Manual for Participation in the Extraordinary and Annual Shareholders’ Meeting of Vale S.A. April 30th, 2019

2 Index I. Message from the Management II. Procedures for Participation in the Shareholders’ Meetings 2.1. Participation in Person 2.2. Representation by Proxy 2.3. Participation of Holders of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) 2.4. Participation by Absentee Ballot 2.4.1. Through instructions for completion transmitted to the Company’s depository 2.4.2. Through instructions for completion transmitted to their respective custodians Through sending the Ballot directly to the Company 2.4.3. III. The Vote 3.1. Voting Rights IV. Matters on the Agenda 4.1. Amendment of the head paragraph and paragraph 2 of Article 11 of the Bylaws in order to increase the number of members and respective alternates of the Board of Directors from 12 to 13, and amendment of the head paragraph of Article 15 to change the names of the “Personnel Committee” and the “Governance, Compliance andRisk Committee” to, respectively, “Personnel and Governance Committee” and “Compliance and Risk Committee” 4.2. Evaluation of management’s report and accounts and analysis, discussion and vote on the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 4.3. Proposal for the allocation of profits for the 2018 fiscal year and approval of the proposed Capital

3 Budget 4.4. Election of the members of the Board of Directors 4.4.1. Nominated by Vale’s Employees 4.4.2. Nominated by the signatory shareholders of Vale's Shareholders’ Agreement 4.4.3. Nominated by minority shareholders 4.5. Election of the members of the Fiscal Council 4.5.1 Nominated by the signatory shareholders of Vale’s Shareholders’ 4.5.2 Nominated by minority shareholders 4.6. Setting the compensation of management and members of the Fiscal Council for the year 2019 V. Additional Information VI. Proxy Vote Template EXHIBITS – Documents Attached to the Manual Exhibit I – Management’s comments on Vale’s financial situation, pursuant to item 10 of the Reference Form under the provisions set forth in Article 9, item III of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - “CVM”) Instruction No. 481/2009, as amended (“CVM Instruction 481/2009”); Exhibit II – Proposal of the Executive Board for the allocation of profits from the year ended December 31, 2018 and its respective exhibit, under Article 9, II, of CVM Instruction 481/2009 (Exhibit 9-1-II) and, also, the Proposed Capital Budget for the purposes of Article 196 of Law 6,404/1976; Exhibit III – Proposal for compensation of management and information related to item 13 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Article 12, item II of CVM Instruction 481/2009;

4 Exhibit IV – Presentation on the global management compensation; Exhibit V – Opinion of the Board of Directors dated 3/27/2019; Exhibit VI – Opinions of the Fiscal Council of Vale S.A. dated 3/27/2019; Exhibit VII – Report in the form of a table, showing the origin and justification of the proposed amendments to Vale’s By-Laws, including their possible legal and economic effects, as well as the draft of Vale’s By-Laws, highlighting the proposed text for the provisions of the by-laws to be amended, as set forth in Article 11 of CVM Instruction 481/2009; Exhibit VIII – Information on candidates proposed by minority shareholders to the Board of Directors and Fiscal Council.

5 I. Message from the Management To Whom it May Concern, Vale S.A. ("Vale” or “Company”) invites its shareholders to participate in the Extraordinary and Annual Shareholders’ Meetings (“Meetings”), called for April 30, 2019, at 10 a.m., to be held, cumulatively, at the address Praia de Botafogo no. 186, auditorium, neighborhood of Botafogo, City of Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro. The registration of shareholders starts at 8:30 a.m. With the purpose of facilitating and encouraging your participation, we are sending the Manual for Participation in the Meetings, which contains all information and instructions necessary for the shareholders’ participation, as well as guidelines on the exercise of the right of vote in the Meetings. This Manual was prepared within the Company’s transparency principles and in compliance with the best practices of corporate governance, putting together in a single document all materials made available by Vale for the Meetings. The following subjects will be addressed for approval: Item I Amendment of the head paragraph and paragraph 2 of Article 11 of the Bylaws in order to increase the number of members and respective alternates of the Board of Directors from 12 to 13, and amendment of the head paragraph of Article 15 to change the names of the “Personnel Committee” and the “Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee” to, respectively, “Personnel and Governance Committee” and “Compliance and Risk Committee”; Item II Evaluation of management’s report and analysis, discussion and vote on the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018; Item III Proposal for the allocation of profits for the year 2018, and the consequent approval of Vale’s Capital Budget, for the purposes of Article 196 of Law 6,404/1976;

6 Item IV Election of the members of the Board of Directors; Item V Election of the members of the Fiscal Council; and Item VI Setting the compensation of management and members of the Fiscal Council for the year 2019. We are counting on your participation in the Meetings, which will address issues that are relevant to the Company. We understand that the information provided herein enables our shareholders to take a position in advance and facilitates decision-making. Our Investor Relations team is prepared and available to answer any questions.

7 II.Procedures for Participation in the Shareholders’ Meetings The shareholders’ participation in Vale’s Meetings is of utmost importance. The presence of at least, (a) 2/3 (two thirds) of the Company’s capital stock with voting rights is necessary for the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting to be held, which will address the matter set forth in item (I) of the Agenda, and (b) ¼ (one fourth) of the Company’s capital stock with voting rights is necessary for the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting to be held, which will address the matters set forth in items (II) to (VI) of the Agenda. If either of these quorums is not met, the Company will publish a new Notice of Meeting announcing the new date for the Meeting(s) to be held at second call, as the case may be, to address the pending matter(s), which can, then, be held with the presence of any number of shareholders. Vale’s shareholders may attend the Shareholders’ Meetings in person, by a duly constituted proxy, or by sending an absentee ballot, pursuant to CVM Instruction 481/2009. 2.1. Participation in Person The following documents are required for shareholders to participate in person in the Meetings: Individual valid photo I.D. (original or certified copy) of the shareholder. The following documents may be submitted: (i) Identity Card (RG); (ii) Foreigner’s Identity Card (RNE); (iii) Passport; (iv) Professional Association card accepted as identification for legal purposes (for example, OAB, CRM, CRC, CREA); or (v) Driver’s License (CNH). proof of ownership of shares issued by Vale issued by the depository financial institution or custodian up to four (4) business days before the date of the Meetings. Legal Entity valid photo I.D. of the legal representative (originalorcertifiedcopy).Thefollowing documents may be submitted: (i) Identity Card

8 We remind you that the documents will be checked before the beginning of the Meetings to ensure they are in order. For this reason, shareholders are requested to appear at the location of the Meetings starting at 8:30 a.m. on 4/30/2019, so that the documents necessary for their participation can be duly checked in a timely manner. 2.2.Participation by Proxy Shareholder participation in the Meetings can be through a duly constituted proxy, observing the terms of Article 126, paragraph 1 of Law No. 6,404 of December 15, 1976, as amended (“Law 6,404/1976”). The proxy must have been nominated less than one (1) year previously and be a shareholder or a manager of the Company, a lawyer registered with the Brazilian Bar Association (Ordem de Advogados do Brasil – (RG) or Foreigner’s Identity Card (RNE); (ii) Passport; (iii) Professional Association card accepted as identification for legal purposes (for example, OAB, CRM, CRC, CREA); or (iv) Driver’s License (CNH). documents proving representation, including the proxy appointment and copy of the formation documents and of the minutes of the election of the directors, and, in the case of investment fund, copies of (i) the fund by-laws in force, (ii) the formation documents of its director or manager, as the case may be, and (iii) the minutes of the election of such directors. If such documents are in a foreign language, they must be translated into Portuguese by a sworn translator, and notarization and consularization shall not be necessary. It should be noted that documents in English and Spanish do not need to be translated. proof of ownership of shares issued by Vale issued by the depository financial institution or custodian up to four (4) business days before the date of the Meetings.

9 OAB), or a financial institution, and the members of investment funds must be represented by their fund management company. Pursuant to the provisions set forth in Circular-Letter/CVM/SEP/no. 03/2019, shareholders that are legal entities may be represented in the shareholders’ meetings by their legal representatives or by a duly constituted proxy in accordance with the provisions of their respective formation documents and the Brazilian Civil Code. In this specific case, it is not required that the proxy of the legal entity shareholder be a shareholder, investment fund shareholders, CVM Administrative Proceeding shareholders’ meetings through a company manager or a lawyer. Accordingly, pursuant to the decision of the CVM Board under no. RJ-2014-3578, may be represented in the legal representatives or through proxies duly constituted by their manager or director, in accordance with their by-laws. In any case, it should be noted that legal entity shareholders and investment fund shareholders who wish to be represented in the Meetings by proxy must submit, in addition to the proxy appointment and proxy’s I.D., all the documents mentioned in item 2.1 above. Any proxy written in a foreign language must be accompanied by the corporate documents, in the case of a legal entity, and the proxy instrument, all duly translated into Portuguese by a sworn translator, and notarization and consularization shall not be necessary. It should be noted that documents in English and Spanish do not need to be translated. In item VI of this Manual, there is a proxy template for the shareholders’ reference. Shareholders may also use proxies other than that suggested in this Manual, as long as they are in accordance with the provisions of Law 6,404/1976 and the Brazilian Civil Code. To expedite the process of conducting the Meetings, those shareholders represented through a power of attorney (proxy) may, at their sole and exclusive discretion, send the representation documents at least 72 (seventy-two) hours prior to aforementioned Meetings, to the following address: Attn: Investor Relations Office Praia de Botafogo, no. 186, 18 andar, Torre Oscar Niemeyer, Botafogo, in the City of Rio de Janeiro – RJ, CEP 22250-145

10 Despite the above-mentioned deadline, we point out that the shareholder who appears by the start of the Meetings with the required documents will be entitled to participate and vote, even if he or she has not submitted them to the Company in advance. We remind you that the representation documents will be checked before the beginning of the Meetings to ensure they are in order. For this reason, shareholders are requested to kindly arrive in advance of the Meetings so that the documents necessary for their participation can be duly checked in timely manner for their participation. 2.3. Participation of Holders of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) Holders of ADSs may attend the Meetings, in which they will be represented by Citibank N.A. (“Citibank”), as a depository financial institution, observing the terms and procedures set forth in the “Deposit Agreement” signed with Vale. Citibank will send the voting cards (proxies) to the ADS holders so that they may exercise their voting rights and will be represented in the Meetings through its representative in Brazil, Banco Bradesco S.A. (“Bradesco”). 2.4.Participation by Absentee Ballot As set forth in Articles 21-A et seq. of CVM Instruction 481/2009, the Company’s shareholders may send, as of this date, their voting instructions with respect to the matters addressed at the Meetings by completing and sending the absentee ballot (“Ballot”). The content of the Ballot should reflect Exhibit 21-F of CVM Instruction 481/2009, which unites all the proposals for vote included in the Meetings’ Agenda. The Ballot must: • be accessed, to be printed and completed in advance, under the banner “AGE/O 4/30/2019” on the first page of the Company’s website (www.vale.com), as well as on the website of the CVM; and be received at least seven (7) days prior to the date of the Meetings, i.e., by April 23, 2019 (inclusive). Any voting ballots received after this date will be • disregarded. The shareholder opting to exercise his or her vote through the Ballot must do so through one of the following options: (i) through instructions for completion transmitted to the Company’s depository;

11 (ii) through instructions for completion transmitted to their respective custodians, in the case of shareholders holding shares deposited in a central depository of B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (“B3”); or (iii) through sending the Ballot directly to the Company. After the deadline for absentee voting, namely, as of April 23, 2019, the shareholders can no longer change the voting instructions sent, except at the Meetings, in person or through a duly constituted proxy, upon specific request to disregard the voting instructions sent by Ballot, before the respective matter is put up to vote. 2.4.1. Through instructions for completion transmitted to the Company’s depository This option is exclusively for shareholders holding shares deposited with Bradesco and that are not deposited in the central depository of B3: The shareholder holding shares that are not deposited in the central depository – namely, at the B3 – and who opts to exercise his or her right to absentee voting through providers of depository services of the Company’s shares, Bradesco, shall appear at any one of Bradesco’s branches at least 7 days before the date of the Meetings, during the local banking hours, and submit the completed Ballot, initialed and signed, as well as the documents identified in the table below, so that the information in the Ballot may be transferred to Bradesco’s systems. * Types of I.D. accepted: RG, RNE, CNH, Passport and officially recognized professional association card. ** For investment funds, manager and/or administrator documents, observing the voting policy. Under Art. 21-B of CVM Instruction 481/2009, the shareholder must transmit the instructions for completing the Ballot to the depository agent at least seven (7) days before the Meetings are conducted, i.e., by April 23, 2019 (inclusive). Shareholders with questions may contact Bradesco as follows: PHONE: 0800 701 1616 Documents to be submitted at the Bradesco branch, together with the Ballot Individual Legal Entity Investment Fund CPF and Photo ID of the shareholder or legal representative * X X X Formation Documents, restated and updated ** - X X Document proving powers of representation ** - X X Restated and updated fund by-laws - - X

12 e-mail: 4010.acecustodia@bradesco.com.br Bradesco informs that the information above was inserted solely so the shareholder can have a channel to ask any questions related to sending the ballot to the depository agent. However, Bradesco shall not accept the receipt of Ballots through electronic mail, and only ballots submitted through any Bradesco branch shall be considered, in the terms and conditions set forth in this Manual. 2.4.2. Throughinstructionsforcompletiontransmittedtotheir respective custodians This option is exclusively for shareholders holding shares under custody of the central depository – i.e., at the B3. In this case, the absentee vote shall be exercised by shareholders in accordance with the procedures adopted by their respective custodians. The shareholder holding the shares deposited in the Central Depository of the B3 and who opts to exercise his or her right to absentee vote through service providers must transmit their voting instructions to their respective custodians, observing the rules established by them, which, in turn, shall forward such voting intentions to the Central Depository of the B3. To do so, the shareholders should get in touch with their respective custodians and check the procedures established by them to issue the voting instructions through the Ballot, as well as the documents and information they require to exercise such right. Under Art. 21-B of CVM Instruction 481/2009, the shareholder must transmit the instructions for completing the Ballot to their custodians at least seven days before the Meetings are conducted, i.e., by April 23, 2019 (inclusive), unless a different deadline, which must be before such date, is established by their custodians. Please note that, as established by Art. 21-S of CVM Instruction 481/2009, the Central Depository of the B3, upon receiving voting instructions of shareholders through their respective custodians, will disregard any instructions differing from that same vote that may have been issued by the same CPF (Individual Taxpayer Number) or CNPJ (Corporate Taxpayer Number). 2.4.3. Through sending the Ballot directly to the Company

13 The shareholders may also, as an alternative to the procedures described in items 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 above, send their Ballots directly to the Company. To do so, the shareholders must print the Ballot – which is available on the IPE System and also informed in the “AGE/O 4.30.2019” banner, located on the first page of the Company’s website (www.vale.com), as well as on the CVM’s website –, complete it, initial all the pages and sign it, noting that the Company does not require certified signatures on Ballots issued in Brazil or notarization of those issued outside of Brazil. Then, the shareholders must send the Ballot, duly completed, initialed and signed, and with the signatory’s signature certified or notarized, as applicable, to the following mailing address: Praia de Botafogo, 186, 18 andar, Torre Oscar Niemeyer, Botafogo, in the City of Rio de Janeiro – RJ, CEP 22250-145, to the attention of the Investor Relations Office, together with a copy of the documents described below: Individuals valid photo I.D. of the shareholder. The following documents may be submitted: (i) Identity Card (RG); (ii) Foreigner’s Identity Card (RNE); (iii) Passport; (iv) Professional Association card accepted as identification for legal purposes (for example, OAB, CRM, CRC, CREA); or (v) Driver’s License (CNH). Legal entities documents proving representation, including copy of the formation documents and of the minutes of the election of the directors, and, in the case of investment fund, copy (i) of fund by-laws in force; (ii) of the formation documents of its director or manager, as the case may be, and (iii) of minutes of the election of such directors. If such documents are in a foreign language, they must be translated into Portuguese by a sworn translator, and notarization and consularization shall not be necessary. It should be noted that documents in English and Spanish do not need to be translated. valid photo I.D. of the legal representative. The following documents may be submitted: (i) Identity Card (RG) or Foreigner’s Identity Card (RNE); (ii) Passport; (iii) Professional Association card accepted as identification for legal purposes (for example, OAB, CRM, CRC, CREA); or (iv) Driver’s License (CNH).

14 The shareholder may also, if he or she prefers, send the documents to the Company in advance, by sending digitalized copies of the Ballot and the documents referred to above to the email address vale.ri@vale.com. Either way, it is indispensable that the Company receives the original (physical) copy of the Ballot and copies of the other documents sent before via email by the shareholder within seven (7) days before the Meetings, i.e., by April 23, 2019, (inclusive), to the address mentioned above in this item 2.4.3. Within three (3) days after receipt of such documents, the Company shall contact the shareholder, via the email address listed in item 2.1 of the Ballot, to confirm its receipt and acceptance. If the Ballot is not properly completed or accompanied by the documents of proof described above, it will be disregarded and such fact shall be informed to the shareholder via digital communication sent to the email address listed in item 2.1 of the Ballot, which will indicate the need to resend the Ballot or the accompanying documents (provided that there is sufficient time), describing the procedures and deadlines needed to correct the absentee vote. During the voting period, the shareholder may send new voting instructions to the Company, if he or she understands it is necessary, and the voting map of the Company shall consider the last voting instruction submitted. If there are differences between the Ballot received directly by the Company and the voting instruction contained in the voting map provided by the depository or by the respective custodian for the same CPF of CNPJ number, the voting instruction of the depository or the respective custodian shall prevail, pursuant to the provisions of article 21-W, paragraph 2 of CVM Instruction 481/2009. Vale stresses that: Ballots sent by shareholders who are not eligible to vote in the Meetings or in the respective vote shall not be considered for purposes of vote calculation; for the purposes of vote calculation, only the shares held by each shareholder on the date the Meetings are conducted will be considered, regardless of the date the respective Ballot is sent; so, if the shareholder sells shares between the date the respective Ballot is sent and the date the Meetings are conducted, the votes related to the shares sold will be disregarded;

15 voting instructions from a certain CPF or CNPJ shall be attributed to all the shares held by that CPF or CNPJ, according to the shareholding positions provided by the depository or by the respective custodian on the date of the Meetings; the shareholders must note to not complete the Ballot items in a conflict way (e.g. (a) the completion of favorable instructions simultaneously to items related to the separate election (items 35 and 36), the majority election by slate (items 28 to 31) or the majority election by candidate (items 32 to 34), (b) the completion of favorable instructions simultaneously to items related to the majority election by slate (items 28 to 31) and to the majority election by candidate (items 32 to 34), or (c) to instruct that, in case of multiple vote, their votes must be distributed by equal percentage by the candidates chosen (items 30 and 33) at the same time in which, in the following item, indicates percentages incompatible to the favorable completion of the first instruction), under penalty of such votes being considered invalid and, therefore, disregarded.

16 III. The Vote 3.1. Voting Rights Pursuant to Article 5 of Vale's By-Laws, each common share and each special-class preferred share issued by the Company gives the right to one vote in the resolutions of the Meetings’ Agenda, and the special-class preferred shares do not give voting rights in the resolution on the election of the members of the Board of Directors, except as provided under paragraphs 4 and 5 of Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976. The holder of the special-class preferred shares shall have the right to elect, in a separate vote, one member of the Fiscal Council and his or her respective alternate. Thus, shareholders who hold common shares may vote on all matters in the Meetings’ agenda, except for the separate election of members of the Fiscal Council by holders of preferred shares of the special class, if applicable. Holders of preferred shares, in turn, may vote on all matters in the Meetings’ agenda, with the exception of: (i) the election of members of the Board of Directors, except, if applicable, the scenario of a separate election by holders of preferred shares jointly with holders of common shares; and (ii) the election of members of the Fiscal Council by holders of common shares. Also according to Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976, only shareholders who prove the uninterrupted ownership of the shareholding required by the By-Laws and the laws in force during the period of at least three (3) months immediately prior to the holding of the Meetings may participate in any separate election of a member of the Board of Directors. In addition to the provisions above, we recall that, pursuant to Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976, combined with CVM Instruction No. 165/1991, as amended by CVM Instruction No. 282/1998, the minimum percentage of shareholding in Vale’s voting capital required to request cumulative voting for the election of members of the Board of Directors is 5% (five percent) of the voting capital. In the cumulative voting procedures, each share will have as many votes as there are positions to fill, and the shareholder can focus them on one candidate or distribute them among several candidates.

17 IV. Matters on the Agenda All documents regarding the Agenda of the Vale Shareholders’ Meetings are available to the shareholders at the main offices of Vale, on its website (www.vale.com) and on the websites of the CVM (www.cvm.gov.br), the B3 (www.b3.com.br), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (www.sec.gov). 4.1.Amendment to Vale’s By-Laws Amendment of the head paragraph and paragraph 2 of Article 11 of Vale’s By-Laws to increase the number of members and respective alternates of the Board of Directors from 12 to 13, and amendment of the head paragraph of Article 15 to change the names of the “Personnel Committee” and the “Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee” to, respectively, “Personnel and Governance Committee” and “Compliance and Risk Committee.” To vote on this matter, the following documents are made available to the shareholders: a report, in the form of a table, detailing the origin and justification of the proposed amendments, including their possible legal and economic effects, as well as the draft of Vale’s By-Laws, highlighting the proposed text for each provisions of the by-laws to be amended, as set forth in Article 11 of CVM Instruction 481/2009. 4.2 Evaluation of management’s report and analysis, discussion and vote on the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 To vote on this matter, the following documents are available to the shareholders: (a) the Management Report and the Financial Statements related to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and the Opinion of the Independent Auditors (KPMG Auditores Independentes), published in the newspapers on March 29, 2019, as required by law in force; (b) the Opinions of the Board of Directors and Fiscal Council dated March 27, 2019; (c) the 2018 DFP Form (Standardized Financial Statements); and (d) management’s comments on Vale’s financial situation, pursuant to item 10 of the Reference Form under the provisions set forth in Article 9, item III of CVM

18 Instruction No. 481/2009, and its subsequent amendments, attached hereto as Exhibit II. 4.3 Proposal for the allocation of profits for the 2018 fiscal year, and the consequent approval of Vale’s Proposed Capital Budget, for the purposes of Article 196 of Law 6,404/1976 To vote on this matter, the following documents are available to the shareholders: (a) the Proposal of the Executive Board for the allocation of profits from the year ended December 31, 2018, together with its exhibit under CVM Instruction 481/2009 (Exhibit 9-1-II); (b) the proposed Capital Budget, for the purposes of Article 196 of Law 6,404/1976; and (c) the Opinion of the Fiscal Council on the allocation of profits and the Opinions of the Board of Directors, dated March 27, 2019. 4.4.Election of the members of the Board of Directors Pursuant to Article 11 of Vale’s By-Laws and considering that the proposed amendment to the By-Laws referred to in item 4.1 above is approved, the Board of Directors shall be composed of 13 principal members and their respective alternates, one of whom shall be elected and removed, in a separate vote, by the Company’s employees collectively, under the terms established in paragraph 2 of the same article. For more information on those chosen by the employees collectively to hold office as principal member and alternate member, see item 4.4.2 below. In addition to the above, considering that the proposed amendment of the By-laws referred to in item 4.1 above is approved as set forth in Article 11, paragraph 3 and the sole paragraph of Article 51 of the By-Laws, at least two (2) principal members and their respective alternates on the Board of Directors must be independent board members, as defined in the B3 Novo Mercado Regulation now in force, and expressly declared as such in the minutes of the Shareholders’ Meetings electing them; in addition, the members of the Board of Directors who may be elected in a separate vote

19 shall be considered independent. It should be noted that the procedures listed in Article 17, I and II of the B3 Novo Mercado Regulations shall only be observed in the process of election of members of the Board of Directors of the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting of 2021, as provided in the Regulation itself. In order to be considered as Independent Board Members, the candidates must submit, before the vote, a justified statement attesting to their compliance with the criteria of independence. The unified term of office of the members of the Board of Directors is two (2) years, reelection being permitted. Accordingly, the members of the Board of Directors who are elected at the Meetings shall stay in office until the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting of 2021. The election of members of the Board of Directors shall comply with the provisions of laws in force and Vale’s By-Laws. In the event the proposed amendment to the By-Laws referred to in item 4.1 is rejected, the Board of Directors will be comprised of 12 principal members and their respective alternates, respecting the provisions in the By-Laws set forth above. The Absentee Ballot considers the scenario of approval of the amendment to the By-Laws referred to in item 4.1 above. In case the amendment to the By-laws is rejected, the indication of Mrs. Clarissa Araújo Lins, candidate for independent member, will no longer compose the ticket for election. We highlight the importance of the shareholders filling in the item 4 of the Absentee Ballot (“In case one of the candidates that compose the chosen ticket is no longer part of it, the votes corresponding to your shares can still be attributed to the referred ticket?”). Law 6,404/1976 establishes, as a rule, the election of members of the Board of Directors by a majority vote, in which those who gather the single ticket or candidates greatest number of votes of those present at the Meetings will be elected. In order to ensure, however, the proportional nature of filling the positions on the Board of Directors, the law created two other electoral mechanisms that grant relevant minority shareholders with material shareholding the possibility to elect members to the Board of Directors, namely: Separate vote

20 Pursuant to Law 6,404/1976, the right to elect a member and his or her respective alternate to the Board of Directors, in a separate vote, is guaranteed to non-controlling shareholders holding (i) common shares representing at least 15% of the voting capital, and (ii) preferred shares without voting rights or restricted voting rights representing at least 10% of the capital stock, excluding shares held in treasury from the total shares or the total number of shares with voting rights. Considering that the Company has only 12 special-class preferred shares (“Golden Shares”), the holder of such shares is not entitled to individually elect a separate member under the terms of paragraph 4 of Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976. However, if the holders of common shares do not reach a quorum of 15% of the total number of common shares issued by Vale, they shall be entitled to separately elect a member as set forth in Article 141, Paragraph 5 of Law 6,404/1976. The exercise of the right to a separate election shall be guaranteed only to shareholders who prove the uninterrupted ownership of their shares during the period of at least three (3) months immediately prior to the holding of the Meetings. Shareholders who opt to take part in the separate election for member of the Board of Directors may not take part in the majority (or cumulative voting) election process, in order to prevent the shares from voting twice. Likewise, shares that have been used in the majority (or cumulative voting) process cannot be used in the separate election process. Cumulative vote Pursuant to Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976 combined with CVM Instruction No. 165/1991, amended by CVM Instruction No. 282/1998, the minimum percentage of shareholding in Vale’s voting capital required to request cumulative voting for the election of members of the Board of Directors is 5% (five percent) of the voting capital. In the cumulative voting procedures, each share will have as many votes as there are positions to fill, and the shareholder can focus them on one candidate or distribute them among several candidates. Also according to Article 141 of Law 6,404/1976, any requests for adoption of the cumulative vote procedure will only be considered valid if received by the Company at least forty-eight (48) hours before the Meetings (i.e., by 10:00 a.m. on April 28, 2019).

21 If the cumulative vote procedure is validly requested by shareholders representing at least 5% (five percent) of the voting capital of the Company, the board of the Meetings shall inform, prior to the vote, the number of votes required to secure the election of each member of the Board of Directors, considering the total number of shareholders present with the right to take part in such resolution. Shareholders who opt to take part in the separate election for member of the Board of Directors may not take part in the majority (or cumulative vote) election process, in order to prevent the shares from voting twice. Likewise, shares that have been used in the majority (or cumulative vote) process cannot be used in the separate election process. In addition, once the cumulative voting procedure for the election of members of the Board of Directors has been adopted, the votes cast by a shareholder who, through Ballot, has opted to abstain from the item of prior distribution of votes to the candidates informed in the Ballot, are considered as abstention in the respective resolution of the Meetings, such that the votes of such shareholders are not included in the quorum of resolution, and therefore these shareholders do not take part in the process of electing the members of the Board of Directors. General notes Pursuant to item 2.4.2, the shareholders must note to not complete the Ballot items in a conflict way (e.g. (a) the completion of favorable instructions simultaneously to items related to the separate election (items 35 and 36), the majority election by slate (items 28 to 31) or the majority election by candidate (items 32 to 34), (b) the completion of favorable instructions simultaneously to items related to the majority election by slate (items 28 to 31) and to the majority election by candidate (items 32 to 34), or (c) to instruct that, in case of multiple vote, their votes must be distributed by equal percentage by the candidates chosen (items 30 and 33) at the same time in which, in the following item, indicates percentages incompatible to the favorable completion of the first instruction), under penalty of such votes being considered invalid and, therefore, disregarded.

22 4.4.1 Members Nominated by Vale’s Employees As provided in Paragraph 2 of Article 11 of the Company’s By-Laws, one member of the Board of Directors and his or her alternate shall be elected and removed, in a separate vote, by Vale’s employees collectively. Thus, the process of direct voting, by Vale’s employees collectively, of one member of the Company’s Board of Directors and his or her respective alternate was conducted by an Electoral Board especially created for this purpose. All employees were invited to run for the position, and twenty (20) tickets for election were formed. The elections were held in February 2019, and after counting of the votes, and confirmation of the result, Ticket 7 - Union and Strength, formed by Mr. Lucio Azevedo and Mr. Iran da Cunha Santos, respectively, principal and alternate, received the highest number of votes. The information below (subject to the terms of items 12.5 to 12.10 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Exhibit 24 of CVM Instruction 480/2009, by virtue of the guidelines set forth in Circular-Letter/CVM/SEP/no. 03/2019), with respect to the members chosen by the employees, whose election shall be approved at the Meetings. Directors Meeting is held Name Lucio Azevedo Iran da Cunha Santos Date of Birth December 8, 1958 June 16, 1963 Profession Machine Engineer Electrician CPF/MF (Individual Taxpayer Number) or Passport 526.635.317-15 611.015.677-91 Elected position to hold Principal Member of the Board of Directors Alternate Member of the Board of Election date April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 Date of investiture By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 Term of Mandate Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Other positions held or duties exercised at Vale Not Applicable Not Applicable Nominated/Elected by the controlling shareholder? (1) No No Independent member? N/A N/A Number of consecutive terms 2 0

23 Main professional experience: Lucio Azevedo He has been a member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since April 2015) and an Employee of Vale S.A. (since 1985), holding the position of machine engineer, assigned to the Trade Union of Railway Company Workers of the States of Maranhão, Pará and Tocantins. His main professional experience in the last 5 years is being the President of the Trade Union of Railway Company Worker of the States of Maranhão, Pará and Tocantins (since 2013), a professional class association. Mr. Lucio Azevedo did not complete high school education Iran da Cunha Santos He was chosen by Vale’s employees for the position of Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors; he has been an employee of Vale in the position of Port Operations Technician II (since February 2017), a position from which he is On Leave to Pursue Union Activities with the Trade Union of Workers in the Ore Prospecting, Research and Extraction Industry in the State of Rio de Janeiro – SINDIMINA/RJ. In 2001, he began his career as a Maintenance Operator I of Vale’s subsidiary, Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba - CPBS, where he also held the positions of Port Operations Supervisor, Specialized Maintenance Technician, Control and Process Technician II and Port Operations Technician II. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes acting as President of SINDIMINA/RJ (since July 2012). He earned a degree as an Electronics Technician from Colégio Campo Grande in December 1986. Declarations Judicial and administrative convictions (including criminal). The candidates above declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that, over the past five (5) years, they were not subject to (i) any criminal conviction, (ii) any adverse judgment in an administrative proceeding from the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission, or (iii) any conviction in a final and unappealable decision, at a judicial or administrative level, that has suspended or disqualified them from performing of any professional or commercial activity. Marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree.

24 The candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that there is no marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree between them and (i) Vale’s managers; (ii) the managers of direct or indirect subsidiaries of Vale; (iii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; and (iv) the managers of the direct and indirect parent companies of Vale. Relations of Subordination, Provision of Service or Control. The candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that, although they are employees of Vale, they were assigned to the aforementioned trade unions pursuant to the terms of the law in force, and that, therefore, there have been no relations of subordination, provision of service or control, in the past three (3) fiscal years, between them and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; or (iii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above. Declaration of Politically-Exposed Person All candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, they are not politically exposed persons under the applicable regulations. Percentage of Attendance at Meetings of the Board of Directors during the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2018 member at meetings held Percentage of Attendance at Meetings of Committees during the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2018 Mr. Lucio Azevedo and Mr. Iran da Cunha Santos have not held positions on the Company's Committees in the last fiscal year. Board of Directors Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the Director % of attendance of the after investiture Lucio Azevedo 16 81% Iran da Cunha Santos N/A N/A

25 4.4.2Nominated by the signatory shareholders of Vale S.A.’s Shareholders’ Agreement In accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of CVM Instruction 481/2009 and the guidelines, the table below shows the information on the candidates nominated for election/reelection by the signatory shareholders of Vale's Shareholders’ Agreement dated August 14, 2017, for the positions of principal and alternate members of the Board of Directors, under items 12.5 to 12.10 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Exhibit 24 to CVM Instruction 480/2009, by virtue of the guidelines set forth in Circular-Letter/CVM/SEP/no. 03/2019. We inform that the Board of Directors has recommended that the shareholders approve the below ticket.

26 DE ARAÚJO Memberof Directors Shareholders’ Finance the Committee November 2017). PRINCIPAL MEMBERS Name JOSÉ MAURÍCIO PEREIRA COELHO MARCIO HAMILTON FERREIRA MARCEL JUVINIANO BARROS MARCELO AUGUSTO DUTRA LABUTO FERNANDO JORGE BUSO GOMES EDUARDO DE OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES FILHO OSCAR AUGUSTO DE CAMARGO FILHO TOSHIYA ASAHI JOSÉ LUCIANO DUARTE PENIDO ISABELLA SABOYA DE ALBUQUERQ UE SANDRA MARIA GUERRA DE AZEVEDO CLARISSA LINS Date of Birth August 4, 1966 January 27, 1972 September 5, 1962 September 3, 1971 June 6, 1956 August 20,1954 March 9, 1938 December 16, 1966 March 8, 1948 August 25, 1970 April 27, 1955 April 12, 1967 Profession Banker Business Administrator Banker Banker Banker Engineer Lawyer Degree in Metallurgical Engineering Mining Engineer Securities Consultant Business-woman Economist CPF/MF or Passport 853.535.907-91 457.923.641-68 029.310.198-10 536.238.081-53 370.624.177-34 442.810.487-15 030.754.948-87 055.107.797-21 091.760.806-25 017.919.007-55 947.562.798-72 851.458.317-49 Elected position to hold Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal Member of the Boardof Directors Principal the Board of Election date April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 Date of investiture By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 Term of Mandate Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Meetingis held Other positions held or duties exercised at Vale N/A N/A Member of the Personnel Committee (since November 2017). N/A Member of the Finance Committee (since April 2015), Coordinator of the Sustainability Committee and Member of the Personnel Committee (since November 2017). Member of the Committee (since 2011) and member of the Sustainability Committee (since November Coordinator of the Personnel Committee (since November 2017). N/A N/A N/A Member of the Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee (since November 2017). Member of Sustainability (since 2017). Nominated/ Elected by the controlling Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No

27 shareholder? Independent member No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Number of consecutive terms N/A N/A 5 N/A 2 5 9 1 0 1 1 0

28 SEABRA Annual Meeting is held Applicable Compliance November ALTERNATE MEMBERS Name ARTHUR PRADO SILVA GILMAR DALILO CEZAR WANDERLEY MARCIA FRAGOSO SOARES IVAN LUIZ MODESTO SCHARA JOHAN ALBINO RIBEIRO vacant HUGO SERRADO STOFFEL YOSHITOMO NISHIMITSU vacant ADRIANO CIVES vacant vacant Date of Birth April 29, 1972 August 30, 1979 April 23, 1965 October 18, 1966 February 6, 1957 Not Applicable July 23, 1954 August 5, 1975 Not Applicable June 19, 1972 Not Applicable Not Applicable Profession Banker Economist Civil Engineer Economist Lawyer Not Applicable Administrator Geologist Not Applicable Engineer Not Applicable Not Applicable CPF/MF or Passport 991.897.047-20 084.489.987-90 863.363.477-53 888.693.267-72 001.307.978-63 Not Applicable 304.429.237-91 060.569.787-61 Not Applicable 016.480.547-81 Not Applicable Not Applicable Elected position to hold Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Member of the Boardof Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Memberof the Board of Directors Alternate Member of the Boardof Directors Election date April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 Date of investiture By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 Term of Mandate Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meetingis held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2021 Shareholders’ Other positions held or duties exercised at Vale Member of the Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee (since November 2017). Member of the Finance Committee (since September 2014). N/A N/A N/A Not Applicable N/A Member of the Governance, and Risk Committee (since 2017). Not N/A Not Applicable Not Applicable Nominated/Elected by the controlling shareholder? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Not Applicable Yes Yes Not Applicable No Not Applicable Not Applicable Independent member No No No No No Not Applicable No No Not Applicable Yes Not Applicable Not Applicable Number of consecutive terms 2 1 0 0 0 Not Applicable 0 2 Not Applicable 0 Not Applicable Not Applicable

29 Main professional experience: Principal members: José Maurício Pereira Coelho He is a candidate to be a principal member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Chief Executive Officer (from 2017 to 2018) and member of the Board of Directors (from 2017 to 2018) of BB Seguridade Participações S.A., a company in the security business; (ii) Vice President of Financial Management and Investor Relations (from 2015 to 2017) and Chief Financial Officer (from 2012 to 2015) of Banco do Brasil S.A., a company in the commercial banking business; (iii) Member of the Board of Directors of Cielo S.A. (from 2012 to 2017); (iv) Member of the Board of Directors and Chairman of the Board of Directors of BB Mapfre SH1 Participações S.A., a company in the insurance business (from 2017 to 2018); (v) Member of the Board of Directors of CNSeg – Confederação Nacional das Empresas de Seguros Sociais, a company in the commercial banking business (from 2017 to 2018); (vi) President of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – Previ (since 2018), a private pension entity holding an indirect interest in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which, in turn, is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (vii) Member of the Board of Directors of Ultrapar Participações S.A., a company engaged in the distribution of fuels, chemicals, logistics for liquid bulk and pharmaceutical retail (since 2015); (viii) Member of the Board of Directors of IRB – Instituto de Resseguros do Brasil, a reinsurance company (since 2017); (ix) Chairman of the Advisory Board of Abrapp – Associação Brasileira das Entidades Fechadas de Previdência Complementar, a private pension company (since 2018). He holds a degree in Accounting from UNIGRANRIO, completed in 1990, he completed an MBA in Finance and Capital Markets from FGV-RJ in 1999, and completed a Specialization in Governance from FGV-RJ in 2003. Marcio Hamilton Ferreira He is a candidate to be a principal member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Vice President of Internal Controls and Risk Management (from 2017 to 2018) and Vice President of Wholesale Business (since 2017) of Banco do Brasil, a financial company; (ii) Chief Executive Officer of Distribuidora de Ativos e Valores Mobiliários S.A. – BB DTVM, a financial company (from 2015 to 2016); (iii) Investment Officer (from June 2014 to November 2015) and Chairman of the Advisory Board of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI, a company in the private pension business (since February

30 2019); (iv) Chief Executive Officer of BB Banco de Investimento S.A., a financial company (since 2019); (v) Chief Executive Officer of BB Leasing S.A., a financial company (since February 2019); (vi) Member of the Executive Board of Federação Brasileira de Bancos – Febraban, a financial company (since 2017); (vii) Member of the Board of Directors of Neoenergia S.A., an energy company (since April 2017); (viii) Member of the Board of Directors of Quod – Gestora de Crédito, a financial company (since May 2017); (ix) Member of the Advisory Board of FGC – Fundo Garantidor de Crédito, a financial company (since November 2017); and (x) Chairman of the Board of Directors of BBDTVM, a financial company (since September 2017)). He has a degree in Business Administration from FAAB – Faculdade de Administração de Brasília completed in December 2006 and he completed a Specialization in Basic Training for Senior Executives from FGV – Fundação Getúlio Vargas in December 2005. Marcel Juviniano Barros He has been a Principal Member of the Board of Directors (since October 2012) and a Member of the Personnel Committee of Vale (since November 2017), where he also served as a Member of the Executive Development Committee (from February 2013 to October 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Officer of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI (since 2012), a private pension entity holding an indirect interest in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which, in turn, is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; and (ii) Principal Member of Valepar’s Board of Directors (from 2012 to August 2017), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale. He has a degree in History from FESB - Fundação Municipal de Ensino Superior de Bragança Paulista, completed in December 1995. Marcelo Augusto Dutra Labuto He is a candidate to be a principal member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Chief Executive Officer (from 2013 to 2017) and member of the Board of Directors (since 2013) of BB Seguridade Participações S.A., a holding company; (ii) Vice-President of Retail Business (since January 2019) and President (from 2018 to 2019) of Banco do Brasil S.A., a government-controlled private company; (iii) Member of the Board of Directors of Brasilprev Seguros e Previdência S.A., a private pension entity (since 2013); (iv) Member of the Board of Directors of Cielo S.A., in the electronic payments business (since 2017); (v) Member of the Board of Directors of Elo Participações S.A., a holding company of non-financial institutions (since 2017); (vi) Member of the Board of Directors of Banco Votorantim S.A., a financial services company (since 2018); (vii)

31 Member of the Board of Directors of Brasildental Operadora de Planos Odontológicos S.A. (from 2014 to 2015); (viii) Member of the Board of Directors of IRB Brasil Seguros (from 2014 to 2017); (ix) Member of the Board of Directors of Companhia Brasileira de Soluções e Serviços (from 2017 to 2018); and (x) Member of the Board of Directors of BB Mapfre SH1 Participações S.A. (from 2014 to 2017). He completed a degree in Business Administration from UNB – Universidade de Brasília in 1994 and in Information System Administration from UNEB – União Educacional de Brasília in 1998 and completed a specialization in Marketing from COPPEAD UFRJ in 1998. Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes He has been the Vice-Chairman of Vale’s Board of Directors (since January 2017), a Member of the Financial Committee (since April 2015), Coordinator of the Sustainability Committee and a Member of the Personnel Committee of Vale (since November 2017), where he also held the positions of Member of the Board of Directors (from April 2015 to January 2017), Coordinator of the Governance and Sustainability Committee (from April 2015 to October 2017) and member of the Executive Development Committee (from April 2015 to October 2017) and the Strategic Committee (from April to October 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from January to August 2017), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale, where he also held the position of (ii) Officer (from April 2015 to August 2017); (iii) Chief Executive Officer (since April 2015) and (iv) Investor Relations Officer of Bradespar S.A. (since April 2015), a publicly-held company that is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (v) Vice-Chairman of Bradespar’s Board of Directors (since April 2018); (vi) Officer of Banco Bradesco BBI S.A. (from December 2006 to April 2015), an investment bank; (vii) Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors (from May 2011 to April 2014) and (viii) a Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Sete Brasil S.A. (from May 2011 to April 2015), an offshore company; (ix) Member of the Board of Directors of Smartia Corretora de Seguros S.A. (from September 2012 to July 2015), an insurance broker; (x) Chairman of the Board of Directors of SMR Grupo de Investimentos e Participações S.A. (September 2014 to July 2015), a holding company; (xi) Member of the Board of Directors of BCPAR S.A. (from May 2013 to April 2015), a holding company; (xii) Member of the Board of Directors of 2b Capital S.A. (from November 2014 to December 2018), an investment management company, where he also held the position of (xiii) Chief Executive Officer (from March 2015 to June 2016) and (xiv) Officer (from June 2016 to December 2018); (xv) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of BR Towers S.A. (from January 2013 to November 2014), a company engaged in the construction and rental of telecommunications towers; (xvi) Member of the Board of Directors of LOG Commercial Properties S.A.

32 (from 2013 to 2015), a publicly-held construction company; (xvii) Chief Executive Officer of Antares Holdings Ltda., a holding company (from April 2015 to April 2017); (xviii) Chief Executive Officer of Brumado Holdings Ltda. (from April 2015 to April 2017); (xix) Officer of Millennium Security Holdings Corp., a holding company (since October 2015); and (xx) Member of the Investment Committee of Fundo de Investimento em Participações Sondas (from May 2011 to April 2015). He has a bachelor’s degree in Economics from Faculdades Integradas Bennett, completed in June 1979. Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho He is a candidate to be a Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Vale, where he currently holds the positions of Alternate Member of the Board of Directors (since April 2011), Member of the Finance Committee (since April 2011) and Member of the Sustainability Committee (since November 2017), and also where he was Member of the Governance and Sustainability Committee (from April 2015 to October 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Principal Member of the Board of Directors (from May 2014 to August 2017) and Alternate Member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from April 2008 to January 2012), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale; and (ii) Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial (since March 2008), a consulting firm. Prior to that, his professional experience includes: (iii) Commercial Officer of Rio Tinto Brasil (from April 1994 to March 2008), a mining company; and (iv) Commercial Manager of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. – MBR (from 1985 to 1994), a mining company. He holds a degree in Civil Engineering form Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-RJ, completed in December 1978, and a graduate degree in Transporting Planning from the University of Westminster, completed in October 2000. Oscar Augusto Camargo Filho He has been a Principal Member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since September 2003) and Coordinator of the Personnel Committee of Vale (since November 2017), where he also held the positions of Member of the Strategic Committee (from March 2006 to October 2017) and Member of the Executive Development Committee (from November 2003 to October 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from September 2003 to May 2014), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale; (ii) Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial (since October 2003), a consulting firm. Prior to that, he also held

33 the positions of: (iii) RH Secretary to Board and Commercial Officer at Motores Perkins (from 1963 to 1973); (iv) Commercial Officer of Minerações Brasileiras-Reunidas S.A. - MBR and Icomi Ind. e Com. de Minérios (Caemi Group) (from 1973 to 1981), a privately-held mining company; (v) Chief Executive Officer of Caemi Internacional and HR and Commercial Vice President of Caemi Group (from 1981 to 1988), a mining company; (vi) Member of the Board of Quebec Cartier Mining in Montreal – Canada (from 1988 to 1992), a mining company based in Canada; (vii) Chief Executive Officer of Caemi Mineração e Siderurgia (holding company of Caemi Group) (from 1988 to 1992 and from 1996 to 2002), a publicly-held mining company; and (viii) Member of the Board of MRS Logística S.A. (from 1996 to 2002) a publicly-held railway transport company. He holds a Law degree from the Law School of Universidade de São Paulo completed in December 1963, and he completed a graduate degree in International Marketing from the University of Cambridge - England in September 1971. Toshiya Asahi He has been a principal Member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since October 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Vice President of Mitsui & Co. (Brasil) S.A. (since July 2015), a trading and investment company controlled by Mitsui & Co., Ltd., a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (ii) General Manager of New Metals and Aluminum of Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (from April 2014 to July 2015), a publicly-held foreign trading company, which is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement, where he also served as (iii) Executive Assistant (from April 2012 to April 2014). He completed a degree in Metallurgical Engineering from Kyushu University in March 1990. José Luciano Duarte Penido He is a candidate to be Principal Member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Chairman of the Board of Directors of Fibria Celulose (from September 2009 to January 2019), a publicly-traded company in the sector of planted forests and production of pulp and paper, controlled by Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento Econômico Social – BNDES; (ii) independent Member of the Board of Directors and Member of the Sustainability and Audit Committees of Banco Santander Brasil (since 2017), a publicly-traded financial institution; (iii) independent Member of the Board of Directors and Member of the HR and Sustainability Committees of Copersucar S.A. (since 2013), a privately-held sugar and ethanol logistics and sales company; (iv) independent Member of the Board of Directors and of the Personnel and Organizational Development Committee and the Sustainability and Social Responsibility Committee of Química Amparo Ypê (since

34 2013), a privately-held company that produces and sells household cleaning products; (v) independent Member of the Board of Directors, the Human Talent Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee of Algar S.A. (since 2016), a privately-held company in the telecom, farming, hotel and entertainment sectors; (vi) Chief Executive Officer of Samarco Mineração S.A. (from 1992 to 2003), a company in which Vale holds 50% of the capital stock. He completed a degree in Mine Engineering from Escola de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in December 1970. Isabella Saboya de Albuquerque She has been an independent Principal Member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since October 2017). Her main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Member of the Board of Directors of Wiz Soluções e Corretagem de Seguros S.A. (since April 2016), a publicly-held insurance company; (ii) Member of the Fiscal Council of Bradespar S.A. (from April to July 2016), a publicly-held company signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (iii) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Instituto Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa – IBGC (from March 2016 to March 2019), a non-profit institution; (iv) Member of the Fiscal Council of Mills S.A. (from April 2016 to April 2017), a publicly-held engineering company; (v) Member of the Board of Directors of Br Malls S.A. (from May 2016 to March 2017), a shopping center holding company; and (vi) Partner of Jardim Botânico Investimentos S.A. (from May 2009 to January 2015), a fund management company. She holds a degree in Economics from Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUCRJ, completed in 1993. Sandra Maria Guerra de Azevedo She has been an Independent Principal Member of the Board of Directors (since October 2017) and Member of Vale’s Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee (since November 2017). Her main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Founding Partner at Better Governance Consulting Services (since 2005), a consulting company; (ii) Member of the Board of Directors (from April 2015 to April 2018) of Vix Logística S.A., a publicly-held logistics company; (iii) Member of the Board of Directors of Global Reporting Initiative – GRI (since January 2017), an international organization in the sustainability sector; and (iv) Member of the Board of Directors of Companhia Paranaense de Energia - Copel S.A. (from October 2016 to April 2017), a publicly-held company in the energy sector; and (v) Chairwoman of the Board of Directors of Instituto Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa - IBGC, a non-profit organization (from March 2012 to March 2016). She holds an undergraduate degree in Social Communication – Journalism from Universidade Paulista and a Master’s Degree in Business Administration from Universidade de São Paulo – USP.

35 Clarissa de Araújo Lins She is a candidate to be an independent Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Vale, where she has held the positions of independent Member of the Sustainability Committee (since November 2017), under the Company’s independence criteria. Her main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Founding partner of Catavento Consultoria (since August 2013), a privately-held company in the strategy and sustainability consulting sector; (ii) Officer of Instituto Brasileiro de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis – IBP, in the oil and gas sector (since May 2016); and (iii) Member of the Board of Directors of Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobrás (since May 2018), a publicly-traded oil and gas company; (iv) Senior Fellow of Centro de Energia e Infraestrutura do CEBRI – Centro Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais (since July 2017), a think tank institution. She completed a degree in Economics from Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-Rio in December 1988 and completed her Master’s Degree in Economics from PUC-Rio in December 1990. Alternate Members: Arthur Prado Silva He has been an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since July 2015) and a Member of the Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee of Vale (since November 2017), where he also held the positions of Member of the Controllership Committee from April to October 2017, and member of the Governance and Sustainability Committee (from April 2015 to July 2016). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from July 2015 to August 2017), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale; (ii) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Litel Participações S.A. (since July 2015), a holding company and a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement, where he also held the position of (iii) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Litela Participações S.A. (since July 2015) and (iv) of Litel B Participações S.A. (from July 2015 to July 2016), publicly-held holding companies that are controlled by Litel Participações S.A., (v) Executive Manager of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI (since April 2013), a private pension entity, which holds an indirect interest in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which in turn is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (vi) Member of the Audit Committee of Tupy S.A. (from 2011 to 2015), a publicly-held company in the metallurgy industry business, controlled by Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil - PREVI; (vii) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Sul 116 Participações S.A. (from 2011 to 2015), a publicly-held holding company; (viii) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of 521 Participações S.A.

36 (from April 2006 to April 2018), a publicly-held holding company; (ix) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of GTD Participações S.A. (from 2008 to 2013), a publicly-held holding company, and (x) Member of the Finance Committee of Neoenergia S.A., in the energy sector (since April 2018). He holds a Law degree completed in December 1999, and graduate degrees in Controllership and Finance, completed in May 2001, and in Tax Law, completed in March 2009, all from Universidade Cândido Mendes, and an MBA in Corporate Finance from Fundação Getúlio Vargas, completed in December 2003. Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley He has been an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors (since November 2017) and a Member of the Finance Committee of Vale (since September 2014), where he has also held the position of Member of the Governance and Sustainability Committee (from April 2011 to April 2015). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Member of the Board of Directors and Chief Financial Officer of Litel Participações S.A. (since March 2012), a company that is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (ii) Manager of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI (since February 2012), a private pension entity holding an indirect interest in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which in turn is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (iii) Alternate Member of the Board of Directors of 521 Participações S.A. (since April 2012), a publicly-held holding company; (iv) Chief Financial Officer and Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Litela Participações S.A. (since March 2012), a corporation controlled by Litel Participações S.A., which, in turn, is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (v) Principal Member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from April 2012 to August 2017), a privately-held holding company which controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged Participações Universidade completed a into Vale; (vi) Alternate Member of the Board of Directors of 521 S.A. (since April 2012). He completed a degree in Economics from Federal Fluminense – UFF, in Rio de Janeiro, in April 2004, and he graduate program in Social Security Management from UFF, in October 2015, and a Master’s degree in Production Engineering with emphasis in Planning, Management and Business Finance from UFF, completed in April 2008. Marcia Fragoso Soares She is a candidate to be an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors. Her main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Consultant at Franchetti & Merola, in the engineering projects business (since 2018); (ii) Superintendent of Engineering of Entrevias – Patria S.A. Group, in the road concessions business (from

37 June 2017 to December 2017); (iii) Consultant at Patria S.A. Group, in the investments business (from 2016 to 2017); (iv) Implementation Officer at Via 040 S.A. - Invepar Group, in the road concessions business (from 2014 to 2015); and (v) Superintendent of Engineering and Operations at Linha Amarela S.A. - Invepar Group (from 2012 to 2013). She holds a degree in Civil Engineering from Faculdade Reunidas Nuno Lisboa, completed in 1987. She completed an MBA in Business Management from FGV in 2013, a Master’s Degree in Transport Engineering from COPPE/UFRJ in 2004, and a Specialization in Board of Directors from FDC in 2016. Ivan Luiz Modesto Schara He is a candidate to be an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors, a position he previously held from 2003 to 2005, in addition to being a member of Vale’s Finance Committee from 2005 to 2009. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Executive Manager at Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil - PREVI, a private pension business that holds an indirect interest in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which, in turn, is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement (since 2009); (ii) Chairman of the Board of Directors of Sauipe S.A., in the tourism business (from 2009 to 2018); (iii) Member of the Finance Committee of Paranapanema S.A., in the metallurgy business (since 2018); and (iv) Member of the Board of Directors of 521 Participações S.A., a company under liquidation in the shareholding business (since 2018). He completed a degree in Economics from PUC/SP in 1990. He completed an MBA in Business Administration from IBMEC/RJ in 1998, an MBA in Corporate Finance and Corporate Law from Fundação Getúlio Vargas/RJ in 2000 and an MBA in Corporate Governance from IBMEC/PDG/RJ in 2001. He also completed a Masters’ Degree in Business Administration from IBMEC/RJ in 2008. Johan Albino Ribeiro He is a candidate to be an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Departmental Officer of Banco Bradesco S.A. (from March 2013 to March 2017), a financial institution of Bradespar S.A. (Bradespar and Banco Bradesco are under common control); (ii) Officer of Banco Bradesco Berj S.A. (from March 2017 to February 2019), a financial institution; (iii) Officer of Bradespar S.A. (since March 2017), a holding company that is signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement. He completed degrees in Law and Social Sciences from Universidade de São Paulo in December 1930 and completed an MBA in Management for Graduates from Fundação Getúlio Vargas – São Paulo in December 1994.

38 Hugo Serrado Stoffel He is a candidate to be an Alternate Member of Vale’s Board of Directors. He was an alternate member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from October 2004 to March 2008), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial (since October 2013), a consulting firm. Before that, he also held the positions of (ii) Commercial Officer of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR, a mining company, where he also served as CEO (from 1996 to 2004), Executive Officer and member of the Board of Directors; (iii) CEO of Pará Pigmentos S.A., a privately-held kaolin extraction company; (iv) Member of the Board of Directors of Quebec Cartier Mining, a mining company based in Canada; and (v) Member of the Board of Directors of MRS Logística S.A., a publicly-held railway transport company. He has a degree in Business Administration from Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, completed in December 1978, and completed the Advanced Management Program at INSEAD, in France, in July 1987. Yoshitomo Nishimitsu He has been an Alternate Member of the Board of Directors (since April 2015) and a Member of Vale’s Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee (since November 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Alternate Member of the Board of Directors of Valepar S.A. (from May 2014 to April 2015), a privately-held holding company that controlled Vale until August 14, 2017, when it was merged into Vale; (ii) he held, between April 2001 and March 2014, several positions at Mitsui & Co., Ltd., a publicly-held foreign trading company, which is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; and, (iii) General Manager of the Mineral and Metals Resources Division of Mitsui & Co. (Brasil) S.A. (since March 2014). He has a degree in Geology from Kobe University, completed in March 1999, and holds a graduate degree in Geology from Kyoto University, completed in March 2001. Adriano Vices Seabra He is a candidate to be an alternate member of Vale’s Board of Directors. His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Partner, Manager and Head of Analysis of Fides Asset Management (from March 2015 to May 2016), a fund management firm; (ii) Manager and Head of Analysis of Opus Gestão de Recursos (from August 2011 to January 2015), a fund management firm; (iii) Member of the

39 Board of Directors of Even Construtora S.A. (from April 2015 to October 2015), a publicly-traded incorporation and construction company; (iv) Member of the Board of Directors of Sanepar S.A. (since April 2017), a publicly-traded water and sanitation company; (v) Alternate Member of the Fiscal Council of Copasa S.A. (since April 2018), a publicly-traded water and sanitation company, where he also served as Member of the Fiscal Council (from April 2017 to April 2018); (vi) Member of the Board of Directors of CESP S.A. (since April 2017), a publicly-traded electricity generation company; (vii) Member of the Board of Directors of Eletropaulo S.A. (from April 2018 to November 2018), a publicly-traded electricity distribution company, where he also served as Member of the Audit Committee (from April 2018 to December 2018); (viii) Member of the Board of Directors of Banrisul S.A. (since June 2018), a publicly-traded financial institution. He completed a degree in Electronic Engineering from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ in 1994. Declarations Judicial and administrative convictions (including criminal). All the candidates above declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that, over the past five (5) years, they were not subject to (i) any criminal conviction, (ii) any adverse judgment in an administrative proceeding from the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission, or (iii) any conviction in a final and unappealable decision, at a judicial or administrative level, that has suspended or disqualified them from performing of any professional or commercial activity. Marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree. All the candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that there is no marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree between them and (i) Vale’s managers; (ii) the managers of direct or indirect subsidiaries of Vale; (iii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; and (iv) the managers of the direct and indirect parent companies of Vale. Relations of Subordination, Provision of Service or Control. Except for Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho, Mr. Oscar Augusto Camargo Filho, Mr. Ivan Luiz Modesto Schara, Ms. Isabella Saboya de Albuquerque, Mr. Gilmar Dalilo

40 Cezar Wanderley, Mr. Hugo Serrado Stoffel, Mr. Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho, Mr. Johan Albino Ribeiro and Mr. José Luciano Duarte Penido, as specified below, all candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between them and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; or (iii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above. Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently the President of Previ – Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil, a corporation holding indirect equity interest in Vale, through Litel Participações S.A.. Mr. Oscar Augusto Camargo Filho declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been a relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the last three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently the Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial, which has a consulting service agreement with to Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Mr. Ivan Luiz Modesto Schara declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been a relation of subordination,

41 provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently an Executive Manager of PREVI - Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil. Ms. Isabella Saboya de Albuquerque declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between her and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between her and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that she held the position of member of the Fiscal Council of Bradespar from April 2016 to July 2016. Mr. Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently an employee of PREVI - Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil and a manager of Litel Participações S.A. Mr. Hugo Serrado Stoffel declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial, a company that has a consulting service agreement with Mitsui & Co. Ltd. Mr. Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for

42 those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently Managing Partner of CWH Consultoria em Gestão Empresarial, which provides services to Mitsui&Co. Mr. Johan Albino Ribeiro declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that he is currently an Officer of Bradespar S.A. (since March 2017), a holding company that is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement. Mr. José Luciano Duarte Penido declares, for all legal purposes, that (a) there has been no relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above and (b) there has been relation of subordination, provision of service or control in the past three (3) fiscal years, between him and a controlling shareholder, direct or indirect, of Vale, due to the fact that, between 2009 and 2018, he was Chairman of the Board of Directors of Fibria Celulose, whose controlling shareholder was Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico Social – BNDES. Declaration of Politically-Exposed Person Except for Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho, Mr. Marcio Hamilton Ferreira, Mr. Marcelo Augusto Dutra Labuto and Ms. Clarissa de Araújo Lins, as specified below, all candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, they are not politically exposed persons under the applicable regulations.

