding wells. We believe that we are one of the largest global providers of tubular services to the oil and gas industry.

We conduct our business through three operating segments:

 

   

International Services. We currently provide our services in approximately 60 countries on six continents. Our customers in these international markets are primarily large exploration and production companies, including integrated oil and gas companies and national oil and gas companies, with a significant focus on complex, high profile projects. Our International Services segment accounted for approximately 49% and 50%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013. Approximately 82% and 83%, respectively, of our revenue from external customers in this segment was generated in offshore markets in 2012 and the first three months of 2013, the significant majority of which was from deep water markets.

 

   

U.S. Services. Approximately 51% and 63%, respectively, of our 2012 and first quarter 2013 U.S. Services segment revenue from external customers was generated in the technically challenging deep water areas of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, we have a significant presence in almost all of the active onshore oil and gas drilling regions in the U.S., including the Permian Basin, Bakken Shale, Barnett Shale, Eagle Ford Shale, Haynesville Shale, Marcellus Shale and Utica Shale. Our U.S. Services segment accounted for approximately 45% and 42%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

 

   

Pipe and Products. We also design and manufacture certain products that we sell or rent directly to external customers, including large OD pipe connectors and casing attachments. We also provide specialized fabrication and welding services in support of deep water projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, including drilling and production risers, flowlines and pipeline end terminations, as well as long length tubulars (up to 300 feet in length) for use as caissons or pilings. Finally, we distribute large OD pipe manufactured by third parties. A significant majority of our sales to external customers occur in deep water markets. Our Pipe and Products segment accounted for approximately 6% and 8%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

How We Generate Our Revenue

A significant majority of our services revenues are derived primarily from two sources:

 

   

personnel rates for our specially trained employees who perform tubular services for our customers; and

 

   

rental rates for the suite of products and equipment that our employees use to perform tubular services.

 

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In addition, our customers typically reimburse us for transportation costs that we incur in connection with transporting our products and equipment from our staging areas to the customers’ job sites.

In contrast, our Pipe and Products revenues are derived from sales of certain products, including large OD pipe connectors, casing attachments and large OD pipe manufactured by third parties, directly to external customers.

As described below under “—U.S. Services,” we have some exposure to footage-based rates and blended (one for both personnel and equipment) rates in our U.S. Services segment for certain onshore regions, but we do not have any meaningful exposure to fixed price contracts in either of our services segments. We believe that our lack of exposure to the market risk associated with fixed price contracts is an important component of our profitability.

International Services

In our International Services segment, we typically enter into contracts with our customers relating to the provision of tubular services for multiple wells, with terms ranging from three to five years. Though these contracts are usually terminable on 60 days’ notice, the frequency with which such contracts are terminated is typically limited by the time and expense required for customers to change service providers, including the cost of transporting equipment and personnel to remote international locations. Many of our international services arrangements provide for up to 180 days’ notice to us prior to the commencement of a project. Due to the high costs associated with drilling offshore wells, minimum government commitments for international oil companies to retain leases, the extent of well construction planning required to design and secure manufactured materials and the other logistical challenges of operating in many foreign countries, the market for international services is usually less susceptible to short-term fluctuations in demand as compared to our services provided in the U.S.

In a typical international arrangement, we provide our customers with a package of equipment which is dedicated to the customers’ rig. We also assign dedicated, specialized personnel to the customers’ rig. For certain large projects, this may include multiple crews that can rotate shifts during the provision of tubular services. During the time that our equipment is in use, we charge our customers full working personnel and rental rates, and we may also charge the customer a lower, standby rate for the time the equipment is dedicated to the customer but not in use. Given the long-term nature of our international projects, a large portion of the personnel and equipment rates charged to customers are monthly rates. More than 75% of our International Services revenue during each of 2012 and the first three months of 2013 were denominated in U.S. dollars.

In areas where we can access equipment that is located in the U.S., such as Latin America, we sometimes provide services on a callout basis, where we would be required to perform tubular services on shorter notice. The rates that we charge under callout arrangements are typically higher than standby rates, and we are able to use and rent the same equipment to multiple customers in a given time period, allowing us to complete more jobs for a greater number of customers.

U.S. Services

In contrast to our International Services, our customer contracts in the U.S. Services segment are typically managed on a well-by-well basis. In addition, though we are able to charge day rates for products and equipment in our U.S. Gulf of Mexico operations, the standby periods are typically much shorter than those provided for in our International Service contracts. Services in our U.S. Services segment are usually performed on a callout basis, where we are required to arrive at a customers’ site within a matter of days.

The typical U.S. Services arrangement relates to a specific tubular service project for a particular well. Moreover, the casing and tubing portions of a project may be tendered for and awarded separately. Given the shorter-term nature of our U.S. projects, the rates charged to customers are hourly rates for personnel and day rates for equipment. Rather than being on standby for potentially long periods of time, our employees and equipment in

 

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the U.S. Services segment instead typically make discrete trips, as necessary to the customer’s well site to perform the tubular services. As a result, our standby revenue is significantly lower in onshore and offshore portions of our U.S. Services segment as compared to our International Services segment. Although we generate lower standby revenues than in our International Services segment, we seek to optimize utilization of our personnel and equipment to allow us to earn full working rates on as many jobs for as many customers as possible.

In comparison to our International Services segment, we face a much larger number of small, regional competitors in the U.S. As a consequence, the bidding process is much more competitive. In order to be awarded certain projects, we sometimes enter into other contractual arrangements, including:

 

   

blended rate arrangements, where we charge one hourly rate for both the required equipment and the personnel necessary to complete the project; or

 

   

footage-based rate arrangements.

Contracts and Liability

Most of our services are performed pursuant to master service agreements that we have entered into with our customers. We have maintained master service agreements with Chevron, BP, Shell, Exxon Mobil and other customers for over 20 years. We strive to negotiate the terms of these and our other contracts to be consistent with what we consider to be best practices. The general industry practice is for oilfield service providers, like us, to be responsible for their own products and services and for our customers to retain liability for drilling and related operations. Consistent with this practice, we generally take responsibility for our own people and property, while our customers, such as the operator of a well, take responsibility for their own people, property and all liabilities related to the well and subsurface operations, regardless of either party’s negligence. In general, any material limitations on indemnifications to us from our customers in support of this allocation of responsibility arise only by applicable statutes. More recently, certain of our customers have begun to move more toward fault-based approaches for liability and indemnity.

Certain states in which we operate, such as Texas, Louisiana, Wyoming, and New Mexico, have enacted oil and gas specific statutes that void any indemnity agreement that attempts to relieve a party from liability resulting from its own negligence (“anti-indemnity statutes”). These statutes can void the allocation of liability agreed to in a contract; however, both the Texas and Louisiana anti-indemnity statutes include important exclusions. The Louisiana statute does not apply to property damage, and the Texas statute allows mutual indemnity agreements that are supported by insurance and has exclusions, which include, among other things, loss or liability for property damage that results from pollution and the cost of control of a wild well.

How We Evaluate Our Operations

We manage our business through three operating segments. We have focused on implementing financial reporting and controls in our operations to increase the availability of critical information necessary to support informed decision making. We use a number of financial and operational measures to routinely analyze and evaluate the performance of our business, including the following:

 

   

revenue;

 

   

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin; and

 

   

safety performance.

Revenue

We analyze our revenue growth by comparing actual monthly revenue to our internal projections for each month to assess our performance. We also assess incremental changes in our monthly revenue across our operating segments to identify potential areas for improvement. Our revenue for the three months ended

 

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March 31, 2013 decreased $3.8 million, or 2%, from our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012. Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $316.9 million, or 43%, from our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011. Similarly, our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $130.9 million, or 22%, from our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before net interest income or expense, depreciation and amortization, income tax benefit or expense, asset impairments, gain or loss on sale of assets, foreign currency gain or loss and other non-cash adjustments. Adjusted EBITDA margin reflects our Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of our revenues. We review Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin on both a combined basis and on a segment basis. We use Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin to assess our financial performance because it allows us to compare our operating performance on a consistent basis across periods by removing the effects of our capital structure (such as varying levels of interest expense), asset base (such as depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management team (such as income tax rates). We present Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin on a combined basis and on a segment basis because we believe they provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business as compared to measures calculated under GAAP alone.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income, cash flow from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with GAAP. Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Our Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2013 decreased by $1.7 million, or 2%, from our Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and our Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $197.1 million, or 79%, from our Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2011. Our Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $64.8 million, or 35%, from our Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended March 31, 2013 remained constant compared to the three months ended March 31, 2012 and our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by 25% from our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the year ended December 31, 2011. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by 11% from our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the year ended December 31, 2010.

For further discussion, including a reconciliation of our combined Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, see “Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” For a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA on a segment basis to the most comparable measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, see “—Operating Segment Results.”

Safety Performance

Maintaining a strong safety record is a critical component of our operational success. Many of our larger customers have safety standards we must satisfy before we can perform services for them. We continually monitor our safety culture through the use of employee safety surveys and trend analysis, and we modify existing programs or develop new programs according to the data obtained therefrom. We measure safety by tracking the total recordable incident rate (“TRIR”) and the lost time incident rate (“LTIR”), which are reviewed on both a monthly and rolling twelve-month basis. TRIR is a measure of the rate of recordable workplace injuries, defined below, normalized and stated on the basis of 100 workers for an annual period. The factor is derived by multiplying the number of recordable injuries in a calendar year by the number of employee hours worked per year (i.e., the total hours for the number of full-time equivalent employees multiplied by 2,000 hours per year) and dividing this value by the total hours actually worked in the year. A recordable injury includes occupational

 

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death, nonfatal occupational illness and other occupational injuries that involve loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, transfer to another project, or medical treatment other than first aid. LTIR is a measure of the frequency of incidents, such as injuries, per 200,000 man hours. LTIR is calculated by multiplying the total number of lost time cases under the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) by 200,000, and dividing that number by the total number of man hours worked by a specific group of employees. The table below presents our worldwide TRIR and LTIR for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
       2010          2011          2012    

TRIR

     2.03         2.15         1.89   

LTIR

     0.53         0.73         0.50   

Key Drivers Affecting our Results of Operations

Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by numerous factors, including those described above in “Risk Factors,” elsewhere in this prospectus and those described below:

 

   

General level of drilling activity. Demand for our services depends primarily upon the capital spending of oil and gas companies and the level of drilling activity in the U.S. and internationally. Higher activity levels can lead to greater utilization of our equipment and personnel by our customers. Because a large portion of our costs are fixed, our Adjusted EBITDA margins typically improve when more of our resources are commercially deployed.