43 Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho declared himself to be politically exposed, since he held a position under the by-laws at Banco do Brasil. S.A., from 2009 to 2017, and at BB Seguridade Participações S.A., from 2017 to 2018. Mr. Marcio Hamilton Ferreira declared himself to be politically exposed, since he held positions under the by-laws at Banco do Brasil S.A. Mr. Marcelo Augusto Dutra Labuto declared himself to be politically exposed, since he held positions under the by-laws at Banco do Brasil S.A. Ms. Clarissa de Araújo Lins declared herself to be politically exposed, due to her position as member of the Board of Directors of Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobrás. Percentage of Attendance at Meetings of the Board of Directors during the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2018 member at meetings held after Board of Directors Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the Director % of attendance of the investiture José Maurício Pereira Coelho N/A N/A Marcio Hamilton Ferreira N/A N/A Marcel Juviniano Barros 16 94% Marcelo Augusto Dutra Labuto N/A N/A Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes 16 94% Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho 16 13% Oscar Augusto Camargo Filho 16 75% Toshiya Asahi 16 88% José Luciano Duarte Penido N/A N/A Isabella Saboya de Albuquerque 16 94% Sandra Maria Guerra de Azevedo 16 100% Clarissa de Araújo Lins N/A N/A Arthur Prado Silva (1) 16 0% Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley (1) 16 6% Marcia Fragoso Soares (1) N/A N/A Ivan Luiz Modesto Schara (1) N/A N/A Johan Albino Ribeiro (1) N/A N/A Hugo Serrado Stoffel (1) N/A N/A Yoshitomo Nishimitsu (1) 16 6%

44 (1) Alternate Member. Percentage of Attendance at Meetings of Committees during the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2018 The information below refers exclusively to the aforementioned candidates who held a position on a Company Committee in the last fiscal year, divided below by Committee. member at meetings member at meetings held member at meetings Sustainability Committee Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the member of the Committee % of attendance of the held after investiture Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes 11 73% Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho 11 100% Clarissa de Araújo Lins 11 91% Personnel Committee Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the member of the Committee % of attendance of the after investiture Oscar Augusto Camargo Filho 12 100% Marcel Juviniano Barros 12 100% Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes 12 92% Governance, Compliance and Risk Committee Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the member of the Committee % of attendance of the member at meetings held after investiture Yoshitomo Nishimitsu 14 100% Arthur Prado Silva 14 79% Sandra Maria Guerra de Azevedo 14 100% Finance Committee Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the member of the Committee % of attendance of the held after investiture Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley 18 94% Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes 18 83% Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho 18 94% Adriano Cives Seabra (1) N/A N/A

45 4.4.3. Nominated by minority shareholders In accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of CVM Instruction 481/2009 and guidance contained in Circular Letter CVM / SEP / No. 03/2019, we inform in Exhibit VIII of the Manual the information related to items 12.5 to 12.10 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Appendix 24 of CVM Instruction No. 480/2009, of the candidates for effective member and alternate of the Board of Directors appointed by minority shareholders supported by Geração Futuro L. Par Fundo de Investimento em Ações, Genial Gestão de Recursos Ltda., Alaska Master Black FIA-BDR Nível I, Alaska Range FIM, Alaska Poland FIA-BDR Nível I, Alaska Investimentos Ltda., Victor Adler and José Pais Rangel, to apply for the multiple vote process, if installed. It should be noted that candidates will not apply for the separate voting process. 4.5 – Election of the members of the Fiscal Council Pursuant to Articles 30 and 31 of Vale’s By-Laws, the Fiscal Council is a permanently functioning body, formed by three (3) to five (5) members, who shall remain in their positions until the first Annual Shareholders’ Meeting after their election. The election of the members of the Fiscal Council shall comply with the provisions of the legislation in force and of Vale’s By-Laws. The table below shows the information on the candidates nominated for election/reelection by the controlling shareholders, for the positions of principal and alternate members of the Fiscal Council, in accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of CVM Instruction 481/2009 and the guidelines in Circular-Letter/CVM/SEP/no. 03/2019 (under items 12.5 to 12.10 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Exhibit 24 to CVM Instruction 480/2009). 4.5.1 Nominated by the signatory shareholders of Vale’s Shareholders’ We inform that the Board of Directors has recommended that the shareholders approve the below ticket. Principal Members Name Marcelo Amaral Moraes (1) Marcus Vinícius Dias Severini(1) Eduardo Cesar Pasa Date of Birth July 10, 1967 October 2, 1957 September 2, 1970

46 Meeting is held (1) There is no nomination of an alternate member for this candidate. Council Meeting is held Alternate Members Name Vacant Vacant NELSON DE MENEZES FILHO Date of Birth N/A N/A October 8, 1956 Profession N/A N/A Engineer CPF/MF or Passport N/A N/A 756.878.878-49 Elected position to hold N/A N/A Alternate Member of the Fiscal Election date N/A N/A April 30, 2019 Date of investiture N/A N/A By May 29, 2019 Term of Mandate N/A N/A Until the 2020 Annual Shareholders’ Other positions held or duties exercised at Vale N/A N/A N/A Nominated/Elected by the controlling shareholder? N/A N/A Yes Independent member? N/A N/A N/A Profession Degree in Economics Accountant Banker CPF/MF or Passport 929.390.077-72 632.856.067-20 541.035.920-87 Elected position to hold Principal Member of the Fiscal Council Principal Member of the Fiscal Council Principal Member of the Fiscal Council Election date April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 April 30, 2019 Date of investiture By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 By May 29, 2019 Term of Mandate Until the 2020 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2020 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting is held Until the 2020 Annual Shareholders’ Other positions held or duties exercised at Vale N/A N/A N/A Nominated/Elected by the controlling shareholder? Yes Yes Yes Independent member? N/A N/A N/A Number of consecutive terms 16 2 2

47 Main professional experience: Principal Members Marcelo Amaral Moraes He has been a Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Vale (since April 2004), where he also held the position of Alternate Member of the Board of Directors (from May to August 2003). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia S.A., a publicly-held company in the energy sector (since April 2017); (ii) Member of the Fiscal Council of Aceco TI S.A., a private company in the construction sector (since March 2016); (iii) Member of the Board of Directors of Eternit S.A. (since April 2016), a publicly-held company specializing in various activities such as exploration of agricultural activities, purchase and sale of gold, industrialization of cement, concrete, and plaster products, among others; (iv) Executive Officer of Capital Dynamics Investimentos Ltda. (from January 2012 to April 2015), a Swiss fund manager; (v) Member of the Fiscal Council of Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes S.A. (since May 2018), a publicly-traded airline company; and (vi) Member of the Fiscal Council of Linx S.A. (since May 2018), a publicly-traded company in the technology sector. He holds an undergraduate degree in Economics from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, completed in January 1991; an MBA in Business Administration from COPPEAD at UFRJ, completed in November 1993; and a graduate degree in Corporate Law and Arbitration from Fundação Getúlio Vargas, completed in November 2003. Marcus Vinícius Dias Severini He has been a Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Vale (since October 2017), where he also held the position of Controllership Officer (from October 1994 to March 2015). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) member of the Audit Committee of Fundação Vale do Rio Doce de Seguridade Social – VALIA, a privately-held, non-profit private pension fund company, organized by Vale (since January 2019); (ii) Member of the Fiscal Council of BRF S.A. (since April 2015), a publicly-held company in the food sector and (iii) Member of the Fiscal Council of Mills Estruturas e Serviços de Engenharia S.A. (from April 2015 to April 2018), a publicly-held company in the construction sector. He holds an undergraduate degree in Electrical Engineering from Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF completed in Number of consecutive terms N/A N/A N/A

48 December 1979, in Accounting Sciences from UniverCidade completed in December 2003 and a specialization in Economic Engineering from UniSUAW completed in December 1981. Eduardo Cesar Pasa Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Vale (since April 2017), where he also held the position of Coordinating Member of Vale’s Controllership Committee (from April 2014 to August 2017). His main professional experience in the last 5 years includes: (i) Director of the Accounting Department of Banco do Brasil S.A. (since April 2015), a financial institution, (ii) Member of the Advisory Board of Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil – PREVI (since April 2010), a supplementary social security entity, which holds an indirect stake in the Company through Litel Participações S.A., which, in turn, is a signatory to Vale’s Shareholders’ Agreement; (iii) Member of the Fiscal Council of Petrobrás S.A. (since April 2017), a publicly-held company in the oil sector, (iv) General Accounting Manager (from March 2009 to April 2015); (v) Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Eletrobras - Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A. (April 2015 to April 2017), a publicly-held company operating in the electric energy sector; (vi) Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Cateno Gestão de Contas de Pagamento S.A. (from April 2016 to April 2017), a closely held company and service provider; (vii) Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of Cassi - Caixa de Assistência dos Funcionários de Banco do Brasil S.A. (from April 2010 to April 2014), a closely held company that operates in the health sector; (viii) Alternate Member of the Fiscal Council of Banco Votorantim S.A. (from April 2009 to April 2015), a financial institution; and (ix) Principal Member of the Fiscal Council of BBTS - BB Tecnologia e Serviços (from April 2008 to April 2015), a closely held company and service provider. He holds an undergraduate degree in Accounting Sciences from Centro Universitário de Brasília – UniCeub, completed in September 1995; a Lato-Sensu Graduate Degree in Accounting Sciences from the Economics Graduate School of Fundação Getulio Vargas – FGV, completed in July 1997; and a Master’s Degree in Accounting Sciences from the Economics, Business and Accounting School of Universidade de São Paulo (USP) completed in April 2003.

49 Declarations Judicial and administrative convictions (including criminal). All the candidates above declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that, over the past five (5) years, they were not subject to (i) any criminal conviction, (ii) any adverse judgment in an administrative proceeding from the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission, or (iii) any conviction in a final and unappealable decision, at a judicial or administrative level, that has suspended or disqualified them from performing of any professional or commercial activity. Marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree. All the candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that there is no marital relationship, civil union or family relationship up to second degree between them and (i) Vale’s managers; (ii) the managers of direct or indirect subsidiaries of Vale; (iii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; and (iv) the managers of the direct and indirect parent companies of Vale. Relations of Subordination, Provision of Service or Control. All the candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, that there have been no relations of subordination, provision of service or control, in the past three (3) fiscal years, between them and (i) a direct or indirect subsidiary of Vale, except for those in which Vale holds, directly or indirectly, total capital stock; (ii) direct or indirect parent companies of Vale; or (iii) material suppliers, customers, debtors or creditors of Vale, its subsidiaries or its parent companies, or subsidiaries of any of the above. Declaration of Politically-Exposed Person All the candidates declared, individually and for all legal purposes, they are not politically exposed persons under the applicable regulations, except for Mr. Eduardo Pasa, who declared himself to be politically exposed, pursuant to CVM Instruction 301 of April 16, 1999, as amended, since he holds a position of the Director of the Accounting Department of Banco do Brasil.

50 Percentage of Attendance at Meetings of the Fiscal Council during the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2018 member at meetings held after 4.5.2 Nominated by minority shareholders In accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of CVM Instruction 481/2009 and guidance contained in Circular Letter CVM / SEP / No. 03/2019, we inform in Exhibit VIII of the Manual the information related to the items 12.5 to 12.10 of the Reference Form, as set forth in Appendix 24 of CVM Instruction No. 480/2009, of the candidates for effective member and alternate of the Fiscal Council indicated by common minority shareholders supported by Geração Futuro L. Par Fundo de Investimento em Ações, Genial Gestão de Recursos Ltda., Alaska Master Black FIA-BDR Nível I, Alaska Range FIM, Alaska Poland FIA-BDR Nível I, Alaska Investimentos Ltda., Victor Adler and José Pais Rangel, to apply for the voting process provided for in Article 161, paragraph 4, item "b "Of Law 6404/76. 4.6 Setting the compensation of management and members of the Fiscal Council for the year 2019 To vote on this subject, the shareholders are provided with the following documents: (i) the proposal on the compensation of management and members of the Fiscal Council, which is described under item 13.12 of Exhibit III of this Manual. (ii) information included under Item 13 of the Reference Form, as set forth in subsection II of Article 12 of CVM Instruction 481/2009, which are included in Exhibit III of this Manual. Fiscal Council Total Meetings held by the respective body during the last fiscal year since the investiture of the Director % of attendance of the investiture Marcelo Amaral Moraes 12 100% Marcus Vinícius Dias Severini 12 100% Eduardo Cesar Pasa 12 100% Nelson de Menezes Filho N/A N/A

51 (iii) Presentation on the global management compensation, which is included in Exhibit VI of this Manual. It should be noted that the proposal submitted for resolution of the Shareholders reflects a resolution of the Board of Directors to suspend payment/award of the variable compensation of Executive Officers (2018 Bonus/Profit Sharing and 2016 Matching), which was originally planned to occur in 2019 and is longer are part of this group’s compensation for this year. The amounts are suspended until there is more clarity on the results of the ongoing investigation.

52 V. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Any questions or clarifications on the matters listed in the Agenda of the Meetings can be resolved or obtained, as the case may be, through contact with the Investor Relations Office, including through email at vale.ri@vale.com.

53 VI. PROXY VOTE TEMPLATE [ACIONISTA], [Qualificação] (“Outorgante”), neste ato nomeia e constitui como seu procurador o(a) Sr(a) [NOME], [NACIONALIDADE], [ESTADO CIVIL], [PROFISSÃO], com carteira de identidade nº [ ] e inscrito no CPF/MF sob o nº [_ ], residente e domiciliado [ENDEREÇO], na Cidade [ ], Estado [ ] (“Outorgado”), ao qual confere poderes para representar o(a) Outorgante nas Assembleias Gerais Extraordinária e Ordinária da Vale S.A., a serem realizadas, cumulativamente em primeira convocação no dia 30 de abril de 2019, às 10h, e, se necessário, em segunda convocação em data a ser informada oportunamente, para assinar o Livro de Registro de Presença de Acionistas da Vale S.A. e a ata dessas Assembleias, e apreciar, discutir e votar os assuntos constantes da respectiva ordem do dia, em conformidade com as orientações estabelecidas abaixo: Ordem do dia: 1) Alteração do caput e do §2º do Art. 11 e do caput do Art. 15 do Estatuto Social da Vale: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção 2) Apreciação do relatório e das contas da administração e exame, discussão e votação das demonstrações financeiras, referentes ao exercício social encerrado [SHAREHOLDER], [Identification] (the “Grantor”), hereby makes, constitutes, appoints and designates [NAME], [CITIZENSHIP], [MARITAL STATUS], [PROFESSION], with ID #[_ _] and holder of CPF/MF # [_ _], resident in [CITY], and with commercial address at [ADDRESS], in the City of [_ ], State of [_ ] (the “Grantee”), as true and lawful attorney-in-fact to represent the Grantor at the Extraordinary and Annual Shareholders’ Meetings to be held cumulatively on first call on April 30, 2019, at 10 a.m., and, if necessary, on second call on a date to be duly informed, with powers to sign the Attendance Book of Shareholders of Vale S.A. and the corresponding minutes of such Shareholders’ Meetings, and assess, discuss and vote on matters included in the agenda, in accordance with the voting instructions below: Agenda: 1) Amendment of head paragraph and Paragraph 2 of Article 11 and the head paragraph of Article 15 of Vale’s By-Laws. ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain 2) Evaluation of management’s report and accounts and analysis, discussion and vote on the financial statements for

54 em 31 de dezembro de 2018: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção 3) Proposta para a destinação do resultado do exercício de 2018, e a consequente aprovação da proposta de Orçamento de Capital da Vale, para fins do Art. 196 da Lei nº 6.404/1976: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção 4) Eleição dos membros do Conselho de Administração: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção 5) Eleição dos membros do Conselho Fiscal: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção 6) Fixação da remuneração dos administradores e dos membros do Conselho Fiscal para o ano de 2019: ( ) a favor ( ) contra ( ) abstenção Este instrumento é válido por [_ _], a partir da data de sua assinatura. [Local], [Data]. [Acionista] the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018: ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain 3) Proposal for the allocation of profits for the 2018 fiscal year, and the consequent approval of Vale’s Capital Budget, for the purposes of Article 196 of Law 6,404/1976: ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain 4) Election of the members of the Board of Directors: ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain 5) Election of the members of the Fiscal Council: ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain 6) Setting the compensation of management and members of the Fiscal Council for the year 2019: ( ) Pro ( ) Against ( ) Abstain This power of attorney shall remain in effect from [_ _] until [ ]. [Place], [Date]. [Shareholder]

. REPORT FROM ADMINISTRATION 2018 Report from Administration 1

Rupture of Dam I in Brumadinho In the early afternoon of January 25th, 2019, there was a rupture of the Dam I in the Córrego do Feijão Mine in Brumadinho (MG) and, since then, Vale has been making every effort to meet the needs of those affected and to mitigate damages. Since the first days following the rupture of the Dam I, Vale’s initiatives have had four main purposes: (i) assistance to the affected people and recovery of the area affected by the rupture of the Dam I, (ii) determination of the causes of the rupture of the Dam I, (iii) assurance of the safety of the upstream structures and of the surrounding communities, and (iv) acceleration of the decommissioning or de-characterization process of our remaining upstream dams. (i) Assistance to the affected people and recovery of the affected area On January 27th, 2019, our Board of Directors established the Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Support and Recovery (“CIAE for Support and Recovery”), dedicated to monitoring the measures to assist the affected people and to recover the area affected by the rupture of the Dam I. The committee is coordinated by Leonardo Pereira, former president of the Brazilian Exchange Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários – CVM), and also includes Ana Cristina Barros and Márcio Gagliato, all external and independent members. Please find below the detailed qualification of the CIAE for Support and Recovery members. Report from Administration 2 Leonardo Pereira - President at CVM from 2012 to 2017. Independent Advisor of the Oversight Advisory Committee of the World Health Organization. Engineer and economist. Masters in Administration from Warwick University and specialization at AOTs, Japan. Visiting Fellow at Harvard Law School for negotiation and corporate governance. Global experience of more than 25 years in the capital markets. Ana Cristina Barros - 30 years dedicated to the defense of the environment and sustainable development. Served as National Secretary of Biodiversity and Forests in the Ministry of Environment. Accomplishments: design and promotion of the Rural Environmental Registry, support for the creation of Conservation Units and national policies for management of indigenous lands, negotiations with the Global Environment Fund and representation of Brazil in the assessment of its Biodiversity Policy by the OECD. Márcio Gagliato - Masters in Social Psychology (PUC) and PhD from the Faculty of Public Health (USP). Technical consultant for United Nations agencies and international non-governmental organizations, more than 12 years of experience in humanitarian responses, including actions in Libya, Iran, Syria, Gaza, South Sudan, Somalia, Zimbabwe among others. Awarded with Fellowship Programme in Human Rights by the University of Columbia (NY). Specialist in emergencies with the Pan American Health Organization and participation in the “Reference Group of the Permanent Interagency Committee on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Humanitarian Emergencies”.

Similarly, on January 28th, 2019, Vale’s Executive Board established the Crisis Response Committee (“CRC”) to speed up the processes of providing assistance to the affected people and environmental recovery. As part of the emergency measures, approximately four hundred Vale employees were assigned to work in the area, providing care to the affected people, in addition to more than two hundred contractors, acting jointly with the Fire Department, Public Defender and other agencies. In addition to the people assigned to provide assistance, helicopters, equipment, ambulances, beds, and the most diverse forms of support and assistance to those affected were made available. As part of these actions, Vale donated R$ 100,000 to each of the victims’ families, R$ 50,000 per property to those that resided in the self-rescue zone, and R$ 15,000 to those whose business activities were impacted, allowing for the mitigation of the damages from the accident, on an emergency basis. Vale has structures set up for exclusive treatment of the impacted animals that have been rescued, enabling emergency care and recovery so that they can be returned to their homes. In addition to these units, in regards to animal care, we count on the support of veterinary clinics and hospitals in Belo Horizonte. You may find, later on in this document, in the box “Main initiatives” some of the actions realized by Vale. Our purpose is to accelerate the payments of indemnification through negotiation as opposed to judicialization, efficiently serving all the affected people. Report from Administration 3 Preliminary Agreement for Indemnification Reinforcing our commitment towards repairing the damages caused by the rupture of the Dam I, in an expedited and comprehensive manner, Vale signed, at the Court of Appeals of Minas Gerais , at a hearing, a Preliminary Agreement for Indemnification with several public authorities and representatives of those affected, which will allow for anticipating the payments of emergency compensation to every person residing in the city of Brumadinho on the date of rupture of the Dam I. The people living within 1km from the Paraopeba Riverbed, from Brumadinho to the city of Pompéu, will also be assisted, covering nearly 100 thousand people. The agreement also provides for the following measures: •Advance payment of indemnification through monthly payments equivalent to one minimum wage per adult, 1/2 minimum wage per teenager and 1/4 per child, for the period of one year starting from January 25th, 2019. •Independent technical assistance for the affected people to negotiate their individual compensations. •Reimbursement or direct payment of the extraordinary expenses of the State of Minas Gerais, including expenses with transportation, lodging and meals of the officers involved with rescue works and other emergency actions.

(ii) Determination of causes of the rupture of the Dam I In order to determine the causes of the rupture of the Dam I in the most efficient way possible, the Board of Directors established, on January 27th, 2019, the Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Investigation (“CIAE for Investigation”). This committee, coordinated by Dr. Ellen Gracie, retired Minister of the Federal Supreme Court, also comprises Jose Francisco Compagno and Manuel de Almeida Martins, all external and independent members, with flawless reputation and experienced in the themes related to their roles. Please find below the detailed qualification of the CIAE for Investigation members. (iii) Assurance of the safety of the upstream structures communities and of the surrounding The third set of measures aims to ensure the safety of the upstream structures and of the surrounding communities. As such, Vale has been continuously investing in the safety and maintenance of its dams, with standards aligned and constantly updated with the most stringent international practices. Vale is adopting a series of preventive measures to increase the safety conditions of its structures, such as the constant monitoring of all of Vale’s structures, specially the upstream ones. In the scope of regulation, the National Mining Agency ("ANM") now requires a non-drained safety factor of at least 1.3. In this context, some of Vale's structures – by Vale’s own initiative - were placed at emergency level 2 and with initiatives from the company to increase their safety and stability. Vale is working to strengthen some of its upstream structures and evaluating engineering solutions for the remainder, as a way to increase the safety of the surrounding population. Report from Administration 4 Dr. Ellen Gracie - Retired Minister of the Federal Supreme Court and of the Electoral Superior Court, President of the Special Committee for Investigation at Petrobras, President of the Special Committee for Investigation at Eletrobras. Jose Francisco Compagno - Leadership Partner of the Forensic Department at EY between 2002 and 2018, and Leadership Partner for Transaction Support from 2001 to 2005. Auditing Partner at Artur Andersen from 1998 to 2001. Director of Auditing at Coopers & Lybrand Auditores Independentes from 1987 to 1998. Graduated in Accounting Sciences at FMU - SP. Member of the Executive Committee at EY from 2016 to 2017. Manuel de Almeida Martins - Civil Engineer graduated from the School of Engineering of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) in 1971, with specialization in geotechnical engineering and dam engineering. He carried out activities for thirty years in studies, project detailing, construction monitoring, supervision, quality control, monitoring and assessments on safety of dams and foundation works in large Brazilian companies as a geotechnical engineer and department manager specialized in geotechnics. For the last twenty years, he has worked as an Independent Consultant in geotechnical engineering for infrastructure projects, mainly dams.

Vale's goal is to ensure the safety of structures and communities. In this sense, Vale is providing all necessary assistance and support to the impacted communities. With ANM's new regulatory parameters, within two months Vale will be able to state which structures will be resumed with security and stability and which will go through improvement works. On February 15th, 2019, Vale’s Board of Directors decided to create the Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Dam Safety (“CIAESB”), to assist the Board with matters related to the diagnosis of the safety conditions, management and mitigation of the risks related to Vale’s tailings dams. The committee is also tasked with recommending, if needed, measures to be taken to strengthen safety conditions of the dams. The CIAESB, coordinated by Flávio Miguez de Mello, also includes Willy Lacerda and Pedro Repetto, all independent and external members. Please find below the detailed qualification of the CIAESB members. Report from Administration 5

Report from Administration 6 Flávio Miguez de Mello - Civil engineer with specialization in hydraulics (1967) from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), with master's degree in Geology Science (1975) from UFRJ. Miguez is a reference in engineering of dams. He has taken courses and trainings in the USA, Canada and Portugal, has taught courses at several universities since 1968, has published more than 100 technical papers in Brazil and abroad, and has managed consulting companies and technical institutions in Brazil and abroad, among which, the International Commission of Large Dams, the Brazilian Committee on Dams, the National Academy of Engineering in Brazil, the School of Engineering of UFRJ, and received several academic and professional awards. He has worked on several dam projects in Brazil and abroad. Willy Lacerda - Graduated in Civil Engineering from the Escola Nacional de Engenharia da Universidade do Brasil (1958), Masters’ degree in Geotechnical Engineering from University of California - Berkeley (1969) and PhD in Geotechnical Engineering from University of California - Berkeley (1976). He participated in the creation of the Geotechnical Institute of the city of Rio de Janeiro in 1966. During his teaching as a professor at COPPE - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), from 1967 to 2007, he supervised over 50 Masters’ theses and 18 PhD dissertations. He has over 150 published papers in journals and academic congress publications. He is currently a collaborating professor at COPPE - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). He has experience in Civil Engineering, with emphasis in slope stability, mainly acting on the following matters: embankments on soft clay, earth dams, landslides, slope stability, collapsible soils, soil mechanics and tropical soils. He was President of the Brazilian Association of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ABMS) from 1996 to 2000, where he currently is a partner and permanent member of the Board of Directors. Former president of JTC1 – Joint Technical Committee on Landslides and Engineered Slopes, of the following three international societies: ISSMGE, ISRM and IAEG – from 2006 to 2010, where he currently stands as one of its core members. He received the title of Emeritus professor of UFRJ in October 2010. He was nominated for the National Academy of Engineering in Brazil (ANE) in 2012. He was nominated as Eminent Professor by Escola Politécnica of UFRJ in 2015. He is the coordinator of INCT - Geotechnical Institute for Rehabilitation of Slopes and Plains – REAGEO since 2008. Pedro Repetto - Mr. Repetto is a licensed civil-geotechnical engineer with over 50 years of experience in over 500 projects in 28 countries, including Brazil. Before becoming an independent consultant in 2008, he was Principal and Vice President of URS Corporation in Denver, where he served as Mining Business Line Manager, Office Manager, and Manager of the Engineering Division, the Civil/Geotechnical Group, and the Mining Group. His areas of expertise in the mining industry include tailings storage facilities, heap leach facilities, waste rock dumps, pit slope stability and foundations for mining structures. He has participated in the design and evaluation of dozens of tailings facilities comprising all types of tailings deposition technologies, including conventional slurry, high-density thickened tailings and dry stacking (filtered tailings). Mr. Repetto was a Principal Professor of

Vale's objective is to ensure the safety of structures and communities. As such, Vale is providing all necessary assistance and support to the impacted communities. (iv) Acceleration of the decommissioning or de-characterization process of upstream dams The fourth set of measures aims to prevent and further mitigate the risks of accidents involving dams in the future. In fact, the decommissioning or de-characterization process of the existing upstream dams was already underway and, after the rupture, the Company decided to accelerate the process for the remaining dams, which are already inactive. The projects are being prepared and will be submitted for the evaluation of the competent bodies so that the activities of the decommissioning or de-characterization process may start on an urgency basis. After the rupture of the Dam I of Córrego do Feijão, Vale underwent through internal transformations in its structure, processes and personnel. Many initiatives have already been taken and many other initiatives are being planned at the moment, with strengthening, even further, the safety of all of the Company’s operations. the objective of Report from Administration 7 Geotechnical Engineering at Catholic University of Peru for over 20 years. He served as an expert to the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources of Germany for the organization and teaching of continuing education courses on mining wastes, including tailings. He has served as a Principal Investigator or co-Principal Investigator for three earthquake engineering research projects sponsored by National Science Foundation.

1 Updated on March 25th, 2019 Report from Administration 8 Main initiatives1 Humanitarian Actions From the first moments after the breach of Dam I, at the Córrego do Feijão Mine, in Brumadinho (MG), Vale has given its full support to those affected and their families. Humanitarian assistance includes, among other actions, psychological and social support, emergency medical care, accommodation in hotels, hostels and provisional housing, and a supply of food, personal hygiene items and essentials, medicines, clothing and transportation. Below are details of Vale’s actions in the region: •R$ 2.6 million transferred to the Municipality of Brumadinho to purchase emergency equipment and hire professionals in the health and psychosocial areas, with the objective of increasing the municipality's humanitarian aid to those affected. • R$ 8.4 million invested in state-of-the-art equipment for the Instituto Médico Legal (IML) in Belo Horizonte. • R$ 20 million invested in the support package to the Fire Service of Minas Gerais (CBMMG) for equipment purchase, infrastructure improvements and professional training. • Donations of R$ 100,000 for each affected family that has lost a member due to the breach: 269 payments made. • Donations of R$ 50 thousand, per property, to those who resided in the self-rescue zone: 91 payments made. •Donations of R$ 15 thousand to those who had their business affected (previous registration); 70 payments made. • Donation of R$ 5 thousand to each of the families living in the self-rescue zone of the Sul Superior dam of the Gongo Soco mine in Barão de Cocais: 148 payments made. • R$ 289 million used to purchase medicine, water, equipment and on various logistics costs. • More than 400 professionals currently working in 5 service stations for those affected in Brumadinho, Belo Horizonte, Nova Lima and Itabiritos. • More than 6.8 thousand medical and psychological consultations held. • More than 51 thousand pharmaceutical items purchased. •More than 44 million liters of water for human consumption, animal and agricultural irrigation were distributed to 21 municipalities. • 10 hospitals and health units mobilized to attend those affected. • 322 accommodations units made available.

Report from Administration 9 Emergency indemnification •The agreement with competent authorities allows the anticipation of emergency indemnification payment to Brumadinho residents and to people living next to Ri Paraopeba riverbank, between the cities of Brumadinho and Pompeú. •Indemnity amounts: monthly payment of one minimum wage per adult, 50% of the minimum wage per teenager, and 25% of the minimum wage per child, for a period of 12 months, starting from January 25th, 2019. •Vale will keep paying 2/3 of the salaries of all own and third-party employees who died in the breach until the company signs the final indemnity agreement, in addition to maintaining the wages of the missing employees. •Guarantee of employment or salary for own and third-party employees of Brumadinho, until December 31st, 2019. •Health insurance for the family members of deceased employees and third-party contractors, subject to a registration scheme, with coverage throughout the state of Minas Gerais. Widowers or partners will receive lifetime insurance while dependents will be covered until they reach the age of 22. • Psychological assistance to employees until discharge. • R$ 920 in daycare assistance for employees with children up to the age of 3. • R$ 998 in educational assistance for children of employees until they turn 18. Environment and fauna After the rupture of the Dam I, Vale implemented detailed monitoring activities in the river, including daily water and soil sampling and turbidity level analysis. •65 stations for daily water and sediment collection were installed along Paraopeba river, Três Marias reservoir and São Francisco river. The work – a compilation of 300,000 analyses carried out so far – is being conducted by four specialized laboratories hired by Vale and involves approximately 250 professionals. Vale hired the Coordination Department of Graduate Engineering Programs of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Coppe-UFRJ) to evaluate the adopted methodology and validate the data already presented by the four laboratories. The assurance that the river can be recovered came from ecotoxicology tests that measured the effects of chemical elements in organisms that are sensitive to environmental changes, found along the Paraopeba basin

Report from Administration 10 and the San Francisco river, including the river mouth in the Atlantic Ocean. Tests with bacteria showed that the previous conditions are being maintained after the plume flow, being non-toxic in 97% of the samples. Regarding the fish contamination analyses, the results demonstrate zero toxicity for 100% of the samples collected from these aquatic organisms so far. Water supply The distribution of piped water by water utilities that supply the cities along the Paraopeba river and the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte remain unaltered. However, as a preventive measure, Vale has been studying options to strengthen the supply system and to ensure water security for these populations, in the event of potential water shortages in the next drought periods. One example is what is being carried out in Pará de Minas, whose water supply depended on the Paraopeba river. Some emergency measures have already been taken, including the reactivation of three water catchment wells and improvement in the water pumping system in two other streams in the region. Drilling of new wells and surface catchment works are also underway. By the first half of 2020, Vale will build a 50-km pipeline that will collect water from the Pará river to directly supply Pará de Minas. The expected flow is expected to be 284 liters per second, the same quantity that the city collected from the Paraopeba river before the dam rupture. In the future, with the recovery of Paraopeba river, this pipeline will double the capacity to collect water to supply Pará de Minas, becoming a legacy to the city. Fauna • Rental of a farm and installation of a structure for sheltering and treating animals • 468 animals rescued. • 79 fishes rescued. •190 professionals (among veterinarians, biologists and technicians) working with the rescue of the local fauna. Vale also has two structures in place for the exclusive treatment of the affected animals that have been rescued, enabling emergency care and recovery so that they may be returned to their homes: Córrego do Feijão Veterinary Hospital, which is prepared for hospitalization and emergency surgeries, and the Fauna Shelter Farm, located near the city of Brumadinho, which has a medical outpatient clinic for emergency care and a shelter space for animals. Besides these units, considering animal care, we have the support of veterinary hospitals and clinics in Belo Horizonte.

Report from Administration 11 Tailings retention works Section 1 (up to 10 Km from the Dam I breach site): •Vale will build a dike (consisting of blocks of compacted rock) for the retention of the thicker and heavier tailings. In parallel, the transport and storage of rocks that will be used in the construction of the structure is in progress. •Vale will install more hydraulic barriers and small dams to assist in the tailings control process. •The company is also studying the implementation of a Water Treatment Station (ETA) to reduce the turbidity of the water in the Ferro-Carvão stream. The purpose is to return the cleaned water to the Paraopeba River. •The company has also begun removing the tailings that blocked a stretch of the Alberto Flores Avenue and the installation of a metal barrier to prevent the tailings from covering the road again. •Construction of a 50-meter metal bridge to restore access to the communities of Parque da Cachoeira and Córrego do Feijão to the central area of Brumadinho. Section 2 (10 to 30 Km area that stretches to the city of Juatuba): •Vale is mobilizing and installing equipment that will be used to dredge the coarsest debris, like sand and stones. The main objectives are cleaning and de-sanding the Paraopeba river channel. •The residue will be collected by two dredgers and will be properly disposed outside of the Permanent Preservation Area (APP) of the river. Section 3 (range of 170 Km of Paraopeba river between Juatuba and the Retiro Baixo Plant): •Installation of five turbidity barriers (membranes): three in the Pará de Minas region and two others in the municipalities of Juatuba and Betim, before the Igarapé Thermoelectric Plant; • Up to this moment, the efficiency of the barriers installed in the river results in a 10% to 15% reduction in the water turbidity levels. Residents and rural producers with activities in the affected region are receiving supplies of water for human consumption, drinking water for animals and irrigation water. The support is intended for farmers and families mapped by Vale, by the Agriculture Department of Brumadinho and by the Company for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension of the State of Minas Gerais (Emater-MG).

Report from Administration 12 Dams •The upstream dams, currently inactive, will be decommissioned or de-characterized. •The de-characterization assumes an intervention with the objective of completely stripping the structure of the characteristics that define it as a dam. Regarding the relocations •By determination of the ANM, Vale has raised to Emergency Level 2 alert of the Emergency Action Plan for Mining Dams (PAEBM) at the Sul Superior dam (Barão de Cocais); B3 / B4 and Vargem Grande dams (Nova Lima); and, Forquilha I, II, III and Grupo dams (Ouro Preto). •Vale preventively initiated level 3 of the PAEBM of Sul Superior after the independent audit team reported that the dam was at imminent risk of rupture. The level 3 warning siren was then activated as per the PAEBM's protocol. •Vale has reallocated approximately 700 people that live in the self-rescue zone (area of up to 10 km downstream from the tailings dam) in the municipalities of Barão dos Cocais, Nova Lima and Ouro Preto. •Out of this total amount, approximately 500 people are allocated to hotels and the remainder opted to stay with relatives. •In Brumadinho, the total amount of reallocated people was 265. •Detailing of people reallocated by dam: oBarão de Cocais, Nova Lima and Ouro Preto: Sul Superior: approximately 442 people Forquilhas I, II and III: 4 people B3/B4: 201 people Vargem Grande: 27 people oBrumadinho: Barragem I: 265 people Vale regrets the effects caused on the families of those affected and reiterates that it continues to provide all necessary support to the families until the situation is normalized.

Report from Administration 13 Financial and Accounting Impacts of the Rupture of Brumadinho Dam I Shareholders’ remuneration On January 27th, 2019, the Board of Directors determined the suspension of the Shareholders' Remuneration Policy, and consequently the non-payment of dividends and interest on capital, and any other resolution on the shares buyback. For further details on the payment of the minimum legal dividends referring to the year ended on December 31st, 2018, see “Shareholders’ remuneration.” Executive compensation At this same meeting, the Board of Directors also decided to suspend the payment of the variable compensation of the Executive Officers. These amounts will remain suspended until there is more clarity on the results of the ongoing investigation. Accelerated decommissioning or de-characterization plan Vale currently has dams built by the upstream heightening method, all of which are inactive. These structures will undergo de-characterization works and will cease to exist. The estimated numbers calculated on January 29th, 2019, four days after the event, based on preliminary studies, indicated expenditures of R$ 5 billion for the removal and reprocessing of all existing material in the dams, followed by the complete recovery of the areas. Prior to that, previous plans for the decommissioning of these dams were based on methods that ensured the physical and chemical stability of the structures, however, without the removal and processing of the existing tailings. After the event, the Company is working on a detailed plan of individual engineering for each of these dams that will allow their total de-characterization. Up to the present time it is not possible to estimate the costs to be incurred in these de-characterizations and, as soon as a reliable estimate is defined, the Company will disclose and recognize the obligation in 2019. Accounting impacts From an accounting point of view, the rupture of Dam I represents an event subsequent to the financial statements as of December 31st, 2018. Therefore, its accounting impacts will be reflected in the financial statements referring to the year of 2019, beginning with the financial statements for the quarter ended on March 31st, 2019.

Report from Administration 14 Vale is subject to significant liabilities and contingencies due to the rupture of Dam I. Vale is already participating in several investigations and judicial and administrative proceedings brought by authorities and by affected people, and new proceedings are expected. Vale is still evaluating these liabilities and contingencies and will make provisions, based on the agreements entered into. Due to the preliminary stage of the investigations and processes, it is not possible to determine a reliable set of results or estimates of the potential exposure related to the rupture of the Dam I at this time. Due to the rupture of the Dam I and the decision to stop operations to accelerate the decommissioning or de-characterization of upstream dams, Vale carried out the write-off of the assets of the Córrego do Feijão Mine and the assets related to upstream dams in Brazil, resulting in an accounting loss that will impact the Company’s balance sheet and income statement in the first quarter of 2019. The costs incurred to date are mainly related to donations, initial indemnification, humanitarian assistance, equipment, legal counsel, among others. Provisions and contingent liabilities Vale is still evaluating the potential liabilities that may arise from the failure of the Dam I. Due to the preliminary stage of the various claims and contingencies, it is not possible to determine a reliable set of results or estimates of the potential exposure. Therefore, the value of other costs related to the failure of the Dam I, which will be recognized in 2019, could not yet be estimated. For more information, refer to the explanatory notes of the financial statements of December 31st, 2018. Investigations, prosecutions and judicial asset freezing As a result of the failure of the Dam I, the state court of Minas Gerais determined, in injunctions handed down in compliance with the interlocutory reliefs filed by the Prosecution Office of the State of Minas Gerais and by the State of Minas Gerais, the unavailability and freezing of the approximate total value of R$ 11 billion from Vale. Of this amount, Vale was ordered to make a judicial deposit of approximately R$ 7.4 billion in compliance with two court orders.

Report from Administration 15 The Labor Court, in response to the request of the Labor Prosecution Office in the context of a public-interest civil action, determined: (i) the freezing of R$ 1.6 billion to ensure the indemnification of employees and contractors working in Córrego do Feijão Mine at the moment of the failure of the Dam I; (ii) the maintenance of the payment of wages to the relatives of the employees and contractors who disappeared, until the actual confirmation of life or death; (iii) payment of funeral expenses, transfer of bodies, burial of all its deceased employee and contractors; and, (iv) other administrative measures. The 2nd Civil Court of Nova Lima, at the request of the Public Defender’s Office of the State of Minas Gerais and the Public Prosecution Office of the State of Minas Gerais, determined the freezing of funds on Vale's bank accounts amounting to R$ 1 billion, aiming to ensure potential reimbursements to cover for losses from the removal occurred in the community of São Sebastião de Águas Claras - Macacos. The Court of Barão de Cocais determined the freezing of Vale's funds on the amount of R$ 2.95 billion, aiming to ensure the reimbursements of any potential losses, property and non-property related, suffered by the people affected by removal that occurred or that may occur in relation to Sul Superior Dam, of the Gongo Soco Mine, in Barão de Cocais. The Court of Belo Horizonte determined the presentation of a report issued by an independent technical auditing firm on the stability condition of the Sul Superior structure, in Gongo Soco, and the development of an action plan to be submitted for approval by ANM and Environmental Secretary of the State of Minas Gerais (Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável – SEMAD). The judge on duty refused to grant the request for freezing of Vale’s funds on the amount of R$ 120 million to cover for the cost of the technical auditing of the structures included in the Public Civil Action. In addition, Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Instituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis – IBAMA) and SEMAD imposed administrative sanctions in the amount of R$ 250 million and approximately R$ 99 million, respectively. In addition to the processes described above, Vale is a defendant in several other investigations, including criminal investigations, administrative and judicial proceedings, which may result in other asset freezes, payments of fines and indemnifications.

Specifically, in regards to indemnifications, the Company has the objective of reaching agreements with the competent authorities in order to efficiently support the affected people and promote the due reparation to the other damages caused. Report from Administration 16 Class actions in the United States Vale and some of its executives were considered defendants in claims for civil class actions in federal courts in New York brought by holders of American Depositary Receipts ("ADR") issued by Vale, based on the U.S. Federal Securities Laws. The lawsuits claim that Vale made false and misleading statements or failed to make disclosures related to the potential risks and hazards of the failure of the Dam I of Córrego do Feijão mine. The plaintiffs did not specify the value of the alleged damages in those actions. Vale intends to defend itself from these proceedings and to prepare a complete defense against these claims. As a consequence of the preliminary nature of these lawsuits, it is not possible to determine a reliable set of results or estimates of the potential exposure at this moment, therefore, it was not possible to estimate the amount of the provision that will be recognized in 2019. For more information, refer to the explanatory notes of the financial statements of December 31st, 2018.

Corporate socio-environmental responsibility Investments Throughout 2018, Vale invested R$ 2.1 billion in corporate socio-environmental responsibility. This total is a result of the sum of R$ 1.7 billion invested in environmental protection and conservation and another R$ 421 million regarding social programs. Through the Vale Foundation, the investment was R$ 51 million in social projects that prioritize work and income generation, health and education in 67 municipalities in the states of Pará, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and Rio de Janeiro. For 2019, Vale will have the Social Investment area, created at the end of 2018, with the objective of ensuring effectiveness and compliance of the company's and Vale Foundation's socio-cultural projects. Vale's commitment to climate change was reflected in the establishment of a new goal of reduction of carbon emissions in 2018: 16% by 2030, based on the year 2017, increasing from the previous goal of 5% by 2020. The goals for 2030 were also revised and expanded for water savings and for the recovery of degraded areas. They respectively aim to reduce globally the specific use of new water by 10% and to recover 100,000 hectares of degraded area in our operations and in adjacent areas. With two years of voluntary membership in the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), Vale prepared, in 2018, scenarios studies recommended for both low carbon saving and failure to meet the target defined in the Paris Agreement. These studies will support the identification of key risks and material opportunities related to climate change. With regard to Human Rights, in 2018, Vale invested in the training in Human Rights for its leadership, with a recommendation to be carried out by all employees. The company is a signatory to the Guiding Principles on Safety and Human Rights, and has its policy on the subject published since 2009. The involvement of employees and managers is reinforced by the Sustainability KPI program, which impacts on variable remuneration and covers critical environmental and social issue indicators. Renova Foundation Report from Administration 17

The work performed by the Renova Foundation, with the objective of achieving socio-environmental and socio-economic restoration of the region impacted by the failure of Fundão Dam in 2015, belonging to Samarco, has been evolving consistently. Since November 2015, approximately R$ 5.3 billion have been invested in the programs agreed in the Transaction and Consent Decree (TTAC), with R$ 4.8 billion in remediation actions and R$ 0.4 billion in compensation actions. In the scope of remediation actions, since 2015, approximately R$ 1.3 billion have been paid in indemnities, representing more than 26 thousand people assisted. In 2018, investments totaled more than R$ 2.0 billion, R$ 596 million of which in indemnities. As important socio-environmental milestones, the planting of 800 hectares, the enclosure of APPs (Permanent Preservation Areas) in 37 rural properties and around 1,000 springs in the process of restoration, are expected to reach another 500 in 2019. In the socio-economic context, it is worth highlighting the construction in progress of Novo Bento Rodrigues, and the approval of the urban project of Paracatu for more than 90% of the families, besides the indemnities paid. Commitments One of the socio-environmental commitments assumed by Vale is the decommissioning or de-characterization of all its dams built using the upstream heightening method. The plan was presented to the Brazilian authorities in January 2019, in the face of the tragic failure of Dam I of Córrego de Feijão Mine in Brumadinho (MG), and also plans to de-characterize structures such as tailings dams to reintegrate them into the environment. The initial estimate, based on preliminary studies carried out on January 29th, 2019, indicated expenditures of R$ 5 billion for the removal and reprocessing of all material in the dams, followed by the total recovery of the areas in the process of de-characterization. Prior to the event, plans for the de-characterization of these dams were, up to that moment, based on methods that ensured the physical and chemical stability of structures without necessarily predicting the removal and processing of existing tailings. After the event, the Company is working on a detailed plan of individual engineering for each of these dams that will allow its total de-characterization. Up to the present time it is not possible to define the costs to be incurred in these de-characterizations and as soon as a new solid estimate is defined, the Company will disclose and recognize the obligation in 2019. In order to carry out the decommissioning works of the upstream dams with speed and safety, Vale will temporarily halt the production of the units where the structures are located, with resumption of operations as the decommissioning works are completed. Report from Administration 18

Impacts on production Following the Brumadinho dam rupture, Vale´s iron ore fines annualized production was impacted by the equivalent of about 92.8 Mtpy: • 40 Mtpy from Feijão, Vargem Grande and Fábrica complexes, as a result of the following events: (i) on February 4th, 2019 (and again on February 20th, 2019), Vale disclosed its intention to advance the de-characterization/decommissioning process of all its upstream dams; (ii) on February 18th, 2019, ANM published the new Resolution N° 4 recommending higher dam safety parameters; (iii) on February 20th, 2019, Vale confirmed that Vargem Grande, Grupo and Forquilha I, II and III tailings dams safety parameters could be potentially lower than what the new resolution recommended; and, (iv) on February 20th, 2019, ANM promoted inspections to the sites and determined the suspension of activities at the entire Vargem Grande Complex and Fábrica Mine; as informed in the press release “Clarification on the Vargem Grande, Grupo and Forquilha I, II and III dams,” dated March 1st, 2019. 30 Mtpy from Brucutu mine, following the decision held by the Court of the Comarca of Santa Barbara, within the scope of the public civil action no 5000153-77.2019.8.13.0572, filed by the Public Prosecution Office of the State of Minas Gerais (“MPMG”), as informed in the press release “Vale reports on Public Civil Actions,” dated March 25th, 2019. 12.8 Mtpy from Timbopeba mine, following the decision held by the 2nd Civil Court of the Comarca of Ouro Preto, within the scope of the public civil action n° 5000435-60.2019.8.13.0461, filed by the MPMG, as informed in the press release “Vale on the Timbopeba mine operations,” dated March 15th, 2019. 10 Mtpy from Alegria mine, following Vale’s decision to temporarily suspend on a preventive basis the Alegria mine operation, as informed in the press release “Vale informs on operation of the Alegria mine,” dated March 20th, 2019. • • • Pellets production was impacted by 11 Mtpy, as result of the stoppage of the Fábrica and Vargem Grande pelletizing plants, as informed in the press release “Vale announces the decommissioning of all its upstream tailings dams,” dated January 29th, 2019. Transparency Vale presents its Sustainability Report annually as an initiative for transparency and disclosure of information on the main topics related to its business. The sustainability report is produced in accordance with the GRI methodology, the most widely disseminated internationally, and its latest version is available on the company's website. Report from Administration 19

Corporate Governance Vale, its leadership and employees guide their behavior by the highest ethical standards. However, if a deviation is suspected, the company has an Ethics and Conduct Office channel that can be used by anyone, including employees, contractors, suppliers, and members of communities within the company's areas of activity. Complaints made to the company's Ethics channel are handled by Vale's Ethics and Conduct Office, an independent area, reporting to the Board of Directors and Fiscal Council, responsible not only for the treatment of complaints received, but also for disclosure of the Company's Code of Ethical Conduct. In 2018, Vale's Board of Directors approved a relevant update to the company's Code of Ethics and Conduct. The new Code has been widely disclosed to employees and is available on the intranet and the internet in 8 languages. In 2018, Vale's Ethics and Conduct Office Channel received 2,709 complaints, with 77.4% of them being investigated. Among the complaints made, 44.6% were confirmed. All confirmed cases are handled through a plan of action defined by the company's managers and approved by the Ethics and Conduct Office. The Ethics and Conduct Office's verifications led to the creation of 3,844 corrective actions, including the termination of 214 employees. Vale continued the progress of corporate governance practices started in 2017 and had its landmark entry into "Novo Mercado" in December, the segment with the highest corporate governance standard in Brazil. Vale is preparing to become a company with pulverized capital by 2020 and is strengthening its corporate governance. In this sense, the Board of Directors revisited most of the company's core policies, such as: (i) Corporate Integrity; (ii) Code of Ethics; (iii) Related Parties; (iv) Socio-environmental; (v) Risk Management; (vi) Remuneration to Shareholders; (vii) Securities Trading; and, (viii) Disclosure of relevant information. Another highlight of 2018 was the review of the Corporate Risk Management model, which involved several areas of the company. It is also worth noting the continuous efforts to increase transparency, especially in relation to remuneration practices, with emphasis to changes in remuneration packages, which have been made in line with the highest international standards, among which: (i) mandatory ownership of shareholding position for Executive Board; (ii) greater discretionary weight in determining individual goals privileging meritocracy; and, (iii) greater weight of long-term variable remuneration. Report from Administration 20

2018 was also the first year of disclosure of the Report on the Brazilian Code of Corporate Governance (CBGC), which requires the observation of 31 items covering matters related to ethics and conflict of interest, Board of Directors, executive board, and practices that impact the shareholders. Vale fully adhered to 80% of the practices recommended by the CBGC and, in 17% of practices, the adherence was partial. Operational and economic-financial performance Selected financial indicators Net operating revenues Adjusted EBIT1 Adjusted EBIT margin1 (%) Adjusted EBITDA2 Net income (loss) 134,483 108,532 94,633 48,825 37,150 28,799 36.3% 34.2% 30.4% 61,065 48,992 40,906 25,657 17,627 13,311 1 Excluding on e-off effects. E B IT = E arnings before interest and taxes. E BITDA : E arnings before interest, taxes, depreciation an d am ortization. ² E xcluding o ne-off effects. Reconciliation of EBITDA Consolidated of continuing operations Depreciation, amortization and exhaustion 12,240 11,842 12,107 Net financial result 18,058 9,650 (6,302) Items for Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation Results from equity in associates and joint ventures 693 277 3,242 Dividends and interest received in associates and joint ventures 1,433 1,313 669 Report from Administration 21 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations61,06548,99240,906 Impairment and other results in associates and joint ventures2,2408833,940 Special events1,283142228 EBITDA55,41646,37732,827 Income taxes(966)4,6079,567 Net income (loss) from continuing operations26,08420,27817,455 R$ million201820172016 R$ million201820172016

Performance of business segments Ferrous Minerals Adjusted EBITDA in the Ferrous Minerals segment was R$ 54.2 billion in 2018, R$ 10.9 billion higher than in 2017, mainly due to the positive impact of the exchange rate variations (R$ 9.1 billion), higher realized prices2 (R$ 3.8 billion), and higher sales volumes (R$ 4.0 billion), which were partially offset by higher costs and expenses (R$ 6.2 billion). Costs and expenses3 of iron ore and pellets totaled R$ 47.1 billion, R$ 6.2 billion4 more than in 2017, mainly due to the higher costs of maritime freight and the increase in the rate of iron ore royalties. The average realized price of iron ore fines, encompassing CFR and FOB sales5, was US$ 66.2/t in 2018, 3.0% above the US$ 64.2/t realized in 2017. The average price of pellets increased from US$ 109.2/t in 2017 to US$ 117.5/t in 2018. Base Metals Adjusted EBITDA of Base Metals was R$ 9.3 billion in 2018, 29% higher than the R$ 7.2 billion registered in 2017, mainly due to higher prices (R$ 2.5 billion), the favorable impact of exchange rate variations (R$ 1.4 billion) and lower expenses (R$ 212 million), which were partially offset by higher costs (R$ 1.3 billion) and lower volumes (R$ 812 million). This reflects Vale's strategic decision to reduce the nickel production profile and prioritize the generation of value over volume. In addition, in line with its strategy of exploiting the potential of Vale's nickel premium products, the average realized price in 2018 was US$ 13,667/t, US$ 545/t above the average LME price of US$ 13,122/t in the year, a nickel price performance 4.2% above LME prices, the highest percentage above the benchmark since 2002. The average realized price of copper decreased by approximately 6.5%, from US$ 5,970/t in 2017 to US$ 5,583/t in 2018, mainly due to the decrease in the market benchmark. Nickel sales volumes decreased from 295,000 t in 2017 to 236,000 t in 2018, also reflecting the strategic decision to reduce nickel production and prioritize the generation of value over volume in the business. Copper sales volumes decreased from 424,000 t in 2017 to 379,000 t in 2018, 2 Excluding the effect of exchange rate variations. 3 Excluding depreciation and amortization. 4 Excluding the effect of exchange rate variations and higher volumes. 5 CFR (Cost and Freight) sales include maritime freight in the price and FOB (Free on Board) sales consider the product delivered at the loading port and therefore do not include sea freight. Report from Administration 22

mainly due to the strategic decision to reduce nickel volumes in Canada, which led to lower copper production as a by-product of North Atlantic operations. Coal In 2018, the Coal business faced operational bottlenecks, which were boosted by the rains both at the beginning and the end of the year, affecting the pace of ramp-up and impacting metallurgical coal production. In response, management decided to stabilize the operation by implementing important initiatives, such as: preparation of new mine pits selected for tailings disposal, transfer of knowledge and support from iron ore operations, and expansion of waste removal. The smaller volumes impacted the dilution of the tariff of the Nacala Logistics Corridor, which was in force for the entire year of 2018, but only partially during 2017. Additionally, to a lesser extent, costs were also impacted by the structural changes mentioned above. These combined effects, partially offset by higher prices, were the main factors affecting the adjusted EBITDA for the coal business, which totaled R$ 617 million in 2018 vs. R$ 1.153 billion in 2017. The average realized price of metallurgical coal was US$ 190.6/t in 2018, 10.4% above the US$ 172.7/t achieved in 2017, while the average price of thermal coal increased by 19%, from US$ 71.0/t in 2017 to US$ 84.2/t in 2018. Sales volumes of metallurgical coal were 6.2 Mt in 2018, reducing 0.9 Mt in relation to 2017 due to severe weather conditions at various times of the year and the process of opening new mining fronts. Sales volumes of thermal coal increased from 4.6 Mt in 2017 to 5.4 Mt in 2018. Report from Administration 23

Net income Net income in 2018 was R$ 25.7 billion, R$ 8.0 billion higher than in 2017, mainly due to the higher cash generation measured by EBITDA of R$ 12.1 billion and the lower impact of the negative result from discontinued operations of R$ 2.2 billion, which were partially offset by the predominantly non-cash negative effect of the depreciation of the BRL of 14.5% in 2018, which reduced net income by R$ 9.3 billion. Impairments Asset impairments and the recognition of onerous contracts (excluding impairment on investments6) from continuing operations, both with no cash effect, totaled R$ 2.2 billion in 2018, mainly due to the costs of long-term contracts of the Midwest System river transport and port service, which have a guaranteed minimum volume (R$ 1.5 billion). R$ million Other assets 713 Total 2,240 6 From associates and joint ventures. Report from Administration 24 Onerous contracts1,527 Impairment of assetsTotal impairment in 2018 Diversified segments

Shareholders’ remuneration As a result of the failure of Dam I of Córrego de Feijão mine in Brumadinho (MG) on January 27th, 2019, Vale’s Board of Directors, at an extraordinary meeting, decided to suspend the Shareholders' Remuneration Policy, and the non-payment dividends and interest on capital, as well as any other resolution on the repurchase of shares of its own issuance. Under Brazilian law, there is an obligation of shareholders' remuneration of 25% of the company's profit in the fiscal year. Vale has already paid remuneration to shareholders at a level significantly above the legal minimum threshold through the payment of interest on capital in the amount of R$ 7.694 billion on September 20th, 2018. This amount was paid as an advance payment on the minimum remuneration for the period ended December 31st, 2018. The net profit to be used as the basis for calculating the mandatory minimum remuneration to the shareholder in 2018 was R$ 22.877 billion, which consists of Vale's net accounting profit in 2018 (R$ 25.657 billion), less the amount of legal minimum reserves and tax incentives (R$ 2.780 billion), in line with applicable legislation. The share of 25% of this amount is equivalent to R$ 5.719 billion. Considering that the distribution of interest on capital is subject to the withholding of 15% of income tax on the part of the shareholders and also taking into account that the regulation defines that the amount of 25% of the profit to be distributed must refer to the net value received by the shareholders after deduction of such taxes, the mandatory minimum remuneration to the shareholder for 2018 – as defined established in the articles of incorporation – was R$ 6.729 billion. by Brazilian law and Report from Administration 25

Investments Investments in 2018 remained in line with 2017, totaling US$ 3.784 billion, consisting of US$ 888 million in project executions and US$ 2.896 billion in maintenance of operations. Progress indicators7 2H19 a A dditional net capacity. b Original Cap ex budg eted at US $ 11.5 82 billion vs. current disbursem ent trend of US $ 7.85 0 billion by the end of th e project. Investments in the maintenance of operations increased by US$ 666 million in 2018, mainly due to investments in digital transformation and automation, the return of pelletizing plants, the project to recover iron ore fines from the Gelado dam, and the underground expansion project of Voisey's Bay mine in Canada. US$ million 2016 2017 2018 Projects 3,102 1,617 888 Total 5,190 3,848 3,784 Investment made by business area1 US$ million 2016 2017 2018 Ferrous Minerals 3,248 2,680 2,392 Base Metals 1,057 1,009 1,223 Energy 73 34 12 Steel 201 6 - Total 5,190 3,848 3,784 1 Excluding R& D. ² In 2015 and 2016, corporate investments were allocated to their respective business areas, whereas in previous years they were allocated to Others. Investments in dam management Investments in dam management in Brazil had already been reinforced continuously since the failure of the Fundão dam of Samarco in 2015. These investments are expected to reach R$ 256 million (approximately US$ 70 million) in 2019, according to the budget approved by the 7 In the table, we do not include pre-op erating expe nses in the estim ated Cap ex for the year, althou gh these exp enses are include d in the total estim ated C apex colum n, in line with our approval process by the B oard of D irectors. In ad dition, our estim ate fo r Cap ex of the year is reviewe d only once a year. Report from Administration 26 Others111 Coal612118156 Maintenance of existing operations2,0882,2302,896 Estimated ProjectCapacitystart-up (Mtpa)date Realized CapexEstimated Capex (US$ million)(USD million) Physical progress 2018Total2019 Total Ferrous Minerals projects CLN S11D230 (80)a1H14 to5787,146209 7,679b97%

company in 2018, an increase of approximately 180% compared to the R$ 92 million (approximately US$ 30 million) invested in 2015. Investments in dam management Management of dams 111 92 109 180 241 256 ¹ Amounts approved in the company’s business plan for 2019 From 2016 to 2019, investments in dam management will total R$ 786 million (approximately US$ 220 million), being applied to maintenance and safety actions for dams, such as maintenance, monitoring, improvements, audits, risk analysis, revisions of the Emergency Action Plan for Mining Dams (PAEBM), implementation of warning systems, video monitoring and instrumentation, making it the most significant category with respect to investments in waste dumps and tailings dams, representing more than 30% of the total amount invested. Investment in waste dumps and tailings dams 474 226 152 202 221 435 Brazil Other countries Exchange rate R$ / US$ 407 67 2.35 174 52 3.33 131 21 3.49 191 11 3.19 178 43 3.65 225 210 3.76 956 576 456 608 654 845 Management of dams New conventional dams Heightening Waste dumps Others 111 391 168 203 83 92 230 139 109 6 109 115 94 86 52 180 241 96 79 12 241 140 188 81 4 256 222 203 101 63 ¹ Amounts approved in the company’s business plan for 2019 Investments in new dams, all built by the conventional method, reflect the company's operational needs and the implementation schedule of each of the projects in execution. Between 2014 and 2016, important dam building projects of dams have been carried out at Vale, such as the Norte Brucutu Dam (2015) and Forquilha V Dam (2016) in Minas Gerais, and the construction of the Maravilhas III Dam started in 2016. It is important to emphasize that all Vale's new dam constructions follow the conventional construction method, in line with the decision made in 2016, following the failure of Samarco's dam in Mariana, to render inactive and decommission or de-characterize the upstream dams and whose implementation will be accelerated, as stated in the press release of January 29th, 2019. With the continuous increase in dry processing, from 45% in 2014 to 60% in 2018 and 70% in 2023, the investments in new dams and heightening of dams tend to be reduced accordingly. Report from Administration 27 Total investments in waste dumps and tailings dams in Brazil, in R$ In million2014201520162017201820191 Total investments in waste dumps and tailings dams, in US$ R$ million2014201520162017201820191