 

   

Impact of service mix. Generally, offshore projects are more complex than onshore projects, and we typically have a greater opportunity to differentiate our capabilities compared to our competitors. Consequently, our revenue and profit opportunity per well is greater when offshore services are a relatively larger component of our revenue than onshore services. Similarly, because our equipment costs are typically fixed while our personnel costs are typically variable, our profit opportunity per well is greater when equipment rental is a larger component of a customer invoice relative to the personnel costs.

 

   

Size and complexity of projects. Our revenue and profit opportunity per well is higher for more complex wells. Onshore, our revenue and profit potential is greatest for horizontal shale wells with extended laterals. Offshore, our revenue and profit potential is greatest for deep wells with multiple casing strings and casing diameters.

 

   

Timing of projects. Our results of operations in a particular period can be impacted by the timing of the start-up and completion of large projects, particularly international offshore projects where we bill our customers a monthly rate for our personnel and equipment and our standby availability.

General Trends and Outlook

We believe the long-term outlook for the tubular services businesses is favorable. For a more fulsome description of the trends in our industry, see “Business—Industry—Trends in the Industry.”

Factors Affecting Comparability of Historical Financial Results

Our pro forma results of operations and our future results of operations may not be comparable to our historical results of operations for the periods presented, primarily for the reasons described below:

 

   

The historical combined financial statements included in this prospectus are based on the financial statements of Frank’s International, prior to our reorganization in connection with this offering as described in “Organizational Structure.” For example, in connection with the reorganization, Mosing Holdings will cause our U.S. operating subsidiaries to distribute certain assets that generate a de minimis amount of revenue, including aircraft, real estate and life insurance policies and associated accounts receivable. Accordingly, these assets will not be contributed to FICV in connection with the

 

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reorganization. As a result, we intend to enter into real estate lease agreements with customary terms for continued use of the real estate, under which we will incur additional rental expense of approximately $3.8 million per year. In addition, we will enter into an aviation services agreement with customary terms for continued use of the aircraft, under which we will incur additional charter service expense of approximately $1.1 million per year. As a result, the historical financial data may not give you an accurate indication of what our actual results would have been if the transactions described in “Organizational Structure” had been completed at the beginning of the periods presented or of what our future results of operations are likely to be.

 

   

The tax receivable agreement generally will provide for the payment by FINV of 85% of actual reductions, if any, in payments of U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax (which reductions we refer to as “cash savings”) in periods after this offering as a result of (i) the tax basis increases resulting from the transfer of FICV interests to us in connection with a conversion of shares of Series A preferred stock into shares of our common stock and (ii) imputed interest deemed to be paid by FINV as a result of, and additional tax basis arising from, payments under the tax receivable agreement. In addition, the tax receivable agreement will provide for interest earned from the due date (without extensions) of the corresponding tax return to the date of payment specified by the tax receivable agreement. We will record 85% of the estimated tax benefit as an increase to amounts payable under the tax receivable agreement as a liability. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

 

   

We expect that our general and administrative (“G&A”) expenses will increase as a result of this offering. Specifically, we will incur certain expenses related to being a publicly traded company, including expenses to comply with reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), expenses associated with Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance, expenses associated with listing on the NYSE, independent auditors fees, legal fees, investor relations expenses, registrar and transfer agent fees, director and officer liability insurance costs and director compensation.

 

   

As described in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Components of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Plan,” concurrently with this offering, we expect to grant restricted stock units to certain of our officers and employees valued at an aggregate of $78 million under our LTIP. It is expected that the initial restricted stock unit awards to our CEO and our Named Executive Officers (as well as our other executive officers and our employees serving as first-level vice presidents) will vest 20% per year over the first three years, with the remaining 40% vesting on March 31, 2017. We expect that the initial restricted stock unit awards to our other officers and employees will vest ratably over a three-year period. Accordingly, assuming they all vest in accordance with their vesting schedule, this grant of restricted stock units will result in a charge to our income statement of $20.3 million in each of 2014, 2015 and 2016 and $17.0 million in 2017. Although we have not historically paid equity compensation, we expect that, going forward, equity will comprise a portion of our compensation program. We cannot, however, predict the amount of future equity awards or the effect of any potential equity awards on our overall compensation structure, and, as a result, cannot accurately predict the effects of future equity compensation on our financial statements or future results of operations.

Our future results will depend on our ability to efficiently manage our combined operations and execute our business strategy.

 

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Historical Financial and Operating Data

The following table presents our combined results for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2010     2011     2012     2012      2013  

Revenues:

           

Equipment rentals and services

   $ 490,902      $ 613,541      $ 880,084      $ 203,755       $ 205,878   

Products(1)

     117,306        125,534        175,841        36,773         30,882   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenues

     608,208        739,075        1,055,925        240,528         236,760   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

           

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization

           

Equipment rentals and services

     222,345        256,515        314,950        72,731         75,781   

Products

     70,697        76,368        119,527        24,184         18,019   

General and administrative expenses

     134,449        160,506        187,033        41,608         44,145   

Depreciation and amortization

     48,197        54,581        66,215        15,424         17,783   

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

     (164     (47     (2,608     195         23   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating income

     132,684        191,152        370,808        86,386         81,009   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

           

Other income

     3,906        3,786        12,189        670         2,127   

Interest income (expense), net

     (1,658     (655     264        260         (201

Foreign currency gain (loss)

     (1,930     (3,209     (450     2,626         (3,587
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

     318        (78     12,003        3,556         (1,661
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income before income tax expense

     133,002        191,074        382,811        89,942         79,348   

Income tax expense

     14,601        20,287        31,877        7,687         6,303   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255       $ 73,045   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Combined products revenue includes a small amount of revenues attributable to the U.S. Services and International Services segments.

Combined Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2012

Revenues. Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2013 decreased by $3.8 million, or 2%, to $236.7 million from $240.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The decrease was primarily due to lower external revenues of $5.9 million in our Pipe and Products segment, which was negatively affected by the BSEE’s temporary shut-down of more than 20 rigs in the Gulf of Mexico in February 2013 in order for operators to replace bolts in subsea equipment that had been determined by regulators to be defective. Partially offsetting this decrease was an increase in external revenues of $1.4 million in our International Services segment.

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2013 decreased by $3.1 million, or 3%, to $93.8 million from $96.9 million for the three months

 

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ended March 31, 2012. The decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in pipe inventory and equipment rentals resulting from the decrease in drilling activity described above.

General and administrative expenses. G&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2013 increased by $2.5 million, or 6%, to $44.1 million from $41.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 primarily due to an increase in bad debt expense of $1.5 million related to a customer in Venezuela and compensation related costs of $1.5 million.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2013 increased by $2.4 million, or 15%, to $17.8 million from $15.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase was primarily attributable to assets placed in service in the last nine months of 2012 and in the first quarter of 2013.

Other income. Other income for the three months ended March 31, 2013 increased by $1.4 million, or 217%, to $2.1 million from $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 due to a value added tax refund related to prior periods.

Foreign currency (gain) loss. Foreign currency loss for the three months ended March 31, 2013 increased by $6.2 million, or 237%, to a $3.6 million loss from a $2.6 million gain for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The increase in foreign currency loss was due to unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and a $1.8 million charge related to the devaluation of the Venezuelan Bolivar in the first quarter of 2013. See Note 1 to our unaudited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2013 decreased by $1.4 million, or 18%, to $6.3 million from $7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012. We are subject to many U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions and many tax agreements and treaties among the various taxing authorities. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various bases such as income before taxes, deemed profits (which is generally determined using a percentage of revenues rather than profits), and withholding taxes based on revenues; consequently, the relationship between our pre-tax income or loss from operations and our income tax benefit or provision varies from period to period.

Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011

Revenues. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $316.8 million, or 43%, to $1,055.9 million from $739.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to higher revenues of $163.3 million and $52.0 million from our U.S. Services and Pipe and Products segments, respectively, as the demand continued to increase after the repeal of the Macondo-related drilling moratorium. Increased activity levels in our International Services segment comprised approximately $103.3 million of the increase.

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $101.6 million, or 31%, to $434.5 million from $332.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in the cost of products, equipment rentals and services ($73.0 million) and compensation-related costs ($28.6 million) due to the aforementioned increase in drilling activity.

General and administrative expenses. G&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $26.5 million, or 17%, to $187.0 million from $160.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase supported the growth in our business, and as a result of such growth, we experienced approximately $22.7 million in higher compensation related costs.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $11.6 million, or 21%, to $66.2 million from $54.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to increased capital expenditures during 2011 and 2012.

 

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Other income. Other income for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $8.4 million, or 222%, to $12.2 million from $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was due to a $4.0 million gain on the exchange of an investment and $4.9 million in death benefit proceeds from the passing of a related party.

Interest income (expense), net. Interest income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $0.9 million, or 140%, to $0.3 million of income from $0.6 million of expense for the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase was due to an increase in interest income and a decrease in interest expense due to lower borrowing levels.

Foreign currency loss. Foreign currency loss for the year ended December 31, 2012 decreased by $2.7 million, or 86%, to $0.5 million from $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The decrease in foreign currency loss was due to favorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased by $11.6 million, or 57%, to $31.9 million from $20.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. We are subject to many U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions and many tax agreements and treaties among the various taxing authorities. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various bases such as income before taxes, deemed profits (which is generally determined using a percentage of revenues rather than profits), and withholding taxes based on revenues; consequently, the relationship between our pre-tax income or loss from operations and our income tax benefit or provision varies from period to period.

Year Ended December 31, 2011 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2010

Revenues. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $130.9 million, or 22%, to $739.1 million from $608.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to higher revenues of $76.1 million from increased drilling activity by customers in our International Services segment. Our U.S. Services segment contributed $45.0 million to the increase as permitting activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico started to rise following the repeal of the Macondo-related drilling moratorium in October 2010.

Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $39.9 million, or 14%, to $332.9 million from $293.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in the costs of products, equipment rentals and services ($13.1 million) and compensation-related costs ($26.7 million) due to the aforementioned increase in drilling activity.