In addition, to treat wet processing tailings, Vale informs that it plans to invest approximately R$ 1.5 billion (about US$ 390 million) in the implementation of dry stacking technology from 2020 onwards, with pilot projects to evaluate the use of technology on an industrial scale. This initiative adds to the acquisition of New Steel for US$ 500 million, announced on December 11th, 2018, with innovative technologies for dry processing of iron ore. Investments in Health and Safety Vale has also made significant investments in health and safety, mainly in electrical rehabilitation, structural rehabilitation and operational adequacy, fire prevention and firefighting systems, as well as other actions aimed at mitigating risks and complying with legal requirements. In 2014 and 2015, Vale executed large projects of electric rehabilitation and firefighting, as well as structural rehabilitation actions and, consequently, investments in 2017 decreased to R$ 479 million. Since then, Vale has been increasing its investments in projects related to health and safety and, in 2018, R$ 673 million were invested, a 41% increase compared to 2017. The 2019 budget approved by the Board of Directors in 2018 foresees an even greater investment in health and safety, representing an increase of 30% in relation to the amount realized in 2018, and the highest amount in the last five years. Investment in health and safety Investments in H&S, in US$ 360 353 198 207 233 291 Brazil 317 178 125 151 184 233 Other countries 43 175 73 56 49 58 Exchange rate R$/US$ 2.35 3.33 3.49 3.19 3.65 3.76 744 593 435 479 673 877 Brazil, in RS$ ¹ Amounts approved in the company’s business plan for 2019 Report from Administration 28 Total investments in H&S in R$ million2014201520162017201820191

Debt indicators Vale managed to reach its net debt target of US$ 10 billion, reducing it to US$ 9.650 billion as of December 31, 2018, a decrease of US$ 8.493 billion compared to the position as of December 31, 2017. The leverage, as measured by net debt/LTM8 EBITDA, decreased to 0.6x. In 2018, the benefits of Vale having lower debt levels could be seen in the reduction of gross interest, which was reduced by 31% from US$ 1.697 billion in 2017 to US$ 1.185 billion in 2018. Gross debt totaled US$ 15.466 billion on December 31, 2018, representing a reduction of US$ 1.344 billion compared to September 30, 2018 and US$ 7.023 billion compared to December 31, 2017. The reduction in gross debt compared to 2017 was mainly due to the repayment of US$ 7.753 billion in 2018, including the repurchase of bonds maturing in 2020, 2021, 2022, 2036 and 2042. The average term of the debt remained at 8.9 years on December 31, 2018, in line with the average term of December 31, 2017. The average cost of debt after foreign exchange and interest rate swap transactions was 5.07% per year on December 31, 2018, in line with the value of 5.06% per year on December 31, 2017. Debt indicators Gross debt 29,322 22,489 15,466 Net debt 25,042 18,143 9,650 Gross debt / LTM EBITDA adjusted1 (x) 2.4 1.5 0.9 LTM EBITDA adjusted1 / gross interest expenses (x) 6.8 9.0 14.0 Gross debt / EV2 46.2% 27.4% 19.7% 1 Excluding non-recurring effects 2 EV = market value on 12/28/2018 plus net debt 8 LTM = last twelve months Report from Administration 29 in US$ million201620172018

Policy regarding independent auditors Vale has specific internal procedures for the pre-approval of services contracted with its external auditors, in order to avoid conflict of interest or the loss of objectivity of its external independent auditors. Vale's policy, in relation to independent auditors and in the provision of services not related to external auditing, is based on principles that preserve its independence. In line with best corporate governance practices, all services provided by our independent auditors are supported by a letter of independence issued by the auditors and pre-approved by the Fiscal Council. According to CVM Instruction 381/2003, the services contracted with external auditors of the company KPMG Auditores Independentes, for a biennial term until April 2019, for the financial year of 2018 for Vale and its subsidiaries were as follows: 15,544 92.6 Financial Audit Audit Related Services² 51 0.3 1 Percentage relating to total fees of external audit services. 2 Those services are mostly contracted for periods of less than one year. Vale Board of Directors approved the contracting of PricewaterhouseCoopers Auditores Independentes (PwC), replacing KPMG Auditores Independentes (KPMG), to provide audit services for its financial statements for a period of five years beginning in 2019. That service will start to be provided as of the review of the quarterly information (ITRs) for the period ending on June 30th, 2019. The replacement of KPMG by PwC aims to comply with the provisions of art. 31 of CVM Instruction 308/99, which determines the rotation of independent auditors every five years, and was approved by current auditors. Report from Administration 30 Total External Audit Services16,789100.00 Auditing - Sarbanes Oxley Act1,1947.1 Fees in R$ thousandVale and subsidiaries%¹

Accounting information Income statement R$ million 2018 2017 2016 Net operating revenue 134,483 108,532 94,633 Cost of goods sold and services provided (81,201) (67,257) (61,143) Gross profit 53,282 41,275 33,490 Gross margin (%) 39.6% 38.0% 35.4% Selling and administrative expenses (1,917) (1,697) (1,755) Research and development expenses (1,376) (1,086) (1,098) Pre-operating and stoppage expenses (984) (1,317) (1,570) Other operational expenses, net (1,613) (1,338) (937) Impairment and others results in non-current assets (3,523) (1,025) (4,168) Operating profit 43,869 34,812 23,962 Financial revenues 1,549 1,532 606 Financial expenses (8,394) (10,512) (9,295) Other financial items (11,213) (670) 14,991 Equity results in associates and joint ventures (693) (277) (3,242) Income (loss) before taxes 25,118 24,885 27,022 Current tax (2,806) (2,664) (3,307) Deferred tax 3,772 (1,943) (6,260) Net income (loss) from continuing operations 26,084 20,278 17,455 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest 117 65 (6) 25,967 20,213 17,461 shareholders Discontinued operations Losses from discontinued operations (310) (2,608) (4,159) Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest - (22) (9) Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Vale’s shareholders (310) (2,586) (4,150) Net income (loss) 25,774 17,670 13,296 Net income (prejuízo) attributable to noncontrolling interest 117 43 (15) Net i ncom e (loss) attri butabl e to V al e’ s shareholders 25,657 17,627 13,311 Equity income (loss) by business segment R$ million 2018 2017 2016 Ferrous Minerals 1,540 846 616 Coal 58 63 (18) Base Metals 5 2 (4) Steel (578) (714) 242 Others 120 105 275 Total 1,145 302 1,111 Report from Administration 31 Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Vale’s

Balance sheet – consolidated Current 59,256 62,701 73,547 Non-current 51,631 43,965 34,092 Permanent 230,826 221,431 215,057 Total 341,713 328,097 322,696 Liabilities Current 35,285 43,357 36,610 Non-current liabilities 132,745 136,634 152,384 Net assets 173,683 148,106 133,702 Share capital 77,300 77,300 77,300 Reserves 42,502 24,539 13,698 Others 50,601 41,919 36,243 Equity attributable to non-controlling interests 3,280 4,348 6,461 Total 341,713 328,097 322,696 Report from Administration 32 R$ million201820172016 Assets

10. Comments of the directors 10.1 - General Financial and Equity Conditions The financial information included in this Reference Form, except when expressly stated, refers to Vale's consolidated financial statements, prepared in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil and the International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Information in this item 10 in the Reference Form should be read and analyzed jointly with Vale's consolidated financial statements, available at the Company's website (www.vale.com.br) and the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission's website (www.cvm.gov.br). a. General Financial and Equity Conditions On December 31, 2018, Vale net sales revenue was R$ 134.483 billion and with an operating of 32.6%. Operating profit was R$ 43.869 billion, 26.0% up compared to the same period in 2017, due to higher volumes and prices of iron ore and pellets. Operating expenses increased from R$ 5.438 billion in 2017 to R$ 5.890 billion in 2018, due to (i) US$ 290 million increase in R&D expenses and (ii) increase in provisions related to lawsuits of US$ 385 million. In addition, in 2018, Vale recorded an increase in "impairment and losses on noncurrent assets" to R$ 3.523 billion, compared to R$ 1.025 billion in 2017, as a result of (i) impairment of R$ 713 million of the biological assets, (ii) recognized costs of R$ 1.527 billion with long-term contracts of the Midwest system for river transportation and port service, which have a guaranteed minimum volume, and (iii) loss of R$ 1.283 billion of non-feasible projects and operating assets written off through sale or obsolescence. Cash generated from continuing operations, as measured by Adjusted EBITDA1, was R$ 61.065 billion in 2018, an increase of R$ 12.073 billion when compared to 2017, mainly due to (i) the increase in prices and sales volumes of iron ore and pellets, (ii) the increase in prices of the Base Metals segment and (iii) the appreciation of the US dollar against the Brazilian real, with the positive impact in revenues in reais. On December 31st, 2017, Vale net sales revenue was R$ 108.532 billion and the operating margin¹ was 32.1%. Operating profit was R$ 34.812 billion, 45.0% higher when compared to the same period in 2016, due to an increase in the prices of its products, mainly impacted by the Platts Iron Ore IODEX reference price index of 62%, which was on average 22% higher in 2017. Net operating expenses – including sales and administrative, research and development, pre-operating and operation stoppage, and other net operating (expenses) revenue remained in line with 2016, changing from R$ 5.360 billion in 2016 to R$ 5.438 billion in 2017. Additionally, in 2017, there was a reduction in the line item "impairment and losses on noncurrent assets" to R$ 1.025 billion, compared to R$ 4.168 billion in 2016, due to (i) lower impairment on noncurrent assets recognized in the year and (ii) gains related to the Nacala transaction in 2017. Cash generation from continuing operations, as measured by Adjusted EBITDA, was R$ 48.992 billion in 2017, an increase of R$ 8.086 billion over the year 2016, due to (i) higher realized prices and premiums of iron ore and pellets, (ii) higher realized prices of the Coal segment and (iii) higher realized prices of the Base Metals segment. On December 31, 2016, Vale net operating sales revenue was R$ 94.633 billion and the operating margin¹ 29.7% (prior to the impairment and losses on noncurrent assets). The operating profit 1 Adjusted EBITDA is the operational income or loss adding the dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures, and excluding depreciation, exhaustion and amortization, impairments and other results from non-current assets.

was R$ 23.962 billion, mainly due to the increase in prices of its products. It was a year in which the Company sought various opportunities to reduce costs. Cash generation from continued operations, measured by Adjusted EBITDA², was R$ 40.906 billion in 2016. Ferrous Minerals Base Metals C oal O thers 76.5% 18.2% 4.6% 0.8% 74.0% 20.2% 4.6% 1.2% 73.9% 22.5% 3.0% 0.6% T otal 1 0 0 .0 % 1 0 0 .0 % 1 0 0 .0 % On December 31st, 2018, the gross debt of the Company totaled R$ 59.928 billion, compared to R$ 74.392 billion on December 31st, 2017, representing a 19.4% reduction of the net payment of loans of R$ 23.565 billion and a negative impact of the exchange rate of R$ 8.982 billion. On December 31st, 2017, the gross debt of the Company totaled R$ 74.392 billion, compared to R$ 95.564 billion on December 31st, 2016, representing a 22.15% reduction, due to the Company's solid operating results and the conclusion of divestiture programs. For further information on our indebtedness, see item "c" below. On December 31st, 2018, the Company had controlling shareholders' equity of R$ 170.403 billion, compared to R$ 143.758 billion on December 31st, 2017. Shareholders' equity increased by 18.5%, mainly as a result of the Company's net income of R$ 25.657 billion and by the positive impact of the conversion of R$ 14.132 billion. These effects were partially offset by the dividend payment and the buyback program. On December 31st, 2017, the Company had controlling shareholders' equity of R$ 143.758 billion, compared to R$ 127.241 billion on December 31st, 2016. Shareholders' equity increased by 12.9%, mainly as a result of the Company's net income of R$ 17.627 billion, and subsequent capitalization of reserves. In 2018, 2017 and 2016, Vale resolved to paid dividends and interest on equity in the amount of R$ 7.694 billion, R$ 6.786 billion and R$ 3.459 billion, respectively. Fiscal Year Ended on December 31, Business segments 201820172016

b. Capital Structure The table below presents the funding standard adopted for Company activities, considering equity and third-party capital: Third-Party C apital (current liabilities and noncurrent liabilities) Equity (shareholders' equity ) T otal Capital (third party + equity) 168.030 173.683 341.713 49.2% 50.8% 100.0% 179.991 148.106 328.097 54.9% 45.1% 100.0% 188.994 133.702 322.696 58.6% 41.4% 100.0% c. Payment capacity in relation to the financial commitments assumed Gross debt Net debt A djusted EBITDA Gross Debt / A djusted EBIT DA Ratio Interest Coverage Ratio: A djusted EBIT DA / gross interest expense 59.928 37.392 61.065 1.0 14.2 74.392 60.013 48.992 1.5 9.0 95.564 81.614 40.906 2.4 6.6 The decrease in the ratio verified on December 31st, 2018 compared to 2017 was due to higher cash generation as a result of higher volumes and prices of the Ferrous Minerals segment, related to the reduction of gross debt in 2018. The decrease in the ratio verified on December 31st, 2017, compared to the previous fiscal year, was mainly due to the reduction of gross debt in 2017. The increase in the interest coverage ratio verified on December 31st, 2018, compared to 2017, was mainly due to higher Adjusted EBITDA supported by the Ferrous Minerals operational performance . The increase in the ratio verified on December 31st, 2017, in relation to the previous year, was due to the increase in the selling price of commodities. d. Sources of Financing for Working Capital and Investments in Noncurrent A ssets Used The sources of funds used by the Company in the last three fiscal years were generation of operating cash, loans and financing, issue of debt instruments and sale of investments. Activities from continuing operations generated cash flows of R$ 47.920 billion in 2018, compared to R$ 39.971 billion in 2017 and R$ 21.137 billion in 2016. In fiscal year 2018, cash flow changed in relation to the previous fiscal year, mainly due to (i) higher volumes and prices of Ferrous Minerals and (ii) higher working capital as a result of the cobalt streaming and (iii) lower interests and derivatives payments as a result of the reduction in Net Debt. In addition, in 2018 there was a variation in activities of investments when compared to 2017 due to the the (i) cash inflow of the Fertilizers operations sale and (ii) the conclusion of the Nacala project Finance In fiscal year 2017, operating cash flow changed in relation to the previous fiscal year, mainly due to (i) stronger operating performance due to the increase in iron ore price during 2017; (ii) an improvement in working capital, mainly as a result of the significant reduction in accounts receivable; and (iii) lower losses with derivatives financial instruments compared to the same period in 2016. (in billions of reais) On December 31, 201820172016 (in billions of reais) Fiscal Year Ended on December 31, 2018%2017%2016%

Among other more relevant operations in the three-year period, the following are highlighted: • In November 2018, a Company settled US$ 600 million (equivalent to R$ 2.325 billion) in bonds issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., with maturity in 2036, together with the repurchase of US$ 400 million (equivalent to R$ 1.550 billion) of the bond issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., due in 2022. On December 31, 2018, the outstanding balance of these operations was R$ 2.914 billion (equivalent to R$ 11.290 billion). In June 2018, the Company settled US$ 980 million (equivalent to R$ 3.796 billion) in bonds issued by Vale S.A., due in 2042. As of December 31, 2018, the outstanding balance of this operation was US$ 531 million (equivalent to R$ 2.056 billion). In April 2018, the Company settled US$ 499 million (equivalent to R$ 1.933 billion) in bonds issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd. with maturity in 2020. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for this operation. • • • In March 2018, the Company settled US$ 969 million (equivalent to R$ 3.755 billion) in bonds issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., with maturity in 2021, together with the repurchase of US$ 781 million (equivalent to R$ 3.026 billion) of the bond issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., due in 2022. On December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of these operations was R$ 1.373 billion (equivalent to R$ 5.320 billion). • In 2018, the Company paid in advance US$ 1.100 billion (equivalent to R$ 4.262 billion) in export prepayment operations and US$ 259 million (equivalent to R$ 1.003 billion) in export credit notes with commercial banks and US$ 876 million (equivalent to R$ 3.396 billion) in transactions with Export Development Canada (EDC) bank. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for these operations. • In 2018, the Company borrowed US$ 1.150 billion (equivalent to R$ 4.456 billion) by means of pre-export financing agreements with commercial banks. On December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of these operations was R$ 1.155 billion (equivalent to R$ 4.476 billion). • In September 2017, the Company settled US$ 1 billion (equivalent to R$ 3.168 billion) in bonds issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., with maturity in 2019, together with the repurchase of US$ 501 million (equivalent to R$ 1.587 billion) of the bond issued by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Ltd., due in 2020. As of December 31, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for these operations. • In March 2017, the Company settled € 750 million (equivalent to R$ 2.507 billion) in bonds issued by Vale S.A., due in 2018. Advance payment of US$ 2.930 billion (equivalent to R$ 9.445 billion) in export prepayment operations and US$ 1.747 billion (equivalent to R$ 5.710 billion) in export credit notes with commercial banks. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for these operations. • In 2017, the Company borrowed US$ 350 million (equivalent to R$ 1.157 billion) by means of pre-export financing agreements with commercial banks. As of December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of these operations was US$ 252 million (equivalent to R$ 976 million). In December 2016, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Vale Canada, received a € 200 million (equivalent to R$ 688 million) loan from the French Government, maturing based on a repayment schedule beginning in late 2021 and ending in November 2026, guaranteed by Vale S.A. As of December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of this operation was •

R$ 888 million. • In August 2016, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Vale Overseas Ltd., issued US$ 1 billion (equivalent to R$ 3.259 billion) in bonds maturing in 2026, guaranteed by Vale S.A. In February 2017, the same bond was reopened in the amount of US$ 1 billion (equivalent to R$ 3.308 billion). On December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of this operation was R$ 7.938 billion. • In June 2016, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Vale Overseas Ltd., issued US$ 1.250 billion (equivalent to R$ 4.070 billion) in bonds maturing in 2021, guaranteed by Vale S.A. On December 31st, 2018, the outstanding balance of this operation was R$ 1.092 billion. • In January 2016, we withdrew US$ 3 billion (equivalent to R$ 9.777 billion) under Vale's revolving credit facilities with syndicates of international banks, which will mature in 2018 and 2020. This amount was fully repaid in 2016; US$ 1 billion (equivalent to R$ 3.259 billion) was reimbursed in June and the outstanding balance of US$ 2.0 billion (equivalent to R$ 6.518 billion) was paid in November. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for these operations. • In 2016, we borrowed US$ 950 million (equivalent to R$ 3.096 billion) in pre-export financing agreements with commercial banks. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding balance for these operations. e. Potential sources of financing used for working capital and for investments in noncurrent assets intended to be used for coverage of liquidity deficiencies In the regular course of business, Vale's main need for funds refers to capital investments, payments of dividends and debt service. The sources of funds used by the Company are: operating cash generation, loans and financing, issue of debt instruments and asset sale. Vale has revolving credit lines contracted with syndicates of international banks that may be used at the Company's discretion, as described below. During the fiscal year ended December 31st, 2016, the Company draw US$ 3 billion from its revolving credit lines, the balance of which was fully amortized in June and November 2016. In June 2017, in turn, the Company contracted a new revolving credit facility in the amount of R$ 7.750 billion (US$ 2 billion), with a term of five years, to replace the R$ 7.750 billion (US$ 2 billion) credit line contracted in 2013. As of December 31st, 2018, the total amount available in revolving credit lines was R$ 19.734 billion (US$ 5 billion), which may be used by Vale, Vale Canada Ltd. and Vale International S.A. with maturities between 2020 and 2022. As of December 31st, 2018, there was no outstanding debit balance in the revolving credit lines. f. Levels of indebtedness and characteristics of such debts On December 31st, 2018, total debt was R$ 59.928 billion, with a portion of R$ 902 million guaranteed by Vale's assets, with an average repayment maturity of 8.93 years and average cost of 5.1% per year in U.S. dollars. Gross debt (in reais) Tranche guaranteed by Vale assets (in %) 59.928 1.5% 74.392 1.2% 95.564 1.6% Debt structureOn December 31 st , (in billion)201820172016

A v erage term of amortization (in y ears) A v erage cost (in %) 8.93 5.1% 8.92 5.0% 7.91 4.6% In July 2005, Vale received its first investment grade. As of the date of this Reference Form, Vale is rated with investment grade by some of the leading credit risk rating agencies and, it has the following credit risk ratings: BBB-(Standard & Poor’s), Ba1 (Moody’s), BBBL (Dominion Bond Ratings) and BBB-(Fitch). i. Relevant loan and financing contracts The most important categories of the total debt of the Company are presented below. The values presented exclude the accumulated costs. • Loans and financing contracted in U.S. dollars (equivalent to R$ 8.4 billion, R$ 13.6 billion and R$ 23.7 billion, on December 31st, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively). These loans include credit facilities for exports, import financing from the export credit agencies and loans from commercial banks and multilateral organizations. • Fixed income instruments issued in U.S. dollars (equivalent to R$ 32.4 billion, R$ 41.6 billion, and R$ 42.6 billion, on December 31st, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively). Vale has issued several debt instruments in the stock market, including through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Vale Overseas, in the total amount of US$ 7.3 billion (equivalent to R$ 28.3 billion), up to December 31st, 2018. The subsidiary Vale Canada has issued debt securities in the amount of US$ 400 million (equivalent to R$ 1.3 billion). • Fixed income securities issued in Euros (equivalent to R$ 4.2 billion, R$ 3 billion and R$ 5.2 billion, on December 31st, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively). Vale has issued debt securities in the stock market in the total amount of € 750 million (equivalent to R$ 3.3 billion). • Other debts (R$ 14.8 billion, R$ 14.4 billion, and R$ 22 billion on December 31st, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively). The Company has several loans in Brazil, mainly with BNDES and some Brazilian private banks, as well as loans and financing in other currencies. For information on the most relevant financing operations in last three fiscal years, see item 10.1(d) above. ii. Other long-term relationships with financial institutions Vale and its controlled and affiliated companies have a commercial relationship in the normal course of their business with some of the main financial institutions in the country, according to regular financial market practices. iii. Degree of subordination among debts There is no degree of contractual subordination among the Company's unsecured financial debts. Financial debts that are secured through collateral have the privileges and prerogatives granted by the law. In addition, the Company's total loans and financing on December 31st, 2018 added up to R$ 59.928 billion. Of this total, 98.5% (R$ 59.026 billion) corresponded to obligations of unsecured nature and 1.5% (R$ 902 million) to obligations with security interests, such as asset mortgages.

The Company's total loans and financing reached R$ 74.392 billion in 2017 and R$ 95.564 billion in 2016, of which 98.8% and 97.8% corresponded to obligations of unsecured nature, and 1.2% and 2.2% to obligations with security interests, respectively for 2017 and 2016. iv. A ny restrictions imposed on the Company, especially in relation to limits of indebtedness and contracting of new debts, the distribution of dividends, the disposal of assets, the issuance of new securities and the transfer of corporate control, as well as if the Company has been compliant with these restrictions Some long-term financial instruments contain obligations related to the compliance with certain financial indicators. The indicators are: (i) leverage, understood as the ratio obtained by dividing gross debt over Adjusted EBITDA ("Leverage"); and (ii) interest coverage, thus understood as the ratio obtained by dividing Adjusted EBITDA over interest expenses ("Interest Coverage"). For further information on Adjusted EBITDA, including its calculation, see item 3.2 of this Reference Form. On December 31st, 2018, R$ 10.7 billion of the Company's consolidated gross debt were linked to the Leverage and Interest Coverage indicators. Vale was in compliance with the levels required for such indicators on December 31st, 2018, which, on that date, were as follows: (i) Leverage: 1.0x, considering that the maximum limit to be observed by the Company was 4.5x; (ii) Interest Coverage: 14.4x, considering that the minimum limit to be observed by the Company was 2.0x. In addition, no clause is directly limiting the ability to distribute dividends or interest on equity. On December 31st, 2017, the Company also remained in compliance with the levels required for the Leverage and Interest Coverage indicators, which, on that date, were as follows: (i) (ii) Leverage: 1.5x and Interest Coverage: 9.0x. On December 31st, 2016, the Company also remained in compliance with the levels required for the Leverage and Interest Coverage indicators, which, on that date, were as follows: (iii) (iv) Leverage: 2.4x and Interest Coverage: 2,9x. g. Limits of financing contracts and percentages already used Please find below a description of the limits set forth by the relevant infrastructure debentures and financing contracts in the last three fiscal years: Date ofCounterparty contract signing A llocationValue Percentage Used Disbursement of funds

5/19/2014 BNDES Financing for S11D and C LN S11D projects R$ 3.6 billion 76% The credit is av ailable in tranches, according to the projects schedule. 9/24/2012 BNDES Financing for C LN150 Project R$ 3.88 billion 100% The credit is av ailable in tranches according to the project schedule. 4/12/2008 BNDES Inv estments made in Brazil R$ 7.3 billion 100% The credit is av ailable in tranches according to the project schedule. h. Significant alterations in each item of the financial statements of the year ended on December 31, 2018 compared to the year ended on December 31st, 2017 A nalysis of Operating Results 2018 x 2017 The table below presents the values for the consolidated income statements for the fiscal years ended on December 31st, 2018 and 2017: Net sales rev enue C ost of goods sold and serv ices Administrativ e and selling expenses Research and dev elopment Pre-operating and stoppage O ther net operating expenses Impairment and other gains or losses on noncurrent assets Operating income Net financial results 134.483 (81.201) (1.917) (1.376) (984) (1.613) (3.523) 43.869 (18.058) (0.693) 25.118 0.966 (0.310) 0.117 25.657 100 (60.4) (1.4) (1.0) (0.7) (1.2) (2.6) 32.6 (13.4) (0.5) 18.7 0.7 (0.2) 0.1 19.1 108.532 (67.257) (1.697) (1.086) (1.317) (1.338) (1.025) 34.812 (9.650) (0.277) 24.885 (4.607) (2.608) 0.043 17.627 100 (62.0) (1.6) (1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (0.9) 32.1 (8.9) (0.3) 22.9 (4.2) (2.4) 0.0 16.2 23.9% 20.7% 13.0% 26.7% (25.3%) 20.6% 243.7% 26.0% 87.1% 150.2% 0.9% (121.0%) (88.1%) 172.1% 45.6% Results from inv estments affiliates and joint v entures and other results in Earnings before taxes on profit Taxation on profit Losses from discontinued operations Net income (loss) attributable to non -controlling interest Net income (loss) for the year ¹ Relating to net sales rev enue. Net sales revenue The net sales revenue was R$ 134.483 billion in 2018, representing an increase of R$ 25.951 billion, compared to R$ 108.532 billion in 2017, mainly due to higher prices and higher sales volumes, as detailed below. Ferrous minerals Iron ore Revenue from iron ore sales increased from R$ 59.206 billion in 2017 to R$ 75.056 billion in 2018, due to higher sales volumes and realized prices from US$ 64.2/t in 2017 to US$ 66.2/t in 2018. Pellets (in R$ billion) Income statement Fiscal year ended December 31 st , AVAV2018 x 2017 2018(%)¹2017(%)¹(%)

Revenue from pellet sales increased from R$ 18.043 billion in 2017 to R$ 24.389 billion in 2018, mainly due to higher sales volumes and better average realized prices for pellets, from US$ 109.2/t in 2017 to US$ 117.5/t in 2018. Coal Revenue from the sales of coal increased from R$ 5.003 billion in 2017 to R$ 6.025 billion in 2018, mainly due to the increase in metallurgical and thermal coal prices by 19% and 11%, respectively. Base Metals Nickel and other products Revenue from these products increased from R$ 14.914 billion in 2017 to R$ 16.855 billion in 2018, due to the increase in nickel prices. The average reference price quoted on the London Metal Exchange “LME” was 26% higher in 2018 when compared to the same period in 2017. Copper The revenue from the sale of copper increased from R$ 7.052 billion in 2017 to R$ 7.672 billion in 2018, mainly due to the exchange rate effect USD-linked prices, due to the USD appreciation of 14.5%.

Costs of Goods Sold and Services Rendered The cost of products and services sold (excluding depreciation) was R$ 69.482 billion in 2018, representing an increase of R$ 13.351 billion when compared to R$ 56.131 billion in 2017, due to the negative impact of the exchange rate variation in costs (R$ 5.0 billion), increase in maritime freight costs (R$ 2.3 billion), increase in the iron ore royalty rate (R$ 1.0 billion) and increase of materials and services (R$ 900 million) and fuel (R$ 1 billion). In the ferrous minerals segment, the increase in costs was mainly due to the increase in the royalties rate, the impact of the truck drivers strike in 2Q18, fuel costs and spot freight rates. In the Base Metals segment, the increase was mainly due to the reduction of production due to the longer than planned maintenance stoppage at Coleman. On the other hand, the costs related to the coal segment were impacted by the increase in the tariff of the Nacala Logistics Corridor, which was in force for the entire year of 2018, but only partially during 2017 due to the conclusion of the sale of the Nacala Logistics Corridor. Costs related to each business segment are detailed below: Ferrous Minerals Base Metals C oal O ther segments T otal (excluding depreciation) 47.995 14.715 5.811 961 69.482 36.497 14.111 4.326 1.197 56.131 A dministrative and selling expenses Administrative and selling expenses increased by 13%, from R$ 1.697 billion in 2017 to R$ 1.917 billion in 2018. Excluding the impact of depreciation, administrative and selling expenses increased by 20.4%, from R$ 1.405 billion in 2017 to R$ 1.692 billion in 2018, due to the impact of (i) service, consulting and commercial expenses, (ii) selling commission expenses and (iii) advertising campaign expenses. Research and development expenses Research and development expenses added up to R$ 1.376 billion in 2018, R$ 290 million higher than the research and development expenses recognized in 2017, which amounted to R$ 1.086 billion. These expenses include research and development initiatives for new operational improvements. Pre-operating and operation stoppage expenses In 2018, pre-operating expenses and those related to operation stoppages were R$ 984 million, which represented a 25% decrease when compared to R$ 1.317 billion in 2017, mainly due to the ramp-up of the S11D project, when there was an increase in the production curve and the reduction of the percentage allocated to idleness. Other net operating expenses Other operating expenses added up to R$ 1.613 billion in 2018, increasing by R$ 275 million when compared to the R$ 1.338 billion recognized in 2017, mainly due to the increase in provisions related to lawsuits of R$ 385 million. Cost of goods sold and services rendered per segmentFor the year ended (in billion)20182017

Impairment and other gains or losses on noncurrent assets Fixed A ssets and intangible Base Metals – Nick el Miscellaneous segments Impairment of noncurrent assets O nerous contracts Stobie (VC L) O ther assets - 0.713 0.428 0.455 0.713 1.527 0.883 - Impairment of noncurrent assets and onerous contracts 2 .2 4 0 0 .8 8 3 In 2018, the line item "Impairment and losses on noncurrent assets" totaled a loss of R$ 713 million, related to the review of the business plan for the Company's biological assets, which generated a reduction in the expected operational capacity for these assets. In 2018, impairment of noncurrent assets and onerous contracts added up to R$ 2.240 billion, due to the costs of long-term contracts of the Central-West system for river transport and port service, which have a guaranteed minimum volume. In 2017, the impairment of noncurrent assets and onerous contracts added up to R$ 883 million, mainly due to an underground mine in Sudbury that the Company placed in "care and maintenance", after the repair costs of this asset were not considered recoverable under the current market conditions, and recognized a loss of R$ 428 million in income statement for the year. Additionally, in 2017, the Company recognized a loss of R$ 436 million related to the sale of four VLOC’s and two Floating Stations. Net Financial Results In 2018, the net financial results recorded a loss of R$ 18.058 billion, compared to a loss of R$ 9.650 billion in 2017, mainly due to monetary and foreign exchange losses. The main components of the net financial results in 2018 were: (i) financial expenses of R$ 8.394 billion, (ii) losses from derivatives, in the amount of R$ 1.006 billion, and (iii) losses from monetary and exchange rate changes of R$ 10.207 billion. • The fair value effect of the derivatives represented a loss of R$ 1.006 billion in 2018 compared to a gain of R$ 1.460 billion in 2017. The following are the derivatives transactions per program: oLoan and financing hedge program – the Company recognized a loss of R$ 1.054 billion in 2018, compared to a gain of R$ 853 million in 2017. In these swap transactions, fixed or floating rates are paid in USD and remuneration is received in BRL tied to the interest rates of the hedged debts. oCash flow hedge program for the purchase of fuel oil – the Company recognized a gain of R$ 16 million in 2018, compared to a loss of R$ 258 million in 2017. In order to reduce the impact of fluctuations in bunker oil prices on maritime freight and, consequently, to reduce the volatility of the Company's cash flow, bunker oil hedge operations were carried out, through contracting options. Segments per asset class (in billions of reais) A ssets or cash generating unit Impairment For the year ended 2018 2017

oProgram for hedging of base metals products and inputs – the Company recognized a loss of R$ 99 million in 2018, compared to a gain of R$ 97 million in 2017. Monetary updates indexed according to inflation recognized a loss of R$ 1.970 billion in 2018, compared to a loss of R$ 630 million in 2017. • • Net foreign exchange losses recognized in loans and financing amounted to R$ 9.721 billion in 2018, compared to a loss of R$ 802 million in 2017, due to the BRL depreciation against the USD. Results from Investments and other results in affiliates and joint ventures The result of equity interests was negative, in the amount of R$ 693 million in 2018, being impacted by R$ 1.838 billion due to the loss of liabilities related to Samarco Mineração S.A. (“Samarco”) and earnings in equity interests in affiliated companies and joint ventures, in the amount of R$ 1.145 billion. The main impact of this year was the additional provision of R$ 1.523 billion, which represents the present value of estimates of its secondary liability regarding the Renova Foundation, and R$ 315 million, which was the amount used for financial support to Samarco. The results from equity interests in affiliates and joint ventures were R$ 1.145 billion in 2018, representing a R$ 843 million increase compared to the R$ 302 million recorded in 2017. The main companies that contributed to the results using the equity method were the pelletizing units in Tubarão (R$ 1.132 billion), MRS Logística S.A. (R$ 264 million), California Steel Industries, Inc. (R$ 289 million), Vale Logística Integrada S.A. (R$ 119 million), Aliança Norte Energia S.A. (R$ 54 million) and Aliança Geração Energia S.A. (R$ 81 million), which was partially offset by a loss in Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (R$ 867 million). Taxation on profit In 2018, a revenue from income of R$ 966 million was recorded, compared to an expense of R$ 4.607 billion in 2017, mainly due to the recognition of deferred income tax assets arising from tax losses of its subsidiary abroad that have not been recognized previously. Discontinued operations a) Fertilizers (Discontinued Operations) In December 2016, the Company executed an agreement with The Mosaic Company ("Mosaic") to sell: (i) the phosphate assets located in Brazil, except for assets located in Cubatão, Brazil; (ii) the control of Campañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C., in Peru; (iii) the potassium assets located in Brazil; and (iv) the potassium projects in Canada. In January 2018, the Company and Mosaic concluded the transaction, and the Company received R$ 3.495 billion (US$ 1.080 billion) paid in cash and 34.2 million common shares, corresponding to 8.9% of Mosaic's common shares after the issuance of these shares (R$ 2.907 billion (US$ 899 million), based on Mosaic's share quotation on the closing date of the transaction), and a loss of R$ 184 million was recognized in the income statement of discontinued operations, as of December 31st, 2018. The shares received from Mosaic were accounted for as financial instruments measured at fair value through the comprehensive income. In the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company

recognized a gain of R$ 275 million as "Adjustment to fair value of equity investments" in other comprehensive income. b) Cubatão (part of the fertilizer business) In November 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Yara International ASA ("Yara") to sell assets located in Cubatão, Brazil. In May 2018, the transaction was concluded and the Company received R$ 882 million (US$ 255 million) paid in cash, recognizing a loss of R$ 231 million in the second quarter of 2018, in the income statement of discontinued operations. The income statement of the discontinued operations for the Fertilizer segment is presented below: Result of discontinued operations Net sales rev enue C ost of goods sold and serv ices rendered O perating expenses Impairment of noncurrent assets Operating income (loss) Net financial results Results from inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Loss before taxes on profit Taxation on profit Loss from discontinued operations Profit (loss) attributable to non-controlling shareholders Loss attributable to Vale's shareholders 397 (393) 15 (415) 5,572 (5,124) (450) (2,833) (426) (18) - (2,835) (89) (8) (444) 134 (2,932) 324 (310) (2,608) - (22) (310) (2,586) A nalysis of equity changes on December 31, 2018 compared to December 31, 2017 x Current C ash and cash equiv alents Accounts Receiv able O ther financial assets Inv entories Taxes on estimated profit Taxes to be refunded O thers 22.413 10.261 1.683 17.216 2.104 3.422 2.157 6.6% 3.0% 0.5% 5.0% 0.6% 1.0% 0.6% 14.318 8.602 6.689 12.987 2.584 3.876 1.780 4.4% 2.6% 2.0% 4.0% 0.8% 1.2% 0.5% 57% 19% (75%) 33% (19%) (12%) 21% Noncurrent assets held for sale - 59.256 0.0% 17.3% 11.865 62.701 3.6% 19.1% (100%) (5%) Noncurrent Judicial deposits O ther financial assets Taxes on estimated profit Taxes to be refunded Deferred taxes on profit O thers 6.649 12.180 2.107 2.913 26.767 1.015 51.631 1.9% 3.6% 0.6% 0.9% 7.8% 0.3% 15.1% 6.571 10.690 1.754 2.109 21.959 0.882 43.965 2.0% 3.3% 0.5% 0.6% 6.7% 0.3% 13.4% 1% 14% 20% 38% 22% 15% 17% A ssets (in billions of reais) 12.31.2018 A V (%)¹ 12.31.2017 A V (%)¹ Change (%) (Dec/2018 Dec/2017) Consolidated Years ended December 31, 20182017 (in millions of reais)

Investments Intangibles Fixed A ssets 12.495 30.850 187.481 282.457 341.713 3.7% 9.0% 54.9% 82.7% 100.0% 11.802 28.094 181.535 265.396 328.097 3.6% 8.6% 55.3% 80.9% 100.0% 6% 10% 3% 6% 4% T otal assets 1 Relating to total assets. 12.31.2018 A V (%)¹ 12.31.2017 A V (%)¹ (Dec/2017 Current Suppliers and contractors Loans and financing O ther financial liabilities Taxes to be paid Taxes pay able on profit Liabilities relating to inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Prov isions Div idends and interest on shareholders' equity O thers 13.610 3.889 6.213 2.519 0.813 1.120 5.278 - 1.843 4.0% 1.1% 1.8% 0.7% 0.2% 0.3% 1.5% 0.0% 0.5% 13.367 5.633 3.260 2.307 1.175 1.080 4.610 4.742 3.284 4.1% 1.7% 1.0% 0.7% 0.4% 0.3% 1.4% 1.4% 1.0% 2% (31%) 91% 9% (31%) 4% 14% (100%) (44%) Liabilities related to noncurrent assets held for sale - 35.285 0.0% 10.3% 3.899 43.357 1.2% 13.2% (100%) (19%) Noncurrent Loans and financing O ther financial liabilities Taxes to be paid Deferred taxes on profit Prov isions Liabilities relating to inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Deferred rev enue – Gold stream O thers 56.039 10.511 15.179 5.936 27.491 3.226 6.212 8.151 132.745 168.030 16.4% 3.1% 4.4% 1.7% 8.0% 0.9% 1.8% 2.4% 38.8% 49.2% 68.759 9.575 16.176 5.687 23.243 2.216 6.117 4.861 136.634 179.991 21.0% 2.9% 4.9% 1.7% 7.1% 0.7% 1.9% 1.5% 41.6% 54.9% (18%) 10% (6%) 4% 18% 46% 2% 68% (3%) (7%) T otal liabilities Shareholders' Equity Vale’s controlling shareholders’ equity Shareholders’ equity of non-controlling shareholders T otal shareholders' equity Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 170.403 3.280 173.683 341.713 49.9% 1.0% 50.8% 100.0% 143.758 4.348 148.106 328.097 43.8% 1.3% 45.1% 100.0% 19% (25%) 17% 4% 1 Relating to total liabilities and shareholders' equity. Current A ssets Cash and cash equivalents On December 31st, 2018, the balance of cash and cash equivalents in the amount of R$ 22.413 billion increased when compared to the balance of R$ 14.318 billion on December 31st, 2017, mainly due to the following factors: (i) higher operational cash flow generation in 2018; (ii) receipts from the sale of the fertilizers operations, the Nacala Project Finance and the closing of the cobalt streaming deal. A ccounts receivable Liabilities and shareholders' equity (in billions of reais) Change (%) x Dec/2018)

The balance of the accounts receivable changed from R$ 8.602 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 10.261 billion on December 31st, 2018, due to the following factors: (i) higher realized prices in 2018; (ii) positive exchange rate effect for the period; (iii) higher volumes of iron ore and pellets sold in 2018. Other financial assets The balance of other financial assets changed from R$ 6.689 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 1.683 billion on December 31st, 2018, due to the proceeds related to the Nacala Project Finance. Inventories The increase in inventory, going from R$ 12.987 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 17.216 billion on December 31st, 2018, was mainly due to: (i) higher volumes in 2018, mainly related to higher international inventories as a result of the iron ore blending strategy in China; (ii) higher freight costs in the year. Taxes on estimated profit On December 31st, 2018, taxes on estimated profit added up to R$ 2.104 billion, compared to R$ 2.584 million on December 31st, 2017. The reduction in the balance is mainly due to the offsetting of income taxes. Taxes to be refunded On December 31st, 2018, the taxes to be refunded added up to R$ 3.422 billion, compared to R$ 3.876 billion on December 31st, 2017, due to the use of PIS/COFINS credits to offset income taxes at source. Noncurrent assets held for sale On December 31st, 2017, the noncurrent assets held for sale added up to R$ 11.865 billion related to the Fertilizer operation. The Nacala operation was concluded during the year ended December 31st, 2017. For more information on the Nacala operation, see item 10.3(b) of this Reference Form. Noncurrent A ssets Judicial deposits The balance of judicial deposits increased from R$ 6.571 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 6.649 billion on December 31st, 2018. There was no material change in the period, with the balances aligned. Other financial assets The balance of other financial assets increased from R$ 10.690 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 12.180 billion on December 31st, 2018. This change in the balance is related to the receipt of Mosaic shares as part of the sale of Fertilizers operations. Taxes on estimated profit On December 31st, 2018, taxes on estimated profit added up to R$ 2.107 billion, compared to R$ 1.754 billion in the previous year, due to the exchange rate impact on the taxes of foreign companies.

Taxes to be refunded On December 31st, 2018, the taxes to be refunded added up to R$ 2.913 billion, compared to R$ 2.109 billion in the previous year, the increase of which was mainly in PIS/COFINS credits arising from the acquisition of fixed assets; Deferred taxes on profit On December 31st, 2018, deferred taxes on profit added up to R$ 26.767 billion, compared to R$ 21.959 billion in the previous year, mainly due to the recognition of deferred income tax assets arising from tax losses of a subsidiary abroad. Intangible A sset The balance of intangible assets changed from R$ 28.094 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 30.850 billion on December 31st, 2018, mainly due to the duplication of the Carajás Railroad (concession), to support the outflow of the S11D project. Fixed A ssets The balance of fixed assets increased from R$ 181.535 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 187.481 billion on December 31st, 2018. The main impact was mainly due to the increase in the exchange rate in 2018 (R$ 8.310 billion). The write-offs and depreciation for the fiscal year were offset by additions. Current liabilities Suppliers and contractors The balance of suppliers and contractors increased from R$ 13.367 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 13.610 billion on December 31st, 2018, remaining in line with 2017. Other financial liabilities The balance of other financial liabilities increased from R$ 3.260 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 6.213 billion on December 31st, 2018. The change was mainly due to the following factors: (i) R$ 1.477 higher liabilities related to derivative financial instruments; and (ii) increase of R$ 1.476 billion referring mainly to exchange rate variation and interest rates on the loan in foreign currency with Pangea Emirates Ltd, a firm owned by the group of the Company shareholders, that holds a 15% share on Vale Moçambique. Taxes payable on profit On December 31st, 2018, the taxes payable added up to R$ 813 million, compared to R$ 1.175 billion in the previous year, a decrease mainly due to higher income tax payments made during the year. Noncurrent Liabilities Loans and financing The balance of loans and financing decreased by 18%, changing from R$ 68.759 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 56.039 billion on December 31st, 2018. The reduction in loans and financing is due payments net of the debt issuance and the positive exchange rate impact. Other financial liabilities

The balance of other financial liabilities changed from R$ 9.575 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 10.511 billion on December 31st, 2018. The change was mainly due to the market value of the shareholders debentures, that generated a higher fair value of the financial instrument. Taxes to be paid The balance of taxes to be paid changed from R$ 16.176 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 15.179 billion on December 31st, 2018. This variation in the balance was related to a decrease in REFIS liabilities, which occurred as payments (R$ 4.089 billion in 2018 and R$ 3.322 billion in 2017) were higher than the monetary correction (R$ 2.189 billion in 2018 and R$ 3.029 billion in 2017), following the reduction in the SELIC rate (Special System for Settlement and Custody), thus allowing for the reduction on the notional balance. Deferred taxes on profit The balance of deferred taxes on profit increased from R$ 5.687 billion on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 5.936 billion on December 31st, 2018. This change was mainly due to the effect of the appreciation of the dollar against the real. Provisions The balance of provisions increased from R$ 23.243 million on December 31st, 2017 to R$ 27.491 billion on December 31st, 2018. This variation in the balance was due to the following factors: (i) provision of onerous contracts related to the long-term contract costs of the Mid-Western system for inland waterway transport and port service, which have a guaranteed minimum volume; and (ii) review of cash flow estimates in asset demobilization obligations. Liabilities related to interest in affiliates and joint ventures In March 2016, Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. ("BHPB") entered into an Agreement ("Agreement") with the Federal Government, two Brazilian states (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities, in connection with the lawsuit relating to the failure of Samarco's dam, for the implementation of reparation and compensation programs in the affected areas and communities. The term of validity of the Agreement is 15 years, renewable for successive one -year periods until all obligations have been met. According to the Agreement, Samarco, Vale S.A. and BHPB established a foundation ("Renova Foundation" or "Foundation") to develop and implement the programs of reparation and socio-economic and socio-environmental compensation, to be financed by Samarco. Should Samarco not meet its funding obligations to the Foundation, Vale S.A. and BHP shall be liable, under the terms of the Agreement, for providing funds to the Foundation in the proportion to their shareholding interests in Samarco, which is 50% each. As a consequence of the failure of the dam, Samarco has its operations suspended by a decision from the governmental authorities. Due to the uncertainties regarding Samarco's future cash flow, Vale S.A. maintains the provision for compliance with the reparation and compensation programs set forth in the Agreement, equivalent to the percentage of its shareholding in Samarco. The changes to the provision are shown below: (in billions of reais)

Balance on January 01 Pay ments Present v alue update Increase in prov ision Balance on December 31 3.296 (1.065) 0.592 3.511 (0.941) 0.598 1.523 0.128 4.346 3.296 In 2018, the Renova Foundation reviewed estimates of expenditures required to remedy and compensate for the impacts of the Samarco dam failure. As a result of this review, in 2018, Vale S.A. recognized an additional provision of R$ 1.523 billion, which represents the present value of the estimates of its secondary liability for the work carried out by Renova Foundation, equivalent to 50% of the additional Samarco obligations for the next 12 years. In addition to the provision, Vale S.A. also made available, during the fiscal year ended December 31st, 2018 and 2017, the amounts of R$ 315 million and R$ 452 million, respectively, which were fully used for Samarco working capital and recognized by the Company in the income statement as an expense in "Income from participations and other results on affiliates and joint ventures". By june 30th, 2019, Vale S.A. may also make available a short-term credit facility of up to R$ 341 million to support Samarco's cash requirements, without it being an obligation to Samarco. The availability of funds by the shareholders – Vale S.A. and BHPB – is subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions, being released by the shareholders, on the same basis and concurrently, as and when required. Shareholders' Equity held by Controlling Shareholders On December 31st, 2018, the balance of shareholders' equity added up to R$ 170.403 billion, compared to R$ 143.758 billion in 2017, mainly due to: (i) the net income for the year, in the amount of R$ 25.657 billion; (ii) adjustments for conversion of R$ 14.132 billion offset by the ordinary stock and ADS repurchase program in the amount of R$ 3.858 billion and advance distribution of dividends and interest on the stockholders' equity in the amount of R$ 7.694 billion. 20182017

A nalysis of Cash Flows 2018 vs. 2017 The following table presents the values related to the consolidated cash flow statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: Operating cash flow: Net gain (loss) before taxes on operating income A djustments to consolidate net profit with rev enues from operational activ ities Net operating revenues Net revenue used in investment Net revenue from (used in) financing Net cash from (used in) discontinued operations Increase (reduction) in cash and cash equivalents Beginning of the y ear cash and cash equiv alents Effect of foreign exchange v ariations in cash and cash equiv alents C ash and cash equiv alents from companies sold and merged End of the year cash and cash equivalents 25.118 22.802 47.920 (0,924) (40.529) (0,157) 6.310 14.318 2.170 (0,385) 22.413 0.9% 51.1% 19.9% (91.4%) 44.6% (80.8%) 1,357.3% 3.1% 5,610.5% (100.0%) 56.5% 24.885 15.086 39.971 (10.690) (28.031) (0.817) 0.433 13.891 0.038 (0.044) 14.318 Net cash from operations Cash flow from operating activities increased 19.89%, from R$ 39.971 billion in 2017 to R$ 47.920 billion in 2018, mainly due to (i) higher operational cash generation in 2018 due to higher volumes and prices realized on the ferrous minerals segment and (ii) closing of the cobalt streaming deal. Net cash used in investments The cash flow applied to the Company's investments for the year ended December 31st, 2018 added up to R$ 924 million, compared to R$ 10.690 billion for the same period in 2017, due to the receipt of the sale of fertilizer assets and Nacala Project Finance for R$ 8.434 billion. Net cash from (used in) financing Cash flow from financing activities for the year ended December 31st, 2018 added up to R$ 40.529 billion, compared to R$ 28.031 billion in 2017, mainly due to (i) the increase in shareholder’s remuneration by R$ 7.748 billion; (ii) repurchase of shares in the amount of R$ 3.858 billion; and (iii) lower issuance of debt and financing by R$ 1.639 billion. h. Significant alterations in each item of the financial statements Year ended December 31st, 2017 compared to the year ended December 31st, 2016 A nalysis of Operating Results 2017 x 2016 The table below presents the values for the consolidated income statements for the fiscal years ended December 31st, 2017 and 2016: Fiscal year ended on December 31, Variation (In billion reais)2018(%)2017

Net sales rev enue C ost of goods sold and serv ices rendered A dministrativ e and sales expenses Research and dev elopment Pre-operating and operation stoppages O ther net operating expenses Impairment and other gains or losses assets Operating income 108.532 (67.257) (1.697) (1.086) (1.317) (1.338) (1.025) 34.812 (0.277) (9.650) 24.885 (4.607) (2.608) 0.043 17.627 100.0 (62.0) (1.6) (1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (0.9) 32.1 (0.3) (8.9) 22.9 (4.2) (2.4) 0.0 16.2 94,633 (61.143) (1.755) (1.098) (1.570) (0.937) (4.168) 23.962 (3.242) 6.302 27.022 (9.567) (4.159) (0.015) 13.311 100.0 (64.6) (1.9) (1.2) (1.7) (1.0) (4.4) 25.3 (3.4) 6.7 28.6 (10.1) (4.4) (0.0) 14.1 14.7 10.0 (3.3) (1.1) (16.1) 42.8 (75.4) 45.3 (91.5) (253.1) (7.9) (51.8) (37.3) (386.7) (32.4) on non -current Results of inv estments and other results in affiliates joint v entures Net financial income Earnings before taxes on profit Taxation on profit Losses from discontinued operations and Net income (loss) attributable to non -controlling shareholders Net income (loss) for the year ¹ Relating to net sales rev enue. Net sales revenue Net sales revenue was R$ 108.532 billion in 2017, representing an increase of 14.7% compared to R$ 94.633 billion in 2016, mainly due to higher realized iron ore prices, the Platts Iron Ore Index, once the IODEX reference price index of 62% was 22% higher than in 2017, and other commodities combined with the higher volumes sold of pellets and metallurgical coal. Furthermore, since most of the Company's revenue is denominated in U.S. Dollars, there was a negative impact of the exchange rate on the revenue denominated in Reais, since in 2017 Brazil's currency appreciated 8.35% against the U.S. Dollar, from an average exchange rate of R$ 3.48/US$ 1.00 in 2016 to R$ 3.19/US$ 1.00 in 2017. Ferrous minerals Iron ore Revenues from iron ore sales increased 9.3%, from R$ 54.187 billion in 2016 to R$ 59.206 billion in 2017, mainly due to higher market prices. The average Platts Iron Ore IODEX reference price index of 62% was 22% higher in 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. Income statement (In billion reais) Fiscal year ended on December 31, 2017 AV (%)¹2016 AV (%)¹ Variation (%) (2016 x 2017)

Pellets Revenues from pellet sales increased 36.7% going from R$ 13.198 billion in 2016 to R$ 18.043 billion in 2017, due to better prices throughout 2017, higher premiums and higher sales volumes. Ferroalloys and manganese The revenue from the sale of manganese ore and ferroalloys increased by 45.6%, from R$ 1.031 billion in 2016 to R$ 1.501 billion in 2017, due to higher realized prices. On average, the price of manganese ore in 2017 was 43% greater than in 2016, while the price of ferroalloys was 79% higher than the average selling price in 2016. Coal Revenues from coal sales increased by 73.6%, from R$ 2.882 billion in 2016 to R$ 5.003 billion in 2017, given the increase in prices of thermal and metallurgical coal, as well as higher volumes of metallurgical coal sold in the international market. Base Metals Nickel and other products Revenue from these products at R$ 15.504 billion in 2016, remained in line with the R$ 14.914 billion recorded in 2017. The price increase in the international market during 2017 was offset by the reduction in volumes sold compared to the same period in 2016. Copper The revenue from the sale of copper increased by 22.2%, from R$ 5.770 billion in 2016 to R$ 7.052 billion in 2017, mainly due to the increase in the market price. The average reference price quoted at the LME was 27% higher in 2017 when compared to the same period in 2016. Other segments The revenue from the sale of other products and services increased from R$ 548 million in 2016 to R$ 1.272 billion in 2017, due to the increase in revenues from the sale of electric power to third parties and the greater volume of sales of steel slabs at a higher price compared to of 2016. Costs of Goods Sold and Services Rendered The cost of goods and services sold (excluding depreciation) was R$ 56.131 billion in 2017, representing an increase of R$ 6.334 billion (12.7%) when compared to R$ 49.797 billion in 2016, mainly due to the pro-cyclical effect of the commodity prices on the costs, the inflationary pressure of the industry and the increase in cost of Base Metals2. Such increases were partially offset by the exchange rate change in the costs denominated in dollar, such as, for example, sea freight costs for iron ore and costs of base metals operations outside Brazil. In 2017, the stronger commodity cycle compared to 2016 influenced costs and expenses, given the strong correlation between some cost factors and the higher prices of iron ore. However, this type of cycle generates a positive net impact on the Adjusted EBITDA, as the effects of higher product prices and commercial initiatives to maximize the realized price are much higher than the effect on the costs. 2 Excluding the positiv e effects of the change in the exchange rate and lower v olumes.