General and administrative expenses. G&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $26.1 million, or 19%, to $160.5 million from $134.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase in G&A expenses included higher benefits and compensation-related costs ($6.8 million), taxes ($5.4 million) and bad debt expense ($2.1 million).

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $6.4 million, or 13%, to $54.6 million from $48.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to increased capital expenditures during 2011.

Interest income (expense), net. Interest income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2011 decreased by $1.0 million, or 60%, to $0.6 million from $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The decrease was due to lower borrowing levels, primarily driven by our improved cash levels.

Foreign currency loss. Foreign currency loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $1.3 million, or 66%, to $3.2 million from $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. The increase in foreign currency loss was due to unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

 

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Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2011 increased by $5.7 million, or 39%, to $20.3 million from $14.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. We are subject to many U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions and many tax agreements and treaties among the various taxing authorities. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various bases such as income before taxes, deemed profits (which is generally determined using a percentage of revenues rather than profits), and withholding taxes based on revenues; consequently, the relationship between our pre-tax income or loss from continuing operations and our income tax benefit or provision varies from period to period.

Operating Segment Results

The following table presents revenues and Adjusted EBITDA by segment, and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, which is the most comparable GAAP financial measure (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013  

Revenues:

          

International Services

   $ 289,597      $ 366,106      $ 469,464      $ 109,538      $ 111,303   

U.S. Services

     231,913        277,286        444,568        101,369        102,722   

Pipe and Products

     126,196        147,335        214,686        45,299        45,004   

Intersegment purchases

     (39,498     (51,652     (72,793     (15,678     (22,269
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

   $ 608,208      $ 739,075      $ 1,055,925      $ 240,528      $ 236,760   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013  

Segment Adjusted EBITDA:

          

International Services

   $ 118,487      $ 153,064      $ 219,199      $ 51,815      $ 49,959   

U.S. Services

     36,417        72,141        199,397        44,610        42,794   

Pipe and Products

     29,731        24,267        28,038        6,259        8,337   

Corporate and other (1)

     (12     —          (30     (9     (148
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA Total

     184,623        249,472        446,604        102,675        100,942   

Interest income (expense), net

     (1,658     (655     264        260        (201

Income tax expense

     (14,601     (20,287     (31,877     (7,687     (6,303

Depreciation and amortization

     (48,197     (54,581     (66,215     (15,424     (17,783

Gain (loss) on sale of assets

     164        47        2,608        (195     (23

Foreign currency gain (loss)

     (1,930     (3,209     (450     2,626        (3,587
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 118,401      $ 170,787      $ 350,934      $ 82,255      $ 73,045   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Corporate and other represents amounts not directly associated with an operating segment.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2012

International Services

Revenue for the International Services segment increased by $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 1.6%, compared to the same period in 2012, primarily as a result of increased service volume due to additional contracts and increased demand for our services from existing customers in our West Africa region.

Adjusted EBITDA for the International Services segment decreased by $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 3.6%, compared to the same period in 2012, primarily due to the purchase of centralizers for resale ($0.4 million), additional bad debt expense ($1.5 million) and an increase in management fees ($0.9 million), partially offset by the $1.8 million increase in revenue described above.

 

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U.S. Services

Revenue for the U.S. Services segment increased by $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 1%, compared to the same period in 2012 primarily due to $13.1 million of higher offshore services provided on production platforms. This increase was substantially offset by an $11.7 million decrease as a result of an 11% decline in average onshore rig counts in areas in which we operate.

Adjusted EBITDA for the U.S. Services segment decreased by $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2012 primarily as a result of increases in cost of revenues and G&A of approximately $2.3 million related to contract labor, insurance and compensation. Partially offsetting this decrease was the increase in U.S. Services segment revenue described above.

Pipe and Products

Revenue for the Pipe and Products segment remained relatively constant, decreasing by $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 0.7%, compared to the same period in 2012. Included in this decrease are lower revenues of $5.9 million in our pipe sales resulting from the temporary shut-down of more than 20 Gulf of Mexico rigs during February 2013, partially offset by an increase in sales of approximately $5.7 million to our International Services and U.S. Services segments from our manufacturing component.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Pipe and Products segment increased by $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or 33.2%, compared to the same period in 2012 due primarily to decreases in the cost of pipe.

Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011

International Services

Revenue for the International Services segment increased by $103.4 million, or 28%, compared to 2011, primarily as a result of additional contracts and increased demand for our services from existing customers in our Europe, Far East and Africa regions of approximately $56.7 million. In Latin America, we experienced an increase in tubular services performed on a callout basis of approximately $14.0 million. The remainder of the decrease is attributable to increased demand from our other international regions.

Adjusted EBITDA for the International Services segment increased by $66.1 million, or 43%, compared to 2011, primarily as a result of the $103.4 million revenue increase described above. Partially offsetting this increase were higher freight, transportation and repairs and maintenance expenses as demand for our services in the deep water offshore markets increased. The number of employees in the International Services segment increased 19% in 2012 compared to 2011 which initiated higher compensation related costs of approximately $24.5 million.

U.S. Services

Revenue for the U.S. Services segment increased by $167.3 million, or 60%, compared to 2011 primarily as a result of increased services volume due to increased permit activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico following the October 2010 repeal of the Macondo-related drilling moratorium.

Adjusted EBITDA for the U.S. Services segment increased by $127.3 million, or 176%, compared to 2011 primarily as a result of the $167.3 million revenue increase described above and an increase in other income of $9.1 million. Partially offsetting this increase was a $23.4 million increase in cost of revenues in 2012 due to increases in product costs and salaries and wages. G&A expenses increased $25.7 million in 2012 due primarily to higher compensation related to the increase in employees in the segment.

 

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Pipe and Products

Revenue for the Pipe and Products segment increased by $67.3 million, or 46%, compared to 2011 primarily as a result of increased permit activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico following the October 2010 repeal of the Macondo-related drilling moratorium. Increased sales with U.S. customers of approximately $40.2 million and an increase in activity in our international markets of approximately $16.8 million also contributed to the increase.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Pipe and Products segment increased by $3.8 million, or 16%, compared to 2011 primarily as a result of the $67.3 million revenue increase described above. Partially offsetting this increase was an increase in cost of revenues including higher materials costs of approximately $49.3 million and higher direct labor costs of approximately $7.8 million. In addition, G&A expenses increased approximately $3.3 million due to higher compensation related costs.

Year Ended December 31, 2011 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2010

International Services

Revenue for the International Services segment increased by $76.5 million, or 26%, compared to 2010 primarily as a result of additional demand for our services from existing major customers in all regions of approximately $46.7 million and new contracts in Latin America of approximately $26.0 million.

Adjusted EBITDA for the International Services segment increased by $34.6 million, or 29%, compared to 2010 primarily as a result of the $76.5 million revenue increase described above. Partially offsetting this increase was an increase in compensation related costs of approximately $19.2 million as a result of a larger workforce in the segment as well as other operating costs of $11.0 million related to the increase in activity.

U.S. Services

Revenue for the U.S. Services segment increased by $45.4 million, or 20%, compared to 2010 due primarily to an increase in rig count from 2010 to 2011 as permitting activity in the Gulf of Mexico began to rise following the repeal of the Macondo related drilling moratorium.

Adjusted EBITDA for the U.S. Services segment increased by $35.7 million, or 98%, compared to 2010 primarily as a result of the $45.4 million increase in revenue described above. Partially offsetting this increase was an increase in compensation-related expenses of $12.2 million.

Pipe and Products

Revenue for the Pipe and Products segment increased by $21.1 million, or 17%, compared to 2010 primarily as a result of increased permit activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico following the October 2010 repeal of the Macondo-related drilling moratorium.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Pipe and Products segment decreased by $5.5 million, or 18%, compared to 2010 due primarily to an increase in materials costs and manufacturing costs of approximately $18.3 million and higher G&A compensation related costs of approximately $6.7 million partially offset by the $21.1 million increase in revenue described above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity to date have been intra-company borrowings, borrowings under our credit facilities and cash flows from operations. Our primary uses of capital have been for organic growth capital expenditures and acquisitions. We continually monitor potential capital sources, including equity and debt financing, in order to meet our investment and target liquidity requirements.

 

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Our total 2013 capital expenditure budget is $200.3 million, of which $164.0 million is for the purchase and manufacture of equipment and $36.3 million is for the purchase or construction of facilities. Our 2013 capital expenditure budget does not include any provision for acquisitions. While we have budgeted $200.3 million for the year ending December 31, 2013, the actual amount of capital expenditures for the manufacture of equipment may fluctuate based on market conditions. During the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, we invested $180.2 million and $40.5 million, respectively, in capital expenditures, which was funded from internally generated funds. We believe the remaining net proceeds from this offering after repayment in full of the notes payable to FWW, together with cash flows from operations and additional borrowings under our credit facilities, should be sufficient to fund our capital expenditure requirements for the remainder of 2013.

The limited partnership agreement of FICV provides for distributions to be made on a pro rata basis to the holders of FICV interests (which holders, as of the completion of the offering, will consist of Mosing Holdings and FINV) for purposes of funding the holders’ tax obligations with respect to the income of FICV allocated to them. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the taxable income of FICV allocable to a holder of FICV interests multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual resident in Louisiana.

Following the completion of this offering, we intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.075 per share, or an aggregate of approximately $44.7 million on an annual basis. However, our future dividend policy is within the discretion of our management board, with the approval of our supervisory board, and will depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and investment opportunities. No dividends on our common stock will accrue in arrears. In addition, each share of Series A preferred stock will have a liquidation preference equal to its par value of €0.01 per share and will be entitled to an annual dividend equal to 0.25% of its par value. Based upon the number of Series A preferred shares outstanding upon completion of this offering, this amount would be €1,324 in the aggregate. We will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand and funds received from FICV. FICV’s ability to make distributions to us will depend on many factors, including the performance of our business in the future. In order to make these distributions on our common stock and Series A preferred stock, we expect that FICV will be required to distribute approximately $60.6 million pro rata to holders of FICV interests. This aggregate amount would have represented approximately 20.6% of our pro forma net income and 13.6% of our pro forma Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Because we expect that the tax distribution to us from FICV will exceed our actual tax liabilities, we intend to use a portion of that distribution to fund part of our expected dividend. Any remaining cash needed to pay the dividend would be funded out of additional discretionary distributions from FICV, which are in our control subject to the availability of sufficient liquidity. Though we have not historically paid a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock, we have paid substantial tax and other distributions to our equity owners, including in the form of notes payable to FWW, on a relatively frequent basis. We believe that our historical cash flows would have been, and our expected future cash flows will be, sufficient to fund the amount of our expected future dividend on our common stock. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Limited Partnership Agreement of FICV.”