In addition to, electricity and bunker prices, which are a component of the freight cost, tend to increase in a higher commodity price environment. However, they are also influenced by other macroeconomic variables, resulting in a less than perfect correlation. In the segment of ferrous minerals, the increase in costs is, therefore, mainly due to higher costs linked to the price of commodities, such as royalties, product acquisitions and provision for the payment of employee profit sharing. Moreover, inflationary pressures in the industry, already mentioned above, led to increases in freight, bunker and electricity. In Base Metals segment, the increase was mainly due to operational problems in Thompson in the first quarter of 2017 and the non-recurring effect of the transition to a single furnace in Sudbury, marking 2017 as a year of transition to a simpler and more efficient production flow in the nickel operations in the North Atlantic. On the other hand, the costs related to the coal segment were mainly impacted by the increase in the transportation tariffs for coal. Costs related to each business segment are detailed below: Ferrous Minerals Base Metals C oal O ther segments T otal (excluding depreciation) 36.497 14.111 4.326 1.197 56.131 31.475 14.343 3.090 0.889 49.797 A dministrative and selling expenses Administrative and selling expenses decreased by 3.3%, from R$ 1.755 billion in 2016 to R$ 1.697 billion in 2017. Excluding the impact of depreciation, administrative and selling expenses increased by 4.8%, from R$ 1.341 billion in 2016 to R$ 1.405 billion in 2017, due to the impact of (i) the 8.5% increase in salaries of employees in Brazilian in November 2016, and (ii) expenses relating to the severance payments made to key management personnel. Research and development expenses Research and development expenses reached R$ 1.086 billion in 2017, remaining in line with the R$ 1.098 billion recognized in 2016. Pre-operating and operation stoppage expenses In 2017, pre-operating and operation stoppage expenses amounted to R$ 1.317 billion, representing a decrease of 16.1% when compared to R$ 1.570 billion in 2016, mainly due to lower pre-operating expenses in the ramp-up of coal operations at the Moatize Mine and nickel operations in Long Harbor. Such reductions were partially offset by higher pre-operating expenses due to the ramp-up of the S11D project. Cost of goods sold and services rendered per segment (In billion reais)20172016

Other net operating expenses Other operating expenses reached R$ 1.338 billion in 2017, reducing by R$ 79 million when compared to R$ 1.417 billion recognized in 2016, excluding the non-recurring effect of the Goldstream transaction received in 2016, in the amount of R$ 480 million. Impairment and losses on non-current assets Fixed A ssets and intangible Iron ore C oal Base Metals – Nick el Base Metals – Nick el Base Metals – Nick el Miscellaneous segments Impairment of noncurrent assets O nerous contracts Northern Sy stem A ustralia Stobie (VC L) Newfoundland (VNL) Nouv elle C aledonie (VNC ) O ther assets - - 0.428 - - 0.455 (0.536) 0.091 - 2.112 0.952 0.460 0.883 - 3.079 0.861 Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts 0 .8 8 3 3 .9 4 0 In 2017, the line item “impairment and losses on non-current assets" totaled a loss of R$ 883 million compared to a loss of R$ 3.079 billion in 2016, mainly related to (i) lower impairment of non-current assets recognized for the year, at R$ 883 million in 2017 against R$ 3.940 billion in 2016 and (ii) a gain of R$ 1.438 billion related to the Nacala transaction in 2017. In 2017, the impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts added up to R$ 883 million, mainly due to an underground mine in Sudbury that the Company placed in "care and maintenance", after the repair costs of this asset were not considered recoverable under market conditions, and recognized a loss of R$ 428 million in the income statement for the year. In 2016, the impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts added up to R$ 3.940 billion, mainly due (i) to the projection of nickel prices, having an impact on the assets of Vale Newfoundland & Labrador Limited and of Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S; (ii) to the contracts with a guaranteed minimum volume for use of fluvial structure and supply of manganese ore; (iii) to the reversion of impairment resulting from the decision to resume the pellet operations in São Luís at the beginning of 2018; and (iv) to the review of the operating plans of the coal assets in Australia. Net Financial Results In 2017, the net financial results recorded a loss of R$ 9.650 billion, compared to a gain of R$ 6.302 billion in 2016, mainly due to the negative impact of the change in the exchange rate in 2017, in the amount of R$ 2.130 billion, compared to the positive impact of the change in the exchange rate in 2016, in the amount of R$ 10.819 billion. The main components of the net financial results in 2017 were: (i) financial expenses of R$ 10.512 billion, (ii) gains from derivatives, in the amount of R$ 1.460 billion, and (iii) losses from monetary and exchange rate changes of R$ 2.130 billion. Segments per asset class In billions of reais A ssets or Cash generating unit Impairment (reversion) for the year ended 2017 2016

Impairment and other results from interest in affiliates and joint ventures The equity result was a loss of R$ 277 million in 2017, of which R$ 579 million was the loss of liabilities related to the interest in Samarco and R$ 302 million of gains related to the results of equity investments. The result recognized in liabilities related to Samarco was a loss of R$ 579 million, representing a decrease of R$ 2.663 billion, comparedto the R$ 3.242 billion recognized in 2016. Such variation occurred due to the fact that the provision was recognized in 2016, and in 2017 was recognized only the loss of R$ 452 million used for Samarco’s working capital. The results from equity interests in affiliates and joint ventures registered a gain of R$ 302 million in 2017, compared to the gain of R$ 1.111 billion that was recorded in 2016. The main companies that contributed to the results using the equity method were the pelletizing units in Tubarão (R$ 716 million), MRS Logística S.A. (R$ 219 million), California Steel Industries, Inc. (R$ 135 million), Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. (R$ 86 million), partially offset by losses in Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (R$ 849 million) and Nacala (R$ 206 million). In 2017, the Company recognized a loss of R$ 579 million, of which R$ 128 million related to the supplement of the provision for compliance with the reparation and compensation programs regarding the failure of the dam belonging to Samarco Mineração S.A. ("Samarco") and R$ 452 million used by Samarco to maintain its working capital. In 2016, the recognized loss, in the amount of R$ 4.353 billion, relates to a loss of R$ 3.967 billion (Samarco's provision), loss of R$ 266 million from the sale of its shareholding in Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd and a loss of R$ 120 million related to the transaction of Mineração Paragominas. There were no impairment charges related to investments in affiliated companies and joint ventures in 2017 and 2016. Taxation on profit In 2017, an income tax expense of R$ 4.607 billion was recorded, compared to an expense of R$ 9.567 billion in 2016. This reduction basically derives from the tax benefit of interest on shareholders' equity and tax incentives. Discontinued operations a) Fertilizers (Discontinued Operations) In December, 2016, the Company executed an agreement with The Mosaic Company (“Mosaic”) to sell: (i) the phosphate assets located in Brazil, except for assets located in Cubatão, Brazil; (ii) the control of Campañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C, in Peru; (iii) the potassium assets located in Brazil; and (iv) the potassium projects in Canada. Originally, the value of this agreement was R$ 8.158 billion (equivalent to US$ 2.5 billion), of which R$ 4.074 billion (equivalent to US$ 1.25 billion) would be paid in cash and the remainder of the value with 42.3 million common shares to be issued by Mosaic. In January 2018 (subsequent event), the Company and Mosaic concluded the transaction, which was preceded by some final adjustments made by the parties under the original terms and conditions of the negotiation. As a result of these changes, the Company received R$ 3.573 billion (equivalent to US$ 1.1 billion) in cash and 34.2 million common shares, equal to 8.9% of Mosaic's common shares after the issuance of these shares - corresponding to R$ 2,901 billion (equivalent to US$ 877 million), based on Mosaic's share quotation on the closing date of the transaction. The net assets of the fertilizer segment were adjusted to reflect the fair value less the cost of sale and, in 2017, a loss of R$ 2.325 billion (R$ 5.899 billion in 2016) was recognized in the income statement of the discontinued operations in the year ended of December 31st, 2017.

b) Cubatão (part of the fertilizer segment) In November 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Yara International ASA ("Yara") to sell assets located in Cubatão, Brazil. The value of this agreement is R$ 844 million (equivalent to US$ 255 million) to be paid in cash. The conclusion of the transaction is expected by the end of 2018 and is subject to compliance with the usual conditions precedent, including approval by the Administrative Council for Economic Defense ("CADE") and other authorities. As a consequence, the net assets were adjusted to reflect the fair value less the cost of sale, and a loss of R$ 508 million was recognized in the operating income statement as of December 31st, 2017. The results of the discontinued operations of the Fertilizer segment are presented below: Result of discontinued operations Net sales rev enue C ost of goods sold and serv ices rendered O perating expenses Impairment of non-current assets Operating income (loss) Net financial income Results of Inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Loss before taxes on profit Taxation on profit Loss from discontinued operations Profit (loss) attributable to non-controlling shareholders Loss attributable to Vale's shareholders 5.572 (5.124) (0.450) (2.833) 6.470 (6.495) (0.448) (5.899) (2.835) (0.089) (0.008) (6.372) 0.069 0.010 (2.932) 0.324 (6.293) 2.134 (2.608) (4.159) (0.022) (0.009) (2.586) (4.150) Consolidated Years ended December 31, 20172016 In billions of reais

A nalysis of equity changes on December 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016 Current C ash and cash equiv alents A ccounts Receiv able O ther financial assets Inv entories Taxes on estimated profit Taxes to be refunded O thers 14.318 8.602 6.689 12.987 2.584 3.876 1.780 4.4% 2.6% 2.0% 4.0% 0.8% 1.2% 0.5% 13.891 11.937 0.951 10.913 0.518 5.296 2.047 4.3% 3.7% 0.3% 3.4% 0.2% 1.6% 0.6% 3% -28% 603% 19% 399% -27% -13% Non-current assets held for sale 11.865 62.701 3.6% 19.1% 27.994 73.547 8.7% 22.8% -58% -15% Non-current Legal deposits O ther financial assets Taxes on estimated profit Taxes to be refunded Deferred taxes on profit O thers 6.571 10.690 1.754 2.109 21.959 0.882 43.965 11.802 28.094 181.535 265.396 328.097 2.0% 3.3% 0.5% 0.6% 6.7% 0.3% 13.4% 3.6% 8.6% 55.3% 80.9% 100.0% 3.135 2.041 1.718 2.368 23.931 0.899 34.092 12.046 22.395 180.616 249.144 322.691 1.0% 0.6% 0.5% 0.7% 7.4% 0.3% 10.6% 3.7% 6.9% 56.0% 77.2% 100.0% 110% 424% 2% -11% -8% -1% 29% -2% 25% 1% 7% 2% Investments Intangibles Fixed A ssets T otal assets 1 Relating to total assets. (Dec/2016 Current Suppliers and contractors Loans and financing O ther financial liabilities Taxes to be refunded Taxes pay able on profit Liabilities relating to inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Prov isions Div idends and interest on equity O thers 13.367 5.633 1.237 2.307 1.175 1.080 4.610 4.742 5.307 4.1% 1.7% 0.4% 0.7% 0.4% 0.3% 1.4% 1.5% 1.6% 11.830 5.410 2.499 2.144 0.556 0.951 3.103 2.660 3.903 3.7% 1.7% 0.8% 0.7% 0.2% 0.3% 1.0% 0.8% 1.2% 13% 4% -51% 8% 111% 14% 49% 78% 36% Liabilities related to non-current assets held for sale 3.899 1.2% 3.554 1.1% 10% 43.357 13.2% 36.610 11.6% 18% Non-current Loans and financing O ther financial liabilities Taxes to be refunded Deferred taxes on profit Prov isions Liabilities relating to inv estments in affiliates and joint v entures Deferred rev enue – Goldstream O thers 68.759 9.575 16.176 5.687 23.243 2.216 6.117 4.861 136.634 21.0% 2.9% 4.9% 1.7% 7.1% 0.7% 1.9% 1.5% 41.6% 90.154 6.804 16.170 5.540 18.730 2.560 6.811 5.615 152.384 27.9% 2.1% 5.0% 1.7% 5.8% 0.8% 2.1% 1.7% 47.2% -24% 41% 0% 3% 24% -13% -10% -13% -10% Liabilities and shareholders' equity In billions of reais 12.31.2017 A V (%)¹ 12/31/2016 A V (%)¹ Variation (%) x Dec/2017) A ssets (in billions of reais)12.31.2017 A V (%)¹ 12/31/2016 A V (%)¹ Variation (%) (Dec/2017 x Dec/2016)

54.9% 58.6% -5% T otal Liabilities Shareholders’ Equity Vale’s controlling shareholders’ equity Shareholders’ equity of non-controlling shareholders T otal shareholders' equity T otal liabilities and shareholders' equity 179.991 188.994 143.758 4.348 148.106 328.097 43.8% 1.3% 45.1% 100.0% 127.241 6.461 133.702 322.696 39.4% 2.0% 41.4% 100.0% 13% -33% 11% 2% 1 Relating to total liabilities and shareholders' equity. 1 Relating to total liabilities and shareholders' equity. Current A ssets Cash and cash equivalents On December 31, 2017, the balance of cash and cash equivalents of R$ 14.318 billion remained in line with the balance of R$ 13.891 billion on December 31, 2016, mainly offset by the following factors: (i) a stronger operating performance; (ii) reduction of loans and financing through higher volume of payments against a lower volume of funding; (iii) higher payment of interest on the stockholders’ equity; and (iv) lower expenses with the acquisition of fixed assets and intangible assets. A ccounts receivable The balance of the accounts receivable changed from R$ 11.937 billion on December 31, 2016 to R$ 8.602 billion on December 31, 2017, due to higher selling prices, mainly of iron ore at the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Inventories The increase in inventory, increasing from R$ 10.913 billion on December 31, 2016 to R$ 12.987 billion on December 31, 2017, was due to higher volumes stocked. Taxes to be refunded On December 31, 2017, the taxes to be refunded totaled R$ 3.866 billion, compared to R$ 5.296 billion on December 31, 2016. This reduction is due to the use of PIS/COFINS credits to offset income tax. Taxes on estimated profit On December 31st, 2017, taxes on estimated profit totaled R$ 2.584 billion, compared to R$ 518 million on December 31st, 2016. The increase in the balance is mainly due to the use of PIS/COFINS credits to offset Brazilian income tax. Non-current assets held for sale On December 31st, 2017, the non-current assets held for sale totaled R$ 11.865 billion related to the Fertilizer operation. On December 31, 2016, the assets held for sale totaled R$ 27.994 billion, of which: (i) R$ 13.178 billion related to the Fertilizer operation, (ii) R$ 13.652 billion related to the Nacala operation, and (iii) R$ 1.164 billion related to shipping assets. The Nacala operation and the sale of shipping assets were concluded during the year ended December 31, 2017. For more information on the Nacala operation, see item 10.3 (b) of this Reference Form.

Noncurrent A ssets Deferred taxes on profit On December 31, 2017, the deferred taxes on profit amounted to R$ 21.959 billion, compared to R$ 23.931 billion in the previous year. This reduction is mainly due to the realization of the tax loss of the parent company and its controlled company abroad. Legal deposits The balance of legal deposits increased from R$ 3.135 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 6.571 billion on December 31st, 2017, due to the merger of Valepar into the Company, in connection with the conversion of Vale's class "A" preferred shares. Other financial assets The balance of other financial assets increased from R$ 2.041 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 10.690 billion on December 31st, 2017. This variation in the balance relates to the deconsolidation of the Nacala logistics corridor, which generated an increase in the balance of loans receivable from Nacala B.V. in the amount of R$ 14.972 billion (R$ 6.277 billion classified as current assets and R$ 8.695 billion as non-current assets). Deferred taxes on profit On December 31st, 2017, the deferred taxes on profit amounted to R$ 21.959 billion, compared to R$ 23.931 billion in the previous year. This reduction is mainly due to the realization of the tax loss of the parent company and its controlled company abroad. Intangible A sset The balance of intangible assets increased from R$ 22.395 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 28.094 billion on December 31st, 2017, due to (i) the merger of Valepar into the Company, in connection with the conversion of Vale's class "A" preferred shares; and (ii) the duplication of São Luís railroad to transport a greater volume of iron ore after the conclusion of the S11D project. Fixed A ssets The balance of fixed assets increased from R$ 180.616 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 181.535 billion on December 31st, 2017, largely in line with 2016, mainly due to the reduction of capital investments after the conclusion of the S11D project. Current liabilities Suppliers and contractors The balance of suppliers and contractors increased from R$ 11.830 billion on December 31, 2016 to R$ 13.367 billion on December 31, 2017. This increase is mainly due to higher sea freight costs, impacted by higher bunker prices.

Other financial liabilities The balance of other financial liabilities decreased from R$ 2.499 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 1.237 billion on December 31st, 2017. The reduction relates to derivative financial instruments, which decreased from R$ 1.349 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 344 million on December 31st, 2017, as a result of the depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Brazilian currency, generating a lower impact on the result from the bunker operations and foreign exchange swaps for the year. Taxes payable on profit On December 31, 2017, the taxes payable amounted to R$ 1.175 billion, compared to R$ 556 million in the previous year, an increase mainly due to income tax payable on operations in Brazil and abroad. Noncurrent Liabilities Loans and financing The balance of loans and financing decreased by 24%, from R$ 90.154 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 68.759 billion on December 31st, 2016. The decrease in loans and financing is due to the Company’s cash generation and the conclusion of its divestment program. Other financial liabilities The balance of other financial liabilities increased from R$ 6.804 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 9.575 billion on December 31st, 2017. This variation in the balance relates to the (i) deconsolidation of the Nacala logistics corridor, which generated an increase in the balance of loans payable to Emirates Ltd. in the amount of R$ 3.856 billion; and (ii) an increase in the value of the shareholder debentures of 89.1%, from R$ 2.526 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 4.080 billion on December 31st, 2017, due to the increase in the mark-to-market of the shareholder debenture due to the increase in commodity prices. Provisions The balance of provisions increased from R$ 18.730 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 23.243 billion on December 31st, 2017. This variation in the balance relates to (i) an increase in provisions for lawsuits by 78.2%, from R$ 2.734 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 4.873 billion on December 31, 2017, due to the incorporation of PIS/Cofins lawsuits on interest on equity of Valepar; and (ii) an increase of 26.5% in the provision for asset demobilization obligations, which increased from R$ 8.055 billion on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 10.191 billion on December 31st, 2017, due to a review in the estimates of future cash flows. Shareholders' Equity held by Controlling Shareholders On December 31st, 2017, the balance of shareholders' equity added up to R$ 143.758 billion, compared to R$ 127.241 billion in 2016, mainly due to (i) the net income for the year, in the amount of R$ 17.627 billion, (ii) adjustments for conversion of R$ 3.309 billion, (iii) incorporation of Valepar's remaining assets in the amount of R$ 3.634 billion, offset by (iv) distribution of dividends and interest on equity in the amount of R$ 6.786 billion. A nalysis of Cash Flows 2017 vs. 2016 The table below presents the values relating to the cash flow statements for the fiscal years ended December 31st, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

Operating cash flow: Net gain (loss) before taxes on operating income A djustments to consolidate net profit with rev enues from operational activ ities Net operating revenues Net revenue used in investment Net revenue from (used in) financing Net cash from (used in) discontinued operations Increase (reduction) in cash and cash equiv alents Beginning of the y ear cash and cash equiv alents Effect of foreign exchange v ariations in cash and cash equiv alents C ash and cash equiv alents from companies sold and merged End of the year cash and cash equivalents 24.885 15.086 39.971 (10.690) (28.031) (0.817) 0.433 13.891 0.038 (0.044) 14.318 -7.9% -356.4% 89.1% -31.8% 879.8% 55.0% -79.1% -0.9% -101.7% -100.0% 3.1% 27.022 (5.885) 21.137 (15.673) (2.861) (0.527) 2.076 14.022 (2.207) - 13.891 Net operating revenues Operating cash flow increased by 89.1%, going from R$ 21.137 billion in 2016 to R$ 39.971 billion in 2017, mainly due to (i) a stronger operating performance by reason of an increase in the price of iron ore throughout 2017; (ii) an improvement in the working capital, mainly as a result of the significant reduction in accounts receivable and (iii) lower settlement volume of derivative financial instruments compared to the same period in 2016. Net revenue from (used in) investments The cash flow applied to the Company's investment activities for the year ended December 31st, 2017 totaled R$ 10.690 billion, compared to R$ 15.673 billion for the same period in 2016, due to the reduction of capital investments due to the conclusion of the S11D project. Net revenue from (used in) financing Cash flow from financing activities for the year ended December 31st, 2017 totaled R$ 28.031 billion, compared to R$ 2.861 billion in 2016, mainly due to: (i) higher repayment of loans and financing; (ii) increase in the payment of interest on equity; and (iii) lower borrowings. 10.2 – Operating and Financial Results a. Results of Vale operations, in particular: i. description of any key components of revenue In 2018, Vale had a net sales revenue of R$ 134.483 billion, representing an increase of 23.9% compared to R$ 108.532 billion in 2017, mainly due to higher volumes sold of iron ore fines and pellets and higher prices pellets and iron ore fines and prices of other commodities, in addition to the positive impact of foreign exchange variation, due to the prices USD denominated. In 2017, Vale had a net sales revenue of R$ 108.532 billion, representing an increase of 14.7% compared to R$ 94.633 billion in 2016, mainly due to higher prices and premiums for pellets, iron (In billion reais) Fiscal year ended on December 31, 2017 Variation (%) 2016

ore and other commodities, as well as higher volumes sold of pellets, copper and metallurgical coal. In 2016, Vale’s net operating revenues increased 17.6% to R$ 94.633 billion, compared to the previous year, mainly due to higher prices for pellets, iron ore and other commodities, as well as higher sales volumes of pellets, iron ore, nickel, copper and coal fines but were negatively affected by falling base metal prices. Vale’s revenue depends, among other factors, on the volume of production at its facilities and the prices for its products. The production report is available on the Company’s website (www.vale.com). The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, the distribution of Vale’s net revenues based on the geographical location of its customers. North A merica USA C anada South A merica Brazil O thers A sia C hina Japan South Korea Taiwan O thers Europe Germany France United Kingdom Italy O thers Other countries Net Revenue 7.346 4.937 2.409 14.849 11.860 2,989 79.825 56.283 10.066 4.772 1.882 6.822 22.374 6.058 2.412 1.147 2.029 10.728 10.089 134.483 5.5 3.7 1.8 11.0 8.8 2.2 59.4 41.9 7.5 3.5 1.4 5.1 16.6 4.5 1.8 0.9 1.5 8.0 7.5 100.0 7.399 4.183 3.216 13.210 11.091 2.119 64.129 44.847 7.836 4.482 2.231 4.733 17.570 4.414 1.761 1.106 1.673 8.616 6.224 108.532 6.8 3.9 3.0 12.2 10.2 2.0 59.1 41.3 7.2 4.1 2.1 4.4 16.2 4.1 1.6 1.0 1.5 7.9 5.7 100.0 7.553 3.475 4.078 8.343 7.103 1.240 58.027 43.778 6.019 3.041 2.147 3.042 16.042 4.772 1.471 1.123 1.589 7.087 4.668 94.633 8.0 3.7 4.3 8.8 7.5 1.3 61.3 46.3 6.4 3.2 2.3 3.2 17.0 5.0 1.6 1.2 1.7 7.5 4.9 100.0 Individually, the most important product in terms of revenue generation in fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016 was iron ore. Ferrous minerals Iron ore Pellets Manganese and ferroalloy s O thers Coal Base metals Nick el and others C opper Others Net Revenue 102.842 75.056 24.389 1.660 1.737 6.025 24.527 16.855 7.672 1.089 134.483 76.5 55.8 18.1 1.2 1.3 4.5 18.2 12.5 5.7 0.8 100.0 80.291 59.206 18.043 1.501 1.541 5.003 21.966 14.914 7.052 1.272 108.532 74.0 54.6 16.6 1.4 1.4 4.6 20.2 13.7 6.5 1.2 100.0 69.929 54.187 13.198 1.031 1.513 2.882 21.274 15.504 5.770 548 94.633 73.9 57.3 13.9 1.1 1.6 3.0 22.5 16.4 6.1 0.6 100.0 Demand and prices The following table summarizes the average sale price of the main products for the periods indicated. In billions of reais Fiscal year ending on December 31 2018 % 2017 %2016% In billions of reais Fiscal year ending on December 31 2018 % 2017 %2016%

Iron ore Pellets Manganese Ferroalloy s C oal Thermal coal Metallurgical C oal Nick el C opper 244.14 430.96 669.75 4,301.94 205.08 348.5 508.42 4,322.96 186.89 276.63 378.56 2,579.57 311.79 696.04 49,943.70 20,464.86 227.88 550.95 34,010.17 19,094.34 158.86 408.18 33,832.35 15,454.23 The following table summarizes the indicated. average volume sold of main products for the periods Iron ore Pellets Manganese Ferroalloy s C oal Thermal coal Metallurgical C oal Nick el C opper 307.433 56.592 1.572 141 288.692 51.775 1.826 132 289.94 47.709 1.851 127 5.393 6.240 236 379 4.602 7.178 295 424 5.457 4.907 311 430 Iron ore and pellets Iron ore and iron ore pellets are priced based on a wide range of quality levels and physical characteristics. Price differences arise from a number of factors, such as the iron content of specific ore deposits, the beneficiation processes required to produce the desired end product, the particle size, the moisture content and the type and concentration of contaminants (such as phosphorus, alumina, silica and manganese ore) present in the ore. In addition, fines, granular ore and pellets usually command different prices. Demand for iron ore and iron ore pellets is driven by global demand for carbon steel. Demand for carbon steel, in turn, is strongly influenced by real estate and infrastructure construction and global industrial production. Demand from China has been the principal driver of world demand and prices. In 2018, the Platts IODEX iron ore 62% price benchmark average was US$ 69.5/t, in line with 2017. 2018 was a strong year for the steel market, as steel mills around the world benefited from sustainable demand for steel and high prices. Steel production in China reached a record high of 928 Mt in 2018, representing a 6.6% increase on a yearly basis, after a strong growth of more than 15% in the fourth quarter of the year. Steel output (excluding China) also recorded strong growth in 2018, reaching 880.3 Mt, which represented a 2.5% increase on a yearly basis, due to the annual growth in steel production in the United States (+6.1%), India (+4.9%), Iran (+15.5%) and Southeast Asia (+14.1%). In 2018, as well as in 2017, price differences were observed between high and low-grade iron ore. The increase in steel mills margins, high prices of metallurgical coal and the continuity of Fiscal year ending on December 31 201820172016 (in thousand metric tons) Fiscal year ending on December 31 201820172016 $/metric ton, unless otherwise indicated

environmental restrictions imposed during 2017 led steelmakers to seek high quality iron ore, such as Vale’s iron ore from Carajás operations, with a content of around 65% of contained iron, which allows high productivity and lower emission levels. While the US$ 40.5/t average of the Metal Bulletin 58% iron ore price benchmark in 2018 represented a 13% decline 2017 average, the Metal Bulletin 65% average was US$ 90.4/t in 2018, representing a 3% increase over the average of the previous year. Vale’s iron ore prices are grounded in a variety of price options that are usually based on spot indices for the specification of prices charged to clients. Final prices may be based on current spot prices and average prices for specific periods. In cases where the products are priced before the final price is determinable at the time of delivery, we recognize the sale based on a provisional price with a subsequent adjustment to reflect the final price. The average realized price of iron ore 3in the fiscal year ended on December 31st, 2018 was 3.1% and 21.6% higher than the average prices practiced in 2017 and 2016, respectively. The average realized price of pellets¹ in the fiscal year ended on December 31st, 2018 was 7.6% and 46.4% higher than the average prices practiced in 2017 and 2016, respectively. Manganese and ferroalloys The prices of manganese ore and ferroalloys are mainly influenced by trends in the carbon steel market. The prices of ferroalloys are also influenced by the prices of its main inputs, such as manganese ore, energy and coke. Manganese ore sales are based on the spot market or calculated on a quarterly basis. Ferroalloys prices are determined on a quarterly basis. Coal The demand for metallurgical coal is driven by the demand for steel, especially in Asia. The demand for thermal coal is directly related to electricity consumption, which will continue to be driven by worldwide economic growth, especially in emerging economies. Currently, the metallurgic coal prices are established on a quarterly basis (benchmark price system) or following the spot reference indexes. The prices of thermal coal are set in spot negotiations and/or through annual contracts. In 2018 the average price of metallurgical coal was US$ 207.1/t, which represents an increase of 10.2% over the year 2017. The main factors driving the increase in prices were: increased demand from India and Southeast Asia, logistical difficulties faced in the main export terminals and by production losses in some mines. In thermal coal, the average Richard Bay index was US$ 97.8/t in 2018, an increase of 15.2% over the year 2017. The main factors driving the price increase were: Chinese supply restriction during the first half of 2018, transoceanic market constraints caused by the monsoon period in Colombia, high gas prices in Europe, increased demand from South Asian cement producers and low utilization of nuclear power in Japan. Nickel Nickel is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), and it is mainly used to produce stainless steel. Most nickel products are priced using a discount or a premium to the LME price, depending on the technical and physical characteristics of the product. Nickel demand is largely affected by 3 Excluding the effects of exchange v ariation.

the production of stainless steel, which accounted for 68% of consumption in the fiscal year ended on December 31st, 2018 (69% and 69% in the years ended on December 31st, 2017 and 2016, respectively). Vale maintains short-term fixed-volume contracts with customers for the majority of its expected annual nickel sales. These contracts, together with its sales for non-stainless-steel applications (alloy steels, high nickel alloys, plating and batteries), provide stable demand for a significant portion of its annual production. In 2018, 67% of refined nickel sales were directed to non-stainless-steel applications, compared to the average primary nickel producer industry of 30%, bringing further stability to the Company's sales volumes. As a result of its focus on such higher-value segments, the average realized nickel prices have typically exceeded LME prices. Copper Copper prices are determined on the basis of: (i) copper prices in final markets, such as the LME and the NYMEX; and (ii) for intermediate products, such as copper concentrate (which represents the majority of the company’s sales) and copper anode, treatment and refining charges are negotiated with each client. According to a pricing system known as MAMA (month after month of arrival), sale prices of copper concentrate and anode are provisionally set at the time of shipment, and the final prices are based on the LME at a future time, typically three months after shipment of product. Global demand for refined copper grew by an estimated 3% in 2018 compared to 2017. Global demand for copper grew by an estimated 3% in 2018 compared to 2017. Demand for copper in China increased approximately 5% in 2018 compared to 2017, mainly due to increased infrastructure investments.

ii. Factors that materially affected the operating results In 2018, operating income was R$ 43.869 billion, representing an increase of R$ 9.057 billion compared to operating income in 2017, mainly due to higher prices and volumes of sales of pellets and iron ore. In 2017, operating income was R$ 34.812 billion, representing an increase of R$ 10.850 billion compared to operating income in 2016, mainly due to the increase in the prices of sales of pellets and iron ore, coal and base metals and a reduction of R$ 3.143 billion in the line “impairment and other gains or losses on non-current assets." The Company had an operating margin of 35.0%, 33.0% and 29.7% in the fiscal years ended on December 31st, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. A djusted EBITDA Management uses adjusted EBITDA to evaluate each segment's contribution to performance and to support decisions on resource allocation. The Company's adjusted EBITDA is the operating income or loss, plus received dividends and interest on loans from affiliates and joint ventures, excluding (i) depreciation, depletion and amortization, and (ii) special events. Net sales rev enue EBIT A djusted EBITDA Shareholders’ compensation (controller) 134.483 48.825 61.065 7.694 108.532 37.150 48.992 4.721 94.633 28.799 40.906 5.524 The following table shows a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA with net income (loss) from continuing operations for the years ended on December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Net income (loss) from continuing operations Depreciation, amortization, and depletion Taxation on profit Net financial income EBIT DA 2 6 .084 2 0 .278 1 7 .455 12.240 (0.966) 18.058 11.842 4.607 12.107 9.567 9.650 (6.302) 55.416 46.377 32.827 Items for reconciliation of A djusted EBIT DA Results from inv estments and other results in affiliates and joint v entures, net of div idends Special ev ents A djusted EBIT DA from continuing operations 2.126 1.590 1.025 48.992 3.911 4.204 61.065 4.168 40.906 Special events are recognized gains or losses in the Company's operating results that are not related to the performance of the business segments. The Company excludes the special events of adjusted EBITDA for the purpose of comparability of segment performance analysis. The special events identified by the Company are as follows: Results on write down of assets Nacala Logistics C orridor Impairment of assets and onerous contracts (1.283) - (2.240) (1.580) 1.438 (0.883) (0.228) - (3.940) Fiscal year ending on December 31 In billions of reais 201820172016 EBIT DA Years ended December 31 st , (in billions of reais) 20182017 2016 Fiscal year ending on December 31 In billions of reais201820172016

T otal (3.523) (1.025) (4.168) b. Variations in revenues attributable to changes in prices, exchange rates, inflation, changes in volumes and the introduction of new products and services Exchange rate variations The results are affected in several ways by changes in the Real currency exchange rates. Changes in the closing exchange rate influence Vale’s financial results, while changes in the average exchange rate affect its operating performance. In 2018, on average, the real depreciated 14.5% against the US dollar, from an exchange rate of R$ 3.19/US$ 1.00 in 2017 to R$ 3.66/US$ 1.00 in 2018. Most of the Company's revenues are expressed in US dollars, whereas most costs of the goods sold are expressed in other currencies, mainly the Brazilian real (50.6% on December 31st, 2018), the US dollar (35.9% on December 31st, 2018), Canadian dollars (11.2% on December 31st, 2018), Indonesian rupees, Australian dollars, Euros and others. In 2018, the Brazilian real depreciated 17.1% against the US dollar, from a closing exchange rate of R$ 3.31/US$ 1.00 on December 31, 2017 to R$ 3.87/US$ 1.00 on December 31, 2018. The net monetary and exchange rate variation negatively impacted net income of R$ 10.207 billion as of December 31st, 2018, mainly due to the long-term dollar loan payable to Vale International S.A. The net result of the currency and interest rate swaps, structured mainly to convert the debt expressed in Brazilian Reais into US dollars to protect our cash flow from currency price volatility, produced a negative accounting effect of R$ 1.054 million in the fiscal year ending on December 31st, 2018. In January 2017, the Company implemented a hedge accounting strategy for foreign exchange risk related to its net investments in Vale International and Vale Austria. The objective of the program is to mitigate the impact of exchange rate variation on results, reducing volatility and allowing the financial result to better reflect the company's economic performance. In 2017, the Brazilian real depreciated 1.5% against the US dollar, from a closing exchange rate of R$ 3.26/US$ 1.00 on December 31st, 2016 to R$ 3.31/US$ 1.00 on December 31st, 2017. The net monetary and exchange rate variation negatively impacted net income of R$ 2.130 billion as of December 31st, 2018, mainly due to the long-term dollar loan payable to Vale International S.A. The net result of the currency and interest rate swaps, mainly to convert the debt in Brazilian reais into US dollars to protect the cash flow from currency price volatility, produced a positive accounting effect of R$ 997 million in the fiscal year ended on December 31st, 2017. Variations in Price and Volumes The Company's revenues are mainly affected by changes in prices as well as changes in the volumes of products commercialized. On December 31st, 2018, the net revenue from the sales of the Company's products was R$ 134.483 billion. As most of the revenue is linked to the marketing of ferrous minerals, including iron ore and pellets, the increase in price and better premiums for iron ore and pellets contributes significantly to the Company's revenue growth. On December 31st, 2017 and December 31st,

2016, the revenue coming from the marketing of the Company’s products was R$ 108.532 billion and R$ 94.633 billion, respectively.

The following table shows Vale’s net revenue from sales per segment for the periods indicated. Ferrous Minerals Base Metals C oal O ther 76.5% 18.2% 4.6% 0.8% 74.0% 20.2% 4.6% 1.2% 73.9% 22.5% 3.0% 0.6% T otal 1 0 0 .0 % 1 0 0 .0 % 1 0 0 .0 % Sales of ferrous minerals accounted for 76.5% of the Company's total net operating revenues from sales in 2018, slightly above the 74.0% in the same period of 2017 and 73.9% in 2016. Several factors influenced the prices and the demand for the different products of the Company, such as: (i) iron and impurities content and size of the particles (for iron ore and pellets); (ii) tendencies of the carbon steel market and price of the main inputs (for manganese and ferroalloys); (iii) demand for steel, especially in Asia, and for coal, especially in Chinese production; (iv) discount or premium in relation to the price negotiated on the London Metal Exchange (LME) (for nickel); (v) price of copper metal in final markets (for copper). For more information on changes to its product prices, as well as on changes to the volumes sold in the last three fiscal years, see item "10.2(a) (i)(ii)" of this Reference Form, in particular the comparative tables inserted in such items. Variations in the inflation rates The Company's revenues are not significantly affected by inflation rates, and the main variations in operational income are attributable to price changes and volumes changes. c. Impact of inflation, price variations of main inputs and products, exchange rate and interest rates on operating results and Vale's financial result, when relevant For comments on the inflationary impact, price variations in the main products and exchange rates, see item "10.2 (b)" of this Reference Form. Interest Rates Vale is exposed to the risk of interest rates for loans and financing. Debt tied to interest rates in US$ consists mainly of loans, including export prepayment operations, loans from commercial banks and multilateral organizations. In general, these debts are indexed to the LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate). The floating rate of its debt expressed in Brazilian reais includes debentures, loans obtained from the BNDES, fixed assets and financing for the purchase of services in the Brazilian market. The interest on these obligations is tied primarily to the CDI (Interbank Deposit Certificate), the reference interest rate on the Brazilian interbank market and the TJLP (long-term interest rate). The Company uses swap operations to convert the greater part of this debt into fixed rates in US dollars. On December 31st, 2018, before swap operations, 23% of the debt was in Reais and the remaining 77% was in other currencies. On December 31st, 2017, before swap operations, 18% of the debt was in Reais and the remaining 82% was in other currencies. On December 31st, 2016, before swap operations, 23% of the debt was in Brazilian reais and the remaining 77% in other currencies. On December 31st, 2018, approximately 35.7% of debt was tied to the floating interest rate, compared to around 35.6% on December 31st,2017 and 47.4% on December 31st, 2016. Fiscal Year Ended on December 31 st , Business segment201820172016

Price of main inputs Fuel and gas costs are an important components of Vale’s production cost and represented 7.0% of its total cost of products sold in the fiscal year ending on December 31st, 2018; it was 6.2% in 2017; and 7.0% in 2016. Expenses with electricity account for 4.1% of total cost of products sold in the fiscal year ended on December 31st, 2018; 4.6% in 2017, and 3.9% in 2016. The noncurrent assets impairment registered in 2018 resulted in a loss of about R$ 2.240 billion, when compared to the loss of R$ 883 million in 2017. This amount refers to the Company's impairment, based on premises that include the discounted cash flow and the commodities price. Vale seeks to disclose as much information as possible about its views on the various markets where it operates, its guidelines, strategies and their implementation, in order to provide capital market participants with a sound basis for their expectations regarding the Company’s performance in the medium and long term. 10.3 Events with relevant effects, occurred and expected, in the financial statements of the Company and its results a. Introduction or disposal of operating segment 2018 There were no introductions or disposals of operating segments in fiscal year 2018 that have caused or may cause relevant effects on the financial statements. 2017 Cubatão (part of the fertilizer business) In November 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Yara International ASA ("Yara") to sell assets located in Cubatão, Brazil. In May 2018, the transaction was concluded and the company received R$ 882 million (US $ 255 million) to be paid in cash and a loss of R$ 231 million was recognized in in the statement of income of discontinued operations for the year ended in December 31st, 2018. Net assets were adjusted to reflect fair value less costs to sell and a loss of R$ 508 million was recognized in the income statement of discontinued operations for the year ended in December 31st, 2017. 2016 Fertilizers (Discontinued operations) In December 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with The Mosaic Company ("Mosaic") to sell: (i) its phosphate assets located in Brazil, except those mainly related to assets located in Cubatão; (ii) control at Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C., in Peru; (iii) its potash assets located in Brazil; and (iv) its potash projects in Canada. Therefore, the fertilizer segment, including the assets of Cubatão, is presented as a discontinued operation and the related assets and liabilities were classified as held for sale, as established by IFRS 5. In January 2018 (subsequent event), the Company and Mosaic concluded the transaction, which was preceded by some final adjustments made by the parties under the original terms and conditions of the negotiation. As a result of these changes, the Company received R$ 3.495 billion (equivalent to US$ 1.080 billion) in cash and 34.2 million common shares, corresponding to 8.9% of Mosaic's common shares after the issuance of these shares - corresponding to R$ 2,907 billion

(equivalent to US$ 899 million), based on Mosaic's share quotation on the closing date of the transaction. Net fertilizer assets were adjusted to reflect fair value less costs of sale and a loss in 2017 in the amount of R$ 2.325 billion (R$ 5.899 billion in 2016) was recognized in the statement of income of discontinued operations for the year ended in December 31st, 2017. b. Incorporation, acquisition or divestiture of stakeholder positions Main acquisitions Subsequent event New Steel Global NV In January, 2019 (subsequent event), the company acquired the control of New Steel Global NV, a company that develops innovative technologies of iron ore beneficiation and possesses patents for dry processing processes in 56 countries, by the value of R$ 1.937 billion (R$ 500 million). 2018 Ferrous Resources Limited In December 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire Ferrous Resources Limited, a company that currently owns and operates iron ore mines, close to Vale's operations in Minas Gerais, for the amount of R$ 2.131 billion (US$ 550 million). The c ompletion of the transaction is forecast for 2019, subject to conditions precedent. 2017 There were no shareholding acquisitions in the fiscal year of 2017 that have caused or may cause relevant effects on the financial statements. 2016 Minas da Serra Geral S.A . ("MSG") In March of 2016, the Company performed the purchase option of an additional participation of 50% in MSG which was detained by the JFE Steel Corporation ("JFE") for the amount of R$ 65 million. Consequently, Vale holds, in the date of this Reference Form, 100% of the capital of MSG. Main investment disposals and asset sales In accordance with its strategy, Vale continues to reduce stakes in non-core assets. The following is a summary of the main disposals and sales of assets during the three -year period under discussion. 2018 Sale of part of the cobalt stream produced as byproduct In June 2018, the Company entered into separate transactions with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp. ("Wheaton") and with Cobalt 27 Capital Corp ("Cobalt 27") to sell the 75% stream of cobalt extracted as byproduct of the Voisey's Bay mine, in Canada, effective January 1, 2021. As a result, the Company resumed the project to expand Voisey's Bay underground mining operations, which will increase the mine's life from 2023 to 2034. The first full year of underground mining is expected by 2021, when the open pit mine begins to enter ramp-down.

Upon completion of the transaction, the Company received an advance payment of R$ 2.603 billion (US$ 690 million) in cash, being R$ 1.471 billion (US$ 390 million) of Wheaton and R$ 1.132 billion (US$ 300 million) from Cobalt 27, recorded as other noncurrent liabilities. Vale will receive additional payments of 20%, on average, of the market reference price of cobalt, for each pound of finished cobalt delivered. As of January 1, 2021, Wheaton and Cobalt 27 will be entitled to receive 42.4% and 32.6% of future cobalt output from the Voisey's Bay mine, respectively, while Va le remains exposed to approximately 40%, as it will hold the rights to 25% of future cobalt production and receive 20% of additional cobalt stream payments. The estimated result of the sale of the mining rights is not significant and will be accounted for when certain production limits have been reached at the Voisey's Bay mine. A sset write-offs In 2018, the Company recognized in the result a loss of R$ 3.523 billion as ”impairment and losses on noncurrent assets" related to write-off of non-feasible projects and operating assets written off through sale or obsolescence, the Company recognized R$ 1.283 billion and the losses (reversals) for impairment and onerous contracts recognized in the year were R$ 2.240 billion. 2017 Coal - Nacala logistics corridor (“Nacala”) In December 2014, and in accordance with the amendments of November 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with Mitsui & Co. Ltd. ("Mitsui") to transfer 50% of its 66.7% stake in the Nacala Logistics Corridor ("CLN"), formed by the companies that own the concessions of railroads and ports located in Mozambique and Malawi. In addition, Mitsui agreed to acquire a 15% stake in Vale Mozambique's holding company, which holds control of the Moatize Coal Project. In March 2017, the transaction was completed and the amount of R$ 2.186 billion (equivalent to US$ 690 million) was received by Vale. Upon completion of the transaction, the Company (i) held an 81% stake in Vale Mozambique, while maintaining control of the Moatize Coal Project and (ii) shared control of the Nacala Logistics Corridor (Nacala BV), with Mitsui. As a result of the shared control of Nacala BV, the Company: (i) recorded a write-off of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale in the total amount of R$ 13.130 billion (equivalent to US$ 4.144 billion), of which R$ 12.874 billion (equivalent to US$ 4.063 billion) refer to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets; recorded a write-off of R$ 44 million (equivalent to US$ 14 million) related to cash and cash equivalents; recognized a gain of R$ 1.403 billion (equivalent to US$ 447 million) in the r esult related to the sale and remeasurement at fair value of its remaining interest in Nacala BV based on the consideration received; reclassified the gain related to the cumulative translation adjustments to income in the amount of R$ 35 million (equivalent to US$ 11 million). (ii) (iii) (iv) The result of the transaction of the assets related to the Nacala logistics corridor was recognized in the result as “impairment and losses on noncurrent assets”. The results of the coal holding transaction were recognized in “non-controlling shareholders’ results" in the amount of R$ 329 million (equivalent to US$ 105 million), directly in Net Assets. The amount received was recognized in the cash flow as “proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment and investment" in the amount of R$ 1.387 billion (equivalent to US$ 435

million) and “transactions with non-controlling shareholders" in the amount of R$ 799 million (equivalent to US$ 255 million). Due to the deconsolidation of the Nacala Logistics Corridor, Vale now has, after the transaction, outstanding loan balances with Nacala BV and Pangea Emirates Ltd declared as related parties. On November 2017, Nacala BV entered into financial agreements in the form of a Project Finance, to receive US$ 2.7 billion (equivalent to R$ 8.9 billion) in contracted financing that will be used to partially amortize loans with the Company. Receipt of funds is still subject to prior project finance conditions of the Nacala Project Finance. Shipping assets During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company concluded the sale of four VLOC's and two Floating Transfer Stations for the amount of R$ 1.259 billion. The Company recognized a loss of R$ 436 million in the result as “impairment and other gains or losses on noncurrent assets". A sset write-offs In 2017, the Company recognized in the result a loss of R$ 1.144 billion as “impairment and losses on non-current assets" related to write-off of non-viable projects and operating assets written off through sale or obsolescence. 2016 Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do A tlântico Ltd (“CSA ”) In April 2016, the Company sold 100% of its stake in CSA (26.87%) for a non-significant amount. This transaction resulted in a loss of R$ 266 million referring to the recycling of “cumulative translation adjustments" recognized in the income statement as “impairment and other results from investment in affiliates and joint ventures”. Shipping assets In June 2016, Vale approved the plan to sell its fleet of eleven ships. As a result, the referred to assets were reclassified to “noncurrent assets held for sale” and the loss in the amount of R$ 228 million was recorded in the income statement as “result in the measurement or sale of noncurrent assets”. In the year ended December 31st, 2016, the Company concluded the sale of three Very Large Ore Carriers ("VLOC's") for R$ 863 million and four capesizes vessels for R$ 470 million. On December 31, 2016, four vessels were still recorded as “assets held for sale”. Sale of part of the gold stream produced as byproduct In 2013, the Company entered into a gold transaction with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp. ("WPM") with amendments in March 2015 and August 2016, to sell 75% of the gold mined as a byproduct of the Salobo copper mine and 70% of the gold mined as byproduct of the Sudbury nickel mines. The operations were bifurcated into two identifiable components of the transaction: (i) the sale of mining rights and (ii) services for the extraction of gold to the extent that Vale acts as a gold mining agent for WPM. The result of the sale of mining rights from the additional transactions of R$ 480 and R$ 722 million was recognized in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, in line item entry “other operating expenses, net”. c. Unusual events or operations

Subsequent Events Brumadinho dam failure On January 25, 2019 (subsequent event), a breach has been experienced in the Dam I of the Córrego do Feijão mine, which belongs to the Paraopebas Complex in the Southern System, located in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brasil (“Brumadinho dam”). This dam was i nactive since 2016 (without additional tailings disposal) and there was no other operational activity in this structure. Due to the dam failure, 306 people lost their lives or are missing and ecosystems were affected. Around 11.7 million metric tons of iron ore waste were contained in the Brumadinho dam. It is not yet known the exact volume of iron ore waste that was released due to the dam failure. The tailings contained in the Dam I have caused an impact of around 270 km in extension, destroying some of Vale’s facilities, affecting local communities and causing impacts to the environment environment. The Paraopeba river and its ecosystems have also been impacted by the event. The Company has not been sparing efforts to support the victims and to mitigate and recover the social and environmental damages resulting from the breach of the dam. Vale has provided support in multiple ways, aiming to ensure the humanitarian assistance to those affected by the dam breach. To determine the causes for the event, Vale has engaged a panel of independent experts. Furthermore, the Company established three Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committees to support the Board of Directors, which are composed by independent members that are unrelated to the management or to the Company’s operations to ensure that the initiatives by the committees be unbiased. Following are the committees: (i) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Investigation (“CIAEA”), dedicated to investigating the causes and responsibilities for the Brumadinho dam breach; (ii) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Support and Recovery (“CIAEAR”), dedicated to follow-up on the measures taken to support the victims and the recovery of the areas affected by the breach of the Brumadinho dam, assuring that all necess ary resources will be applied; and (iii) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Dam Safety (“CIAESB”), which will provide support to the Board of Directors in questions related to the diagnosis of safety conditions, management and risk mitigation related to Vale’s tailings dams, also providing recommendations of actions to strengthen safety conditions of those dams. In addition, Vale has determined the suspension (i) of the variable remuneration of its executives; (ii) the Shareholder’s Remuneration Policy and (iii) any other resolution related to shares buyback. The Company paid the shareholders in anticipation of the remuneration for the year, the amount of R$ 7.694 billion in September 2018, approved by the Board of Directors on July 25, 2018. This payment was higher than the minimum mandatory remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2018 and consequently no additional dividends to shareholders is required (note 30 of Vale’s Financial Statements). a) Financial impacts arising from the dam failure The Company concluded that the dam disruption and subsequent developments do not relate to a condition existing at the date of the financial statements and therefore, does not result in adjustments to the accounting amounts recognized at Dece mber 31, 2018. Therefore, all accounting impacts will be reflected in 2019. At the current stage of the investigations, assessments of the causes and possible third parties lawsuits, it is not possible to have a reliable measure of all cost that the Compa ny may incur for the purpose of disclosure in the financial statements. The amounts related to this event that are being disclosed took into consideration the best estimates by the Company´s management.

i) Operation stoppages and de-characterization of the upstream dams On January 29, 2019 the Company has informed the market and Brazilian authorities its decision to speed up the plan to “de-characterize” all of its tailings dams built by the upstream method (same method as the Brumadinho dam), located in Brazil. The “de-characterizing” means that the structure will be dismantled and will no longer have its original operational characteristics. The Company is working on the elaboration of the respective projects for the de -characterization of upstream dams which, once completed, will be submitted for approval by the competent authorities, in accordance with regulations and legal requirements. The initial estimate, based on preliminary studies carried out on January 29th, 2019, indicated expenditures of R $ 5 billion for the withdrawal and reprocessing of all material in the dams, followed by the total recovery of the areas in the process of decharacterization. Before the event, the decommissioning plans of these dams were based on a method which aimed to ensure the physical and chemical stability of the structures, not necessarily, in all cases, removing and reprocessing the tailings contained in the dams. Since the event, the Company has been working on an individual detailed engineering plan to each of these dams to allow the total de-characterization of the structures. . Up to the present time it is not possible to define the costs to be incurred in these de-characterizations and as soon as a new concrete estimate is defined, the Company will disclose and recognize the obligation in 2019. In order to carry out safely the de-characterization of the dams, the Company has temporarily stopped the production of the units where the upstream dams are located, as already disclosed to the market. The stoppage results in a reduction in production of approximate ly 40 million tons of iron ore on annual basis. In addition, the Company has other operations that are temporarily suspended due to judicial decisions or technical analysis performed by the Company on the dams, which represents a potential reduction in sales of 52.8 million tons of iron ore. The Company is working on legal and technical measures to resume these operations. For reference, the Company sold 365 million tons of iron ore and pellets in 2018. Due to the failure of the Brumadinho dam and review undertaken on the safety requirements for other dams in the Minas Gerais region, when necessary people were placed in temporary accommodation. ii) A ssets write-offs Following the event and the decision to speed up the de-characterization of the upstream dams, the Company will write-off assets of the Córrego do Feijão mine and those related to the upstream dams in Brazil, resulting in a loss of US$124 million (R$480 million) in 2019, which will impact the Company's balance sheet and income statement. iii) Framework A greements The Company has been working together with the authorities and society to remediate the environmental and social impacts of the event. As a result, the Company has started negotiations and entered into agreements with the authorities as well as people affected by the event. Public Ministry of Labor On February 15, 2019, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the Public Ministry of La bor to indemnify the direct and third-party employees of the Córrego do Feijão mine who were affected by the termination of this operation. Under the terms of the agreement, Vale will maintain the jobs of its direct employees until December 31, 2019. Regarding third party employees, who

have been exempted, Vale will assist in its re-marketing or keep the payment of its salary until December 31, 2019. The Company will also keep paying wages regularly to the missing people until the authorities have considered them as fatal victims of the event and will pay to the families of the fatal victims an amount equivalent to two thirds of their wages until December 31, 2019 or until Vale reaches the final agreement with the Public Ministry of Labor. Under the terms proposed by Vale and considering the uncertainties related to the necessary procedures to estimate the amount to be spent, including the number of individuals entitled to indemnification, the Company has estimated that this agreement will result in a provision of approximately US$220 (R$850 million) in 2019. Moreover, the Company will provide a lifelong medical insurance benefit to the widows and widowers and a similar benefit to the dependents of the victims until they are 22 years old. Due to the preliminary stage of this agreement and considering the complexity of an actuarial estimate, it is not possible yet to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates and, therefore, the amount of the provision related to this obligation could not be estimated. The Company expects to have this information during the course of 2019. Brazilian Federal Government, State of Minas Gerais, Public Prosecutors and Public Defendants On a judicial hearing that took place on February 20, 2019, in the scope of the public civil action n° 5010709-36.2019.8.13.0024, in process of the 6th Public Treasury Lower Court of Belo Horizonte, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the State of Minas Gerais, Federal Government and representatives of Public Authorities in which the Company commits to make emergency indemnification payments to the residents of Brumadinho and the communities that are located up to one kilometer from the Paraopeba river bed, from Brumadinho to the city of Pompéu, subject to registration. Due to this agreement, the Company will anticipate indemnification to each family member through monthly payments during a 12-month period, which changes based, amongother factors, on the age of the beneficiary. The Company has initially estimated a provision ranging from R$1 billion to R$2 billion related to these payments, depending on the number of beneficiaries that will be registered. The agreement also includes the following measures: (i) independent technical assistance to support on the individual indemnities of those affected, if requested; and (ii) reimbursement or direct funding of the extraordinary expenses of the State of Minas Gerais and its governmental bodies due to the dam failure, including transportation, accommodation and food expenses of the employees involved in the rescue and other emergency actions. The respective amounts are still being estimated by the State of Minas Gerais and will be presented in Court. iv) Donations and other incurred expenses Donations Vale has offered donations of R$100 thousand to each of the families with missing members or affected by fatalities, R$50 thousand to families that resided in the Self-Saving Zone (“ZAS”) near to Brumadinho dam, R$15 thousand to business owners of the region and R$5 thousand for each family that resided in the ZAS of Sul Superior dam of the Gongo Soco mine, in Barão de Cocais. The estimated amount spent to date is around R$62 million. These humanitarian donations will not be subject to any compensation with eventual indemnification obligations that the Company may have with its beneficiaries. Vale also entered into an agreement with the Brumadinho city, in which the Company will donate to the city an amount of approximately R$80 million over the next 2 year s.

Environment and fauna The Company is building a retention dike for the tailings on the affected areas. The Company has also installed anti-turbidity barriers for sediment retention alongside the Paraopeba River. In addition, Vale has mobilized cleaning, de-sanding and dredging the Paraopeba river channel. Daily collection points of water and barriers for sediment retention were installed alongside the Paraopeba River, Três Maias reservoir and São Francisco river. Vale also has dedicated structures and specialized teams for the rescue, reception and exclusive treatment of animals rescued from impacted areas, enabling emergency care and recovery so that, after veterinary authorization, they are returned to their homes and their tutors. Furthermore, the Company has agreed to pay the administrative fines imposed by the State Secretary for Environment and Sustainable Development – SEMAD MG, in the total approximated amount of R$99 million. The Company has incurred the following expenses up to the present moment: Incurred expenses A dministrativ e sanctions Donations to the affected people and to the city Drilling and infrastructure Env ironmental recov ery Medical aid and other materials Fuel and transportation O thers (*) 99 62 20 17 9 8 85 300 (*) Includes expenses with communication, accommodation, humanitarian assistance, equipment, legal serv ices, water, food aid, taxes, among others. Off the events identified at this stage, a significant portion has not been disbursed or measured. The total costs incurred with Vale's employees dedicated to providing support with matters related to the event (including wages), equipment and materials were not measured ye t. b) Contingencies and other legal matters Vale is subject to significant contingencies due to the Brumadinho dam failure. Vale has already been named on several judicial and administrative proceedings brought by authorities and affected people and is currently under investigations. New contingencies are expected to come in the future. Vale is still evaluating these contingencies and will recognize a provision based on the stage of these claims. Due to the preliminary stage of the investigations and claims, it is not possible to determine a range of reliable results or estimates of potential exposure related to dam breach at this point in time. Lawsuits On January 27, 2019, following the injunctions granted upon the requests of the Public Prosecutors of the State of Minas Gerais and the State of Minas Gerais, the Company had restricted US$2.8 billion (R$11 billion) on its bank accounts to take the necessary measures to reassure the stability of the other dams of the Córrego do Feijão Mine Complex, provide accommodation and assistance to the affected people, remediate environmental impacts, among other obligations. On January 31, 2019, the Public Ministry of Labor filed a Public Civil Action and a couple of preliminary injunctions were granted determining the freezing of US$400 (R$1.6 billion) on the (in million reais reais)2019

Company’s bank accounts to secure the indemnification of direct and third-party employees that worked in the Córrego de Feijão mine at the time of the Brumadinho dam breach. On March 18, 2019 the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Publ ic Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze US$ 258 million (R$1 billion) of the Company’s assets, aiming to grant funds that could be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from the evacuation of the community of Sebastião de Águas Claras – Macacos community. On March 25, 2019, the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Public Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze US$ 761 million (R$2.95 billion) of the Company’s assets, to grant funds that might be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from evacuation of the communities in Gongo Soco, Barão de Cocais. In total, approximately US$4.4 billion (R$16.9 billion) of the Company's assets were blocked, of which approximately US$121 (R$468 million) were freeze on the Company’s bank accounts, US$3.3 billion (R$12.6 billion) were converted into judicial deposits and US$1 billion (R$3.75 billion) was guaranteed using 75,312,728 treasury shares out of the 158,216,372 treasury shares held by Vale as at December 31,2018. Other collective and individual claims related to the Brumadinho dam breach were filed. Some collective claims were extinguished by the applicable court. Administrative sanctions In addition, the Company was notified of the imposition of administrative fines by Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (“IBAMA”), in the amount of US$65 (R$250 million) and a daily fine of US$26 thousand (R$100 thousand), drawn up on February 7, 2019, which Vale has presented defenses against all of them. In addition, the Brumadinho Municipal Department of the Environment has also imposed fines totaling approximately US$28 (R$108 million), which the Company has also presented a defense. U.S. Securities class action suits Vale and certain of its current officers have been named as defendants in securities class action complaints in Federal Courts in New York brought by holders of Vale’s securities under U.S. federal securities laws. The complaints allege that Vale made false and misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and potential damage of a breach of the dam in the Córrego de Feijão mine. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these complaints. Vale intends to defend these actions and mount a full defense against these claims. As a consequence of the preliminary nature of these proceedings, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time, and the amount of provision that will be recognized in 2019 could not be estimated. The Company is negotiating with insurers under its operational risk, general liability and engineering risk policies, but these negotiations are still at a preliminary stage. Any payment of insurance proceeds will depend on the coverage definitions under these policies and assessment of the amount of loss. In light of the uncertainties, no indemnification to the Company was recognized in Vale’s financial statements. 2018 Contingencies related to the Samarco accident Due to the stage of the contingencies related to the Samarco's accident, in the date of this Reference Form, it is not possible to determine a range of possible outcomes or a reliable estimate of potential losses to Vale S.A. Consequently, no contingent liability has been quantified and no provision was recognized for the year ended in December 31st, 2018.

In June 2018, a Preliminary Agreement was signed between the parties, which extinguished (i) the public civil action of R$ 20.2 billion filed by the Federal Government and others; and (ii) part of the public civil action of R$ 155 billion filed by the MPF. In relation to the public civil action of R$ 155 billion, the parties continue to dialogue for the extinction of some of its requests, as well as other lawsuits whose claims are already contemplated on the signed agreement. Criminal charges In 2016, criminal charges were filed by the MPF against Samarco and its shareholders, VogBr Recursos Hídricos e Geotecnia Ltda. and 22 individuals due to the consequences related to the collapse of the Fundão dam. All witnesses that are residents in Brazil were heard. Currently, the lawsuit is pending a position by the Courts and all the hearings related to this lawsuit are suspended. 2017 Contingencies related to the Samarco accident are presented above. 2016 Contingencies related to the Samarco accident Contingencies related to the Samarco accident are presented above. 10.4 - Significant changes in accounting practices - Corrections and remarks in the auditor’s opinion a. Significant changes in accounting practices 2018 The Company adopted as of January 1st, 2018, the new IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments and IFRS 15 - Revenues from Contracts with Customers statements. IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments - This statement introduces new approaches to the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities, a new impairment model and new rules for hedge accounting. The Company applied IFRS 9 prospectively, with initial adoption on January 1st, 2018. The Company did not resubmit comparative information, which continues to be disclosed in accordance with the previous standard, IAS 39 - Financial Instruments. The main changes are described below: Classification and measurement - In accordance with IFRS 9, debt instruments are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), at amortized cost, or at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). The classification is based on the Company's business model for asset management, and if the contractual cash flows of the instrument represent solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the value of the outstanding principal. On the date of the initial application of IFRS 9, the Company evaluated which business models apply to its financial assets and classified them according to the categories of IFRS 9. Financial instruments classified as "Loans and receivables" by IAS 39 have met IFRS 9 criteria for classification at amortized cost, as these financial instruments are maintained to collect their cash flows and represent only payments of principal and interest. Derivatives held for trading should be maintained as FVTPL, according to the requirements of IFRS 9, therefore, there were also no changes in relation to these instruments as of the adoption of IFRS 9. Impairment – IFRS 9 substituted the IAS 39 incurred loss approach with an Expected Credit Loss (ECL) approach.