In addition, in the future, we expect to make payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement that we intend to enter into with Mosing Holdings in connection with this offering, but we do not expect any such payments will have a material impact on our liquidity. We have the ability to elect to defer payments (which would accrue interest) to the extent we have not received sufficient cash distributions from FICV to satisfy our obligations thereunder, except in the case of an acceleration of payments thereunder occurring in connection with an early termination of the tax receivable agreement or a change in control of our company. If we were to defer substantial payment obligations on an ongoing basis under the tax receivable agreement, the accrual of those obligations would reduce the availability of cash for other purposes and we would be prohibited from paying dividends on our common stock. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Organizational Structure—We will be required under the tax receivable agreement to pay Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees for certain tax

 

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benefits we may claim, and the amounts we may pay could be significant,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Organizational Structure—In certain cases, payments under the tax receivable agreement to Mosing Holdings or its permitted transferees may be accelerated or significantly exceed the actual benefits, if any, we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement” and “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

Existing Indebtedness

In 2012, we made a non-cash distribution of $484.0 million to the owners of FINV in the form of two unsecured promissory notes payable. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, there was an aggregate of approximately $464.0 million and $443.7 million, respectively, outstanding under the notes payable to FWW. Interest is charged on the notes at the applicable short-term monthly applicable federal rate as published by the Internal Revenue Service. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, $320.0 million is included in current portion of notes payable to affiliates because it is due on demand and $144.0 million and $123.7 million, respectively, is included in notes payable to affiliates on the combined balance sheets. We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to repay in full these outstanding notes payable.

In 2012, we issued a note payable to our chief executive officer, in an amount of $2.88 million in connection with a deferred bonus payment. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, there was $2.88 million outstanding under this note payable. We also had various other notes payable totaling $3.2 million and $1.8 million at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, respectively. These notes mature in 2013 with interest rates of 3% per annum.

We have financed certain business acquisitions. At December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, the aggregate outstanding balance of the finance agreements for such acquisitions was $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, with interest rates ranging from 5% to 6% per annum. The finance agreements are due on demand in 2011 and have maturity dates ranging from September 2016 to October 2018.

In addition, we have financed certain aircraft through credit agreements. The aggregate outstanding balance of these credit agreements was $0.8 million at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013, with a fixed interest rate 5% per annum payable monthly. The credit agreements mature in August 2013 and the notes are secured by the aircraft. In connection with the reorganization described in “Organizational Structure,” Mosing Holdings will cause our U.S. operating subsidiaries to distribute certain assets that generate a de minimis amount of revenue, including the aircraft. Accordingly, the aircraft will not be contributed to FICV and we will no longer be responsible for payments under the credit facilities associated with the aircraft upon completion of this offering.

We have two revolving credit facilities, with available borrowing capacities of $40.0 million and $5.0 million, which mature on August 31, 2014 and February 19, 2016, respectively. Interest is paid monthly on the unpaid balance of the $40.0 million line of credit at the London Interbank Offering Rate plus approximately 2.5% per annum. Interest is paid on the unpaid balance of the $5.0 million line of credit at the prime rate, which equates to 4.5% with the applicable margin included. The aggregate outstanding balance under the credit facilities was $2.0 million as of March 31, 2013. The revolving credit facilities have certain financial covenants. As of March 31, 2013, we were in compliance with all financial covenants. In addition, we had outstanding letters of credit of $5.9 million as of March 31, 2013. In connection with this offering, we intend to repay any outstanding indebtedness in full and terminate our existing revolving credit facilities.

New Credit Facilities

In connection with this offering, FICV intends to enter into two revolving credit facilities with Amegy Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent and Capital One, National Association, as Syndication Agent, and certain other financial institutions. The credit agreements will provide for (i) a $100 million revolving credit facility, including up to $20 million for letters of credit and up to $10 million in swingline loans, which will mature in July 2018 (the “Five Year Facility”) and (ii) a $100 million revolving credit facility that will

 

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mature in July 2014 (the “One Year Facility” and, together with the Five Year Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). Subject to the terms of the credit agreements, we have the ability to increase the commitments under the Credit Facilities by $150 million. As of the closing of this offering, we do not expect to have any outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facilities.

It is anticipated that future borrowings under the Credit Facilities will be available for working capital and general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures and for the issuance of letters of credit. The availability of the Credit Facilities is subject to certain conditions precedent, including the closing of this offering.

The credit agreements contain various covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to grant certain liens, make certain loans and investments, enter into mergers or acquisitions unless certain conditions are satisfied, enter into hedging transactions unless certain conditions are satisfied, change our lines of business, prepay certain indebtedness, enter into certain burdensome agreements, enter into certain affiliate transactions or engage in certain asset dispositions. Additionally, the credit agreements limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness subject to certain exceptions.

The credit agreements also contain financial covenants, which, among other things, require us, on a consolidated basis, to maintain specified financial ratios or conditions summarized as follows:

 

   

Total consolidated funded debt to adjusted EBITDA (defined as the “Leverage Ratio” in the credit agreements) of not more than 2.50 to 1.0; and

 

   

EBITDA to interest expense (defined as the “Interest Coverage Ratio” in the credit agreements) of not less than 3.0 to 1.0.

The obligations under the credit agreements are unsecured, and all of the obligations under the Credit Facilities are guaranteed by FICV’s subsidiaries.

Borrowings under our credit facilities bear interest, at our option, at either a base rate or an Adjusted Eurodollar rate. Base rate loans under the credit facilities will bear interest at a rate based off of the higher of (a) the Prime Rate as published from time to time in the Bonds, Rates & Yields section of The Wall Street Journal, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% or (c) the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% (determined with reference to our leverage ratio). Interest is payable quarterly for base rate loans.

Eurodollar loans under the credit facilities will bear interest at an Adjusted Eurodollar Rate equal to the Eurodollar Rate for such interest period multiplied by the Statutory Reserves, plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% (determined with reference to our leverage ratio). Interest is payable at the end of applicable interest periods for Eurodollar loans, except that if the interest period for a Eurodollar loan is longer than three months, interest is paid at the end of each three-month period. The timing of the required interest payments does not affect the calculation of the interest on the Eurodollar loans.

In addition, the unused portion of the Five Year Facility will be subject to a commitment fee of up to 0.375%.

If an event of default exists under the credit agreements, the lenders have the right to accelerate the maturity of the obligations outstanding under the credit agreements and exercise other rights and remedies. Each of the following constitutes an event of default under the credit agreements:

 

   

representations and warranties in the credit agreements or other loan documents being incorrect or misleading in any material respect;

 

   

failure to pay any principal when due or any interest, fees or other amount within certain grace periods;

 

   

failure to perform or otherwise comply with the covenants in the credit agreements or other loan documents, subject, in certain instances, to grace periods;

 

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the actual or asserted invalidity of any material provisions of the guarantees of the indebtedness under the credit agreements;

 

   

default by us or our restricted subsidiaries on the payment of any other indebtedness with a principal amount in excess of $10 million, any default in the performance of any obligation or condition with respect to such indebtedness beyond the applicable grace period if the effect of the default is to permit or cause the acceleration of the indebtedness, or such indebtedness will be declared due and payable prior to its scheduled maturity;

 

   

bankruptcy or insolvency events involving us or our restricted subsidiaries;

 

   

the entry, and failure to pay, of one or more adverse judgments in excess of $10 million, upon which enforcement proceedings are commenced or that are not stayed pending appeal; and

 

   

the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the Credit Facilities).

Cash Flows from Operating, Investing and Financing Activities

Cash flows provided by (used in) operations by type of activity were as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013  

Operating activities

   $ 163,414      $ 180,710      $ 344,776      $ 78,669      $ 50,664   

Investing activities

     (69,130     (126,655     (182,533     (47,541     (42,014

Financing activities

     (79,261     (71,874     (107,210     (14,742     (44,235
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     15,023        (17,819     55,033        16,386        (35,585

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash activities

     285        2,305        (737     (1,933     6,032   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 15,308      $ (15,514   $ 54,296      $ 14,453      $ (29,553
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Statements of cash flows for entities with international operations that are local currency functional exclude the effects of the changes in foreign currency exchange rates that occur during any given year, as these are non-cash changes. As a result, changes reflected in certain accounts on the combined statements of cash flows may not reflect the changes in corresponding accounts on the combined balance sheets.

Operating Activities

Cash flow from operating activities was $50.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 as compared to $78.7 million in the comparable period in 2012. The decrease in 2012 was due primarily to a decrease in net income and payments of accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

Cash flow from operating activities was $344.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to $180.7 million in 2011 and $163.4 million in 2010. The increase in 2012 was due primarily to the increase in profitability as a result of the increased permit activity from the repeal of the Macondo-related moratorium in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico that occurred in late 2010. The increase in 2011 was due primarily to higher revenues partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable.

Investing Activities

Cash flow used in investing activities was $42.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 as compared to $47.5 million in the comparable period in 2012. The decrease in 2013 was due primarily to decreases in capital expenditures.

 

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Cash flow used in investing activities was $182.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to $126.7 million in 2011 and $69.1 million in 2010. The increases in 2012 and 2011 were primarily due to increases in capital expenditures to ensure that we maintain the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment to support our expanding business.

Financing Activities

Cash flow used in financing activities was $44.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 as compared to $14.7 million in the comparable period in 2012. The increase in 2013 was due primarily to $20.3 million in payments related to the FWW note.

Cash used in financing activities was $107.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to $71.9 million in 2011 and $79.3 million in 2010. The increase in 2012 was primarily due to an increase in stockholder distributions partially offset by an increase in borrowings from our revolving credit facilities. The decrease in 2011 was primarily due to a decrease in stockholder distributions, partially offset by an increase in borrowings under our lines of credit and proceeds from the reissuance of stock.