For accounts receivable, the Company adopted a simplified approach and calculated the expected credit loss, based on the expectation of default risk, which occurs throughout the life of the financial instrument and the identified loss was immaterial. The Company has established a matrix of provisions that is based on its history of credit losses, adjusted to prospective factors specific to the economic environment in which it operates and for any financial guarantee related to the receivable. The Company assesses on each date of submittal of its financial statements whether the financial assets classified at amortized cost must be subject to an impairment test. The new impairment approach of IFRS 9 did not have a material impact on the Company in the year ended December 31, 2018. Hedge accounting - The Company adopted the new general hedge accounting model set forth in IFRS 9. Currently, the changes introduced by IFRS 9 related to hedge accounting have not impacted the Company, as the Company currently does not have, on the date of this Reference Form, fair value or cash flow hedge accounting. The Company has only net investment hedge accounting, which has not had any changes introduced by this new statement. IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers - This statement sets a comprehensive framework to determine the conditions for revenue recognition, replacing the IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts Statements and related interpretations. The Company adopted the new statements using the modified retrospective method, which does not require the resubmittal of comparative information. The Company has assessed its revenues and the nature and effect of the changes resulting from the adoption of IFRS 15 are described below: Sale of products - There was no significant impact on the stage of recognition of product revenue, as the transfer of risks and benefits as well as the control usually occur at a specific moment in time. Freight service - Part of Vale's sales are made under Incoterms modalities known as CFR (Cost and Freight) or CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight), under which the Company is responsible for providing freight services after the date that Vale transfers control of the goods to the customers. According to the previous Statement (IAS 18), revenues from freight services were recognized at the time of shipment, as well as related costs, and were not considered as a separate service. According to IFRS 15, the provision of freight services for CFR and CIF contracts should be considered as a distinct performance obligation in which a proportion of the transaction price would be allocated and recognized according to the actual provision of service over time. The impact of changing the timing of recognition of portion of the revenue allocated to freight has not impacted in a significant manner the Company's profit or loss on December 31, 2018. Therefore, such revenue is not being presented separately in these financial statements. Sales contracts at interim prices - Under IFRS 9 and 15, the treatment of the interim pricing mechanism embedded in commodity sales at interim prices remains unchanged. Therefore, these revenues are recognized based on the estimated fair value of the total consideration receivable, and the interim pricing mechanism embedded in these contracts is characterized as a derivative. The fair value of the sale price adjustment is recognized as an operating income in the statement of income. The changes introduced by IFRS 15 did not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018. (I) Statements, interpretations, or updates issued by the IA SB to be adopted after December 31st, 2018 • Amendment to IFRS 3 Business Combinations, issued in October 2018, which addresses the update of business definition. (II) Statements, interpretation, guidelines and revision approved by CVM to be adopted after December 31st, 2018

• CVM Resolution No. 804, of December 27th, 2018 - Approved Technical Interpretation ICPC 22 of the Accounting Statements Committee, which addresses uncertainty regarding the treatment of taxation on profit (corresponding to IFRIC 23). • CVM Resolution No. 802, of November 1st, 2018 – Approved the Technical Statements Revision Document No. 13 regarding Technical Statements and Technical Interpretations issued by the Accounting Statements Committee (CPC). (III) Statements, interpretation, guidelines or revision approved by CPC to be adopted after December 31st, 2018 • ICPC 22 - Uncertainty on the Treatment of Taxation on Profit. • Revision 13 - Review of Technical Statements. 2017 There was no significant change in 2017. Normative documents issued in 2017 are related to the adoption of new accounting Statements or interpretations issued by the IASB, but not yet in force in 2017. (I) Statements, interpretations, or updates issued by the IA SB to be adopted after December 31, 2017 • IFRIC 23 - Uncertainty about Income Tax Treatments. (II) Statements, interpretation, guidelines and revision approved by CVM to be adopted after December 31st, 2017 • CVM Resolution No. 787, dated December 21st, 2017 – Approved Technical Statement CPC 06 (R2), issued by the Accounting Statements Committee, which deals with leasing (corresponding to IFRS 16). • CVM Resolution No. 786, dated December 21st, 2017 – Approved the Technical Interpretation ICPC 21, issued by the Accounting Statements Committee, which deals with foreign currency transactions and advance (corresponding to IFRIC 22). • CVM Resolution No. 788, dated December 21st, 2017 – Approved the Technical Pronouncements Revision Document No. 12 regarding Technical Statements and Technical Interpretations issued by the Accounting Statements Committee (CPC). (III) Statements, interpretation, guidelines or revision approved by CPC to be adopted after December 31st, 2017 • ICPC 21 – Foreign Currency Transaction and Advance • CPC 06 (R2) – Lease operations • Revision 12 - Review of Technical Statements. 2016 In 2016, there was no significant change in any statement. All statements issued in 2016 aim at the adoption of new accounting guidelines in subsequent periods, with IFRS 16 – Leases being the most significant. IFRS 16 has replaced IAS 17 Leasing operations and related interpretations and shall come into force for annual periods starting on or after January 1st, 2019, and therefore shall be adopted by the Company when it comes into force, provided it is implemented in Brazil by CPC and approved by the CVM and CFC. b. Significant effects of changes in accounting practices

The accounting policies applied in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the financial statements of prior years, except for the new accounting policies related to the application of IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments and IFRS 15 - Revenues from Contracts with Customers, which were adopted by the Company as of January 1st, 2018. The Company has not been an early adopter any standards and interpretations that have been issued or amended, but which are not yet effective for the year ended December 31st, 2018. The following new accounting statements were issued by IASB, but were not yet effective for 2018. The Company has also assessed the expected impacts on its financial statements, as detailed below: IFRS 16 Leases The IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016, and as its main change, the majority of leasings are to be recognized in the balance sheet of lessees, given that the distinction of operating and financial leasing was eliminated. According to the new definition, an asset (the right to use a leased asset) and a financial leasing liability should be recognized in the balance sheet, except for short term leases and items with low value. The Company will apply the statement as of the required date of adoption, January 1st, 2019. Vale will apply the new statement using the simplified approach, and will not resubmit comparative information for the first year of adoption. The right to use assets will be measured by the amount of the lease liability on the date of adoption. On December 31st, 2018, the Company has non-cancelable operating lease commitments in the nominal amount of R$ 9.676 billion. The Company gathered a team that reviewed these lease commitments during the year 2018, in light of the new lease accounting rules introduced by IFRS 16. Of these commitments, the Company expects to recognize a right to use asset and a lease liability of between R$ 6.8 billion and R$ 7.9 billion on January 1st, 2019, of which between R$ 900 million and R$ 1 billion is in current liabilities and between R$ 5.9 billion and R$ 6.9 billion in non-current liabilities. The impacts of adopting this statement may change, taking into account that the Company has not completed the tests and evaluations of controls of the information technology systems ("IT”), and the new accounting policies are subject to change until the Company submits its first financial statements as of the adoption of this accounting statement. c. Reservations and emphasis in the auditor's opinion There are no reservation paragraphs in Vale’s independent auditors reports for fiscal years of 2016, 2017 and 2018. However, the independent auditors' report on the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31st, 2018 included an emphasis paragraph regarding the Brumadinho Dam failure, without changing the opinion on these financial statements. The emphasis paragraph was reproduced below: “Emphasis – Subsequent event We call attention to Note 3 to the individual and consolidated financial statements, which describes the event of the Brumadinho dam failure occurred at the Company's operating facilities, on January 25th, 2019. Based on the Company's management's assessment, the event does not refer to a condition existing at the date of the financial statements and therefore does not result in adjustments to the book values recognized as of December 31st, 2018. The amounts disclosed in the explanatory note related to this event were based on Management's best

estimates, but at the current stage of investigations, ascertainment of the causes and possible actions of third parties, it is not possible to reliably measure all potential costs that the Company may incur for disclosure purposes in the financial statements. Our opinion is not qualified in relation to this matter. " Regarding the event of the Brumadinho dam failure occurred on January 25th, 2019, located at the Córrego do Feijão mine in Minas Gerais and subsequent developments, the Company concluded, based on the accounting practices adopted in Brazil and the IFRS, that this event did not refer to a condition existing at the date of the financial statements and therefore does not result in adjustments to the accounting balances recognized as of December 31st, 2018, as disclosed in the Company's financial statements. Still in relation to the event, the Company agrees that in the current stage of the investigations, ascertainment of the causes and possible actions of third parties, it is not possible to reliably measure all potential costs that the Company may incur for purposes of disclosure of the financial statements. The figures disclosed in the financial statements refer only to the best estimates that have been possible to estimate so far. There are no paragraphs of emphasis in the financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31st, 2016 and 2017. 10.5 – Critical accounting policies The preparation of financial statements requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates and the exercise of judgment by the Company's Management in the process of applying the accounting policies. These estimates are based on experience, best knowledge, information available at the balance sheet date and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in facts and circumstances may lead to revision of estimates. Actual future results may differ from the estimates. Significant estimates and judgments applied by the Company in preparing these financial statements are thus presented: a) Deferred revenue Defining the gain on sale of mining rights and the deferred revenue portion of the transaction required the use of critical accounting estimates, as follows: – Discount rates used to measure the present value of future inflows and outflows; – Allocation of costs between nickel or copper and gold based on relative prices; – Expected margin for the independent elements (sale of mining rights and services for gold extraction) based on Company's best estimate. b) Deferred income taxes Deferred tax assets arising from tax losses, negative social contribution basis and temporary differences are registered taking into account the analysis of future results, supported by economic and financial projections, prepared based on internal assumptions and macroeconomic environment and business and tax scenarios that may be subject to changes in the future. The assumption of future profits is based on the production, planning of sales, prices of commodities, operational costs, and planning of capital costs. c) Consolidation

In some circumstances, judgment is required to determine whether, after considering all relevant factors, the Company has control, joint control or significant influence over an entity. Significant influence includes situations of collective control. The Company holds a majority of the voting capital in five jointly controlled operations (Aliança Geração de Energia SA, Aliança Norte Energia Participações SA, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização ), but management has concluded that the Company does not have sufficient voting rights to have the power to direct the entity's activities. As a result, these entities are accounted for under the equity method due to shareholders' agreements, where relevant decisions are shared with other parties. d) Mineral reserves and useful life of the mines The estimates of proven and probable reserves are regularly evaluated and updated. These reserves are determined using generally accepted geological estimates. The calculation of reserves requires the Company to make assumptions about future conditions that are uncertain, including future ore prices, exchange and inflation rates, mining technology, availability of permits and production costs. Changes in some of these assumptions could have a significant impact on proven reserves and probable reserves of the Company. The estimated volume of mineral reserves is used as a basis for calculating the portion of the mining assets that is depleted, and their estimated useful life is a major factor in quantifying the provision of environmental recovery of the mines and the impairment of long-term assets. Any change to the estimate of the volume of reserves of the mines and the useful lives of the related assets may have a significant impact on the depreciation, depletion and amortization charges and the impairment assessment. e) Impairment The Company determines its cash flows based on budgets approved by management, which use the following assumptions: (i) mineral reserves and mineral resources measured by internal experts; (ii) costs and investments based on the best estimate of projects as supported by past performance; (iii) sales prices consistent with projections available in the reports published by the industry, considering the market quotation, when appropriate; (iv) useful life of each cash-generating unit (ratio between production and mineral reserves); and, (v) discount rates that reflect the specific risks of each cash-generating unit. These assumptions are subject to risks and uncertainties. Hence, there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will change these projections, which may affect the impairment of the assets. f) Liabilities related to interests in affiliates and joint ventures The provision requires the use of assumptions that may be affected primarily by: (i) changes in the scope of work included in the Agreement as a result of further technical analysis and ongoing negotiations with the Federal Prosecution Office; (ii) resolution of the uncertainty regarding the resumption of Samarco's operations; (iii) discount rate updates; and (iv) resolution of existing legal claims. As a result, the expenses to be incurred in the future may differ from the amounts provisioned and changes in these estimates may result in a material impact on the amount of the provision in the future. At each reporting period, the Company will reassess the main assumptions used by Samarco in the preparation of the projected cash flow, and any changes will be reflected in the respective provision, when applicable. g) Fair value estimate The fair value of financial instruments not traded in an active market is determined by using valuation techniques. The Company uses its judgment to choose the various methods. Assumptions are based on market conditions existing at the balance sheet date.

h) A sset retirement obligations Judgment is required to determine the main assumptions used in the measurement of the asset retirement obligations, such as interest rate, cost of closure, useful life of the asset, considering the current stage of depletion, and the projected dates of depletion of each mine. Any change in these assumptions may significantly affect the provisioned amount. Therefore, the Company considers the accounting estimates related to the costs for the closure of the mine as a critical accounting estimate. These estimates are reviewed each year. i) Litigation By their nature, legal suits will be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. Typically, the occurrence or not of such events does not depend on the Company, and the uncertainties in the legal environment involve exercising significant estimates and judgments on the part of the Management regarding the potential outcomes of future events. j) Retirement benefit obligations The amounts reported in this account depend on a number of factors that are determined based on actuarial calculations using several assumptions to determine the costs and liabilities. One of the assumptions used is the determination and use of the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will affect the accounting records. At the end of each year, the Company, together with external actuaries, reviews which assumptions should be used for the following year. These assumptions are used to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and future values of estimated cash outflows, which are recorded in the pension plan obligations. 10.6 – Significant items Not Included in the Financial Statements a.A ssets and liabilities held by the Company, directly or indirectly, that do not appear on its balance sheet (off-balance sheet items) i. Operational leases, assets and liabilities Vale has operating lease agreements with third parties for port operations and structures, ore transportation, power plants, property and building leases for its operating facilities. The Company also has long-term contracts for the exploration and processing of iron ore with joint ventures, such as leasing contracts for pelletizing plants in Brazil. The leases have different

terms and, upon renewal, the terms of the leases are renegotiated. The minimum future payments were calculated considering the non-cancelable period of the lease agreements. Future minimum payment obligations for operational leases are as follows, on December 31, 2018: 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 and subsequent periods 0.969 0.779 0.731 0.641 6.556 i. Portfolios of written-off receivables where the entity maintains risks and responsibilities, including respective liabilities There is no offset portfolio of receivables where Vale maintains risks and responsibilities that are not included in the Company balance sheet. ii. A greement for future sale and purchase of products or services The commitments with purchase obligations derive mainly from contracts for the acquisition of fuel and energy, as well as the acquisition of raw materials and services. The future minimum payment commitments referring to the future obligation of purchases are the following, as of December 31, 2018: 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 and subsequent periods 10.373 5.597 2.125 1.796 8.502 i. Unfinished construction agreements There are no unfinished construction agreements that are not included in the Company balance sheet. ii. A greements for futures from financing (I) Base Metal Nickel operations – Indonesia PT Vale Indonesia Tbk ("PTVI"), which is a subsidiary of the Company and a public company in Indonesia, has an agreement in force with the Indonesian Government to operate its mining licenses, which includes a commitment to divest 20% of PTVI's shares to the Indonesian market by October 2019 (approximately 20% of PTVI's shares are already listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange). The existing major shareholders, Vale Canada and Sumitomo Metal Mining, Co., Ltd., will comply with the divestment obligation on a pro rata basis. (II) Guarantees granted On December 31, 2017, the total of guarantees granted by Vale (within the limit of its indirect or direct interest) for the companies Norte Energia S.A. and Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém S.A. totaled R$ 1.250 billion and R$ 4.952 billion, respectively. T otal minimum payments required28.393 (in billions of reais) A ll minimum payments required9.676 (in billions of reais)

The net values of property, plant and equipment pledged to secure judicial claims correspond, on December 31, 2017 and 2016, to R$ 50 million and R$ 113 million, respectively. b. Other items not evident in the financial statements Railway transportation companies The Company entered into concession contracts with the Federal Government, through the Ministry of Transport, for exploration and development of public railway transport of cargo and passengers, under supervision of the National Agency of Ground Transportation (ANTT). The accounting records of concessions are classified as intangible assets. Termination of the concession for the Vitória-Minas and Carajás railways are June 2027. The contractual bases and expiration dates of the railway transport did not change during the period. The concession will be terminated in case of end of the contractual period, expropriation, forfeiture, termination of period, cancellation, bankruptcy or closure of the Concessionary. Port Terminals Vale owns specialized port terminals, as follows: Vale S.A . Vitória/ES Terminal of Tubarão Maritime Terminal of Ponta da Madeira Vale S.A . São Luís/MA O re Export Terminal C PBS – C ompanhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba Itaguaí/RJ Except for Terminal de Exportação de Minério granted to CPBS – Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba, the Compliance Agreements applicable to other port terminals were adapted to the new port law, Law 12.815/2013, and new Agreements were executed in September 2014, for 25 years, renewable for equal periods. There are no other items not shown in Vale’s financial statements other than those previously reported. 10.7 – Comments on items not evidenced in the Financial Statements (a) How these items alter or may alter revenue, expenses, operating income, financial expenses or other items in the issuer’s financial statements Vale’s Directors do not expect relevant effects on the operations described in item "10.6" of this Reference Form and not recorded in the financial statements that would change the revenues, expenses, operating results, financial expenses or other items in Vale’s financial information. (b) Nature and purpose of the operation For a description of the nature and purpose of each operation, see item “10.6” in this Reference Form. (c) Nature and amount of obligations and rights in favor of the issuer arising out of the operation For a description of the amount of the obligations assumed and rights generated on behalf of Vale as a result of operations not shown in its financial statements, please refer to item "10.6" of this Reference Form. Terminal of Gregório C urvoMC R - Mineração C orumbaense Reunida S.A .C orumbá/MS Terminal of Ilha GuaíbaVale S.A .Mangaratiba – RJ Terminal of Praia MoleVale S.A .Vitória/ES T erminalCompanyLocation

10.8 - Company's business plan a. Investments, including: NOTE: To translate investment amounts made, the average exchange rate was used in the periods for translation. (i) quantitative and qualitative description of the ongoing investments and the planned investments;

In 2018, Vale's investments (project execution and maintenance of operations) amounted to R$ 13.812 billion. Out of which, R$ 3.241 billion was invested in project execution and R$ 10.570 billion to maintain existing operations. Investments in corporate social responsibility amounted to R$ 2.122 billion, composed of R$ 1.701 billion in environmental protection and conservation and R$ 421 million in social projects. In 2017, Vale's investments (project execution and maintenance of operations) amounted to R$ 12.275 billion. Out of which, R$ 5.158 billion was invested in project execution and R$ 7.117 billion to maintain existing operations. Investments in corporate social responsibility amounted to R$ 1,952 billion, composed of R$ 1,553 billion in environmental protection and conservation and R$ 399 million in social projects. In 2016, Vale's investments (project execution and maintenance of operations) amounted to R$ 18.062 billion. Out of which, R$ 10.796 billion was invested in project execution and R$ 7.266 billion to maintain existing operations. Investments in corporate social responsibility amounted to R$ 2.458 billion, of which R$ 1.962 billion was allocated to environmental protection and R$ 496 million to social projects. Since 2013, Research and Development (R&D) expenses have not been included in the value of investments, which, in turn, are composed of project execution and the maintenance of existing operations and is based on disbursements. The main acquisitions are mentioned in the item "10.3" of this Reference Form. In 2016, Vale started up three projects: the S11D, Moatize II and CSP mine and plant. (ii) sources of investment financing Capital Budget 2019 In November 2018, the Board of Directors approved the investment budget for 2019, of US$ 4.442 billion (equivalent to R$ 16.702 billion) including expenses of US$ 711 million (equivalent to R$ 2.673 billion) to execute the projects and US$ 3.731 billion (equivalent to R$ 14.092 billion) dedicated to maintaining the existing operations and awarded projects. Vale is developing an organic growth portfolio with fewer projects but focused on higher expected return rates. The main initiative, S11D, accounts for 44% of the $ 711 million budgeted for project execution in 2019. The table below shows the estimated allocation of investments to maintain existing operations INVEST MENT S T O MA INT A INEXIST ING OPERA T IONS – A LLOCA TION BY BUSINESS SEGMENT US$ million Ferrous Minerals Base Metals Coal T otal Operations 1,049 766 233 2,048 Dam management 66 47 - 113 New conv entional dams 59 157 8 224 Heightness 34 20 - 54 W aste Pile 26 - - 26 O thers 17 0 - 17 Health and Safety 215 66 11 292 C orporate social responsibility 77 17 19 113 A dministrativ e and O thers 265 109 18 392 T otal 1,808 1,182 289 3,279

The table below shows the main projects under development by Vale and / or its subsidiaries: investment (iii) relevant ongoing divestitures and planned divestitures. There is no relevant ongoing divestitures and planned divestitures. b. acquisition of plants, equipment, patents or other assets that are expected to materially influence Vale's production capacity There is no acquisition of plants, equipment, patents or other assets that are expected to materially influence Vale's production capacity. c. new products and services, including: (i) description of ongoing research already disclosed; (ii) total amounts spent by the issuer on research to develop new products or services; (iii) projects under development already disclosed; and (iv) total amounts spent by the issuer in the development of new products or services There are no new relevant products and services. 10.9 - Other factors with relevant influence on the operating performance that have not been identified or commented in other items in this section. There are no other facts which occurred in the last three fiscal years with relevant influence on the operational performance other than those identified and commented in other items in this section. Project Estimated Start-up Date Investiments Expected Status1 R$ million 2016 2017 2018 2019 T otal Projeto CLN S11D Increase logistics capacity of the Northern Sy stem to support the S11D mine, including doubling approximately 570 km of the railway , constructing a 101-km railway branch, the acquisition of wagons and locomotiv es and O nshore and O ffshore expansions at the Ponta da Madeira marine terminal. Increase in the nominal logistics capacity of the C arajás Railroad to approximately 230 Mtpa. 1H14 to 2H19 3,507 2,108 2,110 786 22,012 97% of phy sical progress

Financial Statements December 31, 2018 IFRS in US$ 

The accompanying financial statements presented in U.S. dollars were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards - IFRS and are unaudited. When we file our annual report on Form 20-F with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which is due on April 30, 2019, we expect to include a report of our independent auditor, prepared in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), on the consolidated financial statements included in such annual report and on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018. As a result of the developments described in note 3 to the accompanying financial statements, our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control ove r financial reporting is not complete as of the date of publication of the accompanying financial statements. On March 27, 2019, we published consolidated financial statements presented in Brazilian reais, in accordance with Internatio nal Financial Reporting Standards, with an audit report prepared under International Standards of Auditing (ISA) by our independent auditor KPMG, and a free translation was furnished to the SEC on a current report on Form 6-K on the same date. 2

Vale S.A. Financial Statements Contents Consolidated Income Statement 4 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 6 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 8 1. Corporate information 3. Brumadinho’s dam failure 5. Costs and expenses by nature 7. Streaming transactions 9. Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share 11. Inventories 13. Other financial assets and liabilities 15. Subsidiaries 17. Noncontrolling interest 19. Property, plant and equipment 21. Loans, borrowings and cash and cash equivalents 23. Financial instruments classification 25. Derivative financial instruments 27. Asset retirement obligations 29. Employee benefits 31. Related parties 33. Risk management 3 34. Additional information about derivatives financial instruments 32. Commitments 30. Stockholders’ equity 28. Litigation 26. Provisions 24. Fair value estimate 22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 20. Impairment and onerous contracts 18. Intangibles 16. Investments in associates and joint ventures 14. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale and discontinued operations 12. Recoverable taxes 10. Accounts receivable 8. Income taxes 6. Financial results 4. Information by business segment and by geographic area 2. Basis for preparation of the financial statements Notes to the Financial Statements9 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position7 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income5 Page

Consolidated Income Statement In millions of United States dollars, except earnings per share data Notes 2018 2017 2016 Net operating revenue 4(e) 36,575 33,967 27,488 Gross profit 14,466 12,928 9,838 Operating expenses Research and evaluation expenses (373) (340) (319) Other operating expenses, net 5(c) (445) (420) (267) Impairment and disposal of non-current assets 16, 19 and 20 (899) (294) (1,240) Financial expenses 6 (2,345) (3,273) (2,677) Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 16 and 22 (182) (82) (911) Current tax (752) (849) (943) 172 (1,495) (2,781) Net income from continuing operations 6,988 6,334 5,203 Net income from continuing operations attributable to Vale's stockholders 6,952 6,313 5,211 Discontinued operations 14 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - (7) 2 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 36 14 (6) Basic and diluted earnings per share: 9 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 4 Common share (US$)1.321.050.77 Earnings per share attributable to Vale's stockholders: Net income attributable to Vale's stockholders6,860 5,507 3,982 Net income6,8965,5213,976 Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Vale's stockholders(92) (806) (1,229) Loss from discontinued operations(92)(813)(1,227) Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests3621(8) Deferred tax924(646)(1,838) Income taxes8 Income before income taxes6,816 7,829 7,984 Other financial items6(3,035)(224)4,350 Financial income6423478170 Operating income11,955 10,930 7,052 (1,612) (1,704) (1,546) Pre operating and operational stoppage(271)(413)(453) Selling and administrative expenses5(b)(523)(531)(507) Cost of goods sold and services rendered5(a)(22,109)(21,039)(17,650) Continuing operations Year ended December 31

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income In millions of United States dollars 2018 2017 2016 Other comprehensive income (loss): Translation adjustments (6,762) (717) 6,460 Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities 60 - - Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement, net of tax (6,677) (763) 6,390 Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement Fair value adjustment to debt instruments - - 1 Net investments hedge (543) (95) - Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement, net of tax 3,278 920 (3,744) Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vale's stockholders 3,581 5,665 6,511 From discontinued operations (8) (31) (131) Items above are stated net of tax and the related taxes are disclosed in note 8. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 5 3,581 5,665 6,511 From continuing operations 3,589 5,696 6,642 Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(84)13111 Total comprehensive income3,497 5,678 6,622 Transfer of realized results to net income(78)(11)(78) Cash flow hedge--10 Translation adjustments3,8991,026(3,677) Transfer to reserve(16)--Retirement benefit obligations41(46)(70) Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement Net income6,8965,521 3,976 Year ended December 31

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows In millions of United States dollars 2018 2017 2016 Income before income taxes from continuing operations 6,816 7,829 7,984 Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 182 82 911 Depreciation, amortization and depletion 3,351 3,708 3,487 Changes in assets and liabilities: Inventories (817) (339) 288 Provision - Payroll, related charges and others remunerations (11) 372 133 Other assets and liabilities, net (205) (912) 332 Interest on loans and borrowings paid (note 21) (1,121) (1,686) (1,663) Interest on participative stockholders' debentures paid (113) (135) (84) Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations 12,901 12,450 6,401 Cash flow from investing activities: Additions to investments (23) (93) (239) Dividends and interest on capital received from associates and joint ventures 245 227 193 Proceeds from gold stream transaction - - 276 Loans and borrowings from third-parties (note 21) 1,225 1,976 6,994 Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (3,313) (1,456) (250) Share buyback program (note 30) (1,000) - - Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations (11,128) (8,702) (1,281) Net cash used in discontinued operations (note 14) (46) (252) (118) Increase in cash and cash equivalents 1,886 138 585 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (313) (60) 86 Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 5,784 4,328 4,262 Non-cash transactions: (1) Includes loans and advances from/to related parties. For the year ended December 31, 2018, includes proceeds received from Nacala project finance (note 31b) in the amount of US$2,572. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 6 Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs194370653 Effects of disposals of subsidiaries and merger, net of cash and cash equivalents(117)(12)-Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the year4,3284,2623,591 Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders(17)(98)(17) Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest(182)(126)(291) Payments of loans and borrowings from third-parties (note 21)(7,841)(8,998)(7,717) Cash flow from financing activities: Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities from continuing operations159 (3,358) (4,417) Others investments activities, net (1)2,240(583)(239) Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments1,481922543 Capital expenditures(3,784)(3,831)(4,951) Income taxes (including settlement program)(1,128)(1,051)(805) Derivatives paid, net(67)(240)(1,602) 15,330 15,562 10,555 Proceeds from cobalt and gold stream transactions690-524 Suppliers and contractors(376)232243 Accounts receivable(156)1,277(2,744) Financial results, net4,9573,019(1,843) Impairment and disposal of non-current assets8992941,240 Adjusted for: Cash flow from operating activities: Year ended December 31

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position In millions of United States dollars Notes December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Current assets Accounts receivable 10 2,648 2,600 Inventories 11 4,443 3,926 Recoverable taxes 12 883 1,172 15,292 15,367 Non-current assets held for sale 14 - 3,587 Non-current assets Other financial assets 13 3,144 3,232 Recoverable taxes 12 751 638 Others 263 267 Intangibles 18 7,962 8,493 72,898 80,230 Current liabilities Loans and borrowings 21 1,003 1,703 Taxes payable 8(d) 650 697 Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 22 289 326 Dividends and interest on capital 30(d) - 1,441 9,111 11,935 9,111 13,114 Loans and borrowings 21 14,463 20,786 Taxes payable 8(d) 3,917 4,890 Provisions 26 7,095 7,027 Deferred revenue - Gold stream 1,603 1,849 34,247 41,298 Equity attributable to Vale's stockholders 43,985 43,458 Total stockholders' equity 44,832 44,772 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 7 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity88,190 99,184 Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests8471,314 Stockholders' equity30 Total liabilities43,358 54,412 Others2,0941,463 Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures22832670 Deferred income taxes8(a)1,5321,719 Other financial liabilities132,7112,894 Non-current liabilities Liabilities associated with non-current assets held for sale14-1,179 Others480992 Provisions261,3631,394 Provision for income taxes210355 Other financial liabilities131,604986 Suppliers and contractors3,5124,041 Liabilities Total assets 88,190 99,184 Property, plant and equipment 1948,38554,878 Investments in associates and joint ventures 163,2253,568 13,326 13,291 Deferred income taxes 8(a)6,9086,638 Prepaid income taxes 544530 Judicial deposits 28(c)1,7161,986 15,292 18,954 Others 556538 Prepaid income taxes 543781 Other financial assets 134352,022 Cash and cash equivalents 5,7844,328 Assets

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity In millions of United States dollars Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Results on conversion of shares Net ownership changes in subsidiaries Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Cumulative translation adjustments Total stockholders' equity Profit reserves Treasury stocks Retained earnings Share capital Capital reserve Net income (loss) - - - - - - - - 3,982 3,982 (6) 3,976 Retirement benefit obligations - - - - - - (70) - - (70) - (70) Available-for-sale financial instruments - - - - - - 1 - - 1 - 1 Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (268) (268) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 25 25 Balance at December 31, 2016 61,614 (152) - (699) 4,203 (1,477) (1,147) (23,300) - 39,042 1,982 41,024 Other comprehensive income: Net investments hedge - - - - - - - (95) - (95) - (95) Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (202) (202) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 33 33 Merger of Valepar (note 30) - - 1,139 - - - - - - 1,139 - 1,139 Net income - - - - - - - - 6,860 6,860 36 6,896 Retirement benefit obligations - - - (16) - - 41 - - 25 - 25 Net investments hedge - - - - - - - (543) - (543) - (543) Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (166) (166) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 12 12 Share buyback program - - - - - (1,000) - - - (1,000) - (1,000) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 8 Balance at December 31, 201861,614 (152) 1,139 (970) 10,968 (2,477) (1,033) (25,104) - 43,985 847 44,832 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings----4,806-(4,806)--Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest----------(229)(229) Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders--------(2,054)(2,054)-(2,054) Translation adjustments----(1,257)-49(1,613)-(2,821)(120)(2,941) Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities------60--60-60 Other comprehensive income: Balance at December 31, 201761,614 (152) 1,139 (954) 7,419 (1,477) (1,183) (22,948) - 43,458 1,314 44,772 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings----4,032---(4,032)---Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest---(255)-----(255)(512)(767) Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders----(658)---(1,475)(2,133)-(2,133) Translation adjustments----(158)-10447-299(1)298 Retirement benefit obligations------(46)--(46)-(46) Net income-- - - - - - - 5,507 5,507 14 5,521 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings----3,023---(3,023)---Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest---3-----3(1)2 Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders--------(1,061)(1,061)-(1,061) Translation adjustments----195-(93)2,3871022,5911172,708 Cash flow hedge------7--7-7 Other comprehensive income: Balance at December 31, 201561,614 (152) - (702) 985 (1,477) (992) (25,687) - 33,589 2,115 35,704

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 1. Corporate information Vale S.A. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Vale” or “Company”) are global producers of iron ore and iron ore pellets, key raw materials for steelmaking, and producers of nickel, which is used to produce stainless steel and metal alloys employed in the production of several products. The Company also produces copper, metallurgical and thermal coal, manganese ore, ferroalloys, platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. The information by segment is presented in note 4. Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo – B3 S.A. (VALE3), New York - NYSE (VALE), Paris - NYSE Euronext (VALE3) and Madrid – LATIBEX (XVALO). On December 22, 2017 after the conversion of the class “A” preferred shares into common shares, the Company migrated to the special listing segment of B3 S.A. (“Novo Mercado”) (further details in note 30). 2. Basis for preparation of the financial statements a) Statement of compliance The consolidated financial statements of the Company (“financial statements”) have been prepared and are being presented in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). b) Basis of presentation The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as adjusted to reflect: (i) the fair value o f financial instruments measured at fair value through income statement or at fair value through the statement of comprehensive income; and (ii) impairment of assets. The issue of these financial statements was authorized by the Board of Directors on March 27, 2019. c) Functional currency and presentation currency The financial statements of the Company and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”), which in the case of the Parent Company is the Brazilian real (“R$”). For presentation purposes, these financial statements are presented in United States dollar (“US$”) as the Company believes that this is how international investors analyze the financial statements. The exchange rates used by the Company to translate its foreign operations are as follows: 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 Canadian dollar ("CAD") 2.8451 2.6344 2.4258 2.8190 2.4618 2.6280 9 Euro ("EUR" or "€")4.43903.96933.43844.30943.60883.8543 US Dollar ("US$")3.8748 3.3080 3.2591 3.6558 3.1925 3.4833 Closing rateAverage rate for the year ended

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated d) Significant accounting policies Significant and relevant accounting policies for the understanding of the recognition and measurement basis used in the preparation of these financial statements were included in the respective notes. The accounting polices applied in the preparations of these financial statements are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the financial statements of prior years, except for new accounting policies related to the application of IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments and IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which were adopted by the Company from January 1, 2018. The nature and effect of the changes as a result of adoption of these new accounting standards are described below: IFRS 9 Financial Instrument – This standard addresses the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities, new impairment model and new rules for hedge accounting. The Company applied IFRS 9 prospectively, with an initial application date of January 1, 2018. The Company has not restated the comparative information, which continues to be reported under IAS 39 - Financial Instruments. The main changes are described below: Classification and measurement - Under IFRS 9, debt instruments are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), through amortized cost, or fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”). The classification is based on the Company’s business model for managing the assets and whether the instruments’ contractual cash flows represent ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ (“SPPI”) on the principal amount outstanding. On the date of initial application of IFRS 9, the Company has assessed which business models apply to the financial assets held by the Company and has classified its financial instruments into the appropriate IFRS 9 categories. The reclassification of the financial instruments of the Company on January 1, 2018 were as follows: Financial assets IAS 39 IFRS 9 IAS 39 IFRS 9 Difference Financial investments Loans and receivables FVTPL 18 18 - Accounts receivable Loans and receivables Amortized cost 2,600 2,600 - Derivative financial instruments FVTPL FVTPL 453 453 - Related parties Loans and receivables Amortized cost 2,628 2,628 - Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors Loans and receivables Amortized cost 4,041 4,041 - Loans and borrowings Loans and receivables Amortized cost 1,703 1,703 - Derivative financial instruments FVTPL FVTPL 686 686 - Related parties Loans and receivables Amortized cost 975 975 - These reclassifications have no impact on the measurement categories. The financial instruments that were classified as “Loan s and receivables” under IAS 39 did meet the IFRS 9 criteria for classification at amortized cost, because these financial instruments are held within a business model whose objective is to hold to collect the cash flows, which represent solely payments of principal and interest. The derivatives held for trading are required to be held as FVTPL under IFRS 9, therefore there were no changes in relation to these instruments from the adoption of IFRS 9. Impairment - IFRS 9 has replaced the IAS 39’s incurred loss approach with a forward-looking expected credit loss (“ECL”) approach. For accounts receivables, the Company has applied the standard’s simplified approach and has calculated ECLs based on lifetim e expected credit losses and the identified loss is deemed not significant. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the economic environment and by any financial guarantees related to these accounts receivables. 10 Participative stockholders' debenturesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost1,2331,233-Loans and borrowingsLoans and receivablesAmortized cost20,78620,786-Non-current Related partiesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost882882-Derivative financial instrumentsFVTPLFVTPL104104-Current LoansLoans and receivablesAmortized cost151151-Non-current Related partiesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost1,8981,898-Derivative financial instrumentsFVTPLFVTPL106106-Current Measurement categoryCarrying amount

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortized cost are credit -impaired. Information about the Company’s exposure to credit risk is set out in note 33. The new impairment approach of IFRS 9 did not have a significant impact to the Company for the year ended December 31, 2018. Hedge accounting - The Company has elected to adopt the new general hedge accounting model in IFRS 9. The changes introduced by IFRS 9 relating to hedge accounting currently have no impact, as the Company does not currently apply cash flow or fair value hedge accounting. The Company currently applies the net investment hedge for which there are no changes introduced by this ne w standard (note 25). IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers – This standard establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is recognized. It replaced IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts and related interpretation s. The Company has adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective method. Accordingly, the comparative information presented has not been restated. The Company has assessed its revenue streams and the nature and effect of the changes as a result of adoption of IFRS 15 is described below: - Sales of products - Under IFRS 15, there is no significant impact on the timing of products revenue recognition since usually the transfer of risks and rewards and the transfer of control under the sales contracts are at the same point in time. - Shipping services - A proportion of Vale’s sales are under Cost and Freight (“CFR”) and Cost, Insurance and Freight (“CIF”) Incoterms, in which the Company is responsible for providing shipping services after the date that Vale transfers control o f the goods to the customers. According to the previous standard (IAS 18), the revenue from shipping services was recognized upon loading, as we ll as the related costs, and was not considered a separate service. Under IFRS 15, the provision of shipping services for CFR and CIF contracts should be considered as a separate performance obligation in which a proportion of the transaction price would be allocated and recognized over time as the shipping services are provided. The impact on the timing of revenue recognition of the proportion that would have been allocated to the shipping service to the Company's income statement for the year ended December 31, 2018 is deemed not significant. Therefore, such revenue has not been presented separately in these financial statements. - Provisionally priced commodities sales - Under IFRS 9 and 15, the treatment of the provisional pricing mechanisms embedded within the provisionally priced commodities sales remains unmodified. Therefore, these revenues are recognized based on the estimated fair value of the total consideration receivable, and the provisionally priced sales mechanism embedded within these sale arrangements has the character of a derivative. The fair value of the sales price adjustment is recognized as o perational revenue in the income statement. Overall, there was no material impact on the Company’s financial statement from the IFRS 15 adoption for the year ended December 31, 2018. e) Accounting standards issued but not yet effective – IFRS 16 Lease – IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in vast majority of leases being recognized in the balance sheet by lessees, as the distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to u se the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognized. There are recognition exemptions for short -term leases and leases of low-value items. The Company will apply the standard from its mandatory adoption date of January 1, 2019. Vale will app ly the simplified transition approach and will not restate comparative amounts for the year prior to first adoption. Right -of-use assets will be measured at the amount of the lease liability on adoption. As at December 31, 2018, the Company has non-cancellable operating lease commitments in the nominal amount of US$2,498 (note 32). The Company has set up a project team which has reviewed these leasing commitments over the last year in light of the new lease accounting rules in IFRS 16. Of these commitments, the Company expects to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities an amount ranging from US$1.8 billion to US$2 billion at present value on January 1, 2019, an amount ranging from US$240 to US$260 on current liabilities and US$1,560 to US$1,740 on non-current liabilities. 11

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated The actual impacts of adopting the standard may be subject to further changes because the Company has not finalized the testi ng, assessment of controls over its new IT systems and the new accounting policies are subject to change until the Company presents its first financial statements from the date of initial application. The Company has not early adopted any standards and interpretations that have been issued or amended but are not yet effectiv e for the year ended December 31, 2018. Therefore, there are no other standards that are not yet effective and that would be expected to have a material impact on the entity in the current or future reporting periods. f) Critical accounting estimates and judgments The preparation of financial statements requires the use of critical accounting estimates and the application of judgment by management in applying the Company’s accounting policies. These estimates are based on the experience, best knowledge, information available at the statement of financial position date and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in facts and circumstances may lead to the revision of these estim ates. Actual future results may differ from the estimates. The significant estimates and judgments applied by Company in the preparation of these financial statements are as follows: 7 Deferred revenue 16 Consolidation 20 Impairment of non-current assets 24 Fair values estimate 28 Litigation 12 29Employee post-retirement obligations 27Asset retirement obligations 22Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 19Mineral reserves and mines useful life 8Deferred income taxes NoteSignificant estimates and judgments

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 3. Brumadinho’s dam failure On January 25, 2019 (subsequent event), a breach has been experienced in the Dam I of the Córrego do Feijão mine, which belon gs to the Paraopebas Complex in the Southern System, located in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brasil (“Brumadinho dam ”). This dam was inactive since 2016 (without additional tailings disposal) and there was no other operational activity in this structure. Due to the dam failure, 306 people lost their lives or are missing and ecosystems were affected. Around 11.7 million metric tons of iron ore waste were contained in the Brumadinho dam. It is not yet known the exact volume of iron ore waste that was released due to the dam failure. The tailings contained in the Dam I have caused an impact of around 270 km in extension, destroying some of Vale’s facilities, affecting local communities and disturbing the environment. The Paraopeba river and its ecosystems have al so been impacted by the event. The Company has not been sparing efforts to support the victims and to mitigate and recover the social and environmental damages resulting from the breach of the dam. Vale has provided support in multiple ways, aiming to ensure the humanitarian assistanc e to those affected by the dam breach. To determine the causes for the event, Vale has engaged a panel of independent experts. Furthermore, the Company established three Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committees to support the Board of Directors, which are composed by independent members that are unrelated to the management or to the Company’s operations to ensure that the initiatives by the committees be unbiased. Following are the committees: (i) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Investigation (“CIAEA”), dedicated to investigating the causes and responsibilities for the Brumadinho dam breach; The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Support and Recovery (“CIAEAR”), dedicated to follow-up on the measures taken to support the victims and the recovery of the areas affected by the breach of the Brumadinho dam, assuring that all necessary resources will be applied; and The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Dam Safety (“CIAESB”), which will provide support to the Board of Directors in questions related to the diagnosis of safety conditions, management and risk mitigation related to Vale’s tailings dams, also providing recommendations of actions to strengthen safety conditions of those dams. (ii) (iii) In addition, Vale has determined the suspension (i) of the variable remuneration of its executives; (ii) the Shareholder’s Remuneration Policy and (iii) any other resolution related to shares buyback. The Company paid the shareholders in anticipation of the remuneration for the year, the amount of US$1,876 in September 2018, approved by the Board of Directors on July 25, 2018. This payment was higher than the minimum mandatory remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2018 and consequently no additional dividends to shareholders is required (note 30). a) Financial impacts arising from the dam failure The Company has concluded for the purpose of these financial statements that the dam breach and the following events are not a condition that existed at the end of the reporting period, and therefore does not require adjustments in the book values reco gnized in the financial statements prepared for the year ended December 31, 2018. Therefore, all accounting impacts will be recorded in 2019. At the current stage of the investigations, assessments of the causes and possible third parties lawsuits, it is not possible to have a reliable measure of all cost that the Company may incur for the purpose of disclosure in the financial statements. The amounts that are being disclosed took into consideration the best estimates by the Company´s management. i) Operation stoppages and de-characterization of the upstream dams On January 29, 2019 the Company has informed the market and Brazilian authorities its decision to speed up the plan to “de-characterize” all of its tailings dams built by the upstream method (same method as Brumadinho dam), located in Brazil. The “de-characterizing” means that the structure will be dismantled and will no longer have its original operational characteristics. The Company is developing specific studies for the de-characterization of these dams which will be submitted for approval by the relevant authorities when concluded, in accordance with regulations and legal requirements. The estimate on January 29, 2019, based on a preliminary assessment, resulted in a total amount of US$1.3 billion (R$5 billion) assuming the removal and reprocessing of all tailings contained in the upstream dams, followed by the fully recovery of the sites in the “de-characterization” method. 13

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Before the event, the decommissioning plans of these dams were based on a method which aimed to ensure the physical and chemical stability of the structures, not necessarily, in all cases, removing and reprocessing the tailings contained in the dams. Since the event, the Company has been working on an individual detailed engineering plans to each of these dams to allow the total de-characterization of the structures. The Company is still developing the revised estimate for the costs to de-characterize the upstream dams and, therefore, the additional amount to the provision that will be recognized and disclosed in 2019 could not be reliab ly estimated. In order to carry out safely the de-characterization of the dams, the Company has temporarily stopped the production of the units where the upstream dams are located, as already disclosed to the market. The stoppage results in a reduction in production of approximately 40 million tons of iron ore on annual basis. In addition, the Company has other operations that are temporarily suspended due to judicial decisions or technical analysis performed by the Company on the dams, which represents a potential reduction in sales of 52.8 million tons of iron ore. The Company is working on legal and technical measures to resume these operations. For reference, the Company sold 365 million tons of iron ore and pellets in 2018. Due to the dam failure and review undertaken on the safety requirements for other dams in the Minas Gerais region, when necessary people were placed in temporary accommodation. ii) Assets write-offs Following the event and the decision to speed up the de-characterization of the upstream dams, the Company will write-off assets of the Córrego do Feijão mine and those related to the upstream dams in Brazil, resulting in a loss of US$124 (R$480 million) in 2019, which will impact the Company's balance sheet and income statement. iii) Framework Agreements The Company has been working together with the authorities and society to remediate the environmental and social impacts of the event. As a result, the Company has started negotiations and entered into agreements with the relevant authorities and affected people. Public Ministry of Labor On February 15, 2019, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the Public Ministry of Labor to indemnify the direct and third-party employees of the Córrego do Feijão mine who were affected by the termination of this operation. Under the terms of the agreement, Vale will maintain the jobs of its direct employees until December 31, 2019 and will either assist terminated third party employees with a replacement or pay their salaries until December 31, 2019. The Company will also keep paying wages regularly to the missing people until the authorities have considered them as fatal victims of the event and will pay to the families of the fatal victims an amount equivalent to two thirds of their wages until December 31, 2019 or until Vale reaches the final agreement with the Public Ministry of Labor. Under the terms proposed by Vale and considering the uncertainties related to the necessary procedures to estimate the am ount to be spent, including the number of individuals entitled to indemnification, the Company has estimated that th is agreement will result in a provision of approximately US$220 (R$850 million) in 2019. Moreover, the Company will provide a lifelong medical insurance benefit to the widows and widowers and a similar benefit to the dependents of the victims until they are 22 years old. Due to the preliminary stage of this agreement and considering the complexity of an actuarial estimate, it is not possible yet to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates and, therefore, the amount of the provision related to this obligation could not be estimated. The Company expects to have this information during the course of 2019. 14

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Brazilian Federal Government, State of Minas Gerais, Public Prosecutors and Public Defendants On a judicial hearing that took place on February 20, 2019, in the scope of the public civil action n° 5010709 -36.2019.8.13.0024, in process of the 6th Public Treasury Lower Court of Belo Horizonte, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the State of Minas Gerais, Federal Government and representatives of Public Authorities in which the Company commits to make emergency indemnification payments to the residents of Brumadinho and the communities that are located up to one kilometer from the Paraopeba river bed, from Brumadinho to the city of Pompéu, subject to registration. Due to this agreement, the Company will anticipate indemnification to each family member through monthly payments during a 12-month period, which changes based, among other factors, on the age of the beneficiary. The Company has initially estimated a provision ranging from US$260 (R$1 billion) to US$520 (R$2 billion) related to these payments, depending on the number of beneficiaries that will be registered. The agreement also includes the following measures: (i) independent technical assistance to support on the individual indemni ties of those affected, if requested; and (ii) reimbursement or direct funding of the extraordinary expenses of the State of Minas Gerais and its governmental bodies due to the dam failure, including transportation, accommodation and food expenses of the employees involved in the rescue and other emergency actions. The respective amounts are still being estimated by the State of Minas Gerais and will be presented in Court. iv) Donations and other incurred expenses Donations Vale has offered donations of US$26 thousand (R$100 thousand) to each of the families with missing members or affected by fatalities, US$13 thousand (R$50 thousand) to families that resided in the Self-Saving Zone (“ZAS”) near to Brumadinho dam, US$4 thousand (R$15 thousand) to business owners of the region and US$1 thousand (R$5 thousand) for each family that resided in the ZAS of Sul Superior dam, which belongs to the Gongo Soco mine, in Barão de Cocais. The estimated amount spent to date is around US$16 (R$62 million). These humanitarian donations will not be subject to any compensation with eventual indemnification obligations that the Company may have with its beneficiaries. Vale also entered into an agreement with the Brumadinho city, in which the Company will donate to the city an amount of approximately US$21 (R$80 million) over the next 2 years. Environment and fauna The Company is building a retention dike for the tailings on the affected areas. The Company has also installed anti-turbidity barriers for sediment retention alongside the Paraopeba River. In addition, Vale has mobilized cleaning, de-sanding and dredging the Paraopeba river channel. Daily collection points of water and barriers for sediment retention were installed alongside the Paraopeba River, Três Maias reservoir and São Francisco river. Vale also has set up an exclusive structure for treatment of the rescued animals, enabling emergency care and recovery before the animals are authorized, after veterinarian assessment, to be returned to their tutors. Furthermore, the Company has agreed to pay the administrative fines imposed by the State Secretary for Environment and Sustainable Development – SEMAD MG, in the total approximated amount of US$26 (R$99 million). The Company has incurred the following expenses up to the present moment: 2019 Administrative sanctions 26 Drilling and infrastructure 5 Medical aid and other materials 2 Others (*) 22 (*) Includes expenses with communication, accommodation, humanitarian assistance, equipment, legal services, water, food aid, taxes, among others. 15 78 Fuel and transportation2 Environmental recovery4 Donations to the affected people and to the city16 Incurred expenses

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Off the events identified at this stage, a significant portion has not been disbursed or measured. The total costs incurred with Vale's employees dedicated to providing support with matters related to the event (including wages), equipment and materials were not measured yet. b) Contingencies and other legal matters Vale is subject to significant contingencies due to the Brumadinho dam failure. Vale has already been named on several judicial and administrative proceedings brought by authorities and affected people and is currently under investigations. New contingencie s are expected to come in the future. Vale is still evaluating these contingencies and will recognize a provision based on the stage of these claims. Due to the preliminary stage of the investigations and claims, it is not possible to determine a range of reliable re sults or estimates of potential exposure related to dam breach at this point in time. Lawsuits On January 27, 2019, following the injunctions granted upon the requests of the Public Prosecutors of the State of Minas Gera is and the State of Minas Gerais, the Company had restricted US$2.8 billion (R$11 billion) on its bank accounts to take the necessary measures to reassure the stability of the other dams of the Córrego do Feijão Mine Complex, provide accommodation and assista nce to the affected people, remediate environmental impacts, among other obligations. On January 31, 2019, the Public Ministry of Labor filed a Public Civil Action and a couple of preliminary injunctions were granted determining the freezing of US$400 (R$1.6 billion) on the Company’s bank accounts to secure the indemnification of direct and third-party employees that worked in the Córrego de Feijão mine at the time of the Brumadinho dam breach. On March 18, 2019 the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Public Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze US$258 (R$1 billion) of the Company’s assets, aiming to grant funds that could be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from the evacuation of the community of Sebastião de Águas Claras – Macacos community. On March 25, 2019, the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Public Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze US$761 (R$2.95 billion) of the Company’s assets, to grant funds that might be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from evacuation of the communities in Gongo Soco, Barão de Cocais. In total, approximately US$4.4 billion (R$16.9 billion) of the Company's assets were blocked, of which approximately US$121 (R$468 million) were freeze on the Company’s bank accounts, US$3.3 billion (R$12.6 billion) were converted into judicial deposits and US$1 billion (R$3.75 billion) was guaranteed using 75,312,728 treasury shares out of the 158,216,372 treasury shares held by Vale as at December 31,2018. Other collective and individual claims related to the Brumadinho dam breach were filed. Some collective claims were extinguished by the applicable court. Administrative sanctions In addition, the Company was notified of the imposition of administrative fines by Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (“IBAMA”), in the amount of US$65 (R$250 million) and a daily fine of US$26 thousand (R$100 thousand), drawn up on February 7, 2019, which Vale has presented defenses against all of them. In addition, the Brumadinho Municipal Department of the Environment has also imposed fines totaling approximately US$28 (R$108 million), which the Company has also presented a defense. U.S. Securities class action suits Vale and certain of its current officers have been named as defendants in securities class action complaints in Federal Courts in New York brought by holders of Vale’s securities under U.S. federal securities laws. The complaints allege that Vale made false a nd misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and potential damage of a breach of the dam in the Córrego de Feijão mine. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these complaints. Vale intends to defend th ese actions and mount a full defense against these claims. As a consequence of the preliminary nature of these proceedings, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time, and the amount of pro vision that will be recognized in 2019 could not be estimated. The Company is negotiating with insurers under its operational risk, general liability and engineering risk policies, but the se negotiations are still at a preliminary stage. Any payment of insurance proceeds will depend on the coverage definitions under these policies and assessment of the amount of loss. In light of the uncertainties, no indemnification to the Company was recognize d in Vale’s financial statements. 16

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 4. Information by business segment and by geographic area The Company operated the following reportable segments during this year: Ferrous Minerals, Coal, Base Metals and Fertilizers (presented as discontinued operations). The segments are aligned with products and reflect the structure used by Management t o evaluate Company’s performance. The responsible bodies for making operational decisions, allocating resources and evaluating performance are the Executive Boards and the Board of Directors. The performance of the operating segments is assessed based on a measure of adjusted EBITDA. The information presented to the Executive Board on the performance of each segment is derived from the accounting records, adjusted for reallocations between segments. The main activities of the operating segments are as follows: Ferrous minerals – comprise of the production and extraction of iron ore, iron ore pellets, manganese, ferroalloys, other ferrous products and its logistic services. Coal – comprise of the production and extraction of metallurgical and thermal coal and its logistic services. Base metals - include the production and extraction of nickel and its by-products (copper, gold, silver, cobalt, precious metals and others) and copper, as well as their by-products (gold and silver). Fertilizers (Discontinued operations) - include the production of potash, phosphate, nitrogen and other fertilizer products (note 14). a) Adjusted EBITDA The definition of adjusted EBITDA for the Company is the operating income or loss plus dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures, and excluding the amounts charged as (i) depreciation, depletion and amortization and (ii) special events (note 4b). The Company allocate in “Others” the sales and expenses of other products, services, research and development, investments in joint ventures and associates of other business and unallocated corporate expenses. In 2018, the Company has allocated general and corporate expenses to "Others" as these are not directly related to the performance of each business segment. The comparative periods were restated to reflect this change in the allocation criteria. Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Pre operating and operational stoppage Net operating revenue Research and evaluation Adjusted EBITDA Iron ore 20,354 (9,048) (76) (110) (115) 28 11,033 Ferroalloys and manganese 454 (290) (3) (1) - - 160 27,933 (13,044) (94) (138) (135) 189 14,711 Coal 1,643 (1,575) (9) (21) - 143 181 Base metals Copper 2,093 (960) (4) (18) - - 1,111 Total of continuing operations 36,575 (18,902) (906) (373) (189) 388 16,593 Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 121 (120) (4) - - - (3) 17 Total36,696 (19,022) (910) (373) (189) 388 16,590 Others296(263)(752)(157)(21)56(841) 6,703 (4,020) (51) (57) (33) - 2,542 Nickel and other products4,610(3,060)(47)(39)(33)-1,431 Other ferrous products and services 474(313)(4)(1)(1)7162 Iron ore Pellets 6,651(3,393)(11)(26)(19)1543,356 Ferrous minerals Year ended December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Pre operating and operational stoppage Net operating revenue Research and evaluation Adjusted EBITDA Iron ore 18,524 (7,950) 11 (88) (181) 30 10,346 Ferroalloys and manganese 469 (278) (8) - (4) - 179 25,129 (11,410) 5 (109) (192) 130 13,553 Coal 1,567 (1,354) (12) (14) (4) 179 362 Base metals Copper 2,204 (979) (15) (13) - - 1,197 Total of continuing operations 33,967 (17,555) (860) (340) (280) 406 15,338 Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 1,746 (1,606) (102) (12) (25) 3 4 Year ended December 31, 2016 Ferrous minerals Iron ore Pellets 3,827 (2,002) (35) (13) (22) 103 1,858 Other ferrous products and services 438 (269) (4) (2) (4) - 159 Nickel and other products 4,472 (3,204) 1 (78) (114) 4 1,081 Other base metals products - - 150 - - - 150 Total of continuing operations 27,488 (14,383) (663) (320) (343) 193 11,972 Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 1,875 (1,545) (87) (22) (16) 4 209 Adjusted EBITDA is reconciled to net income (loss) as follows: From continuing operations 2018 2017 2016 Depreciation, depletion and amortization 3,351 3,708 3,487 Financial results, net 4,957 3,019 (1,843) Special events (note 4b) 899 294 1,240 18 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations16,593 15,338 11,972 Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures, net of dividends received5704881,104 Income taxes(172)1,4952,781 Net income from continuing operations6,988 6,334 5,203 Year ended December 31 Total29,363 (15,928) (750) (342) (359) 197 12,181 Others159(259)(573)(116)(1)76(714) 6,139 (4,128) 135 (83) (114) 4 1,953 Copper1,667(924)(16)(5)--722 Base metals Coal839(872)63(15)(41)-(26) 20,351 (9,124) (288) (106) (187) 113 10,759 Ferroalloys and manganese302(231)(1)-(11)-59 Iron ore15,784(6,622)(248)(91)(150)108,683 Cost of goodsSelling,Pre operating Dividends received sold and administrative andandand interest from Net operating servicesother operatingResearch andoperational associates and jointAdjusted revenuerenderedexpensesevaluationstoppageventuresEBITDA Total35,713 (19,161) (962) (352) (305) 409 15,342 Others400(375)(791)(155)(9)97(833) 6,871 (4,416) (62) (62) (75) - 2,256 Nickel and other products4,667(3,437)(47)(49)(75)-1,059 Other ferrous products and services 483(306)11(2)-19205 Iron ore Pellets 5,653(2,876)(9)(19)(7)812,823 Ferrous minerals Year ended December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated From discontinued operations 2018 2017 2016 Depreciation, depletion and amortization - 1 347 Financial results, net 5 28 (20) Impairment of non-current assets 124 885 1,738 b) Special events occurred during the year Special events are gains or losses recognized in the Company's operating results that are not related to the performance of the business segments. The Company excludes special events from adjusted EBITDA to keep the segment performance analysis comparable with prior periods. The special events identified by the Company are as follows: Year ended December 31 Result in disposal of assets (note 19) (322) (481) (66) Impairment and onerous contracts (note 20) (577) (271) (1,174) c) Assets by segment Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Product inventory Product inventory Coal 119 317 1,589 82 317 1,719 Others 11 1,080 2,086 6 1,316 1,946 2018 2017 2016 Depreciation, depletion and amortization Depreciation, depletion and amortization Depreciation, depletion and amortization Sustaining capital Project execution Sustaining capital Project execution Sustaining capital Project execution Coal 132 24 252 73 45 296 149 463 185 Others 6 7 76 4 20 113 3 33 133 (i) Goodwill is allocated mainly to ferrous minerals and base metals segments in the amount of US$1,841 and US$1,812 in December 31, 2018 and US$2,157 and US$1,953 in December 31, 2017, respectively. (ii) Cash outflows. 19 Total2,896 888 3,351 2,231 1,600 3,708 2,088 2,863 3,487 Base metals1,189341,351960501,5901,045121,636 Ferrous minerals1,569 823 1,672 1,194 1,485 1,709 891 2,355 1,533 Capital expenditures (ii) Capital expenditures (ii) Capital expenditures (ii) Year ended December 31 Total3,487 3,225 56,347 2,867 3,568 63,371 Base metals1,1471421,2951,0091323,603 Ferrous minerals2,210 1,814 31,377 1,770 1,922 36,103 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Total(899) (294) (1,240) Nacala Logistic Corridor (note 16)-458-201820172016 Adjusted EBITDA from discontinued operations (3) 4 209 Equity results in associates and joint ventures, net of dividends received -51 Income taxes (40)(102)(630) Loss from discontinued operations (92) (813) (1,227) Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated d) Investment in associates and joint ventures, intangible and property, plant and equipment by geographic area December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Brazil 2,604 5,875 29,226 37,705 2,993 6,231 34,209 43,433 Americas, except Brazil and Canada 247 - - 247 200 - - 200 Indonesia - 1 2,776 2,777 - - 2,787 2,787 Australia - - - - - - 45 45 Mozambique - 130 1,459 1,589 - 143 1,532 1,675 Other regions - - 3 3 - - 11 11 e) Net operating revenue by geographic area Year ended December 31, 2018 Americas, except United States and Brazil 820 - 658 - 1,478 Germany 1,130 - 523 - 1,653 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 2,562 151 25 - 2,738 China 14,381 - 861 - 15,242 Brazil 2,564 126 275 283 3,248 Year ended December 31, 2017 Americas, except United States and Brazil 593 - 1,009 70 1,672 Germany 1,097 - 292 - 1,389 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,768 171 13 - 1,952 China 13,442 - 576 - 14,018 Brazil 2,894 159 186 236 3,475 Year ended December 31, 2016 Americas, except United States and Brazil 334 20 1,172 - 1,526 Germany 1,077 - 302 - 1,379 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,252 95 20 - 1,367 China 11,985 63 699 - 12,747 Brazil 1,785 17 144 118 2,064 20 Net operating revenue20,351 839 6,139 159 27,488 Asia, except Japan and China9123051,173-2,390 Japan1,292121328-1,741 Europe, except Germany1,4822181,552173,269 United States of America232-749241,005 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Net operating revenue25,129 1,567 6,871 400 33,967 Asia, except Japan and China1,3327111,539-3,582 Japan1,927130399-2,456 Europe, except Germany1,7213961,985114,113 United States of America355-872831,310 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Net operating revenue27,933 1,643 6,703 296 36,575 Asia, except Japan and China1,7987671,101-3,666 Japan2,072163508-2,743 Europe, except Germany2,2184361,800-4,454 United States of America388-952131,353 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Total 3,225 7,962 48,385 59,572 3,568 8,493 54,878 66,939 Oman - - 829 829 - 1868869 New Caledonia - - 2,796 2,796 - -2,9652,965 Asia, except Indonesia 374 - 1,025 1,399 375 -1,1001,475 Europe - - 366 366 - -394394 Canada - 1,956 9,905 11,861 - 2,11810,96713,085 Investments in associates and joint ventures Intangible Property, plant and equipment Total Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and IntangibleequipmentTotal

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Accounting policy Vale recognizes revenue when the control of a good or service transfers to a customer of an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Net revenue excludes any applicable sales taxes. Depending on the contract, sales revenue can be recognized when the product is available at the loading port, loaded on the ship, at the port of discharge or at the customer’s warehouse. Service revenues are recognized in the amount by which the services are rendered and accepted by the customer. Generally, the contract payment terms consider the upfront payments or the use of credit letters. The payment terms do not have a significant financing component and were not changed from previous years. In some cases, the sale price is determined on a provisional basis at the date of sale and adjustments to the sale price subsequently occur based on movements in the quoted market or contractual prices up to the date of final pricing. Revenue is recognized based on the estimated fair value of the total consideration receivable, and the provisionally priced sale mechanism embedded within these sale arrangements has the character of a derivative. Accordingly, the fair value of the final sale price adjustment is re-estimated continuously and changes in fair value are recognized as operational revenue in the income statement. Commodity price risk – The commodity price risk arises from volatility of iron ore, nickel, copper and coal prices. The Company is mostly exposed to the fluctuations in the iron ore and copper price. The selling price of these products can be measured reliably at each period, since the price is quoted in an active market. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 27 million tons (2017: 33 million tons) provisionally priced based on iron ore forward prices and 78 thousand tons (2017: 106 thousand tons) provisionally priced based on copper forward prices. The final price of these sales will be determined during the first quarter of 2019. A 10% change in the price of iron ore realized on the provisionally priced sales, with all other factors held constant, would increase or reduce net income by US$185. A 10% change in the price of copper realized on the provisionally priced sales, with all other factors held constant, would increase or reduce net income by US$56. 5.Costs and expenses by nature a) Cost of goods sold and services rendered Year ended December 31 Personnel 2,278 2,295 2,087 Fuel oil and gas 1,538 1,313 1,233 Energy 906 963 694 Depreciation and depletion 3,207 3,484 3,267 Others 2,597 2,185 1,494 Cost of services rendered 583 613 502 21 Total 22,109 21,039 17,650 Cost of goods sold 21,52620,42617,148 Total 22,109 21,039 17,650 Freight 4,3063,3462,509 Acquisition of products 513543511 Maintenance 2,8073,0962,747 Materials and services 3,9573,8143,108 201820172016

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated b) Selling and administrative expenses 2018 2017 2016 Services 92 77 72 Others 157 129 106 c) Other operating expenses, net Year ended December 31 Provision for litigation 185 169 137 Others 73 102 54 6. Financial result Year ended December 31 Financial income Others 246 302 78 Financial expenses Capitalized loans and borrowing costs 194 370 653 Interest on REFIS (202) (397) (514) (2,345) (3,273) (2,677) Net foreign exchange gains (losses) on loans and borrowings (2,666) (249) 3,314 Other net foreign exchange gains (losses) 419 (218) (62) (3,035) (224) 4,350 a) Hedge in foreign operations As at January 1, 2017, Vale S.A., which the functional currency is Reais, designated its debts in US$ and Euro, as an instrument in a hedge of its investment in foreign operations (Vale International S.A. and Vale International Holding GmbH; hedging objects) to mitigate part of the foreign exchange risk on financial statements. Further details are disclosed in note 25. b) Net investment in the foreign operation From January 1, 2019 (subsequent event), the Company will consider certain long-term loans payable to Vale International S.A., for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future, as part of its net investment in the foreign operation. The foreign exchange differences arising on the monetary item, forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation, will be recognized in other comprehensive income and reclassified from stockholders’ equity to income statement on disposal or partial disposal of the net investment. Therefore, upon adoption the effect of net foreign exchange gains or losses in the income statement is expected to reduce. 22 Financial results, net(4,957) (3,019) 1,843 Net indexation losses(522)(211)(158) Derivative financial instruments(266)4541,256 Other financial items Others(602)(924)(631) Participative stockholders' debentures(550)(625)(417) Loans and borrowings gross interest(1,185)(1,697)(1,768) 423 478 170 Short-term investments17717692 201820172016 Total445 420 267 Profit sharing program18714976 201820172016 Total523 531 507 Depreciation and amortization6291120 Personnel212 234 209 Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Accounting policy Transactions in foreign currencies - Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rate prevailing at the transaction date. The foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the translation at the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the year are recognized in the income statement as “financial income or expense”. The exceptions are transactions related to qualifying net investment hedges or items that are attributable to part of the net investment in a foreign operation, for which gains and losses are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income. 7. Streaming transactions Cobalt streaming In June 2018, the Company entered into two different agreements, one with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp (“Wheaton”) and the other with Cobalt 27 Capital Corp. (“Cobalt 27”), to sell a stream equivalent to 75% of the cobalt extracted as a by-product from the Voisey’s Bay mine, in Canada, starting on January 1, 2021. Furthermore, the Company restarted the Voisey’s Bay underground mine expansion project, which is going to increase the expected useful life of Voisey’s Bay mine from 2023 to 2034. The first year of underground production is expected to be 2021, when the current operations on the open pit mine begin to ramp down. Upon completion of the transaction, the Company received an upfront payment of US$690 in cash, US$390 from Wheaton and US$300 from Cobalt 27, which has been recorded as other non-current liabilities. Vale will receive additional payments of 20%, on average, of the market reference price for cobalt, for each pound of finished cobalt delivered. Thus, from January 1, 2021 onwards, Wheaton and Cobalt 27 will be entitled to receive 42.4% and 32.6%, respectively, of cobalt equivalent to the production from the Voisey's Bay mine, while Vale remains exposed to approximately 40% of the cobalt economic exposure, as Vale retains the rights to 25% of the future cobalt production and will receive 20% additional payments for the cobalt stream. The estimated result of the sale of the mineral rights is not expected to be significant and it will be accounted for once certain production thresholds have been met at Voisey’s Bay mine. Gold streaming In August 2016, the Company made an amended to the gold transaction entered into to 2013 with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp (“Wheaton”) to include in each contract an additional 25% of the gold extracted as by-product over a lifetime of the Salobo copper mine. Hence, Wheaton holds the rights to 75% of the contained gold in the copper concentrated from the Salobo mine and 70% of the gold extracted as a by-product of the Sudbury nickel mines. The transactions were bifurcated into two identifiable components (i) the sale of the mineral rights recognized in the income statement under “Other operating income (expenses), net” and, (ii) the deferred revenue (liability) related to the services for gold extraction on the portion in which Vale operates as an agent for Wheaton gold extraction. The Company recognized US$150 in the income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016, related to the sale of mineral rights from the additional transaction in August 2016. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Defining the gain on sale of mineral interest and the deferred revenue portion of the gold transaction requires the use of critical accounting estimates as follows: - Discount rates used to measure the present value of future inflows and outflows; - Allocation of costs between nickel or copper and gold based on relative prices; - Expected margin for the independent elements (sale of mineral rights and service for gold extraction) based on Company’s best estimate. 23

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 8. Income taxes a) Deferred income tax assets and liabilities Taxes losses carryforward 4,882 4,471 Employee post retirement obligations 674 684 Timing differences arising on assets 1,253 1,268 Allocated goodwill (2,328) (2,433) 494 448 Liabilities (1,532) (1,719) Changes in deferred tax are as follows: Balance at December 31, 2016 7,343 1,700 5,643 Timing differences arising on assets 103 - 103 Allocated goodwill - (109) 109 Transfers between asset and liabilities 40 40 - Other comprehensive income (68) 13 (81) Effect of discontinued operations Balance at December 31, 2017 6,638 1,719 4,919 Timing differences arising on assets 152 - 152 Allocated goodwill - (37) 37 Transfers between asset and liabilities (70) (70) - Other comprehensive income 123 22 101 Effect of discontinued operations Transfer to net assets held for sale (11) - (11) The tax loss carryforward does not expire in the Brazilian jurisdiction and their compensation is limited to 30% of the taxab le income for the year. The local profits of subsidiaries abroad are also taxed in Brazil and there is no restriction on their offset against tax losses generated previously by the foreign entity or by the Parent Company. 24 Balance at December 31, 20186,9081,532 5,376 Effect in income statement14-14 Translation adjustment(673)(102)(571) Effect in income statement887(37)924 Others(77)(77) Fair value of financial instruments147-147 Taxes losses carryforward665 665 Effect in income statement102-102 Translation adjustment(24)75(99) Effect in income statement(755)(109)(646) Others897897 Fair value of financial instruments388-388 Utilization of taxes losses carryforward(2,143) - (2,143) AssetsLiabilitiesDeferred taxes, net 5,376 4,919 Assets6,9086,638 Total5,376 4,919 Others(52)(77) Fair value of financial instruments538549 Provision for litigation409457 Temporary differences: December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated b) Income tax reconciliation – Income statement The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the statutory rate, as follows: 2018 2017 2016 Income taxes at statutory rates - 34% (2,317) (2,662) (2,715) Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders' equity 873 728 87 Equity results 104 35 107 Unrecognized tax losses of the year (458) (432) (708) Others (92) 408 474 (i) In 2018, the Company recognized tax loss carryforward from tax losses of subsidiary abroad. c) Tax incentives In Brazil, Vale has tax incentives to partially reduce the income tax generated by the operations conducted in the North and Northeast regions that includes iron ore, manganese, copper and nickel. The incentive is calculated based on the taxable income of the incentive activity (tax operating income) and takes into account the allocation of tax operating income into different incentives appli cable to different tranches of production during the periods specified for each product, usually 10 years. Most of our incentives are expected to expire up to 2024 and the last recognized tax incentive will expire in 2027. An amount equal to that obtained with the tax saving must be appropriated in retained earnings reserve account in stockholders’ equity, and cannot be distributed as dividends to stockholders. In addition to those incentives, the amount equivalent to 30% of the income tax due, can be reinvested in the acquisition of new machinery and equipment, subject to subsequent approval by the regulatory agency responsible, Superintendência de Desenvolvimento da Amazônia (“SUDAM”) and/or the Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (“SUDENE”). The reinvestment subsidy is accounted in retained earnings reserve account, which restricts the distribution as dividends to stockholders. This tax incentive will expire in 2023. Vale is subject to the revision of income tax by local tax authorities in a range up to 10 years depending on jurisdiction wh ere the Company operates. d) Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”) The balance mainly relates to REFIS to settle most of the claims related to the collection of income tax and social contribut ion on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012. As December 31, 2018, the balance of US$4,349 (US$432 as current and US$3,917 as non-current) is due in 118 remaining monthly installments, bearing interest at the SELIC rate (Special System for Settlement and Custody), while at December 31, 2017, the balance was US$5,375 (US$48 5 as current and US$4,890 as non-current). As at December 31, 2018, the SELIC rate was 6.50% per annum (7.00% per annum at December 31, 2017). 25 Income taxes172 (1,495) (2,781) Nondeductible effect of impairment(24)(43)(97) Additions (reversals) of tax loss carryforward (i)1,51099(273) Tax incentives576372344 Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes: Income before income taxes6,816 7,829 7,984 Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Accounting policy The recognition of income taxes as deferred taxes is based on temporary differences between carrying amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities as well as tax losses carryforwards. The deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right on the same taxable entity. The deferred tax assets arising from tax losses and temporary differences are not recognized when is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which temporary differences and/or tax losses can be utilized. Income taxes are recognized in the income statement, except for items recognized directly in stockholders’ equity. The provision for income tax is calculated individually for each entity of the Company based on Brazilian tax rates, on an accrual basis, by applying the differential between the nominal local tax rates (based on rules enacted in the location of the entity) and the Brazilian tax rate. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Deferred tax assets arising from tax losses, negative social contribution basis and temporary differences are registered taking into account the analysis of future performance, considering economic and financial projections, prepared based on internal assump tions and macroeconomic environment, trade and tax scenarios that may be subject to changes in the future. The assumptions of future profits are based on production and sales planning, commodity prices, operational costs and planned capital costs. 9. Basic and diluted earnings per share The basic and diluted earnings per share are presented below: Year ended December 31 Net income (loss) attributable to Vale's stockholders: Loss from discontinued operations (92) (806) (1,229) Weighted average number of shares outstanding - common shares 5,182,445 5,197,432 5,197,432 Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations: Basic and diluted loss per share from discontinued operations: Basic and diluted earnings per share: The Company does not have potential outstanding shares or other instruments with dilutive effect on the earnings per share. 10. Accounts receivable December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Expected credit loss (62) (60) 2018 2017 2016 There is no customer that individually represents over 10% of accounts receivable or revenues. 26 Impairment of accounts receivable recorded in the income statement(7) (4) (5) Year ended December 31 Revenue related to the steel sector - %85.50%82.90% 2,648 2,600 Accounts receivable2,710 2,660 Common share (US$)1.321.050.77 Common share (US$)(0.02)(0.16)(0.23) Common share (US$)1.341.211.00 Thousands of shares Net income6,860 5,507 3,982 Net income from continuing operations6,9526,3135,211 201820172016

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Accounting policy Accounts receivable is the total amount due from sale of products and services rendered by the Company. Accounts receivable consists of financial assets initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost, except for component of provisionally priced commodities sales that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). The portion of accounts receivables measured at amortized cost is subsequently measured using the effective interest (“EIR”) method and it is subject to impairment. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the economic environment and by any financial guarantees related to these accounts receivables. Commercial credit risk management - For the commercial credit exposure, which arises from sales to final customers, the risk management area, in accordance with the current delegation level, approves or requests the approval of credit risk limits for each counterparty. Vale attributes an internal credit risk rating for each counterparty using its own quantitative methodology for credit risk analysis, which is based on market prices, external credit ratings and financial information of the counterparty, as well as qualitative information regarding the counterparty’s strategic position and history of commercial relations. Based on the counterparty’s credit risk, risk mitigation strategies may be used to manage the Company`s credit risk. The main credit risk mitigation strategies include non-recourse sale of receivables, insurance instruments, letters of credit, corporate and bank guarantees, mortgages, among others. Vale has a diversified accounts receivable portfolio from a geographical standpoint, with Asia, Europe and Brazil the regions with more significant exposures. According to each region, different guarantees can be used to enhance the credit quality of the receivables. 11. Inventories Finished products 2,797 2,219 Consumable inventory 956 1,059 2018 2017 2016 Finished and work in progress product inventory by segments is presented in note 4(c). Accounting policy Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and the net realizable value. The inventory production cost is determined on the basis of variable and fixed costs, direct and indirect costs of production, using the average cost method. At each statement of financial position date, inventories are assessed for impairment and a provision for losses on obsolete or slow-moving inventory may be recognized. The write-downs and reversals are included in “Cost of goods sold and services rendered”. 27 Reversal (provision) for net realizable value4 (86) (199) Year ended December 31 Total4,443 3,926 Work in progress690648 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 12. Recoverable taxes Recoverable taxes are presented net of provisions for losses on tax credits. Value-added tax 813 887 Others 13 43 Non-current 751 638 13. Other financial assets and liabilities Current Non-Current Other financial assets Loans - - 153 151 Investments in equity securities (note 14) - - 987 - 435 2,022 3,144 3,232 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 470 104 344 686 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 1,407 1,233 Participative stockholders’ debentures At the time of its privatization in 1997, the Company issued debentures to then-existing stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The debentures’ terms were set to ensure that pre-privatization stockholders would participate in potential future benefits that might be obtained from exploration of mineral resources. A total of 388,559,056 debentures were issued with a par value of R$0.01 (one cent of Brazilian Real) and are inflation-indexed to the General Market Price Index (“IGP-M”), as set forth in the Issue Deed. The Company paid as remuneration the amount of US$148 and US$147, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. 28 1,604 986 2,711 2,894 Related parties (note 31) 1,134882960975 Other financial liabilities Related parties - Loans (note 31) 3641,8981,6122,628 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 39106392453 Financial investments 3218--December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Total1,634 1,810 Current8831,172 Total1,634 1,810 Brazilian federal contributions808880 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 14. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale and discontinued operations Fertilizers 90 Accounts receivable 110 Other current assets 2,149 Property, plant and equipment and Intangible Total assets 3,587 Liabilities 215 Other current liabilities Total liabilities 1,179 a) Fertilizers (discontinued operations) In January 2018, the Company and The Mosaic Company (“Mosaic”) concluded the transaction entered in December 2016, to sell (i) the phosphate assets located in Brazil, except for those located in Cubatão, Brazil; (ii) the control of Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C., in Peru; (iii) the potassium assets located in Brazil; and (iv) the potash projects in Canada. The Company received US$1,080 in cash and 34.2 million common shares, corresponding to 8.9% of Mosaic's outstanding common shares after the issuance of these shares totaling US$899, based on the Mosaic’s quotation at closing date of the transaction and a loss of US$55 was recognized in the income statement from discontinued operations. Mosaic’s shares received were accounted for as a financial investment measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. The Company recognized a gain of US$90 (US$60, net of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2018, in other comprehensive income as “Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities”. b) Cubatão (part of the fertilizer segment) In November 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Yara International ASA to sell its assets located in Cubatão, Brazil. In May 2018, the transaction was concluded and the Company received US$255 in cash and a loss of US$69 was recognized in the income statement from discontinued operations. The results for the years and the cash flows of discontinued operations are presented as follows: Income statement 2018 2017 2016 Net operating revenue 121 1,746 1,875 Operating expenses (4) (141) (130) Operating loss (127) (885) (1,880) Equity results in associates and joint ventures - (2) 3 Income taxes 40 102 630 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - (7) 2 29 Loss attributable to Vale's stockholders(92) (806) (1,229) Loss from discontinued operations(92) (813) (1,227) Loss before income taxes(132) (915) (1,857) Financial Results, net(5)(28)20 Impairment of non-current assets(124)(885)(1,738) Cost of goods sold and services rendered(120)(1,605)(1,887) Discontinued operations Year ended December 31 Net non-current assets held for sale 2,408 Other non-current liabilities 640 Suppliers and contractors 324 Other non-current assets 695 Investments in associates and joint ventures 83 Inventories 460 Assets December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated Statement of cash flow 2018 2017 2016 Cash flow from operating activities Adjustments: Depreciation, amortization and depletion - 1 347 Others 5 - (20) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (37) 87 180 Cash flow from investing activities Others - - 11 Loans and borrowings - (34) (17) Net cash used in financing activities Accounting policy A non-current asset is classified as held for sale if its carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. The criteria for recognition of the non-current assets as held for sale are only considered satisfied when the sale is highly probable and the asset (or group of assets) is available for immediate sale in its present condition. The Company measures the assets held for sale (or group of assets) at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value less costs to sell an impairment loss is recognized against income statement. Any subsequent reversal of impairment is recognized only to the extent of the loss previously recognized. The assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are presented separately in the statement of financial position. The classification as a discontinued operation occurs through disposal, or when the operation meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale if this occurs earlier. A discontinued operation is a component of a Company business comprising cash flows and operations that may be clearly distinct from the rest of the Company and that represents an important separate line of business or geographical area of operations. The result of discontinued operations is presented in a single amount in the income statement, including the results after income tax of these operations less any impairment loss. Cash flows attributable to operating, investing and financing activities of discontinued operations are disclosed in a separate note. When an operation is classified as a discontinued operation, the income statements of the prior periods are restated as if the operation had been discontinued since the beginning of the comparative period. Any noncontrolling interest relating to a group disposal held for sale is presented in the stockholders’ equity and is not reclassified in the statement of financial position. 30 Net cash used in discontinued operations(46) (252) (118) Repayments-(34)(17) Cash flow from financing activities Net cash used in investing activities(9) (305) (281) Additions to property, plant and equipment(9)(305)(292) Increase (decrease) in assets and liabilities(34)114(25) Impairment of non-current assets1248851,738 Equity results in associates and joint ventures-2(3) Loss before income taxes(132)(915)(1,857) Discontinued operations Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 15. Subsidiaries The significant consolidated entities in each business segment are as follows: % Noncontrolling interest Location Main activity/Business % Ownership % Voting capital Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba Brazil Iron ore 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) Brazil Iron ore 62.5% 98.3% 37.5% PT Vale Indonesia Indonesia Nickel 59.2% 59.2% 40.8% Vale Canada Limited Canada Nickel 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia Iron ore 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Vale Moçambique S.A. Mozambique Coal 80.7% 80.7% 19.3% Vale Oman Distribution Center LLC Oman Iron ore and pelletizing 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% As explained in note 14, the Fertilizer Segment is presented as discontinued operations, which includes the following subsidiaries: Direct and indirect subsidiaries Vale Fertilizantes S.A. Brazil Fertilizers 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Accounting policy Consolidation and investments in associates and joint ventures - The financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities and transactions of the Parent Company and its direct and indirect controlled entities (“subsidiaries”). The subsidiaries are consolidated when the Company is exposed or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to direct the significant activities of the investee. Intercompany balances and transactions, which include unrealized profits, are eliminated. The entities over which the Company has joint control (“joint ventures”) or significant influence, but not control (“associates”) are presented in note 16. Those investments are accounted for using the equity method. For interests in joint arrangements not classified as joint ventures (“joint operations”), the Company recognizes its share of assets, liabilities and net income. Unrealized gains on downstream or upstream transactions between the Company and its associates and joint ventures are eliminated proportionately to the Company’s interest. Investments held by other investors in Vale’s subsidiaries are classified as noncontrolling interests (“NCI”). The Company treats transactions with noncontrolling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Company as described in note 17. For purchases or disposals from noncontrolling interests, the difference between the consideration paid and the proportion acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is directly recorded in stockholders’ equity in “Results from operation with noncontrolling interest”. Translation from the functional currency to the presentation currency - The income statement and statement of financial position of the subsidiaries for which the functional currency is different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: (i) assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity, except for the components described in item (iii) are translated at the closing rate at the statement of financial position date; (ii) income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates, except for specific significant transactions that are translated at the rate at the transaction date and; (iii) capital, capital reserves and treasury stock are translated at the rate at each transaction date. All resulting exchange differences are recognized directly in the comprehensive income as “translation adjustments”. When a foreign operation is disposed of or sold, foreign exchange differences that were recognized in equity are recognized in the income of statement. 31 Vale Cubatão Fertilizantes Ltda.BrazilFertilizers100.0%100.0%0.0% Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C.PeruFertilizers40.0%51.0%60.0% Main% Noncontrolling Locationactivity/Business% Ownership% Voting capitalinterest Vale Oman Pelletizing Company LLCOmanPelletizing70.0%70.0%30.0% Vale Nouvelle Caledonie S.A.S.New CaledoniaNickel95.0%95.0%5.0% Vale Manganês S.A.BrazilManganese and ferroalloys100.0%100.0%0.0% Vale International S.A.SwitzerlandTrading and holding100.0%100.0%0.0% Vale International Holdings GmbHAustriaHolding and research100.0%100.0%0.0% Salobo Metais S.A.BrazilCopper100.0%100.0%0.0% Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A.BrazilIron ore and manganese100.0%100.0%0.0% Direct and indirect subsidiaries

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 16. Investments in associates and joint ventures The significant non-consolidated entities of the Company are as follows: Joint ventures Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização Brazil Pelletizing 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização Brazil Pelletizing 50.9% 51.0% 49.1% Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém ("CSP") Brazil Steel 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Nacala Corridor Holding Netherlands B.V. Netherlands Coal 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd. China Coal 25.0% 25.0% 75.0% a) Changes during the year Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures as follows: Associates Joint ventures Total Associates Joint ventures Total Additions (i) - 23 23 1 92 93 Equity results in income statement 44 261 305 57 41 98 Dividends declared - (291) (291) (57) (226) (283) Others 4 (15) (11) 5 141 146 (i) Refers to the Coal segment and others in the amounts of US$11 and US$12, respectively, on December 31, 2018 and US$75 and US$18, respectively, on December 31, 2017. (ii) Refers to 18% interest held by Vale Fertilizantes at Ultrafertil which was transferred to Vale as part of the settlement in January 2018 (note 14). The investments by segments are presented in note 4(c). b) Acquisitions and divestitures 2018 Ferrous Resources Limited – In December 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase the control of Ferrous Resources Limited, a company that currently owns and operates iron ore mines closely located to Company’s operations in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The purchase price is US$550 and the conclusion of transaction is expected to occur in 2019, subject to conditions precedent. New Steel - In January 2019 (subsequent event), the Company acquired for the total consideration of US$500 the control of New Steel Global NV, a company that develops innovative iron ore beneficiation technologies and currently owns patents of dry processing concentration in 56 countries. 32 Balance at December 31, 1,392 1,833 3,225 1,441 2,127 3,568 Transfer from non-current assets held for sale (ii) 87-87---Equity results in statement of comprehensive income ----(152)(152) Translation adjustment (184)(272)(456)(2)(28)(30) Balance at January 1st, 1,441 2,127 3,568 1,437 2,259 3,696 2018 2017 VLI S.A. BrazilLogistics37.6%37.6%62.4% Direct and indirect associates Samarco Mineração S.A. BrazilPelletizing50.0%50.0%50.0% MRS Logística S.A. BrazilLogistics48.2%46.8%51.8% Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização BrazilPelletizing51.0%51.1%49.0% Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização BrazilPelletizing50.9%51.0%49.1% Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. BrazilEnergy55.0%55.0%45.0% Main% Noncontrolling Locationactivity/Business% Ownership% Voting capitalinterest

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated 2017 Nacala Logistic Corridor - In March 2017, the Company concluded the transaction with Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui”) to transfer 50% of its stake of 66.7% in Nacala Logistic Corridor, which comprises entities that holds railroads and port concessions located in Mozambique and Malawi, and sell 15% participation in the holding entity of Vale Moçambique, which holds the Moatize Coal Project, for the amount of US$690. After the completion of the transaction, the Company (i) holds 81% of Vale Moçambique and retains the control of the Moatize Coal Project and (ii) shares control of the Nacala Logistic Corridor structure (Nacala BV), with Mitsui. As a consequence of sharing control of Nacala BV, the Company: (i) derecognized the assets and liabilities classified as held for sale in the total amount of US$4,144, from which US$4,063 refers to property, plant and equipment and intangibles; (ii) derecognized US$14 related to cash and cash equivalents; (iii) recognized a gain of US$447 in the income statement related to the sale and the re-measurement at fair value, of its remaining interest at Nacala BV based on the consideration received; (iv) reclassified the gain related to the cumulative translation adjustments on to income statements in the amount of US$11; The result of the transaction regarding the assets from Nacala’s logistic corridor was recognized in the income statement as “Impairment and disposal of non-current assets”. The results of the transaction with the coal holding entity was recognized in “Results from operation with noncontrolling interest” in the amount of US$105, directly in Stockholders’ Equity. The consideration received was recognized in the statement of cash flows in “Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments” in the amount of US$435 and “Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders” in the amount of US$255. After the conclusion of the transaction, Vale has outstanding loan balances with the related parties Nacala BV and Pangea Emirates Ltd due to the deconsolidation of Nacala Logistic Corridor as disclosed in note 31. 2016 Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd (“CSA”) – In April 2016, the Company sold 100% of its interest at CSA (26.87%) for a non-significant amount. The transaction resulted in a loss of US$75 due to recycling the “Cumulative translation adjustments” recognized in the income statement as “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. 33

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Investments in associates and joint ventures (continued) Year ended December 31 Year ended December 31 Ferrous minerals Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.00 50.00 104 89 69 50 17 32 19 26 Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização (i) 50.90 51.00 81 80 60 40 16 32 17 9 MRS Logística S.A. 48.16 46.75 496 517 72 69 57 27 29 10 Zhuhai YPM Pellet Co. 25.00 25.00 22 23 - - - - - - Coal 317 317 16 20 (4) - - - Korea Nickel Corp. 25.00 25.00 14 13 1 1 (1) - - 4 14 13 1 1 (4) - - 4 486 571 25 27 46 25 29 39 Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. (i) 55.00 55.00 247 200 77 42 33 31 27 4 California Steel Industries, Inc. 50.00 50.00 93 101 2 13 48 - 41 32 Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. 40.00 40.00 1,080 1,316 (129) (252) 138 56 97 76 (i) Although the Company held a majority of the voting capital, the entities are accounted under equity method due to the stockholders' agreement where relevant decisions are shared with other parties. 34 Total3,225 3,568 305 98 309 245 227 193 Others9222(5)(68)(8)--1 Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém50.0050.00-262(243)(264)25---Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A. (i)51.0051.0016216015(2)(6)---Others Others----(3)---Base metals Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd.25.0025.003173171620(4)---1,814 1,922 417 329 179 189 130 113 VLI S.A.37.6037.60857968302936719-Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização (i)51.0051.111481371269329672941 Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização (i)50.8951.008382554115231627 Baovale Mineração S.A.50.0050.00232657911-Associates and joint ventures% ownership% voting capitalDecember 31, 2018December 31, 2017201820172016 201820172016 Investments in associates and joint venturesEquity results in the income statementDividends received

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat c) Summarized financial information The summarized financial information about relevant associates and joint-ventures for the Company are as follows: Joint ventures Associates Current assets 186 693 964 263 1,104 679 Total assets 1,124 3,755 1,260 2,089 1,496 4,617 Current liabilities 83 970 437 359 203 544 Total liabilities 241 3,755 439 1,058 229 2,339 Joint ventures Associates Current assets 137 759 760 309 1,072 738 Total assets 1,337 4,471 1,070 2,372 1,494 4,910 Current liabilities 86 1,060 301 454 226 537 Total liabilities 299 3,947 306 1,298 226 2,336 (i) Aggregate entity information: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização. The stand-alone financial statements of those entities may differ from the financial information reported herein, which is prepared considering Vale’s accounting policies including eventual goodwill, provisional price adjustment and others. Accounting policy Joint arrangements investments - Joint arrangements are all entities over which the Company has shared control with one or more parties. Joint arrangement investments are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures depending on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor. The joint operations are recorded in the financial statements to represent the Company's contractual rights and obligations. Interests in joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, after initially being recognized at cost. The Company's investment in joint ventures includes the goodwill identified in the acquisition, net of any impairment loss. The Company's interest in the profits or losses of its joint ventures is recognized in the income statement and participation in the changes in reserves is recognized in the Company's reserves. When the Company's interest in the losses of an associate or joint venture is equal to or greater than the carrying amount of the investment, including any other receivables, the Company does not recognize additional losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the joint venture. 35 Net income (loss) 49 (528) 442 143 79 77 Stockholders'equity 1,038 524 764 1,074 1,268 2,574 Non-current liabilities 213 2,887 5 844 - 1,799 Non-current assets 1,200 3,712 310 2,063 422 4,172 Aliança Geração de Energia CSP Pelletizing (i) MRS Logística Henan Longyu VLI S.A. December 31, 2017 Net income (loss) 45 (486) 609 150 65 79 Stockholders'equity 883 - 821 1,030 1,267 2,278 Non-current liabilities 158 2,785 2 699 26 1,795 Non-current assets 938 3,062 296 1,826 392 3,938 Aliança Geração de Energia CSP Pelletizing (i) MRS Logística Henan Longyu VLI S.A. December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Critical accounting estimates and judgments Judgment is required in some circumstances to determine whether after considering all relevant factors, the Company has either control, joint control or significant influence over an entity. Significant influence includes situations of collective control. The Company holds the majority of the voting capital in five joint arrangements (Aliança Geração de Energia S.A., Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A., Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização), but management has concluded that the Company does not have a sufficiently dominant voting interest to have the power to direct the activities of the entity. As a result, these entities are accounted under equity method due to shareholder’s agreements where relevant decisions are shared with other parties. 17. Noncontrolling interest a) Summarized financial information The summarized financial information, prior to the eliminations of the intercompany balances and transactions, about subsidiaries with material noncontrolling interest are as follows: MBR PTVI VNC Vale Moçambique S.A. Others (i) Total Non-current assets 2,499 1,567 1,922 1,709 - Total assets 3,801 2,143 2,180 2,034 - Current liabilities 187 165 141 313 - Related parties - Stockholders 197 - 766 8,731 - Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 1,254 745 51 (1,290) 87 847 Net income (loss) 434 58 351 (985) - (i)Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing Compañia Mineradora Miski Mayo S.A.C. (i) Vale Moçambique S.A. MBR PTVI VNC Others (ii) Total Non-current assets 3,041 1,586 2,046 1,653 436 - Total assets 4,040 2,127 2,412 2,287 520 - Current liabilities 170 128 142 128 36 - Related parties - Stockholders 226 3 1,318 8,232 9 - Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 1,342 735 37 (1,101) 228 73 1,314 Net income (loss) 434 (15) (572) (659) (11) - (i) Discontinued operations (ii)Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing 36 Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests113----13126 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests174 (6) (28) (104) (6) (16) 14 Stockholders' equity3,3561,759730(6,105)380-Total liabilities684 368 1,682 8,392 142 - Non-current liabilities2882372223297-Related parties - Stockholders5911471152536-Current assets408 394 251 381 78 - December 31, 2017 Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests 168---14182 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 174 24 18 (190) 10 36 Stockholders' equity 3,1351,8251,017(7,089)-Total liabilities 666 318 1,163 9,123 - Non-current liabilities 28215325679-Related parties - Stockholders 7211115622-Current assets 581 465 202 303 - December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat December 31, 2016 Net income (loss) 400 2 (807) (541) 3 - - (i) Discontinued operation (ii) Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing The stand-alone financial statements of those entities may differ from the financial information reported herein, which is prepared considering Vale’s accounting policies including eventual goodwill, provisional price adjustment and others. 18. Intangibles Changes in intangibles are as follows: Balance at December 31, 2016 3,081 3,301 147 342 6,871 Disposals - (9) - - (9) Translation adjustment 65 (61) 7 3 14 Balance at December 31, 2017 4,110 4,002 152 229 8,493 Accumulated amortization - (1,073) (89) (1,325) (2,487) Additions - 855 - 7 862 Amortization - (135) (2) (99) (236) Balance at December 31, 2018 3,653 4,061 137 111 7,962 Accumulated amortization - (982) (64) (812) (1,858) a) Goodwill - The goodwill arose from the acquisition of iron ore and nickel businesses. In 2017, the goodwill was recognized on the acquisition of Vale controlling interest by Valepar, based on the expected future returns on the ferrous segment. As the fundamentals are still valid on the date of the merger of Valepar by Vale, the goodwill was fully recognized. The Company has not recognized the deferred taxes over the goodwill, since there are no differences between the tax basis and accounting basis. The Company asse sses annually the recoverable amount of the goodwill. b) Concessions - The concessions refer to the agreements with governments for the exploration and the development of ports and railways. The Company holds railway concessions which are valid over a certain period of time. Those assets are classified as intangible assets and amortized over the shorter of their useful lives and the concession term at the end of which they will be returned to the government. c) Right of use - Refers to intangible identified in the business combination of Vale Canada Limited (“Vale Canada”) and to the usufruct contract between the Company and noncontrolling stockholders to use the shares of Empreendimentos Brasileiros de Mineração S.A. (owner of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. shares). The amortization of the right of use will expire in 2037 and Vale Canada's intangible will end in September of 2046. Accounting policy Intangibles are carried at the acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. The estimated useful lives are as follows: Useful life Right of use 22 to 31 years 37 Software5 years Concessions3 to 50 years Balance at December 31, 2018 3,653 4,061 137 111 7,962 Cost 3,653 5,043 201 923 9,820 Translation adjustment (457)(634)(13)(24)(1,128) Disposals -(27)-(2)(29) Balance at December 31, 2017 4,110 4,002 152 229 8,493 Cost 4,110 5,075 241 1,554 10,980 Merger of Valepar (note 30) 964---964 Amortization -(209)(2)(142)(353) Additions - 980 - 26 1,006 GoodwillConcessionsRight of useSoftwareTotal Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests 263 - - - 11 17 291 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 165 1 (40) (27) 2 (107) (6) MBR PTVI VNC Vale Moçambique S.A. Compañia Mineradora Miski Mayo S.A.C. (i) Others (ii) Total

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 19. Property, plant and equipment Changes in property, plant and equipment are as follows: Mineral properties Constructions in progress Land Building Facilities Equipment Others Total Additions (i) - - - - - - 3,392 3,392 Assets retirement obligation - - - - 425 - - 425 Impairment (note 20) (20) - - (34) (131) - (86) (271) Transfers (65) 2,146 3,213 1,097 929 1,615 (8,935) - Cost 718 19,163 18,292 12,840 17,471 12,461 6,119 87,064 Balance at December 31, 2017 718 12,100 11,786 6,893 9,069 8,193 6,119 54,878 Disposals (11) (53) (93) (234) (8) (79) (92) (570) Depreciation, amortization and depletion - (531) (655) (847) (525) (653) - (3,211) Translation adjustment (84) (1,360) (1,471) (560) (864) (990) (468) (5,797) Balance at December 31, 2018 635 10,952 11,236 6,407 8,499 7,269 3,387 48,385 Accumulated depreciation - (7,315) (6,375) (6,017) (8,218) (4,428) - (32,353) (i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs. Disposals of assets The Company recognized a loss of US$322 and US$348 in the income statement as "Impairment and disposal of non-current assets" for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, due to non-viable projects and operating assets written off through sale or obsolescence. Additionally, in the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company concluded the sale of four VLOC’s and two Floating Transfer Stations in the amount of US$391. The Company recognized a loss of US$133 in the income statement as “Impairment and disposal of non-current assets”. Accounting policy Property, plant and equipment are recorded at the cost of acquisition or construction, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment charges. Mineral properties developed internally are determined by (i) direct and indirect costs attributed to build the mining facili ties, (ii) financial charges incurred during the construction period, (iii) depreciation of other fixed assets used during construction, (iv) estimated decommissioning and site restoration expenses, and (v) other capitalized expenditures during the development phase (phase when the project demonstrates its economic benefit to the Company, and the Company has ability and intention to complete the project). The depletion of mineral properties is determined based on the ratio between production and total proven and probable mineral reserves. Property, plant and equipment, other than mineral properties are depreciated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives, from the date on which the assets become available for their intended use and are capitalized, except for land which is not depreciated. 38 Balance at December 31, 2018 635 10,952 11,236 6,407 8,499 7,269 3,387 48,385 Cost635 18,267 17,611 12,424 16,717 11,697 3,387 80,738 Transfers128061,6871,176381829(4,891)-Impairment (note 20)-(10)(18)(21)-(31)(104)(184) Assets retirement obligation----446--446 Additions (i) - - - - - - 2,823 2,823 Accumulated depreciation-(7,063)(6,506)(5,947)(8,402)(4,268)-(32,186) Balance at December 31, 2017 718 12,100 11,786 6,893 9,069 8,193 6,119 54,878 Translation adjustment 79(122)(105)(83)222293858 Depreciation, amortization and depletion -(587)(736)(814)(618)(754)-(3,509) Disposals -(11)(57)(67)(138)(212)(151)(636) Balance at December 31, 2016 724 10,674 9,471 6,794 8,380 7,515 11,861 55,419

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat The estimated useful lives are as follows: Useful life Facilities 3 to 50 years Others: Wagon 30 to 44 years Ships 20 years The residual values and useful lives of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted if necessary. Expenditures and stripping costs (i) Exploration and evaluation expenditures - Expenditures on mining research are accounted for as operating expenses until the effective proof of economic feasibility and commercial viability of a given field can be demonstrated. From then on, the expenditures incurred are capitalized as mineral properties. (ii) Expenditures on feasibility studies, new technologies and other researches - The Company also conducts feasibility studies for many businesses which it operates including researching new technologies to optimize the mining process. After these costs are proven to generate future benefits to the Company, the expenditures incurred are capitalized. (iii) Maintenance costs - Significant industrial maintenance costs, including spare parts, assembly services, and others, are recorded in property, plant and equipment and depreciated through the next programmed maintenance overhaul. (iv) Stripping Costs - The costs associated with the removal of overburden and other waste materials (“stripping costs”) incurred during the development of mines, before production takes place, are capitalized as part of the depreciable cost of the minera l properties. These costs are subsequently amortized over the useful life of the mine. Post-production stripping costs are included in the cost of inventory, except when a new project is developed to permit access to a significant ore deposits. In such cases, the cost is capitalized as a non-current asset and is amortized during the extraction of the ore deposits, over the useful life of the ore deposits. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Mineral reserves - The estimates of proven and probable reserves are regularly evaluated and updated. These reserves are determined using generally accepted geological estimates. The calculation of reserves requires the Company to make assumption s about expected future conditions that are uncertain, including future ore prices, exchange rates, inflation rates, mining technology, availability of permits and production costs. Changes in assumptions could have a significant impact on the proven and probab le reserves of the Company. The estimated volume of mineral reserves is used as basis for the calculation of depletion of the mineral properties, and also for the estimated useful life which is a major factor to quantify the provision for asset retirement obligation, environmental recovery of mines and impairment of long lived asset. Any changes to the estimates of the volume of mine reserves and the useful lives of assets may have a significant impact on the depreciation, depletion and amortization charges and assessments of impairment. 39 Others 2 to 50 years Railway equipment 5 to 33 years Locomotives 12 to 25 years Equipment 3 to 40 years Buildings 15 to 50 years

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 20. Impairment and onerous contracts The impairment losses (reversals) recognized in the year are presented below: Income statement Segments by class of assets Assets or cash-generating unit 2018 2017 2016 Iron ore North system - - (160) Base metals – nickel Stobie (VCL) - 133 - Base metals – nickel Nouvelle Caledonie (VNC) - - 284 Impairment of non-current assets 184 271 917 Onerous contracts 393 - 257 a) Impairment of non-financial assets The Company has carried out an impairment test for the assets for which triggering event was identified. The recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of value in use (“VIU”) and fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”). The recoverable amount of each Cash Generating Unit (“CGU”) under the impairment testing was assessed using FVLCD model, through discounted cash flow techniques, which is classified as “level 3” in the fair value hierarchy. The cash flows were discounted using a post-tax discount rate ranging from 6% to 10%, which represents an estimate of the rate that a market participant would apply having regard to the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. The Company used its weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) as a starting point for determining the discount rates, with appropriate adjustments for the risk profile of the countries in which the individual CGU operates. Iron ore and pellets - During 2018, the Company did not identify any changes in the circumstances or indicators that would require reassessment of the carrying amount of the iron ore and pellets CGUs. Of the total goodwill (note 18), US$1,841 is allocated to the group of ferrous mineral CGUs. The impairment analysis based on FVLCD model demonstrates that there was no impairment loss in relation to the individual CGUs or goodwill. In 2016, based on the market circumstances, the Company decided to resume Norte ́s system pelletizing plant, based on the studies carried out by management that demonstrated its economic feasibility. Accordingly, the Company reversed the full impairments of US$160 recorded in 2013 and 2015. Coal - Based on the 2018 impairment triggering assessment, the Company has identified trigger of impairment in the Mozambique CGU driven by the lower than planned production volumes during the year. The Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model and concluded that there were no changes in the impairment recognized in 2015. In 2016, the mining plans for the coal assets in Australia were revised and an impairment loss of US$27 was recognized in the income statement. Nickel (Onça Puma) - In September 2017, the Federal Court granted an injunction suspending the nickel mining operations at Onça Puma (base metals segment). The Company has appealed this decision to seek a suspension of this injunction, but it is not possible to anticipate when Onça Puma activities will resume. On the assumption that the Company will be able to operate this asset in the future, the Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model assuming different returning of operations scenarios and concluded that no impairment loss should be booked. Nickel (Others) - In addition, the Company did not identify any changes in the circumstances or indicators during 2018 that would require reassessment of the carrying amount of the other Nickel CGUs. Of the total goodwill (note 18), US$1,812 is allocated to the group of nickel CGUs. The impairment analysis based on FVLCD model demonstrates that there was no impairment loss in relation to the individual CGUs or goodwill. 40 Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts 577 271 1,174 Several segmentsOther assets184138135 Base metals – nickelNewfoundland (VNL)--631 CoalAustralia--27 Property, plant and equipment and intangible Impairment (reversals)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat In 2017, an underground mine in Sudbury (Stobie) was affected by seismic activities and the cost to repair the asset is deemed not recoverable in the current market conditions. Therefore, the Company has placed this asset on “care and maintenance” and an impairment of US$133 was recognized in the income statement. In 2016, the decrease in long term nickel price projections, that significantly reduced the recoverable amounts of the VNL and VNC CGUs, associated with significant capital investments in new processing facilities in recent years, resulted in impairment losses of US$631 and US$284, respectively. Other assets – The Company has undertaken a review on the business plan of its biological assets leading to a reduction in the expected operational capacity of these assets. The Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model and an impairment loss of US$184 was recognized in the income statement. b) Onerous contract In 2018, the Company recognized a provision of US$393 (2016: US$257) for the costs in respect of certain long-term contracts in the Midwest system for fluvial transportation and port structure, with minimum guaranteed volume. Accounting policy Impairment of non-financial assets - Non-financial assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount might not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset´s carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”) and value in use (”VIU”). FVLCD is generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset from a market participant’s perspective, including any expansion prospects. VIU model is determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present form. Value in use is determined by applying assumptions specific to the Company’s continued use and cannot take into account future development. These assumptions are different to those used in calculating fair value and consequently the VIU calculation is likely to give a different result to a FVLCD calculation. Assets that have an indefinite useful life and are not subject to amortization, such as goodwill, are tested annually for impairment. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (CGU). Goodwill is allocated to Cash Generating Units or Cash Generating Units groups that are expected to benefit from the business combinations in which the goodwill arose and are identified in accordance with the operating segment. Non-current assets (excluding goodwill) in which the Company recognized impairment in the past are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the impairment may no longer be applicable. In such cases, an impairment reversal will be recognized. Onerous Contracts - For certain long-term contracts, a provision is recognized when the present value of the unavoidable cost to meet the Company’s obligation exceeds the economic benefits that could be received from those contracts. Critical accounting estimates and judgments The Company determines its cash flows based on the budgets approved by management, which require the use of the following assumptions: (i) mineral reserves and mineral resources measured by internal experts; (ii) costs and investments based on the best estimate of projects as supported by past performance; (iii) sale prices consistent with projections available in reports published by industry considering the market price when appropriate; (iv) the useful life of each cash-generating unit (ratio between production and mineral reserves); and (v) discount rates that reflect specific risks relating to the relevant assets in each cash-generating unit. These assumptions are subject to risk and uncertainty. Hence, there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will change these projections, which may affect the recoverable amount of the assets. 41

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 21. Loans, borrowings and cash and cash equivalents a) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents includes cash, immediately redeemable deposits and short-term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value. They are readily convertible to cash, part in R$, indexed to the Brazilian Interbank Interest rate (“DI Rate ”or”CDI”) and part denominated in US$, mainly time deposits. b) Loans and borrowings As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, loans and borrowings are secured by property, plant and equipment and receivables in the amount of US$221 and US$275, respectively. The securities issued through Vale’s wholly-owned finance subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Vale. i) Total debt December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 US$ 256 649 10,300 16,060 R$ 492 515 2,940 3,368 Accrued charges 230 522 8 12 The future flows of debt payments principal and interest are as follows: Estimated future interest payments (i) Principal 2020 1,053 799 2022 1,872 662 2028 onwards 5,188 3,794 (i) Based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as at December 31, 2018 and considering that the payments of principal will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated interest not yet accrued and the interest already recognized in the financial statements. ii) Reconciliation of debt to cash flows arising from financing activities Loans and borrowings Additions 1,225 Interest paid (1,121) Interest accretion 1,121 (i) In 2018, the Company conducted a cash tender offer for Vale Overseas’ 5.875% guaranteed notes due 2021, 6.875% guaranteed notes due 2036, 4.375% guaranteed notes due 2022 and a cash tender offer for Vale S.A.’ 5.625% guaranteed notes due 2042 and repurchased a total of US$3,730. The Company also redeemed all of Vale Overseas’ 4.625% guaranteed notes due 2020 totaling US$499. 42 December 31, 201815,466 Non-cash changes714 Effect of exchange rate(407) Cash flow from financing activities(7,737) Repayments (i)(7,841) December 31, 201722,489 Total 15,228 8,950 Between 2023 and 2027 5,1092,132 2021 1,233732 2019 773 831 Total1,003 1,703 14,463 20,786 Other currencies2517127206 EUR--1,0881,140 Principal in: Current liabilitiesNon-current liabilities

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Accounting policy Loans and borrowings are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the Income statement over the period of the loan, using the effective interest rate method. The fees paid in obtaining the loan are recognized as transaction costs. Loans and borrowing costs are capitalized as part of property, plants and equipment if those costs are directly related to a qualified asset. The capitalization occurs until the qualified asset is ready for its intended use. The average capitalization rate is 17%. Borrowing costs that are not capitalized are recognized in the income statement in the period in which they are incurred. Liquidity risk - The revolving credit facilities available today were provided by a syndicate of several global commercial banks. To mitigate liquidity risk, Vale has two revolving credit facilities, which will mature in 2020 and 2022, in the available amount of US$5,000 to assist the short term liquidity management and to enable more efficiency in cash management, being consistent with the strategic focus on cost of capital reduction. As of December 31, 2018 these lines are undrawn. Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain financial covenants. The primary financial covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA and interest coverage. The Company has not identified any instances of noncompliance as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. 22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures In March 2016 Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (“BHPB”), entered into an Agreement (“Framework Agreement”) with the Brazilian federal government, the two Brazilian states (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities, in connection with the lawsuit related to the Samarco dam failure (note 28d), in order to implement the programs for remediation and compensation of the areas and communities affected. The Framework Agreement has a 15-year term, renewable for successive one-year periods until all the obligations under the Framework Agreement have been satisfied. Under the Framework Agreement, Samarco, Vale S.A. and BHPB have established a foundation (“Fundação Renova” or “Foundation”) to develop and implement social and economic remediation and compensation, to be funded by Samarco. To the extent that Samarco does not meet its funding obligations to the foundation, each of Vale S.A. and BHPB will provide, under the terms of the Framework Agreement, funds to the Foundation in proportion to its 50% equity interest in Samarco. As a consequence of the dam failure, governmental authorities ordered the suspension of Samarco’s operations. Due to the uncertainties regarding Samarco's future cash flow, Vale S.A. maintains a provision for the obligation to comply with the reparation and compensation programs under the Framework Agreement (pro rata to its proportional equity interest in Samarco). The changes in the provisions are as follows: Balance at January 01, 996 1,077 Present value valuation 165 182 Translation adjustment (153) (7) Non-current liabilities 832 670 In 2018, the Fundação Renova reviewed the estimates for the expenditures required to mitigate and compensate for the impacts of the disruption from Samarco’s tailing dam. As a result of this revision, Vale S.A. recognized in 2018 an additional provision of US$403 (R$1,523 million), which amounts to the present value of Vale’s new estimated secondary responsibility to support the Renova Foundation works and is equivalent to 50% of Samarco’s additional obligations over the next 12 years. 43 Liabilities1,121 996 Current liabilities289326 Balance at December 31,1,121 996 Provision increase40338 Payments(290) (294) 20182017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat In addition to the provision above, Vale S.A. made available in the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 the amount of US$84 and US$142, respectively, which was fully used to fund Samarco’s working capital and was recognized in Vale´s income statement as an expense in “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. Vale S.A. intends to make available until June 30, 2019 short-term facilities up to US$88 to support Samarco’s cash necessity, without any binding obligation to Samarco in this regard. Such support will be released simultaneously with BHPB, and pursuant to the same amounts, terms and conditions, subject to the fulfillment of certain milestones. The summarized financial information of Samarco are as follows: Current assets 54 66 Total assets 3,497 6,082 Current liabilities 6,069 5,481 Total liabilities 10,003 9,117 Under Brazilian legislation and the terms of the joint venture agreement, Vale does not have an obligation to provide funding to Samarco. Therefore, Vale’s investment in Samarco was impaired in full and no provision was recognized in relation to the Samarco’s negative reserves. Critical accounting estimates and judgments The provision requires the use of assumptions that may be mainly affected by: (i) changes in scope of work required under the Framework Agreement as a result of further technical analysis and the ongoing negotiations with the Federal Prosecution Office, (ii) resolution of uncertainty in respect of the resumption of Samarco´s operations; (iii) updates in the discount rate; and (iv) resolution of existing and potential legal claims. As a result, future expenditures may differ from the amounts currently provided and changes to key assumptions could result in a material impact to the amount of the provision in future reporting periods. At each reporting period, Vale S.A. will reassess the key assumptions used by Samarco in the preparation of the projected cash flows and will adjust the provision, if required. 44 Loss(1,257)(930) Negative reserves(6,506)(3,035) Non-current liabilities3,9343,636 Non-current assets3,4436,016 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 23. Financial instruments classification The Company classifies its financial instruments in accordance with the purpose for which they were acquired, and determines the classification and initial recognition according to the following categories: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments - - 32 32 18 - 18 Accounts receivable 2,756 - (108) 2,648 2,430 170 2,600 8,904 - (37) 8,867 8,674 276 8,950 Derivative financial instruments - - 392 392 - 453 453 Loans 153 - - 153 151 - 151 1,765 987 392 3,144 2,779 453 3,232 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 3,512 - - 3,512 4,041 - 4,041 Loans and borrowings 1,003 - - 1,003 1,703 - 1,703 5,649 - 470 6,119 6,626 104 6,730 Derivative financial instruments - - 344 344 - 686 686 Related parties 960 - - 960 975 - 975 15,423 - 1,751 17,174 21,761 1,919 23,680 The classification of financial assets and liabilities by currencies are as follows: Financial assets R$ US$ CAD EUR Others currencies Total Cash and cash equivalents 2,765 2,883 23 12 101 5,784 Derivative financial instruments 30 9 - - - 39 Related parties - 364 - - - 364 Non-current Investments in equity securities - 987 - - - 987 Related parties - 1,612 - - - 1,612 Total of financial assets 3,628 8,243 27 12 101 12,011 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 1,791 1,182 292 141 106 3,512 Loans and borrowings 532 410 25 36 - 1,003 3,481 2,038 317 177 106 6,119 Derivative financial instruments 321 23 - - - 344 Related parties 65 895 - - - 960 4,741 11,218 127 1,088 - 17,174 45 Total of financial liabilities8,222 13,256 444 1,265 106 23,293 Participative stockholders' debentures1,407----1,407 Loans and borrowings2,94810,3001271,088-14,463 Non-current Related parties769365---1,134 Derivative financial instruments 38981---470 Current 385 2,759 - - - 3,144 Loans5148---153 Derivative financial instruments 38012---392 3,243 5,484 27 12 101 8,867 Accounts receivable 4472,1974--2,648 Financial investments 131---32 Current December 31, 2018 Total of financial liabilities 21,072 - 2,221 23,293 28,387 2,023 30,410 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 1,407 1,407 - 1,233 1,233 Loans and borrowings 14,463 - - 14,463 20,786 - 20,786 Non-current Related parties 1,134 - - 1,134 882 - 882 Derivative financial instruments - - 470 470 - 104 104 Current Total of financial assets 10,669 987 355 12,011 11,453 729 12,182 Related parties 1,612 - - 1,612 2,628 - 2,628 Investments in equity securities - 987 - 987 - - - Non-current Related parties 364 - - 364 1,898 - 1,898 Derivative financial instruments - - 39 39 - 106 106 Cash and cash equivalents 5,784 - - 5,784 4,328 - 4,328 Financial assets Amortized cost At fair value through OCI At fair value through profit or loss Total Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through profit or loss Total

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments 1 17 - - - 18 Accounts receivable 246 2,334 6 14 2,600 2,097 6,690 54 11 98 8,950 Derivative financial instruments 384 69 - - - 453 Related parties - 2,628 - - - 2,628 Total of financial assets 2,486 9,533 54 11 98 12,182 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 2,464 1,108 386 49 34 4,041 Loans and borrowings 768 880 18 37 - 1,703 3,327 2,879 404 86 34 6,730 Derivative financial instruments 638 48 - - - 686 Related parties 78 897 - - - 975 5,328 17,005 207 1,140 - 23,680 Accounting policy The Company classifies financial instruments based on its business model for managing the assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of those assets. The business model test determines the classification based on the business purpose for holding the asset and whether the contractual cash flows represent only payments of principal and interest. Financial instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless certain conditions are met that permit measurement at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”) or amortized cost. Gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income for debt instruments are recognized in profit or loss only on disposal. Investments in equity instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless they are eligible to be measured at FVOCI. The Company recognizes equity instruments and gains and losses are never being recycled to profit or loss. Information about the Company’s exposure to credit risk is set out in note 33. All financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method. Participative stockholders' debentures and Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss. 46 Total of financial liabilities8,655 19,884 611 1,226 34 30,410 Participative stockholders' debentures1,233----1,233 Loans and borrowings3,37916,0602071,140-20,786 Non-current Related parties-882---882 Derivative financial instruments959---104 Current 389 2,843 - - - 3,232 Loans5146---151 Non-current Related parties-1,898---1,898 Derivative financial instruments6046---106 Cash and cash equivalents1,7902,3954811844,328 Financial assetsR$US$CADEUR Others currenciesTotal

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 24. Fair value estimate Due to the short-term cycle, it is assumed that the fair value of cash and cash equivalents balances, financial investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their book values. For the measurement and determination of fair value, the Company uses various methods including market, income or cost approaches, in order to estimate the value that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are classified and disclosed in accordance with the following levels: Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices on an active, liquid and visible market for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at t he measurement date; Level 2 - Quoted prices (adjusted or unadjusted) for identical or similar assets or liabilities on active markets; and Level 3 - Assets and liabilities, for which quoted prices, do not exist, or where prices or valuation techniques are supported by little or no market activity, unobservable or illiquid. a) Assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Financial investments 32 - - 32 - - - Accounts receivable - (108) - (108) 170 - 170 Total 1,019 28 295 1,342 459 270 729 Financial liabilities Participative stockholders' debentures - 1,407 - 1,407 1,233 - 1,233 The Company changed its accounting estimate on the calculation of the participative stockholders’ debentures from January 1, 2018. The Company has replaced in the calculation the assumption of spot price at the reporting date to the weighted average price traded on the market within the last month of the quarter. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, or between Level 2 and Level 3 in the year ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2018: Financial assets Financial liabilities 25 (31) Gain and losses recognized in income statement Methods and valuation techniques i) Derivative financial instruments Derivative financial instruments are evaluated through the use of market curves and prices impacting each instrument at the closing dates, detailed in the item "market curves” (note 34). For the pricing of options, the Company often uses the Black & Scholes model. In this model, the fair value of the derivative is determined basically as a function of the volatility and the price of the underlying asset, the strike price of the option, the risk free interest rate and the option maturity. In the case of options where payoff is a function of the average price of the underlying asset over a certain period during the life of the option, the Company uses Turnbull & Wakeman model. In this model, in addition to the factors that influence the option price in the Black-Scholes model, the formation period of the average price is also considered. 47 Balance at December 31, 2018295178 Balance at December 31, 2017270209 Derivative financial instruments Total-2,043 178 2,221 1,814 209 2,023 Derivative financial instruments-636178814581209790 Investments in equity securities987--987---Derivative financial instruments-136295431289270559 Financial assets December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat In the case of swaps, both the present value of the long and short positions are estimated by discounting their cash flows by the interest rate in the related currency. The fair value is determined by the difference between the present value of the long and short positions of the swap in the reference currency. For the swaps indexed to TJLP, the calculation of the fair value assumes that TJLP is constant, that is, the projections of future cash flows in Brazilian Reais are made considering the last TJLP disclosed. Forward and future contracts are priced using the future curves of their corresponding underlying assets. Typically, these curves are obtained on the stock exchanges where these assets are traded, such as the London Metals Exchange (“LME”), the Commodity Exchange (“COMEX”) or other providers of market prices. When there is no price for the desired maturity, Vale uses an interpolation between the available maturities. The fair value of derivatives within level 3 is estimated using discounted cash flows and option model valuation techniques with unobservable inputs of discount rates, stock prices and commodities prices. ii) Participative stockholders’ debentures - Consist of the debentures issued during the privatization process (note 13), for which fair values are measured based on the market approach. Reference prices are available on the secondary market. Critical accounting estimates and judgments The fair values of financial instruments that are not traded in active markets are determined using valuation techniques. Vale uses its own judgment to choose between the various methods. Assumptions are based on the market conditions, at the end of the year. An analysis of the impact if actual results are different from management's estimates is present on note 34 (sensitivity analysis). b) Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value The fair value estimate for level 1 is based on market approach considering the secondary market contracts. For loans allocated to level 2, the income approach is adopted and the fair value for both fixed-indexed rate debt and floating rate debt is determined on a discounted cash flow basis using LIBOR future values and Vale’s bonds curve. The fair values and carrying amounts of loans and borrowings are as follows: Financial liabilities Balance Fair value Level 1 Level 2 15,228 16,262 10,686 5,576 Debt principal December 31, 2017 48 Debt principal21,95523,08814,9358,153 December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 25. Derivative financial instruments a) Derivatives effects on statement of financial position Assets Current Non-current Current Non-current Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap 7 84 9 82 Pré-dolar swap 19 1 22 32 Commodities price risk Bunker oil 1 - 15 - 1 303 - 309 Liabilities Current Non-current Current Non-current Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap 35 47 41 Pré-dolar swap 10 18 5 24 Commodities price risk Bunker oil 29 - - - - 179 - 211 b) Effects of derivatives on the income statement, cash flow and other comprehensive income Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement 2018 2017 2016 Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap (23) 43 78 - 46 (46) Euro forward (279) 313 959 Nickel (25) 30 (42) (19) (50) 226 Others 32 191 74 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting - - (3) 49 Total(266) 454 1,256 Foreign exchange--(3) Bunker oil6(80)268 Commodities price risk Pré-dolar swap(23)3677 Eurobonds swap(27)36(19) CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap(206)152869 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting Year ended December 31 Total470 344 104 686 Others (note 34)-179-211 37 2 - - Nickel82--433 163 104 475 Eurobonds swap5-4-CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap3839895410 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Total39 392 106 453 Others (note 34)1303-309 3 - 37 3 Nickel2-223 35 89 69 141 Eurobonds swap-4-27 CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap9-38-Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Year ended December 31 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (135) (181) (513) Eurobonds swap (3) (39) (142) (121) (241) (770) Nickel 8 4 (30) 57 1 (829) Others (3) - - Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting - - (3) Gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income 2018 2017 2016 Foreign exchange - - 2 The maturity dates of the derivative financial instruments are as follows: Currencies and interest rates December 2027 Nickel December 2020 c) Hedge in foreign operations As at December 31, 2018 the carrying value of the debts designated as instrument hedge of the Company’s investment in foreign operations (Vale International S.A. and Vale International Holding GmbH; hedging objects) are US$2,467 and EUR750, respectively. The foreign exchange losses of US$823 (US$543, net of taxes) and US$144 (US$95, net of taxes), were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively in the “Cumulative translation adjustments” in stockholders’ equity. This hedge was highly effective throughout the year ended December 31, 2018. Accounting policy The Company uses financial instruments to hedge its exposure to certain market risks arising from operational, financing and investing activities. Derivatives are included within financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit or loss unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. At the beginning of the hedge operations, the Company documents the type of hedge, the relation between the hedging instrument and hedged items, its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge operations. The Company also documents, both at hedge inception and on an ongoing basis that the hedge is expected to continue to be highly effective. The Company adopts the hedge accounting procedure and designates certain derivatives as shows below: Cash flow hedge - The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in equity within "Unrealized fair value gain (losses)". The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized in profit or loss when the transaction is recognized in the income statement. 50 OthersDecember 2027 Bunker oilJune 2019 Last maturity dates Total-- 2 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting Year ended December 31 Total(67) (240) (1,602) Foreign exchange--(3) Bunker oil49(3)(799) Commodities price risk Pré-dolar swap10(1)(90) IPCA swap7(20)(25) Foreign exchange and interest rate risk 2018 2017 2016 Financial settlement inflows (outflows)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Net investment hedge - Hedges of net investments in foreign operations are accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges. Any gain or loss on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of the hedge is recognized in equity within "Cumulative translation adjustments". The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement. Gains and losses accumulated in equity are included in the statement of income when the foreign operation is partially or fully disposed of or sold. Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss - Certain derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in the fair value of any of these derivative instruments are recognized immediately in the income statement. 26. Provisions December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Onerous contracts 60 102 642 364 Asset retirement obligations (note 27) 85 87 3,030 3,081 Employee postretirement obligations (note 29) 72 74 1,864 2,030 (i) In 2018, the Company recognized an obligation in the amount of US$229 related to certain environmental obligation that became effective from the current year due to changes in the regulation in place. 27. Asset retirement obligations Provision is made for expected costs for the closure of the mines and deactivation of the related mining assets. Changes in the provision for asset retirement obligations and long-term interest rates (per annum, used to discount these obligations to present value and to update the provisions) are as follows: Balance at beginning of the year 3,168 2,519 Settlements (259) (60) Translation adjustment (270) 96 Transfer to net assets held for sale - (77) Non-current 3,030 3,081 Long-term interest rates (per annum) Canada 0.77% 0.57% Accounting policy When the provision is recognized, the corresponding cost is capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment and it is depreciated over the useful life of the related mining asset, resulting in an expense recognized in the income statement. The long-term liability is discounted at presented value using a long-term risk free discount rate applicable to the liability and the unwinds are recorded in the income statement and is reduced by payments for mine closure and decommissioning of mining assets. The accrued amounts of these obligations are not deducted from the potential costs covered by insurance or indemnities. 51 Other regions1.33% - 8.59%0.72% - 6.13% Brazil4.94%5.34% 3,115 3,168 Current8587 Balance at end of the year3,115 3,168 Effect of discontinued operations Revisions on cash flows estimates461620 Present value valuation15 70 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Provisions 1,363 1,394 7,095 7,027 Provisions for litigation (note 28) --1,3571,473 Environmental obligations (i) 1003020279 Payroll, related charges and other remunerations 1,046 1,101 - - Current liabilitiesNon-current liabilities