Contractual Obligations

We lease several facilities worldwide and accommodations for certain employees located outside of the U.S. under noncancelable operating leases.

The following table presents our contractual obligations and contingent commitments by period as of December 31, 2012, on a pro forma basis to give effect to our reorganization in connection with this offering as described in “Organizational Structure” and the use of the estimated net proceeds from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds” as if all such transactions had occurred on January 1, 2012. Our obligations to make payments in the future may vary due to certain assumptions including the duration of our obligations and anticipated actions by third parties.

 

     Payments Due by Period  
     Total      Less than
1 year
     1-3 years      3-5 years      More than
5 years
 
     (in thousands)  

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations (1)

   $ 9,430       $ 8,379       $ 1,051       $ —         $ —     

Interest payments (2)

     382         277         101         4         —     

Noncancelable operating leases (3)

     26,696         4,955         7,301         5,523         8,917   

Uncertain tax positions

     3,913         —           —           —           3,913   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 40,421       $ 13,611       $ 8,453       $ 5,527       $ 12,830   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Amounts represent the expected cash payments of principal amounts associated with our long-term debt and capital lease obligations.
(2) Amounts represent the expected cash payments for interest on our long-term debt and capital lease obligations. The interest amount calculated is based on the assumption that the amount outstanding and the interest rate charged both remain at their current levels.
(3) Upon consummation of our initial public offering, we will incur additional rental expense and charter service expense of approximately $3.8 million and $1.1 million per year, respectively, due to the distribution of the real estate and aircraft to Mosing Holdings, Inc. These amounts are not included in the table above as the terms of such new agreements are not yet known.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At March 31, 2013, we had no off-balance sheet debt or arrangements.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of combined financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to select appropriate accounting principles from those available, to apply those principles consistently and to make reasonable estimates and assumptions that affect revenues and associated costs as well as reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties. We evaluate estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We base our respective estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our combined financial statements. We consider the following policies to be the most critical to understanding the judgments that are involved and the uncertainties that could impact our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Revenue Recognition

All revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria have been met: (1) evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery to and acceptance by the customer has occurred; (3) the price of the customer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured, as follows:

Services Revenue. We provide tubular services to clients in the oil and gas industry. We perform services either under direct service purchase orders or master service agreements. Service revenue is recognized when services have been performed or rendered.

Rental Revenue. We design and manufacture a suite of highly technical equipment and products that we rent to our customers in connection with providing our services, including high-end, proprietary tubular handling equipment. We rent our products either under direct rental agreements or with customers with rental agreements in place. Revenue from rental agreements is recognized as earned over the rental period.

For customers contracted under direct service purchase orders and direct rental agreements, an accrual is recorded in unbilled accounts receivable for revenue earned but not yet invoiced.

Pipe and Products Revenue. Revenue on pipe and products sales is recognized when the product has shipped and significant risks of ownership have passed to the customer. The sales arrangements typically do not include right of return or other similar provisions or other post-delivery obligations. In some regions, customers have a right of return due to purchasing of excess products and deliverability limitations of products in remote locations. When the likelihood of a return exists on a sale, a determination of this portion of revenue is reclassified to unearned revenue until such time as the product is returned or no return occurs.

Income Taxes

The liability method is used for determining our income tax provisions, under which current and deferred tax liabilities and assets are recorded in accordance with enacted tax laws and rates. Under this method, the amounts of deferred tax liabilities and assets at the end of each period are determined using the tax rate expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In determining the need for valuation allowances, we have considered and made judgments and estimates regarding estimated future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. These estimates and judgments include some degree of uncertainty, and changes in these estimates and assumptions could require us to adjust the valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets. Historically, changes to valuation allowances have been caused by major changes in the business cycle in certain countries and changes in local country law. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the generation of sufficient taxable income in the applicable taxing jurisdictions.

 

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Through FICV, we operate in approximately 60 countries under many legal forms. As a result, we are subject to the jurisdiction of numerous U.S. and foreign tax authorities, as well as to tax agreements and treaties among these governments. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various bases: actual income before taxes, deemed profits (which are generally determined using a percentage of revenue rather than profits) and withholding taxes based on revenue. Determination of taxable income in any jurisdiction requires the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and the use of estimates and assumptions regarding significant future events such as the amount, timing and character of deductions, permissible revenue recognition methods under the tax law and the sources and character of income and tax credits. Changes in tax laws, regulations, agreements and treaties, foreign currency exchange restrictions or our level of operations or profitability in each taxing jurisdiction could have an impact on the amount of income taxes that we provide during any given year.

Our tax filings for various periods are subject to audit by the tax authorities in most jurisdictions where we conduct business. These audits may result in assessments of additional taxes that are resolved with the authorities or through the courts. We believe these assessments may occasionally be based on erroneous and even arbitrary interpretations of local tax law. Resolution of these situations inevitably includes some degree of uncertainty; accordingly, we provide taxes only for the amounts we believe will ultimately result from these proceedings. The resulting change to our tax liability, if any, is dependent on numerous factors including, among others, the amount and nature of additional taxes potentially asserted by local tax authorities; the willingness of local tax authorities to negotiate a fair settlement through an administrative process; the impartiality of the local courts; the number of countries in which we do business; and the potential for changes in the tax paid to one country to either produce, or fail to produce, an offsetting tax change in other countries. Our experience has been that the estimates and assumptions we have used to provide for future tax assessments have proven to be appropriate. However, past experience is only a guide, and the potential exists that the tax resulting from the resolution of current and potential future tax controversies may differ materially from the amount accrued.

In addition to the aforementioned assessments that have been received from various tax authorities, we also provide for taxes for uncertain tax positions where formal assessments have not been received. The determination of these liabilities requires the use of estimates and assumptions regarding future events. Once established, we adjust these amounts only when more information is available or when a future event occurs necessitating a change to the reserves such as changes in the facts or law, judicial decisions regarding the application of existing law or a favorable audit outcome. We believe that the resolution of tax matters will not have a material effect on our combined financial condition, although a resolution could have a material impact on our consolidated statements of income for a particular period and on our effective tax rate for any period in which such resolution occurs.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2013-02, Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”). This ASU requires entities to present separately, among other items, the amount of the change that is due to reclassifications, and the amount that is due to current period other comprehensive income. We adopted the new presentation requirements in the notes to our financial statements in the first quarter of 2013, but otherwise there was no impact our combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows as there are currently no items reclassified from AOCI.

In September 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which provides, subject to certain conditions, the option to perform a qualitative, rather than quantitative, assessment of goodwill to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. This update was effective and adopted by us in the first quarter of 2012 and did not have a material impact on our combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

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In June 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which revises the manner in which entities present comprehensive income in their financial statements. The new guidance requires entities to report components of comprehensive income in either (1) a continuous statement of comprehensive income or (2) a separate but consecutive statement. Under the two-statement approach, the first statement would include components of net income, which is consistent with the income statement format previously used by us, and the second statement would include components of other comprehensive income (“OCI”). The update does not change the items that must be reported in OCI and must be applied retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements. This update was effective and adopted by us in the first quarter of 2012 and impacted our financial statement presentation, but otherwise did not impact our combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In May 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which amends the definition of fair value measurement principles and disclosure requirements to eliminate differences between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The update requires new quantitative and qualitative disclosures about the sensitivity of recurring Level 3 measurement disclosures, as well as disclosures of transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. This update was effective and adopted by us in the first quarter of 2012 and impacted our disclosures, but otherwise did not impact our combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to certain market risks that are inherent in our financial instruments and arise from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. A discussion of our market risk exposure in financial instruments is presented below.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

We operate in virtually every oil and natural gas exploration and production region in the world. In some parts of the world, the currency of our primary economic environment is the U.S. dollar, and we use the U.S. dollar as our functional currency. In other parts of the world, such as Europe, Norway, Venezuela and Brazil, we conduct our business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, and the functional currency is the applicable local currency.

Assets and liabilities of entities for which the functional currency is the local currency are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, resulting in translation adjustments that are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the shareholders’ equity section on our combined balance sheets. A portion of our net assets are impacted by changes in foreign currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. We recorded a $4.3 million adjustment to decrease our equity account for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to reflect the change in the U.S. dollar against various foreign currencies.

For the three months ended March 31, 2013, on a U.S. dollar-equivalent basis, approximately 25% of our revenue was represented by currencies other than the U.S. dollar. However, no single foreign currency represented more than 5% of our revenue. A hypothetical 10% decrease in the exchange rates for each of the foreign currencies in which a portion of our revenues is denominated would result in a 1.5% decrease in our overall revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

Devaluation of Venezuelan Bolivar Fuerte

In February 2013, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of the Bolivar Fuerte (“Bolivar”), resulting in the exchange rate declining from 4.3 to 6.3 Bolivars per U.S. Dollar. As a result of the devaluation, the Company recorded a foreign currency loss of $1.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013, related to the remeasurement of the Bolivar-denominated net monetary assets of the company’s Venezuelan operations as of the date of the devaluation.

 

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Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to changes in interest rates on our floating rate borrowings under our revolving credit facilities and under our notes payable to FWW. Although we do not currently utilize interest rate derivative instruments to reduce interest rate exposure, we may do so in the future.

As of March 31, 2013, we had approximately $443.7 million in outstanding borrowings in the form of two promissory notes payable to FWW or its affiliate. We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to repay in full these outstanding notes payable. Interest is charged on the notes at the applicable short-term monthly applicable federal rate as published by the Internal Revenue Service. The impact of a 1% increase in interest rates on these notes payable as of March 31, 2013 would have resulted in a $1.1 million increase in interest expense.

Customer Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk are trade receivables. We extend credit to customers and other parties in the normal course of business. We have established various procedures to manage our credit exposure, including credit evaluations and maintaining an allowance for doubtful accounts.

We are also exposed to credit risk because our customers are concentrated in the oil and natural gas industry. This concentration of customers may impact overall exposure to credit risk, either positively or negatively, because our customers may be similarly affected by changes in economic and industry conditions, including sensitivity to commodity prices. While current energy prices are important contributors to positive cash flow for our customers, expectations about future prices and price volatility are generally more important for determining future spending levels. However, any prolonged increase or decrease in oil and natural gas prices affects the levels of exploration, development and production activity, as well as the entire health of the oil and natural gas industry, and can therefore negatively impact spending by our customers.