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Critical accounting estimates and judgments Judgment is required to determine key assumptions used on the asset retirement obligation measurement such as, interest rate, cost of closure, useful life of the mining asset considering the current conditions of closure and the projected date of depletion of each mine. Any changes in these assumptions may significantly impact the recorded provision. Therefore, the estimated costs for closure of the mining assets are deemed to be a critical accounting estimate. These estimates are annually reviewed. 28. Litigation a) Provision for litigation Vale is party to labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits, at administrative and court levels. Provisions for losses resulting from lawsuits are estimated and updated by the Company, based on analysis from the Company’s legal consultants. Changes in provision for litigation are as follows: Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Additions and reversals, net 22 17 126 4 169 Indexation and interest 10 35 37 (1) 81 Merger of Valepar (note 30) (i) 631 - - - 631 Additions and reversals, net 17 65 106 (3) 185 Additions - discontinued operations 21 1 16 - 38 Translation adjustment (114) (25) (85) (1) (225) (i) refers to litigations of PIS/COFINS of interest on capital. i. Provisions for labor litigation - Consist of lawsuits filed by employees and service suppliers, related to employment relationships mainly in Brazil. The relevant claims are related to payment for overtime work, commuting time, and health and safety conditions. Also the Brazilian national social security institute (“INSS”) contingencies are related to legal and administrative disputes between INSS and Vale due to applicability of compulsory social security charges. b) Contingent liabilities Contingent liabilities are administrative and judicial claims, with expectation of loss classified as possible, and for which the recognition of a provision is not considered necessary by the Company, based on legal advice. The contingent liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Civil litigation 1,957 1,623 Environmental litigation 1,051 2,190 i - Tax litigation - Our most significant tax-related contingent liabilities result from disputes related to (i) the deductibility of our payments of social security contributions on the net income (“CSLL”) from our taxable income, (ii) challenges of certain tax credits we deducted from our PIS and COFINS payments, (iii) assessments of CFEM (“royalties”), and (iv) charges of value-added tax on services and circulation of goods (“ICMS”), especially relating to certain tax credits we claimed from the sale and transmission of energy, ICMS charges to anticipate the payment in the entrance of goods to Pará State and ICMS/penalty charges on our own transportation. The changes reported in the period resulted, mainly, from the exclusion of the tax cases related to IPI, PIS and COFINS (isolated fine), IRPJ and ICMS (PRCT) and due to the new proceedings related to IRPJ, CSLL, ICMS, ISS and IPTU and the application interest and inflation adjustments to the disputed amounts. 52 Total13,124 14,605 Labor litigation1,4751,952 Tax litigation8,641 8,840 Balance at December 31, 2018 692 166 496 3 1,357 Indexation and interest 23 17 (7) (1) 32 Payments (5) (23) (116) (2) (146) Balance at December 31, 2017 750 131 582 10 1,473 Translation adjustment (10) (2) (10) - (22) Payments (117) (3) (105) - (225) Balance at December 31, 2016 214 84 534 7 839

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat ii - Civil litigation - Most of those claims have been filed by suppliers for indemnification under construction contracts, primarily relating to certain alleged damages, payments and contractual penalties. A number of other claims are related to contractual disputes regarding inflation index. The changes reported in the period resulted, mainly from reviewing the process related to commercial divergences of supply contracts. iii - Labor litigation - Represents individual claims by employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, commuting time or health and safety conditions; and the Brazilian national social security institute (“INSS”) regarding contributions on compensation programs based on profits. iv - Environmental litigation - The most significant claims concern alleged procedural deficiencies in licensing processes, non-compliance with existing environmental licenses or damage to the environment. c) Judicial deposits In addition to the provisions and contingent liabilities, the Company is required by law to make judicial deposits to secure a potential adverse outcome of certain lawsuits. These court-ordered deposits are monetarily adjusted and reported as non-current assets until a judicial decision to draw the deposit occurs. December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Civil litigation 60 60 Environmental litigation 32 13 Beside the deposits already made, the Company has bank guarantees for judicial deposits in the amount of US$1.5 billion. The annual cost of these guarantees is 1.5% and it is recognized as "financial expenses". d) Contingencies related to Samarco accident Given the status of the contingencies related to Samarco accident, it is not possible to provide a range of possible outcomes or a reliable estimate of potential losses for Vale S.A. Consequently, no contingent liability has been quantified and no provision was recognized. (i) Public civil claim filed by the Federal Government and others and Public civil claim filed by Federal Prosecution Office (“MPF”) In 2016, the federal government, the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais and other governmental authorities have initiated a public civil lawsuit against Samarco and its shareholders, with an estimated value indicated by the plaintiffs of US$5.2 billion (R$20.2 billion). In the same year, MPF filed a public civil action against Samarco and its shareholders and presented several claims, including: (i) the adoption of measures for mitigating the social, economic and environmental impacts resulting from the dam failure and other emergency measures; (ii) the payment of compensation to the community; and (iii) payments for the collective moral damage. The action value indicated by MPF is US$40 billion (R$155 billion). In 2018, the parties entered into an agreement (“Term of Adjustment of Conduct”), which was determined, in summary, (i) the complete extinction of the public civil claim of US$5.2 billion (R$20.2 billion) filed by the Federal Government and others; and (ii) the partial extinction of the public civil claim of US$40 billion (R$155 billion) filed by MPF. In relation to the public civil claim of US$40 billion (R$155 billion), the parties continue to negotiate for the termination of some of their requests, as well as other lawsuits whose objects have already been included in the Term of Adjustment of Conduct. (ii) United States class action lawsuits Samarco and its shareholders were named as defendants in securities class action lawsuits in the Federal Court in New York, related to disclosures of risks of the operations of Samarco and others. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these actions. (iii) Criminal lawsuit In 2016, the MPF brought a criminal lawsuit against Samarco and its shareholders, VogBr Recursos Hídricos e Geotecnia Ltda. and 22 individuals for the consequences related to Fundão dam failure. All prosecution witnesses residing in Brazil have been heard. Currently, the criminal lawsuit awaits for a position from Judiciary and all hearings related to this action are suspended. 53 Total1,716 1,986 Labor litigation555712 Tax litigation1,069 1,201

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat e) Contingent assets In 2015, the Company filed an enforceable action in the amount of US$135 (R$524 million) referring to the final court decision in favor of the Company of the accrued interest of compulsory deposits from 1987 to 1993. Currently it is not possible to estimate the economic benefit inflow as there is a pending judicial decision. Consequently, the asset was not recognized in the financial statements. In March 2017, the Federal Supreme Court (STF) decided that the ICMS shall not be included in PIS and COFINS tax basis. The related decision is not final because is still pending the judgment of an appeal from the Federal Government. Vale has been discussing this issue in two judicial proceedings, which are covered by taxable events occurred since December 2001. In one of them, Vale reached a favorable final judicial decision on March 18, 2019. In the other case, the Company is awaiting the application of the STF decision by Federal Regional Court of the 2nd Region. The asset was not recognized in the financial statements and the effects of the favorable final judicial decision on March 18, 2019 will be evaluated by the Company. Accounting policy A provision is recognized when it is considered probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and can be reliably estimated. The liability is accounted against an expense in the income statement. This obligation is updated based on the developments of the judicial process or interest accretion and can be reversed if the expectation of loss is not considered probable due to changes in circumstances or when the obligation is settled. Critical accounting estimates and judgments By nature, litigations will be resolved when one or more future event occurs or fails to occur. Typically, the occurrence or not of such events is outside of the Company’s control. Legal uncertainties involve the application of significant estimates and judgments by management regarding the potential outcomes of future events. 29. Employee benefits a) Employee postretirements obligations In Brazil, the management of the pension plans is the responsibility of Fundação Vale do Rio Doce de Seguridade Social (“Valia”) a nonprofit entity with administrative and financial autonomy. The Brazilian plans are as follows: Benefit plan Vale Mais (“Vale Mais”) and benefit plan Valiaprev (“Valiaprev”) - Certain Company’s employees are participants of Vale Mais and Valiaprev plans with components of defined benefits (specific coverage for death, pensions and disability allowances) and components of defined contributions (for programmable benefits). The defined benefit plan is subject to actuarial evaluations. The defined contribution plan represents a fixed amount held on behalf of the participants. Both Vale Mais and Valiaprev were overfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. Defined benefit plan (“Plano BD”) - The Plano BD has been closed to new entrants since the year 2000, when the Vale Mais plan was implemented. It is a plan that has defined benefit characteristics, covering almost exclusively retirees and their beneficiaries. It was overfunded as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 and the contributions made by the Company are not relevant. Complementary Allowance (“Abono complementação”) benefit plan - The Company sponsors a specific group of former employees entitled to receive additional benefits from Valia regular payments plus post-retirement benefits that covers medical, dental and pharmaceutical assistance. The contributions made by the Company finished in 2014. The complementary allowance benefit was overfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. 54

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Other benefits - The Company sponsors medical plans for employees that meet specific criteria and for employees who use the complementary allowance benefit. Although those benefits are not specific retirement plans, actuarial calculations are used to calculate future commitments. As those benefits are related to health care plans they have the nature of underfunded benefits, and are presented as underfunded plans as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Foreign plans are managed in accordance with their region. They are divided between plans in Canada, United States of America, United Kingdom, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Japan and Taiwan. Pension plans in Canada are composed of a defined benefit and defined contribution component. Currently the defined benefit plans do not allow new entrants. The foreign defined benefit plans are underfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. Employers’ disclosure about pensions and other post-retirement benefits on the status of the defined benefit elements of all plans is provided as follows. i. Change in benefit obligation Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Service costs 7 86 30 Benefits paid (326) (275) (65) Effect of changes in the actuarial assumptions 64 167 11 Benefit obligation as at December 31, 2017 3,397 4,470 1,410 Interest costs 282 158 59 Participant contributions - (11) - Translation adjustment (490) (353) (133) ii. Evolution of assets fair value Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Interest income 513 151 - Participant contributions - (12) - Return on plan assets (excluding interest income) (21) 174 - Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 2017 4,828 3,776 - Employer contributions 35 49 60 Benefits paid (296) (247) (60) Translation adjustment (717) (287) - 55 Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 20184,737 3,273 - Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)479(145)-Participant contributions2--Interest income406 127 - Translation adjustment(77)254-Benefits paid(326)(275)(65) Employer contributions456565 Fair value of plan assets as at December 31, 20164,694 3,419 - Benefit obligation as at December 31, 20183,577 3,929 1,280 Effect of changes in the actuarial assumptions679(164)(32) Benefits paid(296)(272)(60) Service costs5 101 36 Translation adjustment(51)27671 Participant contributions-(12)-Interest costs36018367 Benefit obligation as at December 31, 20163,343 4,045 1,296

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat iii. Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position Plans in Brazil Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Other benefits Interest income 124 - - 152 - - Translation adjustment (223) - - (27) - - Present value of actuarial liabilities (3,577) (334) (249) (3,397) (401) (258) Effect of the asset ceiling (1,160) - - (1,431) - - Non-current liabilities - (168) (230) - (162) (236) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount recognized in the statement of financial position Fair value of assets - 3,111 - - 3,537 - Non-current liabilities - (468) (998) - (516) (1,116) Total Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Other benefits Interest income 124 - - 152 - - Translation adjustment (223) - - (27) - - Present value of actuarial liabilities (3,577) (3,929) (1,280) (3,397) (4,470) (1,410) Effect of the asset ceiling (1,160) - - (1,431) - - Non-current liabilities - (636) (1,228) - (678) (1,352) 56 Liabilities-(656) (1,280) - (694) (1,410) Current liabilities-(20)(52)-(16)(58) Liabilities-(656) (1,280) - (694) (1,410) Fair value of assets4,7373,273-4,8283,776-Amount recognized in the statement of financial position Balance at end of the year1,160 - - 1,431 - - Changes on asset ceiling(172)--(45)--Balance at beginning of the year1,431 - - 1,351 - - December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Liabilities-(484) (1,031) - (532) (1,152) Current liabilities-(16)(33)-(16)(36) Liabilities-(484) (1,031) - (532) (1,152) Present value of actuarial liabilities-(3,595)(1,031)-(4,069)(1,152) OverfundedUnderfunded pension plans pension plans Other benefits OverfundedUnderfunded pension plans pension plans Other benefits Foreign plan Liabilities-(172) (249) - (162) (258) Current liabilities-(4)(19)--(22) Liabilities-(172) (249) - (162) (258) Fair value of assets4,737162-4,828239-Amount recognized in the statement of financial position Balance at end of the year1,160 - - 1,431 - - Changes on asset ceiling(172)--(45)--Balance at beginning of the year1,431 - - 1,351 - - December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat iv. Costs recognized in the income statement Year ended December 31 Overfunded Underfunded Overfunded Underfunded Overfunded Underfunded pension plans pensionOther plans benefits pension plans pensionOther plans benefits pension plans pensionOther plans benefits Interest on expense on liabilities 282 158 59 360 183 67 362 175 66 Interest expense on effect of (asset ceiling)/ onerous liability 124 - - 152 - - 156 - - v. Costs recognized in the statement of comprehensive income Year ended December 31 Overfunded Underfunded Overfunded Underfunded Overfunded Underfunded pension plans pension plans Other benefits pension plans pension plans Other benefits pension plans pension plans Other benefits Effect of changes actuarial assumptions (679) 172 32 (65) (167) (27) (271) (117) (75) Change of asset ceiling 172 - - 47 - - (36) - - (29) 28 31 (21) - (41) (26) (11) (75) Others comprehensive income (19) 21 23 (14) (3) (29) (17) 5 (58) Transfers/ disposal (7) (4) 28 - (1) (1) - - - vi. Risks related to plans The Administrators of the plans have committed to strategic planning to strengthen internal controls and risk management. This commitment is achieved by conducting audits and assessments of internal controls, which aim to mitigate operational market and credit risks. Risks are presented as follow: Legal - lawsuits: issuing periodic reports to internal audit and directors contemplating the analysis of lawyers about the possibility of loss (remote, probable or possible), aiming to support the administrative decision regarding provisions. Analysis and ongoing monitoring of developments in the legal scenario and its dissemination within the institution in order to subsidize the administrative plans, considering the impact of regulatory changes. Actuarial - the annual actuarial valuation of the benefit plans comprises the assessment of costs, revenues and adequacy of plan funding. It also considers the monitoring of biometric, economic and financial assumptions (asset volatility, changes in interest rates, inflation, life expectancy, salaries and other). Market - profitability projections are performed for the various plans and profiles of investments for 10 years in the management study of assets and liabilities. These projections include the risks of investments in various market segments. Furthermore, the risks for short-term market of the plans are monitored monthly through metrics of VaR (Value at Risk) and stress testing. For exclusive investment funds of Valia, the market risk is measured daily by the custodian asset bank. Credit - assessment of the credit quality of issuers by hiring expert consultants to evaluate financial institutions and internal assessment of payment ability of non-financial companies. For assets of non-financial companies, the assessment is conducted by monitoring of the company until the maturity of the security. 57 Accumulated other comprehensive income (166) (468) (128) (163) (496) (189) (153) (496) (160) Translation adjustments 23 11 10 4 4 1 (23) (6) (7) Deferred income tax 10 (7) (8) 7 (3) 12 9 16 17 Others (1) - (1) (3) - (14) - 35 - Return on plan assets (excluding interest income) 479 (144) - - 167 - 281 71 - Balance at beginning of the year (163) (496) (189) (153) (496) (160) (113) (495) (95) 2018 2017 2016 Total of cost, net 5 132 95 6 118 97 16 100 50 Interest income on plan assets (406) (127) - (513) (151) - (512) (151) - Service cost 5 101 36 7 86 30 10 76 (16) 2018 2017 2016

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat vii. Actuarial and economic assumptions and sensitivity analysis All calculations involve future actuarial projections about some parameters, such as: salaries, interest, inflation, the trend of social security in Brazil (“INSS”) benefits, mortality and disability. The economic and actuarial assumptions adopted have been taken considering the maturity dates and therefore, in the short term they would not realize. The following assumptions were adopted in the assessment: Brazil Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Other benefits Nominal average rate to determine expense/ income 8.86% - 9.10% 9.10% N/A 9.74% - 9.85% 9.84% N/A Nominal average rate of benefit increase 4.00% 6.08% N/A 4.85% 4.85% N/A Ultimate health care cost trend rate N/A N/A 7.12% N/A N/A 7.38% Foreign Underfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Other benefits Nominal average rate to determine expense/ income 3.26% N/A 3.84% N/A Nominal average rate of benefit increase N/A 3.00% N/A 3.00% Ultimate health care cost trend rate N/A 4.56% N/A 4.56% For the sensitivity analysis, the Company considers the effect of 1% in nominal discount rate to determine the actuarial liability. The effects of this variation on the actuarial liability, the assumption adopted the average duration of the plan are as follows: Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Actuarial liability balance 3,310 3,459 1,114 Actuarial liability balance 3,891 4,471 1,488 viii. Assets of pension plans Brazilian plan assets as at December 31, 2018 and 2017 include respectively (i) investments in a portfolio of Vale’s stock and other instruments in the amount of US$13 and US$37 and (ii) Brazilian Federal Government securities in the amount of US$4,199 and US$4,617. Foreign plan assets as at December 31, 2018 and 2017 include Canadian Government securities in the amount of US$674 and US$864, respectively. 58 Assumptions made8.98%3.03%3.42% Nominal discount rate - 1% reduction Assumptions made9.98%5.03%5.42% Nominal discount rate - 1% increase December 31, 2018 Nominal average rate of price inflation2.10%2.10%2.10%2.10% Immediate health care cost trend rateN/A5.90%N/A5.99% Nominal average rate of salary increase3.20%N/A3.27%N/A Discount rate to determine benefit obligation3.56% 3.66%3.26% 3.44% December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Nominal average rate of price inflation4.00%4.00%4.00%4.25%4.25%4.25% Immediate health care cost trend rateN/AN/A7.12%N/AN/A7.38% Nominal average rate of salary increase4.00% - 6.08%6.08%N/A4.25% - 6.34%4.25% - 6.34%N/A Discount rate to determine benefit obligation8.86% - 9.10% 9.10% 9.05% - 9.29% 9.74% - 9.85% 9.84% 9.74% - 9.91% December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat ix. Overfunded pension plans Assets by category are as follows: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Debt securities - Corporate - 47 - 47 - 72 - 72 Investments funds - Fixed Income 2,441 - - 2,441 2,515 - - 2,515 International investments 25 - - 25 24 - - 24 Structured investments - Real estate funds - - 15 15 - - 15 15 Loans to participants - - 160 160 - - 224 224 Funds not related to risk plans (i) (1,346) (1,871) (i) Financial investments not related to coverage of overfunded pension plans Measurement of overfunded plan assets at fair value with no observable market variables (level 3) are as follows: Private equity funds Real estate funds Real estate Loans to participants Total Return on plan assets 37 (2) 4 29 68 Assets sold during the year (8) - (17) (137) (162) Balance as at December 31, 2017 196 15 365 224 800 Assets purchases 2 2 7 233 - Translation adjustment (28) (2) (56) (30) (116) x. Underfunded pension plans Assets by category are as follows: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Equity securities 1,186 2 - 1,188 1,364 3 - 1,367 Debt securities - Government 116 680 - 796 141 801 - 942 Investments funds - Equity - 124 - 124 8 392 - 400 Real estate - - 51 51 - - 44 44 Others - - 165 165 - - 195 195 59 Total1,347 1,494 432 3,273 1,773 1,562 441 3,776 Loans to participants--33--55 Structured investments - Private Equity funds--21321397-197294 Investments funds - Fixed Income42296-338159--159 Debt securities - Corporate-374-374-338-338 Cash and cash equivalents3 18 - 21 4 28 - 32 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Balance as at December 31, 2018159 15 339 160 673 Assets sold during the year(26)-(16)(292)(334) Return on plan assets15 - 39 25 79 Translation adjustment(4)(1)(5)(3)(13) Assets purchases3181375127 Balance as at December 31, 2016140 10 370 260 780 Fair value of plan assets at end of year4,7374,828 Total5,363 47 673 6,083 5,827 72 800 6,699 Real estate--339339--365365 Structured investments - Private Equity funds--159159--196196 Investments funds - Equity450--450531--531 Debt securities - Government2,447--2,4472,757--2,757 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Level 1Level 2Level 3Total

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Measurement of underfunded plan assets at fair value with no observable market variables (level 3) are as follows: Private equity funds Real estate Loans to participants Others Total Return on plan assets 8 1 - 10 19 Assets sold during the year (18) (1) - - (19) Balance as at December 31, 2017 197 44 5 195 441 Assets purchases 22 18 - - 40 Translation adjustment (16) (4) (1) (15) (36) xi. Disbursement of future cash flow Vale expects to disburse US$125 in 2019 in relation to pension plans and other benefits. xii. Expected benefit payments The expected benefit payments, which reflect future services, are as follows: December 31, 2018 2019 259 222 61 2021 276 223 65 2023 291 224 69 b) Profit sharing program (“PLR”) The Company recorded as cost of goods sold and services rendered and other operating expenses related to the profit sharing program US$503, US$780 and US$331 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. c) Long-term compensation plan For the long-term awarding of eligible executives, the Company compensation plans include Matching Program and Performance Share Unit Program - PSU, with three to four years-vesting cycles, respectively, with the aim of encouraging employee’s retention and stimulating their performance. For the Matching program, the participants can acquire Vale’s common shares in the market without any benefits being provided by Vale. If the shares acquired are held for a period of three years and the participants keep employment relationship with Vale, the participant is entitled to receive from Vale an award in shares, equivalent to the number of shares originally acquired by the executive. It should be noted that, although a specific custodian of the shares is defined by Vale, the shares initially purchased by the executives have no restriction and can be sold at any time. However, if it’s done before the end of the three-year-vesting period, they lose the entitlement of receiving the related award paid by Vale. For PSU program, the eligible executives have the opportunity to receive during a four year-vesting cycle, an award equivalent to the market value of a determined number of common shares and conditioned to Vale’s performance factor measured as an indicator of total return to the shareholders (TSR). This award is paid in cash and can occur in cumulative installments of 20% (at the end of 2nd year), 30% (at the end of 3rd year) and 50% (at the end of 4th year), conditioned to the performance factor of each year. Liabilities of the plans are measured at fair value at every reporting period, based on market rates. Compensation costs incurred are recognized by the defined vesting period of three or four years. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 the Company recognized in the income statement the amounts of US$95, US$65 and US$37, respectively, related to long-term compensation plan. 60 2024 and thereafter1,5431,116369 202228422367 202026822363 Overfunded pension plansUnderfunded pension plansOther benefits Balance as at December 31, 2018213 51 3 165 432 Assets sold during the year(22)(10)(1)-(33) Return on plan assets32 3 - (15) 20 Translation adjustment73(1)1221 Assets purchases1317--30 Balance as at December 31, 2016187 24 6 173 390

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Accounting policy Employee benefits i. Current benefits – wages, vacations and related taxes Payments of benefits such as wages or accrued vacation, as well as the related social security taxes over those benefits are recognized monthly in income, on an accruals basis. ii. Current benefits – profit sharing program The Company has the Annual Incentive Program (AIP) based on Team and business unit’s contribution and Company-wide performance through operational cash generation. The Company makes an accrual based on evaluation periodic of goals achieved and Company result, using the accrual basis and recognition of present obligation arising from past events in the estimated outflow of resources in the future. The accrual is recorded as cost of goods sold and services rendered or operating expenses in accordance with the activity of each employee. iii. Non-current benefits – long-term incentive programs The Company has established a procedure for awarding certain eligible executives (Matching and Virtual Shares Programs) with the goal of encouraging employee retention and optimum performance. Plan liabilities are measured at each reporting date, at their fair values, based on market prices. Obligations are measured at each reporting date, at fair values based on market prices. The compensation costs incurred are recognized in income during the vesting period as defined. iv. Non-current benefits – pension costs and other post-retirement benefits The Company has several retirement plans for its employees. For defined contribution plans, the Company's obligations are limited to a monthly contribution linked to a pre-defined percentage of the remuneration of employees enrolled in these plans. For defined benefit plans, actuarial calculations are periodically obtained for liabilities determined in accordance with the Projected Unit Credit Method in order to estimate the Company’s obligation. The liability recognized in the statement of financial position represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at that date, less the fair value of plan assets. The Company recognized in the income statement the costs of services, the interest expense of the obligations and the interest income of the plan assets. The remeasurement of gains and losses, return on plan assets (excluding the amount of interest on return of assets, which is recognized in income for the year) and changes in the effect of the ceiling of the active and onerous liabilities are recognized in comprehensive income for the year. For overfunded plans, the Company does not recognize any assets or benefits in the statement of financial position or income statement until such time as the use of the surplus is clearly defined. For underfunded plans, the Company recognizes actuarial liabilities and results arising from the actuarial valuation. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Post-retirement benefits for employees - The amounts recognized and disclosed depend on a number of factors that are determined based on actuarial calculations using various assumptions in order to determine costs and liabilities. One of these assumptions is selection and use of the discount rate. Any changes to these assumptions will affect the amount recognized. At the end of each year the Company and external actuaries review the assumptions that will be used for the following year. These assumptions are used in determining the fair values of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and the future values of estimated cash outflows, which are recorded in the plan obligations. 61

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 30. Stockholders’ equity a) Share capital As at December 31, 2018, the share capital was US$61,614 corresponding to 5,284,474,782 shares issued and fully paid without par value. December 31, 2018 Litel Participações S.A. and Litela Participações S.A. 1,075,773,534 - 1,075,773,534 Bradespar S.A. 296,009,366 - 296,009,366 Foreign investors - ADRs 1,211,272,764 - 1,211,272,764 FMP - FGTS 54,638,358 - 54,638,358 Institutional investors 332,021,902 - 332,021,902 Brazilian Government (Golden Share) - 12 12 Shares in treasury 158,216,372 - 158,216,372 The Board of Directors may, regardless of changes to by-laws, issue new common shares (up to the total authorized shares), including the capitalization of profits and reserves to the extent authorized. The Company repurchases its shares to hold in treasury for future sale or cancellation. These shares are recorded in a specific account as a reduction of stockholders´ equity at their acquisition value and carried at cost. These programs are approved by the Board of Directors with determined terms and number of shares. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are recognized in stockholders’ equity as a deduction from the amount raised, net of taxes. b) Share buyback program The Company concluded in November 2018, share buyback program for Vale’s common shares and their respective ADSs approved by the Board of Directors on July 25, 2018, and repurchased a total of 71,173,683 common shares, at an average price of US$14.05 per share, for a total aggregate purchase price of US$1,000. The shares were acquired in the stock market based on regular trading conditions. The shares acquired are held in treasury for future sale or cancellation. c) Remuneration to the Company’s stockholders The Company's by-laws determine the minimum remuneration to stockholders of 25% of net income, after appropriations to legal reserve and tax incentive reserve, as follows: 2018 Appropriation to legal reserve (343) Net income after appropriations to legal reserve and tax incentive reserve 6,116 Stockholders’ remuneration paid in September, 2018 (2,054) (i) Due to the Brazilian legislation, the Company must retain and collect the amount of withholding tax (15%) and cannot be considered when charging the interest on capital to the mandatory dividend, the minimum mandatory remuneration before tax is US$1,799 based on the interest on capital. 62 Appropriation to investments reserve(4,062) Minimum mandatory remuneration (i)1,529 Appropriation to tax incentive reserve(401) Net income of the year6,860 Total authorized shares7,000,000,000-7,000,000,000 Share capital per class of shares (in millions)61,614-61,614 Total issued shares5,284,474,770 12 5,284,474,782 Outstanding shares5,126,258,398 12 5,126,258,410 Retail investors in Brazil289,602,980-289,602,980 PIBB - Fund2,300,038-2,300,038 Foreign institutional investors in local market1,235,808,225-1,235,808,225 Mitsui & Co., Ltd286,347,055-286,347,055 BNDES Participações S.A.342,484,176-342,484,176 StockholdersONPNETotal

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat The Company approved in March, 2018, the new policy of stockholders’ remuneration of the Company, approved in March 2018, which provides for a semi-annual payment of 30% of Adjusted EBITDA less sustaining capital. In September, 2018, the Company paid stockholders’ remuneration in the amount of US$1,876 (US$0.360951164 per share), US$1,659 based on the interest on capital and US$217 based on dividends, for the first half of 2018 approved by Board of Directors on July 25, 2018. This payment comprises the minimum mandatory remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2018. Following the Brumadinho dam failure (as described on note 3), Vale has determined the suspension of the Shareholder Remuneration Policy and any other deliberation on shares buyback. The remuneration paid to stockholders based on the on interest on capital and dividends during 2018 and 2017 amounted US$3,313 (US$0.636637439 per share) and US$1,456 (US$0.282400343 per share), respectively. d) Profit reserves The amount of profit reserves is distributed as follows: Balance as at December 31, 2016 1,384 377 1,808 634 4,203 Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders - - - (658) (658) Balance as at December 31, 2017 1,630 580 5,209 - 7,419 Translation adjustment (251) (99) (907) - (1,257) Legal reserve - Is a legal requirement for Brazilian public companies to retain 5% of the annual net income up to 20% of the capital. The reserve can only be used to compensate losses or to increase capital. Tax incentive reserve - Results from the option to designate a portion of the income tax for investments in projects approved by the Brazilian Government as well as tax incentives. Investment reserve - Aims to ensure the maintenance and development of the main activities that comprise the Company’s operations and to retain budgeted capital for investments. Based on the Company’s by-laws, this reserve is capped to 50% of the annual distributable net income, up to the amount of the share capital. The remaining balance over 50% of the annual distributable net income is retained based on the capital investments budget submitted for approval in the Stockholders’ Meeting, pursuant to article 196 of the Law 6,404. Additional remuneration reserve - Arises from the remuneration proposed by Management that exceeds the mandatory minimum remuneration of 25% of the adjusted net income. 63 Balance as at December 31, 20181,722 882 8,364 - 10,968 Allocation of Income343 401 4,062 - 4,806 Translation adjustment(29)(13)(140)24(158) Allocation of Income275 216 3,541 - 4,032 Tax incentiveInvestmentsAdditionalTotal of profit Legal reservereservereserve remuneration reservereserves

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat e) Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Retirement benefit obligations Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities Conversion shares Total gain (losses) Other comprehensive income (46) - - (46) Balance as at December 31, 2017 (845) - (338) (1,183) Translation adjustment 49 - - 49 f) Vale’s corporate governance restructuring in 2017 At the General Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting, held on June 27, 2017, stockholders approved the corporate restructuring of the Company proposed by Valepar S.A. (former controlling stockholder). The corporate restructuring was based on (i) conversion of Vale class “A” preferred shares into common shares; (ii) amendment of Vale’s by-laws, so as to adjust to Novo Mercado rules; and (iii) the merger of Valepar S.A. into Vale. (i) Conversion of preferred shares and merger of Valepar S.A. At the General Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting, held on June 27, 2017, stockholders approved the voluntary conversion of Vale class “A” preferred shares into common shares (“ON”), based on the conversion rate of 0.9342 common shares for each Vale class “A” preferred share. On August 11, 2017, the voluntary conversion period expired and an aggregate of 1,660,581,830 preferred shares (excluding treasury shares), corresponding to 84.4% of the total outstanding preferred shares, were converted into common shares. At the Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting of Valepar S.A, held on August 14, 2017, stockholders approved the merger of Valepar with and into Vale. Thereafter, Valepar ceases to exist and, as consequence, its stockholders hold direct interests in Vale, through the 1.2065 Vale common shares received for each Valepar share held by them. As a result, Vale issued 173,543,667 new common shares to Valepar’s stockholders, all registered and without par value. On August 14, 2017, the merger was accounted in Vale's stockholders' equity as capital reserve, based on the accounting appraisal report of Valepar's net assets, amounting to US$1,158. The impacts arising from the merger in the Company's assets and liabilities are as follows: August 14, 2017 Judicial deposits 951 Provisions for litigation 631 At the Extraordinary Stockholders' Meeting and at the Special Stockholders’ Meeting, held on October 18, 2017, preferred stockholders approved the conversion of all Class "A" preferred shares into common shares of the Company, in the proportion of 0.9342 common share for each class "A" preferred share. During the period from October 20, 2017 until November 21, 2017, inclusive, the stockholders holding Vale's Class "A" preferred shares dissenting with regard to the resolution of the Special Meeting, had the right to withdraw from the Company, receiving R$24.26 per share which is the equivalent of Vale stockholders’ equity per share at December 31, 2016. At the end of this period, 10,397 common shares were converted into treasury shares (corresponding to 11,130 preferred shares). 64 Net assets1,158 Taxes payable130 Current liabilities20 Intangible964 Current assets24 Balance as at December 31, 2018(755) 60 (338) (1,033) Other comprehensive income41 60 - 101 Translation adjustment10--10 Balance as at December 31, 2016(809) - (338) (1,147)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat At the Extraordinary Stockholders' Meeting held on December 21, 2017 stockholders’ approved the migration of the Company to the special listing segment of B3 S.A. (“Novo Mercado”), following the conversion of the class “A” preferred shares into common shares. The stockholders’ equity corresponds to 5,284,474,770 common shares and 12 preferred shares special class (“PNE” or “Golden shares”), and there were no changes in the amount of share capital. Shares outstanding PNA/PNE 1,967,721,926 (1,967,721,914) - 12 Shares in treasury PNA 59,405,792 (59,405,792) - - g) Shareholders Agreement On the date of the merger of Valepar into Vale, August 14, 2017, the former Controlling Shareholders of Valepar executed a new shareholders’ agreement (“Vale Agreement”) that binds only 20% of the totality of Vale’s common shares issued by Vale, and will be in force until November 9, 2020, with no provision for renewal. For 6 months from the date of entry into force of the Vale Agreement, the Shareholders will be obligated not to transfer, by any means, either directly or indirectly, Vale shares they receive as a result of the implementation of the Proposal (“Lock-Up”), except for (i) the transfer of Vale’s shares by the Shareholders to their affiliates and their current shareholders, provided that such transferred shares shall remain subject to the Lock-Up, and (ii) the transfer of shares held by the Shareholders prior to the merger of Valepar. Accounting policy Stockholder’s remuneration - The stockholder’s remuneration is paid on dividends and interest on capital. This remuneration is recognized as a liability in the financial statements of the Company based on bylaws. Any amount above the minimum mandatory remuneration approved by the by-laws shall only be recognized in current liabilities on the date that is approved by stockholders. The Company is permitted to distribute interest attributable to stockholders’ equity. The calculation is based on the stockholders’ equity amounts as stated in the statutory accounting records and the interest rate applied may not exceed the Brazilian Government Long-term Interest Rate (“TJLP”) determined by the Central Bank of Brazil. Also, such interest may not exceed 50% of the net income for the year or 50% of retained earnings plus profit reserves as determined by Brazilian corporate law. The benefit to the Company, as opposed to making a dividend payment, is a reduction in the income tax burden because this interest charge is tax deductible in Brazil. Income tax of 15% is withheld on behalf of the stockholders relative to the interest distribution. Under Brazilian law, interest attributed to stockholders’ equity is considered as part of the annual minimum mandatory dividend. This notional interest distribution is treated for accounting purposes as a deduction from stockholders' equity in a manner similar to a dividend and the tax deductibility recorded in the income statement. 65 Total issued shares5,244,316,120 (133,385,005) 173,543,667 5,284,474,782 ON31,535,40255,507,287-87,042,689 5,153,374,926 (129,486,500) 173,543,667 5,197,432,093 ON3,185,653,0001,838,235,414173,543,6675,197,432,081 Share position beforeConversion of theShare position after conversionpreferred sharesIssue of new sharesconversion

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 31. Related parties The Company’s related parties are subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates, stockholders and its related entities and key management personnel of the Company. Transactions between the parent company and its subsidiaries are eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. Related party transactions were made by the Company on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm´s-length transactions, with respect to price and market conditions that are no less favorable to the Company than those arranged with third parties. Purchases, accounts receivable and other assets, and accounts payable and other liabilities relate largely to amounts charged by joint ventures and associates related to the pelletizing plants operational lease and railway transportation services. Information about related party transactions and effects on the financial statements is set out below: a) Transactions with related parties Year ended December 31 Joint Ventures Associates Major stockholders Total Cost and operating expenses (2,269) (39) - (2,308) Year ended December 31 Joint Ventures Associates Major stockholders Total Cost and operating expenses (1,943) (29) (29) (2,001) Year ended December 31 Joint Ventures Associates Major stockholders Total Cost and operating expenses (916) (51) (37) (1,004) Net operating revenue relates to sale of iron ore to the steelmakers and right to use capacity on railroads. Cost and operating expenses mostly relate to the operational leases of the pelletizing plants. b) Outstanding balances with related parties Joint Ventures Major stockholders Joint Ventures Major stockholders Associates Total Associates Total Cash and cash equivalents - - 1,256 1,256 - - 817 817 Dividends receivable 132 - - 132 112 14 - 126 Derivatives financial instruments - - 297 297 - - 284 284 Supplier and contractors 221 21 24 266 192 35 201 428 Derivatives financial instruments - - 112 112 - - 109 109 66 Other liabilities769--769612-16628 Loans-1,3252,6503,975-1,2454,5085,753 Liabilities Other assets25--2517--17 Loans1,976--1,9764,526--4,526 Accounts receivable11042315573553131 Assets December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Financial result(29)1(882)(910) Net operating revenue166 345 141 652 2016 Financial result118(14)(819)(715) Net operating revenue399 337 146 882 2017 Financial result115-(115)-Net operating revenue352 309 207 868 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Major stockholders Refers to regular financial instruments with large financial institutions of which the stockholders are part of the controlling “shareholders’ agreement”. Coal segment transactions In March 2018, Nacala BV, a joint venture between Vale and Mitsui on the Nacala’s logistic corridor, closed the project financing and repaid a portion of the shareholders’ loans from Vale, in the amount of US$2,572. The outstanding receivable of US$1,976 carries interest at 7.44% p.a. The loan from associates mainly relates to the loan from Pangea Emirates Ltd, part of the group of shareholders which owns 15% interest on Vale Moçambique which carries interest at 6.54% p.a. c) The key management personnel remuneration Year ended December 31 Shortterm benefits Direct and indirect benefits 11 10 4 29 28 12 Shares based 3 5 1 Severance 20 19 5 The amounts described above include the Board of Directors and the Executive Officers. 67 52 52 18 Longterm benefits Profit sharing program (“PLR”)108-Wages8108 201820172016

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 32. Commitments a) Contractual obligations The table below presents the annual minimum future payments, which are required and non-cancelable, related to contractual obligations of the Company as of December 31. 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 and thereafter Total Purchase obligations 2,677 1,445 548 463 2,194 7,327 Operating lease - The Company has operating lease agreements in place with third parties related to port structures and port operations, transportation services, energy plants and property leases for its operational facilities. Vale also has long-term agreements for the exploration and processing of iron ore with its joint ventures, such as the agreements to lease pelletizing plants in Brazil. The leases have varying terms and on renewal, the terms of the leases are renegotiated. The minimum future payments have been calculated considering the non-cancellable period of the lease agreements. The total amount of operational leasing expenses for the year ended on December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were US$1,044, US$805 and US$532, respectively. Purchase obligations - Mainly relate to agreements for the acquisition of fuel, energy and the acquisition of raw materials and services. b) Guarantees provided As of December 31, 2018, corporate guarantees provided by Vale (within the limit of its direct or indirect interest) for the companies Norte Energia S.A. and Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém S.A. were US$331 and US$1,404, respectively. The net book value of property, plant and equipment pledged to secure judicial claims on December 31, 2018 and 2017 were US$6 and US$15, respectively. c) Nickel Operations – Indonesia The Company´s subsidiary PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (“PTVI”), a public company in Indonesia, has an agreement in place with the Government of Indonesia to operate its mining licenses which includes a commitment to divest an additional 20% of PTVI’s shares to Indonesian participants by October 2019 (approximately 20% of PTVI’s shares are already registered on the Indonesian Stock Exchange). The existing major shareholders, Vale Canada and Sumitomo Metal Mining, Co., Ltd., will comply with the divestment obligation on a pro rata basis. 68 Total minimum payments required 2,927 1,646 737 629 3,886 9,825 Operating lease 250 201 189 166 1,692 2,498

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 33. Risk management Vale considers that an effective risk management is key to achieve the Company’s objectives and to ensure people and environmental safety, financial stability and flexibility of the Company as well as the going concern of its business. Therefore, Vale has developed its risk management strategy in order to provide an integrated approach of the risks that the company is exposed to, considering not only the risks generated by variables traded in financial markets (market risk) and those ari sing from liquidity risk, but also risk from counterparties obligations (credit risk); those that are related to governance, business m odel and external environment (strategic risks); risks relating to inadequate or failed internal processes, people, health, safety, environmental and social (operational risk); information security (cybernetic risk) and internal and external compliance (compliance risk). a) Corporate risk management policy The Board of Directors established a corporate risk management policy defining principles and guidelines applicable to this process in the company and the corresponding governance structure based on the lines of defense model. This policy determines that the first line of defense, that is, the owners of the control activi ties related to the identified risks and testing assignees of the business units, projects, administrative and support are direct responsible for identifying, assessi ng, remediating, monitoring and managing risk events under an integrated approach. The Executive Risk Management Committee is the main body of the risk management structure, and is responsible to provide recommendations regarding Vale’s Risk Management System and to support the Executive Board on the risk monitoring activities and with the related deliberations needed on its corporate management. The Executive Board is in-charge for the approval of the policy deployment into rules and responsibilities directed to management and control of risks through issuing of internal normative documents. Internal normative documents related risk management complement the corporate risk management policy and define practices, processes, controls, roles and assignments. b) Liquidity risk management The liquidity risk arises from the possibility that Vale might not perform its obligations on due dates, as well as face difficulties to meet its cash requirements due to market liquidity constraints. See note 21 "Loans, borrowings and cash and cash equivalents" for details on the Company's liquidity risk. c) Credit risk management Vale’s exposure to credit risk arises from trade receivables, derivative transactions, guarantees, down payment for suppliers and cash investments. Our credit risk management process provides a framework for assessing and managing counterparties’ credit risk and for maintaining our risk at an acceptable level. (i) Commercial credit risk management See note 10 "Accounts receivable" for details on commercial credit risk. (ii) Treasury credit risk management To manage the credit exposure arising from cash investments and derivative instruments, credit limits are approved to each counterparty with whom the Company has credit exposure. Furthermore, the Company controls the portfolio diversification and monitors different indicators of solvency and liquidity of the different counterparties that were approved for trading. 69

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat d) Market risk management Vale is exposed to several market risk factors that can impact its cash flow. The assessment of this potential impact arising from the volatility of risk factors and their correlations is performed periodically to support the decision making process regarding the risk management strategy, that may incorporate financial instruments, including derivatives. The portfolio of these financial instruments is monitored on a monthly basis, enabling financial results surveillance and its impact on cash flow. Considering the nature of Vale’s business and operations, the main market risk factors which the Company is exposed to are: • Foreign exchange and interest rates; • Product prices and input costs. Foreign exchange and interest rate risk The company’s cash flow is subjected to volatility of several currencies, as its product are predominantly priced in US dolla r, while most of the costs, disbursements and investments are denominated in other currencies, mainly Brazilian real and Canadian d ollar. In order to reduce the potential impact that arises from this currency mismatch, derivatives instruments may be used as a ris k mitigation strategy. Vale implements hedge transactions to protect its cash flow against the market risks that arises from its debt obligations – mainly currency volatility. The hedges cover most of the debt denominated in Brazilian reais and Euros. The Company uses swap and forward transactions to convert debt linked to Brazilian real and Euros into US dollar, with volumes, flows and settlement dates similar to those of the debt instruments - or sometimes lower, subject to market liquidity conditions. Hedging instruments with shorter settlement dates are renegotiated through time so that their final maturity matches - or becomes closer - to the debts` final maturity. At each settlement date, the results of the swap and forward transactions partially offset the impact of the foreign exchange rate in Vale’s obligations, contributing to stabilize the cash disbursements in U S dollar. Vale has also exposure to interest rate risks over loans and financings. The US Dollar floating rate debt in the portfolio consists mainly of loans including export pre-payments, commercial banks and multilateral organizations loans. In general, such debt instruments are indexed to the LIBOR (London Interbank Offer Rate) in US dollar. Risk of product and input prices Vale is also exposed to market risks related to volatility in commodity and input prices. In accordance with risk management policy, risk mitigation strategies involving commodities may be used to reduce Vale’s cash flow volatility. The risk mitigation strat egy may incorporate derivative instruments, predominantly forwards, futures and options. e) Strategic risk management Vale addresses the risks related to the execution of established business strategies considering the internal and external environment, as well as risks related to internal procedures and conduct consistent with the Company’s values, mission and strategic objectives. f) Operational risk management Vale acts managing operational risks primarily guaranteeing the satisfactory management of health, safety and the environment, but also acts preventing material losses, maintenance of its productive capacity and good relationship with communities. g) Cybernetic risk management Vale invests in information security technology to mitigate risks of theft, breach or violation of information privacy, avail ability of its technology assets and data integrity on the Company’s systems. 70

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat h) Compliance risk management Vale manage risks associated with the ongoing compliance with legal requirements, standards and other regulations related to the Company’s business, including the standards required on reporting and disclosing information to the market. i) Capital management The Company's policy aims at establishing a capital structure that will ensure the continuity of the business in the long term. Within this perspective, the Company has been able to maintain a debt profile suitable for its activities, with an amortization well distributed over the years, thus avoiding a concentration in one specific period. j) Insurance Vale contracts several types of insurance policies, such as operational risk policy, engineering risks insurance (projects), c ivil responsibility, life insurance policy for their employees, among others. The coverage of these policies is similar to the one s used in general by the mining industry and is issued in line with the objectives defined by the Company, with the corporate risk mana gement policy and the limitation imposed by the insurance and reinsurance global market. Insurance management is performed with the support of focal points in the various operational areas of the Company. Among the management instruments, Vale uses captive reinsurance to balance the price on reinsurance contracts with the market, as well as, enable direct access to key international markets of insurance and reinsurance. 71

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat 34. Additional information about derivatives financial instruments The risk of the derivatives portfolio is measured using the delta-Normal parametric approach, and considers that the future distribution of the risk factors and its correlations tends to present the same statistic properties verified in the historic al data. The value at risk estimate considers a 95% confidence level for a one-business day time horizon. The following tables detail the derivatives positions for Vale and its controlled companies as of December 31, 2018, with the following information: notional amount, fair value including credit risk, gains or losses in the period, value at risk and the fair val ue breakdown by year of maturity. a) Foreign exchange and interest rates derivative positions (i) Protection programs for the R$ denominated debt instruments In order to reduce cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from c ertain debt instruments denominated in R$ with interest rates linked mainly to CDI, TJLP and IPCA. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed or flo ating rates in US$ and receives payments in R$ linked to the interest rates of the protected debt instruments. The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to R$. These programs transform into US$ the obligations linked to R$ to achieve a currency offset in the company’s cash flows, by matching its receivables - mainly linked to US$ - with its payables. Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Notional Fair value Fair value by year Receivable R$ 1,581 R$ 3,540 CDI 98.70% Receivable R$ 2,303 R$ 2,982 TJLP + 1.20% Receivable R$ 181 R$ 216 TJLP + 0.84% Receivable R$ 1,078 R$ 1,158 Fix 7.05% Receivable R$ 1,315 R$ 1,000 IPCA + 6.55% Receivable R$ 1,350 R$ 1,350 IPCA + 6.62% 72 Payable R$ 1,350 R$ 1,350 CDI 98.59% IPCA vs. CDI swap 89 85 1 - 548 36 Payable US$ 434 US$ 434 Fix 3.98% IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap (80) (34) 6 7 (33)(10) (37) Payable US$ 351 US$ 385 Fix -0.62% R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap (8) 24 10 19 946 (63) Payable US$ 107 US$ 123 Libor + -1.24% TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap (56) (53) (5) 2 (56)-- Payable US$ 994 US$ 1.323 Fix 1.54% TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap (370) (381) (102) 20 (306)(21) (43) Payable US$ 456 US$ 1.104 Fix 3.12% CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap (46) (33) (28) 6 (13)(21) (12) Flow December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Index Average rate December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019 2020 2021+

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat (ii) Protection program for EUR denominated debt instruments In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments issued in Euros by Vale. In those swaps, Vale receives fixed rates in EUR and pays fixed rates in US$. The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to EUR. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to EUR/US$ exchange rate. Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Notional Fair value Fair value by year Receivable € 500 € 500 Fix 3.75% b) Commodities derivative positions (i) Bunker Oil purchase cash flows protection program In order to reduce the impact of bunker oil price fluctuation on maritime freight hiring/supply and, consequently, reducing the company’s cash flow volatility, bunker oil hedging transactions were implemented, through options contracts. The derivative transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of Vale’s costs linked to bunker oil prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to bunker oil price changes. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (ton) Fair value Value at Risk Put options 2,100,000 - S 297 (29) - 9 9 (29) (ii) Protection programs for base metals raw materials and products In the operational protection program for nickel sales at fixed prices, derivative transactions were implemented to convert into floating prices the contracts with clients that required a fixed price, in order to keep nickel revenues exposed to nickel price fluctuations. Those operations are usually implemented through the purchase of nickel forwards. In the operational protection program for the purchase of raw materials and products, derivative transactions were implemented, usually through the sale of nickel and copper forward or futures, in order to reduce the mismatch between the pricing period of purchases (concentrate, cathode, sinter, scrap and others) and the pricing period of the final product sales to the clients. 73 Total(28) - 49)10)(28) Call options2,100,000-B5201))-4011)) Flow December 31,December 31,Average strikeDecember 31,December 31, 20182017 Bought / Sold(US$/ton)20182017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019 Payable US$ 613 US$ 613 Fix 4.29% EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap (1) 23 (3) 8 (7) (5) 9 Flow December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Index Average rate December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019 2020 2021+

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat The derivative transactions are negotiated at London Metal Exchange or over-the-counter and the protected item is part of Vale’s revenues and costs linked to nickel and copper prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to nickel and copper prices changes. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Notional (ton) Fair value Value at Risk Fair value by year Nickel forwards 7,244 9,621 B 12,166 (10) 24 7 2 (8) (2) Raw material purchase protection Copper forwards 81 79 S 6,142 - - - - - - c) Freight derivative positions In order to reduce the impact of maritime freight price volatility on the company’s cash flow, freight hedging transactions were implemented, through Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs). The protected item is part of Vale’s costs linked to maritime freight spot prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows of the FFAs are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to freight price changes. The FFAs are contracts traded over the counter and can be cleared through a Clearing House, in this case subject to margin requirements. Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (days) Fair value Value at Risk d) Wheaton Precious Metals Corp. warrants The company owns warrants of Wheaton Precious Metals Corp. (“Wheaton”), a Canadian company with stocks negotiated in Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange. Such warrants configure American call options and were received as part of the payment regarding the sale of part of gold payable flows produced as a sub product from Salobo copper mine and some nickel mines in Sudbury. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (quantity) Fair value Value at Risk e) Debentures convertible into shares of Valor da Logística Integrada (“VLI”) The company has debentures in which lenders have the option to convert the outstanding debt into a specified quantity of shares of VLI owned by the company. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (quantity) Fair value Value at Risk 74 Conversion options140,239140,239S8,006(59)(57)-4(59) Flow December 31, December 31, 20182017 Average strike Bought / Sold(R$/share) DecemberDecember 31, 201831, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2027 Call options10,000,00010,000,000B44839-18 Flow December 31, December 31, 20182017 Bought /Average strike Sold(US$/share) December 31, December 31, 20182017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2023 Freight forwards480-B14,5091-(3)-1 Flow December 31, December 31, Bought /Average strikeDecember 31, December 31, 20182017Sold(US$/day)20182017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019 Total (10) 24 8 2 (8) (2) Nickel forwards 120 292 S 12,242 - - 1 - - - Fixed price sales protection Flow December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Bought / Sold Average strike (US$/ton) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019 2020+

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat f) Options related to Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) shares The Company entered into a stock sale and purchase agreement that has options related to MBR shares. Mainly, the Company has the right to buy back this non-controlling interest in the subsidiary. Moreover, under certain restrict and contingent conditions, which are beyond the buyer’s control, such as illegality due to changes in the law, the contract has a clause that gives the buyer the right to sell back its stake to the Company. It this case, the Company could settle through cash or shares. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (quantity, in millions) Fair value Value at Risk g) Embedded derivatives in contracts The Company has some nickel concentrate and raw material purchase agreements in which there are provisions based on nickel and copper future prices behaviour. These provisions are considered as embedded derivatives. Fair value by year Notional (ton) Fair value Value at Risk Copper forwards 2,035 2,718 S 6,172 - - - - The Company has also a natural gas purchase agreement in which there´s a clause that defines that a premium can be charged if the Company’s pellet sales prices trade above a pre-defined level. This clause is considered an embedded derivative. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Notional (volume/month) Fair value Value at Risk Fair value by year In August 2014 the Company sold part of its stake in Valor da Logística Integrada (“VLI”) to an investment fund managed by Brookfield Asset Management ("Brookfield"). The sales contract includes a clause that establishes, under certain conditions, a minimum return guarantee on Brookfield's investment. This clause is considered an embedded derivative, with payoff equivalent to that of a put option. Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) Fair value by year Notional (quantity) Fair value Value at Risk 75 Put option1,105,070,8631,105,070,863S3.88(103)(133)-10(103) Flow December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Bought /Average strike Sold(R$/share) DecemberDecember 31, 201831, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019+ Call options746,667746,667S233(1)(2)-1-(1) Flow December 31, December 31, 20182017 Bought /Average strike Sold(US$/ton) December December 31, 201831, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 20192020+ Total 2 11 2 Nickel forwards3,7632,627S11,2892112 Flow December 31,December 31, 20182017 Bought /Average strike Sold(US$/ton) December 31,December 31,December 31, 201820172018 2019 Options 2,1392,139 B/S 1.7 279251 - 15279 Flow December 31,December 31, 20182017 Bought / Sold Average strike (R$/share) DecemberDecember 31, 201831, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 2019+

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat h) Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments The following tables present the potential value of the instruments given hypothetical stress scenarios for the main market risk factors that impact the derivative positions. The scenarios were defined as follows: - Probable: the probable scenario was based on the risks listed below and instruments were developed based on data from B3, Central Bank of Brazil, London Metals Exchange and Bloomberg - Scenario I: fair value estimated considering a 25% deterioration in the associated risk variables - Scenario II: fair value estimated considering a 50% deterioration in the associated risk variables Instrument Instrument's main risk events Probable Scenario I Scenario II CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (46) (154) (262) Brazilian interest rate increase (46) (46) (46) US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (370) (378) (386) TJLP interest rate decrease (370) (379) (388) US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (56) (56) (57) TJLP interest rate decrease (56) (56) (57) US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (8) (18) (28) Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. - - IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (80) (194) (308) Brazilian interest rate increase (80) (87) (93) Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. - - IPCA vs. CDI swap Brazilian interest rate increase 89 71 55 Protected item: R$ denominated debt linked to IPCA IPCA index decrease n.a. (79) (70) EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap EUR depreciation (1) (170) (340) US$ Libor decrease (1) (16) (33) 76 Protected item: EUR denominated debtEUR depreciationn.a.170340 Euribor increase(1)(6)(11) IPCA index decrease897970 IPCA index decrease(80)(84)(87) US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease(80)(83)(87) Brazilian interest rate increase(8)(25)(40) R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swapR$ depreciation(8)(85)(161) Protected item: R$ denominated debtR$ depreciationn.a.--Brazilian interest rate increase(56)(56)(57) TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swapR$ depreciation(56)(82)(108) Protected item: R$ denominated debtR$ depreciationn.a.--Brazilian interest rate increase(370)(379)(388) TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swapR$ depreciation(370)(614)(858) Protected item: R$ denominated debtR$ depreciationn.a.--US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease(46)(50)(53)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat Instrument Instrument's main risk events Probable Scenario I Scenario II Bunker Oil protection Protected item: Part of costs linked to bunker oil prices Bunker Oil price decrease n.a. 126 283 Maritime Freight protection Protected item: Part of costs linked to maritime freight prices Freight price decrease n.a. 1 3 Nickel sales fixed price protection Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed prices Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 29 48 Purchase protection program Protected item: Part of costs linked to nickel prices Nickel price increase n.a. - - Copper forwards Copper price increase - - - Instrument Main risks Probable Scenario I Scenario II Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (nickel) Nickel price increase 2 (8) (19) Embedded derivatives - Gas purchase Pellet price increase (1) (2) (5) i) Financial counterparties’ ratings The transactions of derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents as well as investments are held with financial institutions whose exposure limits are periodically reviewed and approved by the delegated authority. The financial institutions’ credit risk is performed through a methodology that considers, among other information, ratings provided by international rating agencies. The table below presents the ratings published by agencies Moody’s and S&P regarding the main financial institutions that we had outstanding positions as of December 31, 2018. Long term ratings by counterparty Moody’s S&P Long term ratings by counterparty Moody’s S&P Banco ABC Ba3 BB-Credit Suisse Baa2 BBB+ Banco do Brasil Ba3 BB-Goldman Sachs A3 BBB+ Banco do Nordeste Ba3 BB-Intesa Sanpaolo Spa Baa1 BBB Banco Santander A2 A JP Morgan Chase & Co A2 A-Bank of America A3 A-Mega Int. Commercial Bank A1 A Bank of Mandiri Baa2 BB+ Morgan Stanley A3 BBB+ Bank Rakyat Baa2 BB+ National Bank of Canada Aa3 A Banpará - BB-Natixis A1 A+ BBVA A3 A-Royal Bank of Canada Aa2 AA-BTG Pactual Ba3 BB-Standard Bank Group Ba1 - Canadian Imperial Bank Aa2 A+ Sumitomo Mitsui Financial A1 A-CIMB Bank A3 A-Unicredit Baa1 BBB 77 CitigroupBaa1BBB+ UBSAa3A-China Construction BankA1A Standard CharteredA2BBB+ Caixa Economica FederalBa3BB-Societe GeneraleA1A BNP ParibasAa3A RabobankAa3A+ BarclaysBaa3BBB National Bank of OmanBaa3-Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJA1A-National Australia Bank NABAa3AA-Bank of Nova ScotiaAa2A+ Mizuho FinancialA1A-Bank of ChinaA1A Macquarie Group LtdA3BBB Banco VotorantimBa3BB-Itaú UnibancoBa3BB-Banco SafraBa3BB-HSBCA2A Banco de Credito del PeruBaa1BBB+ Deutsche BankA3BBB+ Banco BradescoBa3BB-Credit Agricole A1 A+ ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking Aa3 AA-Embedded derivatives - Guaranteed minimum return (VLI)VLI stock value decrease(103)(229)(442) Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (copper)Copper price increase-(3)(6) Options - MBRIron ore price decrease279186105 Conversion options - VLIVLI stock value increase(59)(94)(138) Wheaton Precious Metals Corp. warrantsWPM stock price decrease82-Protected item: Part of costs linked to copper pricesCopper price increasen.a.--Nickel forwardsNickel price increase---ForwardsNickel price decrease(10)(29)(48) ForwardsFreight price decrease1(1)(3) OptionsBunker Oil price decrease(28)(126)(283)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat j) Market curves (i) Products Nickel SPOT 10,595 JUN19 10,777 DEC19 10,943 FEB19 10,663 AUG19 10,838 DEC21 11,516 APR19 10,720 OCT19 10,891 Copper SPOT 2.63 JUN19 2.71 DEC19 2.70 FEB19 2.71 AUG19 2.70 DEC21 2.69 APR19 2.71 OCT19 2.70 Bunker Oil SPOT 334 JUN19 307 DEC19 270 FEB19 322 AUG19 297 DEC21 238 APR19 315 OCT19 283 Maritime Freight (Capesize 5TC) SPOT 14,797 JUN19 15,096 DEC19 20,350 FEB19 12,225 AUG19 16,817 Cal 2021 13,350 APR19 13,521 OCT19 20,350 (ii) Foreign exchange and interest rates US$-Brazil Interest Rate 02/01/19 4.24 12/02/19 3.61 04/01/22 3.68 04/01/19 3.55 04/01/20 3.63 10/03/22 3.69 06/03/19 3.47 10/01/20 3.64 04/03/23 3.74 08/01/19 3.52 04/01/21 3.66 10/02/23 3.74 10/01/19 3.53 10/01/21 3.67 07/01/24 3.73 Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) 2M 2.62 7M 2.78 12M 2.78 4M 2.79 9M 2.78 3Y 2.67 78 5M2.7910M2.784Y2.69 3M2.798M2.782Y2.71 1M 2.52 6M 2.78 11M 2.78 US$ Interest Rate 11/01/193.6001/03/223.6701/02/253.85 09/02/193.4707/01/213.6501/02/243.82 07/01/193.4801/04/213.6707/03/233.72 05/02/193.5007/01/203.6401/02/233.73 03/01/193.8301/02/203.6007/01/223.73 MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.) MAY1913,896NOV1920,350 MAR1913,233SEP1916,817Cal 202213,433 JAN1916,175JUL1916,817Cal 202015,613 MaturityPrice (US$/day)MaturityPrice (US$/day)MaturityPrice (US$/day) MAY19311NOV19276 MAR19319SEP19291DEC22213 JAN19327JUL19302DEC20267 MaturityPrice (US$/ton)MaturityPrice (US$/ton)MaturityPrice (US$/ton) MAY192.71NOV192.70 MAR192.71SEP192.70DEC222.70 JAN192.71JUL192.70DEC202.70 MaturityPrice (US$/lb)MaturityPrice (US$/lb)MaturityPrice (US$/lb) MAY1910,749NOV1910,916 MAR1910,692SEP1910,865DEC2211,799 JAN1910,637JUL1910,809DEC2011,231 MaturityPrice (US$/ton)MaturityPrice (US$/ton)MaturityPrice (US$/ton)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stat TJLP 02/01/19 6.98 12/02/19 6.98 04/01/22 6.98 04/01/19 6.98 04/01/20 6.98 10/03/22 6.98 06/03/19 6.98 10/01/20 6.98 04/03/23 6.98 08/01/19 6.98 04/01/21 6.98 10/02/23 6.98 10/01/19 6.98 10/01/21 6.98 07/01/24 6.98 BRL Interest Rate 02/01/19 6.41 12/02/19 6.53 04/01/22 8.17 04/01/19 6.43 04/01/20 6.70 10/03/22 8.43 06/03/19 6.44 10/01/20 7.16 04/03/23 8.64 08/01/19 6.46 04/01/21 7.59 10/02/23 8.79 10/01/19 6.49 10/01/21 7.95 07/01/24 8.98 Implicit Inflation (IPCA) 02/01/19 3.74 12/02/19 3.87 04/01/22 4.03 04/01/19 3.77 04/01/20 3.81 10/03/22 4.11 06/03/19 3.78 10/01/20 3.90 04/03/23 4.18 08/01/19 3.79 04/01/21 3.98 10/02/23 4.22 10/01/19 3.83 10/01/21 4.04 07/01/24 4.30 Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) 2M (0.38) 7M (0.26) 12M (0.23) 4M (0.32) 9M (0.25) 3Y (0.08) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) 2M 2.29 7M 2.00 12M 1.13 4M 2.32 9M 1.54 3Y 2.31 Currencies - Ending rates 79 CAD/US$0.7341US$/BRL3.8748EUR/US$1.1452 5M2.3310M1.374Y2.35 3M2.318M1.742Y2.29 1M 2.30 6M 2.34 11M 1.24 CAD Interest Rate 5M(0.29)10M(0.24)4Y0.05 3M(0.36)8M(0.25)2Y(0.17) 1M (0.41) 6M (0.28) 11M (0.24) EUR Interest Rate 11/01/193.8501/03/224.0501/02/254.35 09/02/193.7907/01/214.0101/02/244.25 07/01/193.7901/04/213.9307/03/234.19 05/02/193.7807/01/203.8801/02/234.14 03/01/193.7501/02/203.8807/01/224.12 MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.) 11/01/196.5201/03/228.0801/02/259.1 09/02/196.4607/01/217.7701/02/248.86 07/01/196.4501/04/217.3607/03/238.70 05/02/196.4407/01/206.9101/02/238.53 03/01/196.4201/02/206.5507/01/228.35 MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.) 11/01/196.9801/03/226.9801/02/256.98 09/02/196.9807/01/216.9801/02/246.98 07/01/196.9801/04/216.9807/03/236.98 05/02/196.9807/01/206.9801/02/236.98 03/01/196.9801/02/206.9807/01/226.98 MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.)MaturityRate (% p.a.)