 

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BUSINESS

Overview

We are a 75 year-old, industry-leading global provider of highly engineered tubular services to the oil and gas industry. We provide our services to leading exploration and production companies in both offshore and onshore environments, with a focus on complex and technically demanding wells. We believe that we are one of the largest global providers of tubular services to the oil and gas industry.

Tubular services involve the handling and installation of multiple joints of pipe to establish a cased wellbore and the installation of smaller diameter pipe inside a cased wellbore to provide a conduit for produced oil and gas to reach the surface. The casing of a wellbore isolates the wellbore from the surrounding geologic formations and water table, provides well structure and pressure integrity, and allows well operators to target specific zones for production. Given the central role that our services play in the structural integrity, reliability and safety of a well, and the importance of efficient tubular services to managing the overall cost of a well, we believe that our role is vital to the overall process of producing oil and gas. For more information regarding tubular services, see “—Industry—Tubular Services.”

Our specially trained employees provide our services using a suite of highly technical, purpose-built equipment, much of which we design and manufacture for our proprietary use. Most of our manufactured equipment and products use patented, advanced technologies that enable us to service complex wells, increase efficiency, enhance well integrity and improve safety. We currently have 104 U.S. patents and 136 related international patents and 37 U.S. patent applications pending and 111 related international patent applications pending for equipment that our engineers have developed.

Recent developments in well construction and completion requirements have resulted in increased technical demands associated with tubular services. For onshore wells, these developments include long horizontal laterals and deviated well bores that seek to maximize the wells’ exposure to hydrocarbon-bearing geologic formations. In the offshore environment, these developments include increasing water and well depths, which require lengthier and heavier strings, as well as tubular handling equipment capable of accommodating a more complex array of equipment and hydraulic control lines that are deployed inside the well. We believe that we are a market leader in the development of equipment and services that facilitate and accommodate recent developments in well construction and completion requirements and this is reflected in our extensive suite of patent-protected, innovative products and equipment. We continuously work with our customers to develop new products, improve efficiency and safety and solve complex well construction and completion problems.

In addition to our tubular handling equipment, we also design and manufacture certain products that we sell or rent directly to external customers, including large OD pipe connectors and casing attachments. We also provide specialized fabrication and welding services in support of deep water projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, including drilling and production risers, flowlines and pipeline end terminations, as well as long length tubulars (up to 300 feet in length) for use as caissons or pilings. Finally, we distribute large OD pipe manufactured by third parties, and generally maintain an inventory of this pipe in order to support our pipe sales and distribution operations.

Spears estimates that the global market for tubular services (excluding product sales) was approximately $3.3 billion in annual revenues in 2012 and will grow to $3.8 billion in 2013. Spears projects that this market will grow at an annual rate of approximately 11% between 2012 and 2015. There are a limited number of companies that provide these services on a global basis. We serve our customers through a network of over 90 sales and support offices in approximately 60 countries. Our customer base includes major international oil companies, such as Anadarko, BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, Shell, Total and Murphy Oil Corporation, and national oil companies, such as PDVSA, Statoil and Saudi Aramco, as well as numerous independent oil and gas producers.

 

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We believe we differentiate ourselves from our competitors on the basis of the quality and reliability of our service, our proprietary technology, and our ability to perform in the most demanding environments, including deep water and ultra-deep water projects. Our expertise stems from years of experience, a focus on technical innovation and our highly trained and dedicated workforce. Representative examples of the trusted, critical services we have been selected to provide to our customers include:

 

   

In March 2013, we successfully completed the casing installation for the Chevron Northwood well in the Green Canyon Block 945 area of the Gulf of Mexico, to a total depth of 31,866 feet in a water depth of 6,000 feet, which is the deepest oil and gas well of which we are aware.

 

   

In August 2012, we broke our own record for greatest hook load recorded at approximately 1,140 tons while lifting 24,500 feet of combined casing and landing string for Shell’s Stones 4 well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.

 

   

In June 2010, we successfully provided all tubular services for the relief well drilled by BP to contain the Macondo well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.

 

   

In 2006, we were selected to provide tubular installation services on the BP Shah Deniz project in offshore Azerbaijan, which is an ongoing multiple well project. We believe we were selected for the project due to our highly regarded technical capabilities, including our proprietary Fluid Grip Power Tong gripping technology combined with our Collar Load Support tubular handling system. These proprietary technologies are critical for this project due to their ability to provide “zero marking” handling of the specialized CRA completion tubulars required in wells with high hydrogen sulfide content. CRA services have also been increasingly common in other corrosive high-pressure, high-temperature applications, both onshore and offshore.

We have a long history of strong revenue growth. Specifically, as depicted in the chart below, our revenues have grown sequentially in all but one of the past 10 years.

 

LOGO

Our results over this period were driven by a number of factors:

 

   

Acquisitions that increased our geographic footprint in the onshore market in the continental United States. As a consequence of these acquisitions, we were well positioned to benefit from the significant increase in drilling and development activity in most of the nation’s unconventional shale basins over the past decade.

 

   

Increasing complexity in offshore well design. Over the course of the past decade, offshore wells have become increasingly complex. In order to manage fluid pressure and well integrity, offshore wells are often drilled and completed in stages with multiple casing strings being required. In addition, offshore wells increasingly include the placement of a number of gauges, sensors, valves and hydraulic control

 

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lines deployed inside the well. The need to accommodate these developments has increased the technical requirements and complexity of tubular services, and therefore our revenue opportunity.

 

   

Growing international presence. Our ability to operate on a global basis provides a significant competitive advantage. Our customer base includes major international oil companies, such as Anadarko, BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, Shell and Total, and national oil companies, such as PDVSA, Statoil and Saudi Aramco. To better serve these customers, we developed a network of over 90 sales and support offices in approximately 60 countries. We have grown our international presence so that we can participate in their offshore development projects in locations such as East and West Africa, the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, the North Sea and South America.

 

   

Increasing deep water drilling activity and the impact of the global financial crisis and the Macondo incident. Because of our strong market share in offshore tubular services, we have benefited from growing deep water drilling activity in recent years. Our revenue was affected by the global financial crisis in 2009, notably in the U.S. onshore market, and by the Macondo incident in 2010, which dampened our offshore results in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico in large part because of the drilling moratorium that was imposed. Consistent with other service providers, our business activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico began to recover to pre-Macondo levels in 2011, a year after the moratorium was lifted. Worldwide offshore rig counts continue to increase as crude oil supply and demand fundamentals encourage new drilling. Offshore discoveries are expected to play an important role in the future, particularly deep water discoveries.

Our revenue grew by 43% to $1,055.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 compared to $739.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, and Adjusted EBITDA grew by 79% to $446.6 million from $249.5 million over the same period. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 45% of our revenue was generated outside North America, and 69% was generated from products and services provided offshore. For an explanation of how we calculate Adjusted EBITDA, see “Selected Historical Combined and Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Competitive Strengths

We believe that we are well positioned to execute our strategy based on the following competitive strengths:

 

   

Global market leader. We are a leading provider of tubular services in many of the regions in which we operate, including the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and almost every significant international offshore market, almost all of the major U.S. onshore resource basins and in targeted active international onshore regions. Moreover, we believe that we are one of only a few tubular service companies with true global capabilities. According to Spears, we have the number one or number two market share in each of the U.S. and international markets, both onshore and offshore. We currently provide our services in approximately 60 countries on six continents. Our customers include most of the world’s largest integrated oil companies and many of the largest national oil companies. We have no significant customer or geographic concentration. Our global presence allows us to quickly expand to additional regions that experience increases in drilling and production activity.

 

   

Focused service provider with highly differentiated engineering capabilities. We have an in-house engineering team responsible for developing new products that add value to our service capabilities and expand our portfolio of products and services. Our engineers typically work closely with our field personnel and customers in order to identify specific equipment needs related to the services we provide. We believe that we are a market leader in the development of equipment and services that facilitate and accommodate recent developments in well construction and completion requirements, and this is reflected in our extensive suite of patent-protected, innovative products and equipment. We believe that our engineering expertise and our service and product line focus give us a competitive advantage in quickly designing and manufacturing custom solutions in response to our customers’ unique requirements and applications. We have received a number of customer and industry awards recognizing the achievements of our engineering group and our custom designed solutions.

 

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Favorable reputation developed over eight decades. We believe our customers select Frank’s International because of our reputation for safety, reliability, quality service and proprietary technology. While generally a small portion of the overall well cost, properly performed tubular services are critical to protecting the producer’s investment in the well, as well as its safe operation during production. The economic stakes are especially high for deep water wells, where day rates for offshore drilling rigs and other associated services can approach $1 million per day, and a producer’s investment in a single offshore well can exceed $80 million. The difference between efficiently executed tubular services and less efficiently executed services can save producers days or even weeks, which can translate directly into significant and measurable savings. The producer’s environmental, safety and regulatory risks associated with operating offshore are also heightened. In connection with their customer feedback-based survey, EnergyPoint Research has ranked Frank’s International first in customer satisfaction in one or more oilfield service or product categories every year since 2004, the first year in which the survey was conducted. Our reputation for safety is further demonstrated by our ability to meet and exceed the stringent safety requirements of our customers, some of which have been Frank’s International customers for over 40 years.

 

   

Strong position in favorable deep water offshore markets. We believe Frank’s International will continue to benefit from the continued development of oil and gas resources located offshore. As a result of the long development lead times associated with deep water projects, they are generally less likely to be cancelled or delayed due to volatility in commodity or financial markets. Also, due to their technical complexity and often remote locations, offshore projects typically provide us with a greater opportunity to differentiate our capabilities from those of our competitors. According to Spears, offshore development spending will increase at an annual rate of approximately 12% between 2011 and 2018. Approximately 67% of our services revenue from external customers in 2012 was generated from offshore services, and our global market share in offshore services was approximately 29% in 2012, according to Spears. Moreover, the significant majority of our offshore services revenue in 2012 was from deep water markets. We believe the economic opportunity for deep water services will continue to be favorable given the technical challenges associated with constructing and completing wells offshore, and the risk of potential negative economic consequences to our customers if tubular services are poorly performed.

 

   

Attractive financial results reflect value of our differentiated and critical services. For the year ended December 31, 2012 and the three months ended March 31, 2013, our Adjusted EBITDA margin was approximately 42% and 43%, respectively, which we believe reflects the economic value to our customers of our differentiated and critical services and the benefits of a diversified, global customer base. Because our business is not capital intensive, we generate significant free cash flow. Consequently, we intend to pay a regular quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.075 per share. As of March 31, 2013 after giving effect to this offering, we expect to have approximately $241.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $7.9 million of outstanding indebtedness.

 

   

Significant experience selectively acquiring and integrating companies. We have a long history of evaluating and acquiring companies that expand or complement our geographic footprint and product and service offerings. Since 1982, we have successfully acquired and integrated more than 50 private companies. We believe that being a public company will enhance our acquisition strategy and allow us to target larger acquisition candidates.

 

   

Experienced management team with proven track record. Our executive officers and senior operational managers have extensive experience at Frank’s International and in the oilfield service industry generally. Our executive officers and senior operational managers have an average of 25 years of experience in the oilfield services industry with us. Our chief executive officer, Keith Mosing, is a third generation owner and manager who successfully led our expansion into international operations. The Mosing family will continue to own the majority equity interest in us following the completion of this offering, which we believe aligns their interests with the interests of our public investors.

 

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Business Strategy

Our objective is to maximize shareholder value by expanding our leading global oilfield services company and continuing to supply high-quality services and products to our customers. We intend to accomplish that objective by capitalizing on the key long-term industry growth trends through the execution of the following strategies:

 

   

Continue to focus on customer service. We have a long track record of being responsive to our customers’ unique requirements. We believe that focusing on our customers’ needs and continuing to provide industry-leading technological and safety innovations will enable us to expand our customer base and increase our revenues.

 

   

Sustain our track record of technical innovation. Our team of over 70 in-house engineers and engineering technicians works to develop new products and technologies and provides operational support. We currently have 104 U.S. patents and 136 related international patents and 37 U.S. patent applications pending and 111 related international patent applications pending for equipment that our engineers have developed. In addition, we currently have more than 50 new technologies and product improvements under development. We have developed strong working relationships with oil and gas producers throughout the world, many of which have approached us with requests for solutions to specific well construction and completion challenges. To address these needs, we continue to invest in new product engineering capabilities. In addition to our own efforts to continuously enhance our equipment and procedures, we expect to continue to develop innovative products and solutions driven by our customers’ needs.

 

   

Pursue disciplined growth organically and through acquisitions. We intend to selectively pursue acquisitions that complement our geographic footprint and product and service offerings, with a focus on businesses that would benefit from our global presence and international sales capabilities. We intend to continue to grow organically by leveraging our customer base, investing in additional equipment and geographically expanding our existing global facilities in order to continue to grow our cash flows and satisfy incremental customer demand.

 

   

Maintain and expand our worldwide presence. We are committed to being on the ground in strategic markets to provide services on a global basis. We intend to build upon our existing presence in Africa, the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, North America, the North Sea and South America through deployment of sales, distribution, and service resources. We believe this organic expansion will provide more points of contact with our customers, allowing us to respond more quickly to their needs.

Segments

We conduct our business through three operating segments:

 

   

International Services. We currently provide our services in approximately 60 countries on six continents. Our customers in these international markets are primarily large exploration and production companies, including integrated oil and gas companies and national oil and gas companies, with a significant focus on complex, high profile projects. Our International Services segment accounted for approximately 49% and 50%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013. Approximately 82% and 83%, respectively, of our revenue from external customers in this segment was generated in offshore markets in 2012 and in the first three months of 2013, the significant majority of which was from deep water markets.

 

   

U.S. Services. Approximately 51% and 63%, respectively, of our 2012 and first quarter 2013 U.S. Services segment revenue from external customers was generated in the technically challenging deep water areas of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, we have a significant presence in almost all of the active onshore oil and gas drilling regions in the U.S., including the Permian Basin, Bakken Shale, Barnett Shale, Eagle Ford Shale, Haynesville Shale, Marcellus Shale and Utica Shale. Our U.S. Services segment accounted for approximately 45% and 42%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

 

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Pipe and Products. We also design and manufacture certain products that we sell or rent directly to external customers, including large OD pipe connectors and casing attachments. We also provide specialized fabrication and welding services in support of deep water projects in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, including drilling and production risers, flowlines and pipeline end terminations, as well as long length tubulars (up to 300 feet in length) for use as caissons or pilings. Finally, we distribute large OD pipe manufactured by third parties. A significant majority of our sales to external customers occur in deep water markets. Our Pipe and Products segment accounted for approximately 6% and 8%, respectively, of our Adjusted EBITDA in 2012 and the first three months of 2013.

Industry

Overview

We provide highly engineered tubular services to the oil and gas industry. Tubular services involve the handling and installation of multiple joints of pipe to establish a cased wellbore and the installation of smaller diameter completion tubing inside a cased wellbore to provide a conduit for produced oil and gas to reach the surface. The casing of a wellbore isolates the well, provides well structural and pressure integrity, and allows well operators to target specific zones for production. Given the central role that these services play in the structural integrity, reliability and safety of a well, and the importance of efficient tubular services to managing the overall cost of a well, we believe that tubular services are vital to the overall process of producing oil and gas.

Spears estimates that the global market for tubular services (excluding product sales) was approximately $3.3 billion in annual revenues in 2012 and will grow to $3.8 billion in 2013. Spears projects that this market will grow at an annual rate of approximately 11% between 2012 and 2015.

The tubular services sector of the oilfield services and equipment industry includes large and international companies (including ourselves, Weatherford International and Baker Hughes) as well as smaller, independent companies that operate primarily on a U.S. onshore basis. We believe a significant portion of the growth and opportunity for expansion in the industry exists for providers that possess the scale, the global reach and the technological sophistication to compete in a rapidly advancing industry, as further described in “—Trends in the Industry.”

We believe that customers of oilfield services and products select providers of tubular services based on a number of factors, including price, international capability, availability of tools, range of services provided, intellectual property, technological sophistication, rigorous quality systems and reliability of equipment, along with reputation and safety record. We believe that we are well-positioned to compete on a global basis in all of these dimensions. See “—Competitive Strengths.”

Tubular Services

The drilling process creates an open borehole through numerous rock formations that reaches the targeted reservoir. Left alone, the raw surface of the borehole typically cannot support itself. Casing is a tubular steel open-ended pipe run into the borehole. One of its main functions is to provide the structural and pressure integrity to the well. Once cemented in place, the casing serves as the rigid wall of the well from the wellhead down to the bottom of the well.

In addition to providing stabilization and keeping the sides of the well from collapsing, casing protects ground water aquifers through which the well is drilled. It also protects the hydrocarbons produced by the well from outside contaminants. The production tubing forms the conduit for production of hydrocarbons and, with the wellhead equipment, facilitates control of the well and the rate of production. Tubular services involve the use of highly specialized tools to handle and install multiple strings of pipe to establish a cased wellbore coupled with the installation of smaller diameter completion tubing inside the cased wellbore to provide a conduit for produced oil and gas to reach the surface.

 

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Casing is steel pipe that is manufactured in sections, or joints, that are typically 40 feet long and screwed together to specified parameters of torque or rotations to form longer lengths of casing, called casing strings. Most casing has male threads on each end. Typically, a collar or coupling, composed of a short cylindrical steel sleeve that is slightly larger in diameter than the casing and has female threads, is used to connect the two male joint ends. A thread compound is applied to the connection to provide lubrication and ensure a tight seal.

 

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Connecting Joints of Casing

The casing operation is managed from the rig floor, as one or more joints at a time are connected by specialized powered pipe wrenches called power tongs. Typically hanging above the rig floor or on motorized track systems, power tongs screw each subsequent joint to the casing string and can also be used with computerized instrumentation to monitor, assess and control the joint make-up in accordance with the connection manufacturer’s recommendations.

A specialized cement cone known as a guide float shoe is connected to the first casing string to help guide the casing into the borehole and allow drilling mud to remain in the casing string to equalize pressure. Additionally, along the outside of the casing, numerous spring-like centralizers are attached to the casing string to help position the casing string in the center of the borehole to facilitate uniform distribution of cement around and between the outside of the casing and the borehole.

Casing strings are run into the borehole and officially landed when the weight of the casing string is transferred to the casing hangers, which are located at the top of the well to suspend the casing. After the casing has been run, cement slurry is pumped through the string of casing, then run up and around the space between the borehole and the outside of the casing and allowed to harden to permanently fix the casing in place.

The well is typically drilled in stages. Typically, a borehole is drilled to a certain depth, cased and cemented, and then the borehole is drilled deeper, cased and cemented again, and so on. Each time the well is cased, a smaller diameter casing is used in the following stage.

The largest diameter casing is called conductor pipe, which typically ranges from 30 to 42 inches in diameter for offshore wells, and 16 inches in diameter for onshore wells. The next casing string is the surface

 

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casing, which can run several thousand feet in length. The last type of casing string that is run into the well, and therefore the smallest in diameter, is the production string. The production string is run directly into the producing reservoir. Subsequent strings of casing referred to as protection or intermediate casing and liners, are run into separate challenging areas or problem zones, including areas of high pressure or lost circulation.

In an alternate method of well completion, sometimes a liner string is run into the borehole instead of a casing string. While a liner string is very similar to casing string in that it is made up of separate joints of casing, the liner string does not extend over the entire depth of the well, rather it hangs from the bottom of the previously installed casing string, down to the bottom of the borehole. A liner string is hung in the well by a liner hanger, and then cemented into place. In some cases the liner string is tied back to the wellhead before well completion.

 

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One of the most common challenges in the casing process can be that the casing string becomes stuck before it reaches the bottom of the wellbore. The typical solution for this problem is to retrieve the casing string for some vertical distance, then attempt to run it downhole again. Rotating, or reaming, the casing while it is being run is an effective method for minimizing the risk of stuck pipe. The circulation of drilling fluids in the wellbore also helps to speed the casing operation and prevent stuck pipe.

All of these problems result in non-productive time, during which the well’s owner is incurring day rate-based costs for the drilling rig and other onsite services, but during which the well’s drilling to completion is not making progress. An effective and efficiently managed casing process benefits the well’s operator by minimizing non-productive time.

The process for casing deep water wells includes a number of complexities that are not typically experienced with respect to onshore or shallow water wells. The seafloor may be thousands of feet below the rig. In order to bridge the distance between the drilling rig, which is at the ocean surface, and the well, which begins at the seafloor, the casing process typically involves using a string of tubulars known as a landing string. A landing string is typically composed of high strength pipe similar to drill pipe. The high strength, comparatively low weight landing string is assembled joint-by-joint and is attached to the top of the casing string to lower the casing string and land it in the wellhead. The landing string not only saves the cost of a length of casing to reach

 

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the sea floor, but is also designed for repeated assembly and disassembly making retrieval easier. However, the handling of the landing string with the weight of the heavy casing suspended below it requires specialized equipment and expertise to avoid failure, which at a minimum, would likely result in non-productive time and, at worst, cause damage to the well and critical infrastructure below.

Casing strings in deep water wells generally are longer and heavier than those used in onshore or shallow water wells, and require equipment that can handle string weights of up to 1,250 tons without crushing the casing at the point of suspension or allowing the casing to slip.

Additionally, deep water wells are generally characterized by increased geological complexity as compared to onshore or shallow water depth wells and typically require many casing or liner strings to allow for mud weight changes. In deep water wells, it is common to use as many as ten tubular strings, including contingencies, compared with the five or fewer strings typically used in shallower or onshore wells. With an increase in the number of strings used, there are tight tolerances in the well and additional attention to quality assurance is required. The graphic below depicts the significantly greater number of casing strings in deep water as compared to onshore wells:

 

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To prevent wear and withstand a long production life, which can extend beyond 20 years, high specification tubulars are frequently used for critical well sections. In recent years, certain deep water well completions have utilized numerous pressure containment and flow control valves, and downhole pressure and downhole temperature measurement devices, all of which require control lines with the ability to communicate with subsea wellhead controls. When making up and running the completion tubing string into a well, specialized equipment is required to accommodate the control lines and other hardware in order ensure that the control lines are not damaged during the running process. The need to accommodate these developments has increased the technical requirements and complexity of tubular installation services.

 

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Due to the complexity of drilling in deep water, the cost substantially exceeds that experienced in onshore operations, with aggregate costs approaching $1 million per day for the drilling rig and related services. The high cost of drilling in offshore environments makes it even more important for efficient tubular services in order to minimize time spent on this activity. Spears estimates that the average Gulf of Mexico well requires $2.1 million of tubular services, while the average cost for tubular services for an onshore well in the U.S. is often less than $50,000.

Trends in the Industry

We believe that the following trends will positively affect the oilfield services industry, and consequently the demand for tubular installation services, in the coming years.

 

   

Increasing global demand for crude oil and natural gas has spurred increases in energy development spending. The crude oil and natural gas industry benefits from increased consumption of hydrocarbons, caused in part by the industrialization of China, India and other developing countries. Spears estimates that annual global spending on drilling and development activities increased from $236 billion in 2009 to $326 billion in 2012, and is projected to increase to $482 billion in 2018, representing a compound annual growth rate of approximately 8% from 2009 to 2018. According to the IEA, under current policies, global energy demand will be approximately 18,676 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) by 2035, or about 47% greater than in 2010.

Global Energy Demand (Mtoe)

 

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Source: International Energy Agency (2012 World Energy Outlook)

 

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Global Oilfield Equipment and Service Market

(excludes Russia, China and Central Asia)

 

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Source: Spears & Associates, Inc. 2012 Oilfield Market Report

 

   

Significant new well development is required to replace naturally declining production. Despite elevated exploration and development activity in recent years, oil supply has only experienced modest gains, highlighting the difficulty in overcoming the natural decline rates of large legacy fields. The IEA estimates that in order to overcome the decline in production from existing fields, and to keep pace with projected demand increases, new production of approximately 40 million barrels of oil per day (an amount equal to nearly 60% of 2011 global oil production) must be added by 2035. A significant number of new wells will be required to make up for declines in production from existing fields and the projected increase in global oil demand.

 

   

Increasing offshore and deep water drilling and development activity. Worldwide offshore rig counts continue to increase as crude oil supply and demand fundamentals encourage new drilling. Moreover, many of these new rigs are bigger and more efficient and designed to drill deeper to previously unrecoverable reserves. According to the IEA, 55% of remaining recoverable conventional oil outside of the OPEC is offshore. According to Spears, offshore spending will increase from $80.1 billion in 2011 to $179.7 billion in 2018, a compound annual growth rate of 12%. Offshore discoveries are expected to play an important role in the future, particularly deep water discoveries at depths greater than 1,000 feet.

Global Offshore Equipment and Service Market

(excludes Russia, China and Central Asia)

 

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Source: Spears & Associates, Inc. 2012 Oilfield Market Report

 

   

Increasing complexity and costs of well construction. As conventional sources of oil and gas are depleted, the oil and gas industry continues to develop new technologies and techniques that allow operators to develop a wider range of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as oil and gas shales. Certain of these techniques include drilling deeper and horizontal well paths with long lateral lengths and multi-stage completions, often in high temperature and high pressure environments. These types of unconventional drilling generally require additional tubular services compared to conventional drilling, and tubular installation services have become increasingly complex to execute, and have required the development of new techniques and specialized tools.

 

   

Heightened focus on quality, safety and environmental factors. Our customers are increasingly focused on the quality of wellbore construction, operational safety and environmental stewardship, particularly in offshore environments where we routinely operate. The tubular services we provide are critical in achieving these goals. As such, our reputation as a high-quality, trusted service provider positions us well to benefit from this trend.

Our Operations

The table below provides a summary of the percentage contributions from our three operating segments and our primary geographic markets for the periods indicated.

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months
Ended March 31,
 
     2010     2011     2012     2012     2013  

Adjusted EBITDA by segment:

          

International Services

     64     61     49     51     50

U.S. Services

     20     29     45     43     42

Pipe and Products

     16     10     6     6     8

Revenue by geographic area:

          

United States

     52     51     56     52     49

Africa

     17     16     16     16     19

Latin America

     11     12     10     11     10

Europe

     10     10     10     10     9

Far East

     4     5     5     5     5

Other

     6     6     3     6     8
          

For additional information regarding our operating segments, see Note 16 to our audited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

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Tubular Services

We are a leading provider of tubular services in many of the regions in which we operate, including the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and almost every significant international offshore market, almost all of the major U.S. resource basins and in targeted active international onshore regions. A presentation of our tubular services revenue by geographic area is set forth below:

Frank’s International

2012 Tubular Services Revenue by Region1

 

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¹ Excludes Pipe and Products revenue.
² Other includes Canada and the Middle East.

 

We provide highly engineered tubular services to leading exploration and production companies in both offshore and onshore environments, with a focus on complex and technically demanding wells. Our specially trained employees provide our services with the aid of a suite of highly technical, purpose-built equipment that we design and manufacture for our proprietary use. Most of our manufactured equipment and products use patented, advanced technologies that enable us to service complex wells, increase efficiency, enhance well integrity and improve safety. We continuously work with our customers to develop new products and enhance existing equipment to improve efficiency and safety and also in response to problems encountered in challenging drilling environments. For example, a substantial portion of the rigs scheduled for delivery within the next two years are “dual activity” rigs, which are designed with two masts to simultaneously conduct multiple independent complementing activities. We have developed patented handling technology that allows the casing to be connected into triple joints in the auxiliary mast area and, once the well section is drilled to its targeted depth, triple joints can be safely maneuvered over the well bore and installed into the well. Use of this technology in connection with “dual activity” rigs can save 30% or more of rig time during casing running activity.

 

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The following table provides information about our primary products and equipment that complement our tubular services offerings as of June 11, 2013:

 

Product
Family

 

Description

 

Advantages of Our
Products

  Related Patents(1)
      U.S.   International
      Issued   Pending   Issued   Pending
Top Drive Mounted Casing Running Tools   Used to hoist single joints of casing, makeup of casing connections, lower and rotate casing string in the wellbore while simultaneously circulating drilling fluid  

• Grip tubulars internally or externally

 

• Replace certain traditionally manually operated equipment with a single fully mechanized and remotely controlled system, which reduces the risk of injury to personnel

 

• Provides for simultaneous rotation of the pipe and/or circulation while raising or lowering the string, which reduces the risk of stuck pipe

 

• Ability to rotate and/or circulate while lowering or raising which reduces the risk of stuck pipe

  14   4   31   8
Extended Range Slip Type Elevators and Spiders   Innovative pipe handling tools that are used to hoist and support tubular strings in order to lower the string into the wellbore or support the string at the rig floor. The extended range feature allows multiple pipe sizes which may be present in a single string to be gripped effectively without the need to change out or adjust equipment at pipe size changeover points  

• Reduces the risks associated with changing out equipment or reconfiguring a tool in the midst of running a string

 

• Capitalizes on many of the innovations developed over the past three decades of Frank’s development of handling tools, while significantly expanding the functionality and value to the client

 

• Maximum load capabilities of 1,250 tons

 

  8   3   9   13
Elevators   Clamps that hoist casing and tubing for raising or lowering into the borehole  

• Working load ratings exceeding 1,250 tons, which is of great value in deep and ultra-deep water operations

 

• Versatility to perform multiple tasks as a single apparatus

 

• Tools incorporate elevator/spider interlocking feature which detects when proper engagement with the tubular string has been achieved, thereby allowing the companion tool to be released from engagement with the tubular string. This feature assures that at all times either the elevator or the spider has a secure grip on the string prior to the companion tool being allowed to open, which provides for a safer tubular running system

 

• Improved resistance to the crushing of tubulars at high loads

 

  25   13   26   47

 

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Product
Family

 

Description

 

Advantages of Our
Products

  Related Patents(1)
      U.S.   International
      Issued   Pending   Issued   Pending
Spiders   Companion tools to the Elevators, these tools suspend the tubular string from the drill floor while the next joint in the assembly is made up (or backed out)  

• Improved resistance to crushing of the tubular at high loads

 

• Tools incorporate elevator/spider interlocking feature which detects when proper engagement with the tubular string has been achieved, thereby allowing the companion tool to be released from engagement with the tubular string. This feature assures that at all times either the elevator or the spider has a secure grip on the string prior to the companion tool being allowed to open, which provides for a safer tubular running system

  20   11   12   24
  &nb