Financial Statements December 31, 2018 BRGAAP in R$ (English)

Vale S.A. Financial Statements Contents Independent auditor’s report on the financial statements 3 Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 7 Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Financial Position 9 Consolidated and Parent Company Value Added Statement 1. Corporate information 3. Brumadinho’s dam failure 5. Costs and expenses by nature 7. Streaming transactions 9. Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share 11. Inventories 13. Other financial assets and liabilities 15. Subsidiaries 17. Noncontrolling interest 19. Property, plant and equipment 21. Loans, borrowings and cash and cash equivalents 23. Financial instruments classification 25. Derivative financial instruments 27. Asset retirement obligations 29. Employee benefits 31. Related parties 33. Risk management 2 34. Additional information about derivatives financial instruments 32. Commitments 30. Stockholders’ equity 28. Litigation 26. Provisions 24. Fair value estimate 22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 20. Impairment and onerous contracts 18. Intangibles 16. Investments 14. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale and discontinued operations 12. Recoverable taxes 10. Accounts receivable 8. Income taxes 6. Financial results 4. Information by business segment and by geographic area 2. Basis for preparation of the financial statements Notes to the Financial Statements11 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity10 Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Cash Flows8 Consolidated and Parent Company Income Statement6 Page

KPMG Auditores lndependentes Rua do Passeio, 38 - Setor 2 - 17° andar - Centro 20021-290 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brasil Caixa Postal2888 - CEP 20001-970 - Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brasil Telefone +55 (21) 2207-9400,Fax +55 (21) 2207-9000 www.kpmg.com.br Independent auditor's report on the financial statements (A free translation of the origin91 reporl in Porluguese as published in Brazil containing financial statement prepared In accordance with accounting practices adopted In Brazil and rules of the International Financial Reporllng Standards - /FRS) To The Stockholders,Board Members and Management of Vale SA Rio de Janeiro - RJ OpiniOn We have audited the individualand consolidated financialstatements of Vale S.A. ("the Company"), identified as Parent Company and Consolidated,respectively,which comprise the Individualand consolidated balance sheet as of December 31,2018,andlhe related statements ofincome, comprehensive income,changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended,as well as the related notes,comprising significant accounting policies and other explanatory information. In our opinion, the aforementioned financial statements present fairly,In all material respects,the individual and consolidated financial position of Vale S.A.as of December 31, 2018, its Individualand consolidated financialperformance and its individual and consolidated cash flows for the year then endedin accordance with accounting practices adoptedin Brazil and tn accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS),as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board -IASB. Basts for Opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' Responsibilities for the Audit of the Individual and consolidated FinancialStatements section or our report. We areindependent of the Company and Its subsidiaries in accordance with the ethicalrequirements of Ethics Standards Boards for Accountants and Professional Standardissued by FederalAccounting Council, and we have fu filled our other ethicalresponsibilities In accordance with these requirements.We belie'le that the audit evidence we have obtainedis sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. _,.,... m• IOCilold.tOI al l.otll l I hf • o._;> _. Auol II O.lil<n=IIV' ,Je l!'t" ••• · 1"1. c ...,.. l'i"\10 • "'t i<!Wolll'lbS:IISI. ;.1 3

Emphasis -Subsequent Event Without qualifying our report further, we draw your attention to Note 3 to theindividual and consolidated financial statements of the Company, which describes the Brumadinho dam failure,which occurred at the Company's operat ng facilities, on January 25,2019.The Company's management considered that the event Is not a condition that existed at the end of the report ng period, and therefore does not require adjustments In the book values recognizedin the financial statements as of December 3t,2018. The amounts disclosed in the Note related to this event are based on Management's best estimates,but, at the current stage of the Investigations,assessments of the causes and possible third parties lawsuits,it is not possible to reliably measure all costs that the Company may incur for the purposes of disclosure in the financial statements. Key Audit Matters Key audit malters are those matters that,In our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the individual and consolidated financialstaterments as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 1. Impairment -Individualand consolidated financialstatements As per Notes 17,18 and 19 to the financial statements Matter The assessment with respect to the recoverability of property,plant and equipment ("PP&E") Intangible assets and goodwill, and definition of Cash-Generating Units (CGUs) encompasses significant judgments concerning factors related to the level of future production, commodities price, production cost and economic assumptions such as discount rates. Inflat on rates and exchange rates of the countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operates.Due to the materiality of PP&E.intangible assets and goodwill, and to the level of uncertainty for determining the related impairment, which mayimpact the value of those assets in the Individualand consolidated financialstatements and the value of the Investment recorded under the equity pick-up method in the parent company's financial statements, we considered thi s subject as a significant matter for the audit. Our procedures included, among others: • Design,Implementation and operating effectiveness testing of the key Internal controls on the valuation of the Company's assets, including those aimed at identifying anyindication of loss and/or he need for recording or reversing Impairment; • Assessment of the Company's assumptions and estimates to determine the recoverable value of its assets, including the ones related to production, production cost,capital investments,discount rates and exchange rates; • Assessment of the definition and identification criteria for Cash-Generating Units (CGUs); • Assessment, with the support of our specialistsin economic and financial assumptions, of the cash flow forecast and the assumptions used in the preparation of the cash flow forecasts and comparasion of those assumptions with mari<et information and based on our knowledge of the Company and Industry,preparation of sensitivity analysis; 11.1''-"':i ....,<Ill,_ .. mool loel:lilltl.hll •• l II 111•1• lll • IIIP!OI -o Mrwtltoi'J"t.ICO! P'II,..._ftt; o l• ......! • aaarPMO IO''l<l lllf"......... 4

• Arithmetic checking of the economic models regarding future cash flows and forecast results,combining them with accounting information and management reports and approved business plans;and • Assessment of the disclosure In relation to the testing of the value In use and the comparison of the latter with the fair value,net of costs to sell,in the applicable cases. Based on the evidence obtained through the summarized procedures above,we considered acceptable the balances presented for property.plant and equipment. intangible assets and goodwill,as well as the respective disclosures in the accompanying notes, in the context of theindividual and consolidated financialstatements taken as a whole,for the year ended December 31,2018. 2. Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) - Individualand consolidated financialstatements As per Notes 25 and 26 to the financial statements Matter As a result of its operations, the Company and Its subsidiaries incurs in obilgations to restore and rehabilitate the environment on retiring the areas. The areas and environment rehabilitation Is required by the combination of both the legislation In force and the Company's and its subsidiaries's policies.Estimating costs related to those future activities requires considerable judgmentin relation to factors such as how long a certain area will be used, the time required to rehabilitate and certain economic assumptions such as the discount rate and foreign currency exchange rates.Due to the relevance of the assel retirement obligations and the level of uncertainty for the determination of tts estimate, which may impact the amount of this provision In the Individual and consolidated financial statements and the amount of the investment recorded under the equity pick-up method in the financial statements of the parent company,we consider this subject as a significant matter for the audit. Our procedures included, among others: • Design,Implementation and operating effectiveness testing of the key internal controls related to the determination of estimates for the asset retirement obligation provision to restore and rehabilitate areas commercially exploited by the Company; • Analysis of assumptions used,including the base cost of the areas to be left,inflation rates. discount rates and lisk rates; • Analysis of the provision movement for the year related to the retired,restorect/rehabilitated areas,and the reel vant environmental obligation. aiming at verifying the primary inputs such as costs, inflation and discount rates. as well as an approved ret rement plan; • Assessment,with the support of our corporate finance specialists. the assumptions used In preparation of the estimative of the asset retirement obligation provision to restore and rehabilitate areas commercially exploited by the Company; • Arithmetic review of the estimative results. comparing them with the accounting Information and management reports: and co>YCi """'l.u..t.,...... mtu ;Sa•aU :Iaf.o llllilr,,:M th II .-11m IIOCMOdllt 1 t'il.a. 11 • mo• J'IU .. . .,<! ""-.FM"J "•" ·• m• n 11n ••••uur•.a. :.PJ.r , tnt.•Q I!IIIe4 ;oda11i& ."'VV .." <..... 1(1'ViJ z,..(1(PI.!• IITIII IC w.J,ol ln1ll 5

• Assessement of the disclosure inrelation to the obligations to rehabilitate the environment on retiring the areas. Based on the evidence obtained through the procedures described above.we considered acceptable the balance of the asset retirement obligation provision to restore and rehabilitate areas commercially e:<ploited by the Company and its respectives disclosures, in the context of theindividual and consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, for the year ended December 31, 2018. 3. Income taxes · Individual and consolidated financial statements As per Note 8 to the financialstatements. Matter The Compony ond itc cubcidioricG hove opcrotionc in voriouc countricc, coch one with itc ovm taxation regime.The nature of the Company's activities triggers various tax liabilities, including tax on income,and socialcontributions. The nature of the Company's commodit es export operations also create complexities related to international transfer pricing Issues. Applying tax legislation Is a complex and highly specialized activity,which requires judgment for the assessment of tax exposure estimates and for quantification of contingent liabilities. Due to the levelof uncertainty and judgment involved in determining this estimate that may impact the amount recorded in the individual and consolidated financialstatements and the amount of theInvestment recorded under the equity pick-up method in the parent company's nnancialstatements, we consider this subject as a significant matter for the audit. Our procedures included, among others: • Design,implementation and operat ng effectiveness testing of the key internal controls related to the determination of es:lmates for recording the amounts of provisions for taxes and contributions payable and ta1.es to be offset by the Company and its subsidiaries; • With the support of our specialists from the tax department,we assess the criteria used for determinin9 and payin9 taxes and contributions and the assumpt ons used by the Company and its subsidiaries to determine :he provisions and amounts disclosed as tax exposure and contingencies; • We compare the assumptions used by the Company and its subsidiaries with the tax legislation applicable to each jurisdiction, and in relation to market pract ces and assessments performed by ourselves, based on our knowledge of and experience in the Company's operations in the use of the aforementioned legislation and on applicable precedents and sentences;and • Assessment of the Company and ils subsidiaries's disclosures In particular of current and deferred taxes and contributions and possible tax exposure. Based on the evidence obtained through the summarized procedures above, we considered acceptable the balance of deferred taxes and contr butions payable onincome and its respectives disclosures, In the context of the Individualand consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, for the year ended December 31,2018. IJ"" 11QI: IIiVUn'tal ...,.,.11 IIftrm '"lins.klnl • ftrm;a f' ;>Vi 4 ......... flliiL o01 MC.ll04>ielal OllmfuQ41 .... I('PWU <JCt !l!'dWo'-"''ltf'llht <>! G.oaliUd.U 4 kP'to!i lo l't?IIUllltnroofr .-• 1 mntr,t:Ol .....c -,..,.. .. ! w:<>un 'ta"Wlllld • 1'-PW.:i a.sw W.IIIOIO:IAIIIC<lelce!.al.. lllil'lfllnblrtWol • ,1 6

Other Information - Statement of Added Value The individual and consolidated statements of value added (DVA) for the year ended December 31, 2018,prepared under the responsibility of the Company's management,and presented as supplementary information for IFRS purposes, was submitted for the auditing proc9{]ures JOintly wnn auan or me company's nnanc1a1 statements.For me purposes or forming our opinion,we evaluate whether these statements are reconclied with the financial statements and accounting records,as applicable,andif their form and content are in accordance with the criteria as definedln Technical Pronouncement CPC 09 - Statement of Added Value.In our opinion,this statement of value added have been properly prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the criteria defined in this Technical Pronouncement andis consistent with the individual and consolidated financial statements taken as a whole. Other Information accompanying the Individualand consolidated financial statements and the auditor's report Management Is responsible for the other information, which comprises the Management report. Our opinion on the individualand consolidated financialstatements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the indvi idual and consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the Management Report and, in doing so, consider whether the other informationis materially inconsistent with the financialstatements or our knowledge obtainedin the audit, or otheiWise appears to be materially misstated. I f, based on the work we have performed,we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this Management Report, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report regarding this matter. Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the Individualand consolidated financialstatements Management Is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the Individualand consolidated financial statements In accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazll and In accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (!FRS),as Issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).and for such Internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation ofindividual and consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement.whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the Individual and consolidated f nancialstatements, management is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. disclosing, as applicable. matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company and subsidiaries or to cease operations.or has no realistic alternative but to do so. Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's and its subsidiaries financial reporting process. Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the Individualand consolidated financial statements •J.'U,"-4!1 ,.....,...._. •iit\Uiiolfl ·· ""t oi,I(F'I.IQ,..-florrt .It!lmMitll-:l'omiii•I!IUiall-.lllii"'V l'«t.W (ICPU .........rio • • •'· ·A a •Jn.I!3AUililO <nf1fl).U-I(PJJulle 1o "101 .-.mb 0111:::*'1 u:t4•o !lloo!lli AI'P\v.i ....m.-on.IC00011'511.. '"'W.Int. ;, ;,.,!!4aeleo....e.e 7

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the individual and consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from materialmisstatement,whether due to fraud or error, and toissue an auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high levelof assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered materialif, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected toinfluence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these individualand consolidated financial statements. As part of an audit in accordance with BrazJIIan andInternat onal Standards on Auditing, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audH. We also: • Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the indivdi ualand consolidated financialstatements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obta n audit evidence that Is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of noldetecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery,intentionalomissions. misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Obtain an understanding ofinternalcontrol relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's and its subsidiaries' internalcontrol. • Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management. • Conclude on the appropriateness of management's use of the going concern basis of accounting and,based on the audit evidence obtained,whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's and Its subsidiaries' ability to continue as a going concern.If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attentionin our auditors' report to the related disclosures in the individual and consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors' report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company and its subsidiaries' to cease to continue as a going concern. • Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the individual and consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. • Obtain sufficient appropriate audH evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the individual and the consolidated financialstatements.We are responsible for the direct on, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding,among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings,including any significant deficiencies in internal controlthat we identify dur ng our audit. • 10 llllliC.· <tl.... t•• r;...,. """""'.tu.o.lnnK...... I!J>UQ......,_,. .. .11181&: 01«0'1)4IIUIII l4/I'.ICIIeolt\MI;;I fll•f'.FtiOo..MQft.-1lmllr.(ICI II ll•l!'llalllllll'II!IIO"II -tin> U fll06 •;.PI.fG :I r.-•mbrt; Clo:k·:IO''WKtll•lo •.. odll• .I KPVC ...,. .o ec.opeau.. Pt.IO. '",,• •:"VU ,, •llllr4l 1 •JU •, lnl'll C«opn 8

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding Independence. and communicate with them all relat onships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence. and where applicable, related safeguards. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.We describe these mattersin our auditors' report unlesslaw or regulat on precludes public disclosure about the matter. or, when in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated In our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public Interest benefits of such communicat on. Rio de Janeiro, March 27, 2019 KPMG Auditores lndependentes CRC SP-014428/0-6 F-RJ (Original report In Portuguese signed by) Bernardo Moreira Peixoto Neto Accountant CRC RJ-064887/0-8 -"MAol.!<ll:lw:ll!. llla ..moiiiC:I;.Gtloldlt•l •1111.,.• ... I'.I'U::A ,.,._....,..... N Ill 111!.1 lk••.ai'J"t.lo:;o.nt,.o;a.,.,.,,t; lliflllla11! • aaar • ?MY lff , 'tl '" \IU.,....... '''""""*"'-f"v.J "'•..W... ...,_.. Q'V ! 9

Income Statement In millions of Brazilian reais, except earnings per share data Year ended December 31 Continuing operations Cost of goods sold and services rendered 5(a) (81,201) (67,257) (61,143) (39,051) (33,327) Selling and administrative expenses 5(b) (1,917) (1,697) (1,755) (959) (959) Pre operating and operational stoppage (984) (1,317) (1,570) (754) (941) Other operating expenses, net 5(c) (1,613) (1,338) (937) (1,163) (893) Impairment and disposal of non-current assets 16, 19 and 20 (3,523) (1,025) (4,168) (792) (549) Financial expenses 6 (8,394) (10,512) (9,295) (7,673) (9,503) Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 16 and 22 (693) (277) (3,242) (693) (277) Current tax (2,806) (2,664) (3,307) (1,172) (1,158) 966 (4,607) (9,567) 2,340 (2,115) Net income from continuing operations 26,084 20,278 17,455 25,967 20,213 Net income from continuing operations attributable to Vale's stockholders 25,967 20,213 17,461 25,967 20,213 Discontinued operations 14 Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - (22) (9) - - Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 117 43 (15) - - Basic and diluted earnings per share: 9 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 10 Common share (R$)4.953.392.564.953.39 Earnings per share attributable to Vale's stockholders: Net income attributable to Vale's stockholders25,657 17,627 13,311 25,657 17,627 Net income25,77417,67013,29625,65717,627 Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Vale's stockholders(310) (2,586) (4,150) (310) (2,586) Loss from discontinued operations(310)(2,608)(4,159)(310)(2,586) Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests11765(6)--Deferred tax3,772(1,943)(6,260)3,512(957) Income taxes8 Income before income taxes25,118 24,885 27,022 23,627 22,328 Other financial items6(11,213)(670)14,991(10,059)(222) Financial income61,5491,532606282364 Operating income43,869 34,812 23,962 41,770 31,966 (5,890) (5,438) (5,360) 480 1,805 Equity results from subsidiaries---4,1955,277 Research and evaluation expenses(1,376)(1,086)(1,098)(839)(679) Operating expenses Gross profit53,282 41,275 33,490 42,082 30,710 Net operating revenue4(e)134,483108,53294,63381,13364,037 Notes20182017201620182017 ConsolidatedParent company

Statement of Comprehensive Income In millions of Brazilian reais Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Other comprehensive income (loss): Retirement benefit obligations 142 (164) (266) (112) (125) Equity results in associates and joint ventures - - - 301 (39) Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement, net of tax 366 (164) (266) 366 (164) Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement Cash flow hedge - - 36 - - Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement, net of tax 12,326 2,993 (14,424) 12,174 2,999 Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vale's stockholders 38,197 20,462 (471) From discontinued operations 16 (106) (458) Items above are stated net of tax and the related taxes are disclosed in note 8. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 11 38,197 20,462 (471) From continuing operations 38,181 20,568 (13) Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests26937(923) Total comprehensive income (loss)38,466 20,499 (1,394) 38,197 20,462 Net investments hedge(1,958)(310)4(1,958)(310) Transfer of realized results to net income(257)(34)(276)(112)-Translation adjustments14,5413,337(14,188)14,2443,309 Transfer to reserve(51)--(51)-Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities275--228-Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement Net income25,77417,670 13,29625,65717,627 Year ended December 31

Statement of Cash Flows In millions of Brazilian reais Year ended December 31 Cash flow from operating activities: Adjusted for: Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 693 277 3,242 693 277 Depreciation, amortization and depletion 12,240 11,842 12,107 6,059 5,604 Changes in assets and liabilities: Inventories (2,994) (1,030) 616 (174) (612) Provision - Payroll, related charges and others remunerations 349 1,236 435 514 980 Other assets and liabilities, net (482) (2,702) 1,854 717 163 Interest on loans and borrowings paid (note 21) (4,023) (5,373) (5,894) (5,769) (5,911) Interest on participative stockholders' debentures paid (400) (428) (268) (400) (428) Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations 47,920 39,971 21,137 30,597 40,077 Cash flow from investing activities: Additions to investments (79) (292) (875) (1,515) (1,895) Dividends and interest on capital received 922 739 669 2,836 2,645 Proceeds from gold stream transaction - - 885 - - Loans and borrowings from third-parties (note 21) 4,584 6,223 25,667 4,584 2,014 Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (12,415) (4,667) (857) (12,415) (4,667) Share buyback program (note 30) (3,858) - - (3,858) - Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations (40,529) (28,031) (2,861) (27,061) (23,711) Net cash used in discontinued operations (note 14) (157) (817) (527) - - Increase in cash and cash equivalents 6,310 433 2,076 2,959 291 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 2,170 38 (2,207) - - Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 22,413 14,318 13,891 4,835 1,876 Non-cash transactions: (1) Includes loans and advances from/to related parties. For the year ended December 31, 2018, includes proceeds received from Nacala project finance (note 31b) in the amount of R$8,434. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 12 Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 704 1,179 2,291 700 1,176 Effects of disposals of subsidiaries and merger, net of cash and cash equivalents (385) (44) - - 382 Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the year 14,318 13,891 14,022 1,876 1,203 Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders (56) (305) (69) - - Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest (635) (404) (972) - - Payments of loans and borrowings from third-parties (note 21) (28,149) (28,878) (26,630) (15,372) (21,058) Cash flow from financing activities: Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations (924) (10,690) (15,673) (577) (16,075) Others investments activities, net (1) 7,173 (1,827) (794) 5,810 (8,435) Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments 4,959 2,926 1,785 492 23 Capital expenditures (13,899) (12,236) (17,343) (8,200) (8,413) Income taxes (including settlement program) (4,089) (3,322) (2,827) (1,932) (2,351) Derivatives paid, net (250) (763) (5,604) (381) (577) 56,682 49,857 35,730 39,079 49,344 Proceeds from cobalt and gold stream transactions 2,603 - 1,683 - - Suppliers and contractors (1,414) 691 768 (642) 670 Accounts receivable (1,012) 3,983 (9,863) (5,762) 15,301 Financial results, net 18,058 9,650 (6,302) 17,450 9,361 Impairment and disposal of non-current assets 3,523 1,025 4,168 792 549 Equity results from subsidiaries - - - (4,195) (5,277) Income before income taxes from continuing operations 25,118 24,885 27,022 23,627 22,328 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Consolidated Parent company

Statement of Financial Position In millions of Brazilian reais Notes December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Current assets Accounts receivable 10 10,261 8,602 17,333 9,560 Inventories 11 17,216 12,987 4,775 4,601 Recoverable taxes 12 3,422 3,876 2,024 2,091 59,256 50,836 33,361 22,457 Non-current assets held for sale 14 - 11,865 - 7,082 Non-current assets Other financial assets 13 12,180 10,690 5,276 1,865 Recoverable taxes 12 2,913 2,109 2,281 2,062 Others 1,015 882 1,163 810 Intangibles 18 30,850 28,094 15,622 13,471 282,457 265,396 291,478 258,883 Current liabilities Loans and borrowings 21 3,889 5,633 2,523 4,378 Taxes payable 8(d) 2,519 2,307 2,238 1,991 Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 22 1,120 1,080 1,120 1,080 Dividends and interest on capital 30(d) - 4,742 - 4,439 35,285 39,458 24,586 29,260 35,285 43,357 24,586 29,260 Loans and borrowings 21 56,039 68,759 23,082 28,966 Taxes payable 8(d) 15,179 16,176 14,876 15,853 Provisions 26 27,491 23,243 9,758 6,900 Deferred revenue - Gold stream 6,212 6,117 - - 132,745 136,634 129,850 115,404 Equity attributable to Vale's stockholders 170,403 143,758 170,403 143,758 Total stockholders' equity 173,683 148,106 170,403 143,758 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 13 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity341,713 328,097 324,839 288,422 Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests3,2804,348--Stockholders' equity30 Total liabilities168,030 179,991 154,436 144,664 Others8,1514,8617,1686,514 Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures223,2262,2163,2262,216 Deferred income taxes8(a)5,9365,687--Other financial liabilities1310,5119,57571,74054,955 Non-current liabilities Liabilities associated with non-current assets held for sale14-3,899--Others1,8433,2842,7432,552 Provisions265,2784,6103,3312,904 Provision for income taxes8131,175206-Other financial liabilities136,2133,2605,0834,413 Suppliers and contractors13,61013,3677,3427,503 Liabilities Total assets341,713 328,097 324,839 288,422 Property, plant and equipment19187,481181,535103,816102,978 Investments1612,49511,802139,510117,387 51,631 43,965 32,530 25,047 Deferred income taxes8(a)26,76721,95917,53614,200 Prepaid income taxes2,1071,754--Judicial deposits28(c)6,6496,5716,2746,110 59,256 62,701 33,361 29,539 Others2,1571,7802,0961,542 Prepaid income taxes2,1042,5841,9382,378 Other financial assets131,6836,689360409 Cash and cash equivalents22,41314,3184,8351,876 Assets ConsolidatedParent company

Statement of Changes in Equity In millions of Brazilian reais Results on conversion of shares Net ownership changes in subsidiaries Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Cumulative translation adjustments Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholders' equity Share capital Capital reserve Profit reserves Treasury stocks Retained earnings Net income (loss) - - - - - - - - 13,311 13,311 (15) 13,296 Retirement benefit obligations - - - - - - (263) - - (263) (3) (266) Available-for-sale financial instruments - - - - - - 4 - - 4 - 4 Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (961) (961) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 90 90 Balance at December 31, 2016 77,300 50 - (1,870) 13,698 (2,746) (3,739) 44,548 - 127,241 6,461 133,702 Other comprehensive income: Net investments hedge - - - - - - - (310) - (310) - (310) Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (627) (627) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 106 106 Merger of Valepar (note 30) - - 3,634 - - - - - - 3,634 - 3,634 Net income - - - - - - - - 25,657 25,657 117 25,774 Retirement benefit obligations - - - (51) - - 142 - - 91 - 91 Net investments hedge - - - - - - - (1,958) - (1,958) - (1,958) Transactions with stockholders: Dividends of noncontrolling interest - - - - - - - - - - (629) (629) Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances - - - - - - - - - - 49 49 Share buyback program - - - - - (3,858) - - - (3,858) - (3,858) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 14 Balance at December 31, 201877,300 50 3,634 (2,714) 42,502 (6,604) (3,248) 59,483 - 170,403 3,280 173,683 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings ----17,963---(17,963)---Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest ----------(757)(757) Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders --------(7,694)(7,694)-(7,694) Translation adjustments------24713,885-14,13215214,284 Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities------275--275-275 Other comprehensive income: Balance at December 31, 201777,300 50 3,634 (2,663) 24,539 (2,746) (3,912) 47,556 - 143,758 4,348 148,106 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings ----12,906---(12,906)---Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest ---(793)-----(793)(1,629)(2,422) Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders ----(2,065)---(4,721)(6,786)-(6,786) Translation adjustments------(9)3,318-3,309(6)3,303 Retirement benefit obligations ------(164)--(164)-(164) Net income - - - - - - - - 17,627 17,627 43 17,670 Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings ----9,852---(9,852)---Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling interest ---11-----11(4)7 Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders --------(3,459)(3,459)-(3,459) Translation adjustments------367(13,916)-(13,549)(905)(14,454) Cash flow hedge------26--26-26 Other comprehensive income: Balance at December 31, 201577,300 50 - (1,881) 3,846 (2,746) (3,873) 58,464 - 131,160 8,259 139,419

Value Added Statement In millions of Brazilian Reais Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2018 2017 Gross revenue Impairment and disposal of non-current assets (3,523) (1,025) (792) (549) Expected credit losses (26) (14) (5) 4 Less: Material, service and maintenance (35,592) (27,022) (19,878) (16,796) Energy (3,335) (3,108) (1,700) (1,470) Other costs and expenses (10,172) (7,681) (7,158) (3,027) Depreciation, amortization and depletion (12,240) (11,842) (6,059) (5,604) Equity results from entities (693) (277) 3,502 5,366 Financial income 1,549 1,532 282 364 Total value added from continuing operations to be distributed 70,132 51,538 59,460 43,474 Total value added to be distributed 70,190 53,072 59,460 43,474 Personnel 9,367 7,673 4,975 3,702 Current income tax 2,806 2,664 1,172 1,158 Financial expense (excludes capitalized interest) 9,244 11,325 8,176 8,483 Other remunerations of third party funds 3,508 1,058 5,414 3,069 Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 117 65 - - Distributed value added from discontinued operations 58 1,534 - - The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 15 Distributed value added 70,190 53,072 59,460 43,474 Distributed value added from continuing operations 70,132 51,538 59,460 43,474 Reinvested net income 25,65717,62725,65717,627 Monetary and exchange variation of liabilities 11,6622,63011,7121,950 Deferred income tax (3,772)1,943(3,512)957 Taxes and contributions 11,5436,5535,8666,528 Value added from discontinued operations to be distributed 581,534--Monetary and exchange variation of assets 1,4555002,242443 Equity results from discontinued operations ---(2,952) Received from third parties Net value added 67,821 49,783 53,434 40,253 Gross value added80,061 61,625 59,493 45,857 Freight(15,972)(10,717)(158)(106) Oil and gas(5,682)(4,199)(3,725)(2,872) Acquisition of products(1,901)(1,728)(761)(652) Other revenues7,6396633,338419 Revenue from the construction of own assets12,6206,4498,0315,857 Revenue from products and services136,005110,00782,30165,049 Generation of value added from continuing operations Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 1. Corporate information Vale S.A. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Vale” or “Company”) are global producers of iron ore and iron ore pellets, key raw materials for steelmaking, and producers of nickel, which is used to produce stainless steel and metal alloys employed in the production of several products. The Company also produces copper, metallurgical and thermal coal, manganese ore, ferroalloys, platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. The information by segment is presented in note 4. Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo – B3 S.A. (VALE3), New York - NYSE (VALE), Paris - NYSE Euronext (VALE3) and Madrid – LATIBEX (XVALO). On December 22, 2017 after the conversion of the class “A” preferred shares into common shares, the Company migrated to the special listing segment of B3 S.A. (“Novo Mercado”) (further details in note 30). 2. Basis for preparation of the financial statements a) Statement of compliance The consolidated and individual financial statements of the Company (“financial statements”) have been prepared and are being presented in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as implemented in Brazil by the Brazilian Accountant Pronouncements Committee ("CPC"), approved by the Brazilian Securities Exchange Commission ("CVM") and by the Brazilian Federal Accounting Council (“CFC”). All relevant information from its own financial statements, and only this information, are being presented and correspond to those used by the Company's Management. b) Basis of presentation The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as adjusted to reflect: (i) the f air value of financial instruments measured at fair value through income statement or at fair value through the statement of comprehensive income; a nd (ii) impairment of assets. The issue of these financial statements was authorized by the Board of Directors on March 27, 2019. c) Functional currency and presentation currency The financial statements of the Company and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”), which in the case of the Parent Company is the Brazilian real (“R$”). For presentation purposes, these financial statements are presented in Brazilian Reais. The exchange rates used by the Company to translate its foreign operations are as follows: 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 Canadian dollar ("CAD") 2.8451 2.6344 2.4258 2.8190 2.4618 2.6280 16 Euro ("EUR" or "€")4.43903.96933.43844.30943.60883.8543 US Dollar ("US$")3.8748 3.3080 3.2591 3.6558 3.1925 3.4833 Closing rateAverage rate for the year ended

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated d) Significant accounting policies Significant and relevant accounting policies for the understanding of the recognition and measurement basis used in the preparation of these financial statements were included in the respective notes. The accounting polices applied in the preparations of these financial statements are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the financial statements of prior years, except for new accounting policies related to the application of IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments and IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which were adopted by the Company from January 1, 2018. The nature and effect of the changes as a result of adoption of these new accounting standards are described below: IFRS 9 Financial Instrument – This standard addresses the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities, new impairment model and new rules for hedge accounting. The Company applied IFRS 9 prospectively, with an initial application date of January 1, 2018. The Company has not restated the comparative information, which continues to be reported under IAS 39 - Financial Instruments. The main changes are described below: Classification and measurement - Under IFRS 9, debt instruments are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), through amortized cost, or fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”). The classification is based on the Company’s business model for managing the assets and whether the instruments’ contractual cash flows represent ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ (“SPPI”) on the principal amount outstanding. On the date of initial application of IFRS 9, the Company has assessed which business models apply to the financial assets held by the Company and has classified its financial instruments into the appropriate IFRS 9 categories. The reclassification of the financial instruments of the Company on January 1, 2018 were as follows: Financial assets IAS 39 IFRS 9 IAS 39 IFRS 9 Difference Financial investments Loans and receivables FVTPL 61 61 - Accounts receivable Loans and receivables Amortized cost 8,602 8,602 - Derivative financial instruments FVTPL FVTPL 1,497 1,497 - Related parties Loans and receivables Amortized cost 8,695 8,695 - Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors Loans and receivables Amortized cost 13,367 13,367 - Loans and borrowings Loans and receivables Amortized cost 5,633 5,633 - Derivative financial instruments FVTPL FVTPL 2,269 2,269 - Related parties Loans and receivables Amortized cost 3,226 3,226 - These reclassifications have no impact on the measurement categories. The financial instruments that were classified as “Loan s and receivables” under IAS 39 did meet the IFRS 9 criteria for classification at amortized cost, because these financial instruments are held within a business model whose objective is to hold to collect the cash flows, which represent solely payments of principal and interest. The derivatives held for trading are required to be held as FVTPL under IFRS 9, therefore there were no changes in relation to these instruments from the adoption of IFRS 9. Impairment - IFRS 9 has replaced the IAS 39’s incurred loss approach with a forward-looking expected credit loss (“ECL”) approach. For accounts receivables, the Company has applied the standard’s simplified approach and has calculated ECLs based on lifetim e expected credit losses and the identified loss is deemed not significant. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the economic environment and by any financial guarantees related to these accounts receivables. 17 Participative stockholders' debenturesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost4,0804,080-Loans and borrowingsLoans and receivablesAmortized cost68,75968,759-Non-current Related partiesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost2,9162,916-Derivative financial instrumentsFVTPLFVTPL344344-Current LoansLoans and receivablesAmortized cost498498-Non-current Related partiesLoans and receivablesAmortized cost6,2776,277-Derivative financial instrumentsFVTPLFVTPL351351-Current Measurement categoryCarrying amount

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortized cost are credit -impaired. Information about the Company’s exposure to credit risk is set out in note 33. The new impairment approach of IFRS 9 did not have a significant impact to the Company for the year ended December 31, 2018. Hedge accounting - The Company has elected to adopt the new general hedge accounting model in IFRS 9. The changes introduced by IFRS 9 relating to hedge accounting currently have no impact, as the Company does not currently apply cash flow or fair value hedge accounting. The Company currently applies the net investment hedge for which there are no changes introduced by this ne w standard (note 25). IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers – This standard establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is recognized. It replaced IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts and related interpretation s. The Company has adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective method. Accordingly, the comparative information presented has not been restated. The Company has assessed its revenue streams and the nature and effect of the changes as a result of adoption of IFRS 15 is described below: - Sales of products - Under IFRS 15, there is no significant impact on the timing of products revenue recognition, since usually the transfer of risks and rewards and the transfer of control under the sales contracts are at the same point in time. - Shipping services - A proportion of Vale’s sales are under Cost and Freight (“CFR”) and Cost, Insurance and Freight (“CIF”) Incoterms, in which the Company is responsible for providing shipping services after the date that Vale transfers control of t he goods to the customers. According to the previous standard (IAS 18), the revenue from shipping services was recognized upon loading, as we ll as the related costs, and was not considered a separate service. Under IFRS 15, the provision of shipping services for CFR and CIF contracts should be considered as a separate performance obligation in which a proportion of the transaction price would be allocated and recognized over time as the shipping services are provided. The impact on the timing of revenue recognition of the proportion that would have been allocated to the shipping service to the Company's income statement for the year ended December 31, 2018 is deemed not significant. Therefore, such revenue has not been presented separately in these financial statements. - Provisionally priced commodities sales - Under IFRS 9 and 15, the treatment of the provisional pricing mechanisms embedded within the provisionally priced commodities sales remains unmodified. Therefore, these revenues are recognized based on the estimated fair value of the total consideration receivable, and the provisionally priced sales mechanism embedded within these sale arrangements has the character of a derivative. The fair value of the sales price adjustment is recognized as operat ional revenue in the income statement. Overall, there was no material impact on the Company’s financial statement from the IFRS 15 adoption for the year ended December 31, 2018. e) Accounting standards issued but not yet effective – IFRS 16 Lease – IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in vast majority of leases being recognized in the balance sheet by lessees, as the distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to u se the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognized. There are recognition exemptions for short-term leases and leases of low-value items. The Company will apply the standard from its mandatory adoption date of January 1, 2019. Vale will appl y the simplified transition approach and will not restate comparative amounts for the year prior to first adoption. Right -of-use assets will be measured at the amount of the lease liability on adoption. As at December 31, 2018, the Company has non-cancellable operating lease commitments in the nominal amount of R$9,676 (note 32). The Company has set up a project team which has reviewed these leasing commitments over the last year in light of the new lease accounting rules in IFRS 16. Of these commitments, the Company expects to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities an amount ranging from R$6.8 billion to R$7.9 billion at present value on January 1, 2019, an amount ranging from R$900 to R$1 billion on current liabilities and R$5.9 billion to R$6.9 billion on non-current liabilities. 18

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated The actual impacts of adopting the standard may be subject to further changes because the Company has not finalized the testi ng, assessment of controls over its new IT systems and the new accounting policies are subject to change until the Company presents its first financial statements from the date of initial application. The Company has not early adopted any standards and interpretations that have been issued or amended but are not yet effectiv e for the year ended December 31, 2018. Therefore, there are no other standards that are not yet effective and that would be expected to have a material impact on the entity in the current or future reporting periods. f) Critical accounting estimates and judgments The preparation of financial statements requires the use of critical accounting estimates and the application of judgment by management in applying the Company’s accounting policies. These estimates are based on the experience, best knowledge, information available at the statement of financial position date and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in facts and circumstances may lead to the revision of these estim ates. Actual future results may differ from the estimates. The significant estimates and judgments applied by Company in the preparation of these financial statements are as follows: 7 Deferred revenue 16 Consolidation 20 Impairment of non-current assets 24 Fair values estimate 28 Litigation 19 29Employee post-retirement obligations 27Asset retirement obligations 22Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 19Mineral reserves and mines useful life 8Deferred income taxes NoteSignificant estimates and judgments

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 3. Brumadinho’s dam failure On January 25, 2019 (subsequent event), a breach has been experienced in the Dam I of the Córrego do Feijão mine, which belon gs to the Paraopebas Complex in the Southern System, located in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brasil (“Brumadinho dam”). This dam was inactive since 2016 (without additional tailings disposal) and there was no other operational activity in this structure. Due to the dam failure, 306 people lost their lives or are missing and ecosystems were affected. Around 11.7 million metric tons of iron ore waste were contained in the Brumadinho dam. It is not yet known the exact volume of iron ore waste that was released due to the dam failure. The tailings contained in the Dam I have caused an impact of around 270 km in extension, destroying some of Vale’s facilities, affecting local communities and disturbing the environment. The Paraopeba river and its ecosystems have al so been impacted by the event. The Company has not been sparing efforts to support the victims and to mitigate and recover the social and environmental damages resulting from the breach of the dam. Vale has provided support in multiple ways, aiming to ensure the humanitarian assistance to those affected by the dam breach. To determine the causes for the event, Vale has engaged a panel of independent experts. Furthermore, the Company established three Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committees to support the Board of Directors, which are composed by independent members that are unrelated to the management or to the Company’s operations to ensure that the initiatives by the committees be unbiased. Following are the committees: (i) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Investigation (“CIAEA”), dedicated to investigating the causes and responsibilities for the Brumadinho dam breach; (ii) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Support and Recovery (“CIAEAR”), dedicated to follow -up on the measures taken to support the victims and the recovery of the areas affected by the breach of the Brumadinho dam, assuring that all necessary resources will be applied; and (iii) The Extraordinary Independent Consulting Committee for Dam Safety (“CIAESB”), which will provide support to the Board of Directors in questions related to the diagnosis of safety conditions, management and risk mitigation related to Vale’s tailings dams, also providing recommendations of actions to strengthen safety conditions of those dams. In addition, Vale has determined the suspension (i) of the variable remuneration of its executives; (ii) the Shareholder’s Remuneration Policy and (iii) any other resolution related to shares buyback. The Company paid the shareholders in anticipation of the remuneration for the year, the amount of R$7,694 in September 2018, approved by the Board of Directors on July 25, 2018. This payment was higher than the minimum mandatory remuneration for the year ended December 31, 2018 and consequently no additional dividends to shareholders is required (note 30). a) Financial impacts arising from the dam failure The Company has concluded for the purpose of these financial statements that the dam breach and the following events are not a condition that existed at the end of the reporting period, and therefore does not require adjustments in the book values reco gnized in the financial statements prepared for the year ended December 31, 2018. Therefore, all accounting impacts will be re corded in 2019. At the current stage of the investigations, assessments of the causes and possible third parties lawsuits, it is not possible to have a reliable measure of all cost that the Company may incur for the purpose of disclosure in the financial statements. The amounts that are being disclosed took into consideration the best estimates by the Company´s management. i) Operation stoppages and de-characterization of the upstream dams On January 29, 2019 the Company has informed the market and Brazilian authorities its decision to speed up the plan to “de-characterize” all of its tailings dams built by the upstream method (same method as Brumadinho dam), located in Brazil. The “de-characterizing” means that the structure will be dismantled and will no longer have its original operational characteristics. 20

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated The Company is developing specific studies for the de-characterization of these dams which will be submitted for approval by the relevant authorities when concluded, in accordance with regulations and legal requirements. The estimate on January 29, 2019, based on a preliminary assessment, resulted in a total amount of R$5 billion assuming the removal and reprocessing of all tailings contained in the upstream dams, followed by the fully recovery of the sites in the “de-characterization” method. Before the event, the decommissioning plans of these dams were based on a method which aimed to ensure the physical and chemical stability of the structures, not necessarily, in all cases, removing and reprocessing the tailings contained in the dams. Since the event, the Company has been working on an individual detailed engineering plans to each of these dams to allow the total de-characterization of the structures. The Company is still developing the revised estimate for the costs to de-characterize the upstream dams and, therefore, the additional amount to the provision that will be recognized and disclosed in 2019 could not be reliab ly estimated. In order to carry out safely the de-characterization of the dams, the Company has temporarily stopped the production of the units where the upstream dams are located, as already disclosed to the market. The stoppage results in a reduction in production of approximately 40 million tons of iron ore on annual basis. In addition, the Company has other operations that are temporarily suspended due to judicial decisions or technical analysis performed by the Company on the dams, which represents a potential reduction in sales of 52.8 million tons of iron ore. The Company is working on legal and technical measures to resume these operations. For reference, the Company sold 365 million tons of iron ore and pellets in 2018. Due to the dam failure and review undertaken on the safety requirements for other dams in the Minas Gerais region, when necessary people were placed in temporary accommodation. ii) Assets write-offs Following the event and the decision to speed up the de-characterization of the upstream dams, the Company will write-off assets of the Córrego do Feijão mine and those related to the upstream dams in Brazil, resulting in a loss of R$480 in 2019, which will impact the Company's balance sheet and income statement. iii) Framework Agreements The Company has been working together with the authorities and society to remediate the environmental and social impacts of the event. As a result, the Company has started negotiations and entered into agreements with the relevant authorities a nd affected people. Public Ministry of Labor On February 15, 2019, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the Public Ministry of Labor to indemnify the direct and third-party employees of the Córrego do Feijão mine who were affected by the termination of this operation. Under the terms of the agreement, Vale will maintain the jobs of its direct employees until December 31, 2019 and will either assist terminated third party employees with a replacement or pay their salaries until December 31, 2019. The Company will also keep paying wages regularly to the missing people until the authorities have considered them as fatal victims of the event and will pay to the families of the fatal victims an amount equivalent to two thirds of their wages until December 31, 2019 or until Vale reaches the final agreement with the Public Ministry of Labor. Under the terms proposed by Vale and considering the uncertainties related to the necessary procedures to estimate the amount to be spent, including the number of individuals entitled to indemnification, the Company has estimated that this agreement will result in a provision of approximately R$850 in 2019. Moreover, the Company will provide a lifelong medical insurance benefit to the widows and widowers and a similar benefit to the dependents of the victims until they are 22 years old. Due to the preliminary stage of this agreement and considering the complexity of an actuarial estimate, it is not possible yet to determine a range of outcomes or reliable esti mates and, therefore, the amount of the provision related to this obligation could not be estimated. The Company expects to have this information during the course of 2019. 21

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Brazilian Federal Government, State of Minas Gerais, Public Prosecutors and Public Defendants On a judicial hearing that took place on February 20, 2019, in the scope of the public civil action n ° 5010709 -36.2019.8.13.0024, in process of the 6th Public Treasury Lower Court of Belo Horizonte, Vale entered into a preliminary agreement with the State of Minas Gerais, Federal Government and representatives of Public Authorities in which the Company commits to make emergency indemnification payments to the residents of Brumadinho and the communities that are located up to one kilometer from the Paraopeba river bed, from Brumadinho to the city of Pompéu, subject to registration. Due to this agreement, the Company will anticipate indemnification to each family member through monthly payments during a 12-month period, which changes based, among other factors, on the age of the beneficiary. The Company has initially estimated a provision ranging from R$1 billion to R$2 billion related to these payments, depending on the number of beneficiaries that will be registered. The agreement also includes the following measures: (i) independent technical assistance to support on the individual indemnities of those affected, if requested; and (ii) reimbursement or direct funding of the extraordinary expenses of the State of Minas Ge rais and its governmental bodies due to the dam failure, including transportation, accommodation and food expenses of the employees involved in the rescue and other emergency actions. The respective amounts are still being estimated by the State of Minas Ge rais and will be presented in Court. iv) Donations and other incurred expenses Donations Vale has offered donations of R$100 thousand to each of the families with missing members or affected by fatalities, R$50 thousand to families that resided in the Self-Saving Zone (“ZAS”) near to Brumadinho dam, R$15 thousand to business owners of the region and R$5 thousand for each family that resided in the ZAS of Sul Superior dam, which belongs to the Gongo Soco mine, in Barão de Cocais. The estimated amount spent to date is around R$62. These humanitarian donations will not be subject to any compensation with eventual indemnification obligations that the Company may have with its beneficiaries. Vale also entered into an agreement with the Brumadinho city, in which the Company will donate to the city an amount of approximately R$80 over the next 2 years. Environment and fauna The Company is building a retention dike for the tailings on the affected areas. The Company has also installed anti-turbidity barriers for sediment retention alongside the Paraopeba River. In addition, Vale has mobilized cleaning, de-sanding and dredging the Paraopeba river channel. Daily collection points of water and barriers for sediment retention were installed alongside the Paraopeba River, Três Maias reservoir and São Francisco river. Vale also has set up an exclusive structure for treatment of the rescued animals, enabling emergency care and recovery before the animals are authorized, after veterinarian assessment, to be returned to their tutors. Furthermore, the Company has agreed to pay the administrative fines imposed by the State Secretary for Environment and Sustainable Development – SEMAD MG, in the total approximated amount of R$99. The Company has incurred the following expenses up to the present moment: 2019 Administrative sanctions 99 Drilling and infrastructure 20 Medical aid and other materials 9 Others (*) 85 (*) Includes expenses with communication, accommodation, humanitarian assistance, equipment, legal services, water, food aid, taxes, among others. 22 300 Fuel and transportation8 Environmental recovery17 Donations to the affected people and to the city62 Incurred expenses

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Off the events identified at this stage, a significant portion has not been disbursed or measured. The total costs incurred with Vale's employees dedicated to providing support with matters related to the event (including wages), equipment and materials were not measured yet. b) Contingencies and other legal matters Vale is subject to significant contingencies due to the Brumadinho dam failure. Vale has already been named on several judicial and administrative proceedings brought by authorities and affected people and is currently under investigations. New contingencies are expected to come in the future. Vale is still evaluating these contingencies and will recognize a provision based on the stage of these claims. Due to the preliminary stage of the investigations and claims, it is not possible to determine a range of reliable results or estimates of potential exposure related to dam breach at this point in time. Lawsuits On January 27, 2019, following the injunctions granted upon the requests of the Public Prosecutors of the State of Minas Gera is and the State of Minas Gerais, the Company had restricted R$11 billion on its bank accounts to take the necessary measures to reassure the stability of the other dams of the Córrego do Feijão Mine Complex, provide accommodation and assistance to the affected people, remediate environmental impacts, among other obligations. On January 31, 2019, the Public Ministry of Labor filed a Public Civil Action and a couple of preliminary injunctions were granted determining the freezing of R$1.6 billion on the Company’s bank accounts to secure the indemnification of direct and third -party employees that worked in the Córrego de Feijão mine at the time of the Brumadinho dam breach. On March 18, 2019 the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Public Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze R$1 billion of the Company’s assets, aiming to grant funds that could be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from the evacuation of the community of Sebastião de Águas Claras – Macacos community. On March 25, 2019, the Public Prosecutor of the State of Minas Gerais filed a Public Civil Action and a preliminary injunction was granted to freeze R$2.95 billion of the Company’s assets, to grant funds that might be required to indemnify for losses that may arise from evacuation of the communities in Gongo Soco, Barão de Cocais. In total, approximately R$16.9 billion of the Company's assets were blocked, of which approximately R$468 were freeze on the Company’s bank accounts, R$12.6 billion were converted into judicial deposits and R$3.75 billion was guaranteed using 75,312,728 treasury shares out of the 158,216,372 treasury shares held by Vale as at December 31,2018. Other collective and individual claims related to the Brumadinho dam breach were filed. Some collective claims were extinguished by the applicable court. Administrative sanctions In addition, the Company was notified of the imposition of administrative fines by Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (“IBAMA”), in the amount of R$250 and a daily fine of R$100 thousand, drawn up on February 7, 2019, which Vale has presented defenses against all of them. In addition, the Brumadinho Municipal Department of the Environment ha s also imposed fines totaling approximately R$108, which the Company has also presented a defense. U.S. Securities class action suits Vale and certain of its current officers have been named as defendants in securities class action complaints in Federal Courts in New York brought by holders of Vale’s securities under U.S. federal securities laws. The complaints allege that Vale made false and misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and potential damage of a breach of the dam in the Córrego de Feijão mine. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these complaints. Vale intends to defend these actions and mount a full defense against these claims. As a consequence of the preliminary nature of these proceedings, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time, and the amount of provision that will be recognized in 2019 could not be estimated. The Company is negotiating with insurers under its operational risk, general liability and engineering risk policies, but the se negotiations are still at a preliminary stage. Any payment of insurance proceeds will depend on the coverage definitions unde r these policies and assessment of the amount of loss. In light of the uncertainties, no indemnification to the Company was recogni zed in Vale’s financial statements. 23

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 4. Information by business segment and by geographic area The Company operated the following reportable segments during this year: Ferrous Minerals, Coal, Base Metals and Fertilizers (presented as discontinued operations). The segments are aligned with products and reflect the structure used by Management t o evaluate Company’s performance. The responsible bodies for making operational decisions, allocating resources and evaluating performance are the Executive Boards and the Board of Directors. The performance of the operating segments is assessed based on a measure of adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA). The information presented to the Executive Board on the performance of each segment is derived from the accounting records, adjusted for reallocations between segments. The main activities of the operating segments are as follows: Ferrous minerals – comprise of the production and extraction of iron ore, iron ore pellets, manganese, ferroalloys, other ferrous products and its logistic services. Coal – comprise of the production and extraction of metallurgical and thermal coal and its logistic services. Base metals - include the production and extraction of nickel and its by-products (copper, gold, silver, cobalt, precious metals and others) and copper, as well as their by-products (gold and silver). Fertilizers (Discontinued operations) - include the production of potash, phosphate, nitrogen and other fertilizer products (note 14). a) Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) The definition of adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) for the Company is the operating income or loss plus dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures, and excluding the amounts charged as (i) depreciation, depletion and amortization and (ii) special events (note 4b). The Company allocate in “Others” the sales and expenses of other products, services, research and development, investments in joint ventures and associates of other business and unallocated corporate expenses. In 2018, the Company has allocated general and corporate expenses to "Others" as these are not directly related to the performance of each business segment. The comparative periods were restated to reflect this change in the allocation criteria. Consolidated Selling, administrative and other operating expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) Research and evaluation Iron ore 75,056 (33,356) (281) (403) (418) 108 40,706 Ferroalloys and manganese 1,660 (1,065) (11) (4) - - 580 102,842 (47,995) (347) (508) (492) 718 54,218 Coal 6,025 (5,811) (33) (75) - 511 617 Base metals Copper 7,672 (3,502) (14) (68) - - 4,088 134,483 (69,482) (3,305) (1,376) (688) 1,433 61,065 Total of continuing operations Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 397 (393) (15) - - - (11) 24 Total134,880 (69,875) (3,320) (1,376) (688) 1,433 61,054 Others1,089(961)(2,738)(584)(76)204(3,066) 24,527 (14,715) (187) (209) (120) - 9,296 Nickel and other products16,855(11,213)(173)(141)(120)-5,208 Other ferrous products and services1,737(1,147)(16)(3)(3)28596 Iron ore Pellets24,389(12,427)(39)(98)(71)58212,336 Ferrous minerals Year ended December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Consolidated Selling, administrative and other operating expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Cost of goods sold and services rendered Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) Net operating revenue Research and evaluation Iron ore 59,206 (25,438) 32 (281) (576) 100 33,043 Ferroalloys and manganese 1,501 (890) (26) - (12) - 573 80,291 (36,497) 16 (349) (613) 426 43,274 Coal 5,003 (4,326) (39) (45) (14) 574 1,153 Base metals Copper 7,052 (3,126) (49) (43) - - 3,834 Total of continuing operations 108,532 (56,131) (2,743) (1,086) (893) 1,313 48,992 Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 5,572 (5,124) (327) (39) (80) 10 12 Year ended December 31, 2016 Ferrous minerals Iron ore Pellets 13,198 (6,932) (121) (45) (77) 359 6,382 Other ferrous products and services 1,513 (933) (13) (5) (12) - 550 Nickel and other products 15,504 (11,145) 2 (268) (399) 13 3,707 Other base metals products - - 480 - - - 480 Total of continuing operations 94,633 (49,797) (2,312) (1,098) (1,189) 669 40,906 Discontinued operations (Fertilizers) 6,470 (5,315) (298) (75) (58) 12 736 25 Total101,103 (55,112) (2,610) (1,173) (1,247) 681 41,642 Others548(889)(1,963)(404)(4)262(2,450) 21,274 (14,343) 431 (285) (399) 13 6,691 Copper5,770(3,198)(51)(17)--2,504 Base metals Coal2,882(3,090)248(50)(137)-(147) 69,929 (31,475) (1,028) (359) (649) 394 36,812 Ferroalloys and manganese1,031(793)-(1)(39)-198 Iron ore54,187(22,817)(894)(308)(521)3529,682 Cost of goodsSelling,Pre operating Dividends received sold and administrative andandand interest fromAdjusted Net operatingservicesother operatingResearch andoperationalassociates andLAJIDA revenuerenderedexpensesevaluationstoppagejoint ventures(EBITDA) Consolidated Total114,104 (61,255) (3,070) (1,125) (973) 1,323 49,004 Others1,272(1,197)(2,522)(494)(28)313(2,656) 21,966 (14,111) (198) (198) (238) - 7,221 Nickel and other products14,914(10,985)(149)(155)(238)-3,387 Other ferrous products and services1,541(978)39(6)(2)63657 Iron ore Pellets18,043(9,191)(29)(62)(23)2639,001 Ferrous minerals Year ended December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) is reconciled to net income (loss) as follows: From continuing operations Year ended December 31 Net income from continuing operations 26,084 20,278 17,455 Income taxes (966) 4,607 9,567 LAJIDA (EBITDA) 55,416 46,377 32,827 Items to reconciled LAJIDA (EBITDA) adjusted Special events (note 4b) 3,523 1,025 4,168 From discontinued operations Year ended December 31 Loss from discontinued operations (310) (2,608) (4,159) Income taxes (134) (324) (2,134) LAJIDA (EBITDA) (426) (2,839) (5,165) Items to reconciled LAJIDA (EBITDA) adjusted Impairment of non-current assets 415 2,833 5,899 b) Special events occurred during the year Special events are gains or losses recognized in the Company's operating results that are not related to the performance of the business segments. The Company excludes special events from adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) to keep the segment performance analysis comparable with prior periods. The special events identified by the Company are as follows: Year ended December 31 Result in disposal of assets (note 19) (1,283) (1,580) (228) Impairment and onerous contracts (note 20) (2,240) (883) (3,940) c) Assets by segment Consolidated Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Product inventory Product inventory Coal 461 1,228 6,157 271 1,048 5,686 Others 45 4,183 8,087 20 4,353 6,434 26 Total13,511 12,495 218,331 9,486 11,802 209,629 Base metals4,4435482,5153,3364378,080 Ferrous minerals8,562 7,030 121,572 5,859 6,358 119,429 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Total (3,523) (1,025) (4,168) Nacala Logistic Corridor (note 16)-1,438-201820172016 Consolidated Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) from discontinued operations(11) 12 736 Equity results in associates and joint ventures, net of dividends received-182 Financial results, net1889(69) Depreciation, depletion and amortization-4 1,197 201820172016 Consolidated Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) from continuing operations 61,065 48,992 40,906 Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures, net of dividends received 2,1261,5903,911 Financial results, net 18,0589,650(6,302) Depreciation, depletion and amortization 12,240 11,842 12,107 201820172016 Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Consolidated 2018 2017 2016 Depreciation, depletion and amortization Depreciation, depletion and amortization Depreciation, depletion and amortization Sustaining capital Project execution Sustaining capital Project execution Sustaining capital Project execution Coal 492 82 921 235 141 934 502 1,634 632 20 26 276 11 65 369 8 142 459 Others (i) Goodwill is allocated mainly to ferrous minerals and base metals segments in the amount of R$7,133 and R$7,022 in December 31, 2018 and R$7,133 and R$6,460 in December 31, 2017, respectively. (ii) Cash outflows. d) Investment in associates and joint ventures, intangible and property, plant and equipment by geographic area December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Brazil 10,089 22,764 113,252 146,105 9,900 20,615 113,162 143,677 Americas, except Brazil and Canada 957 - - 957 663 - - 663 Indonesia - 3 10,757 10,760 - - 9,220 9,220 Australia - - - - - - 149 149 Mozambique - 505 5,653 6,158 - 472 5,067 5,539 Other regions - - 3 3 - - 37 37 e) Net operating revenue by geographic area Year ended December 31, 2018 Americas, except United States and Brazil 2,988 - 2,410 - 5,398 Germany 4,091 - 1,967 - 6,058 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 9,450 548 91 - 10,089 China 53,120 - 3,163 - 56,283 Brazil 9,365 449 1,001 1,045 11,860 Year ended December 31, 2017 Americas, except United States and Brazil 1,896 - 3,218 221 5,335 Germany 3,481 - 933 - 4,414 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 5,640 543 41 - 6,224 China 43,005 - 1,842 - 44,847 Brazil 9,232 508 597 754 11,091 27 Net operating revenue80,291 5,003 21,966 1,272 108,532 Asia, except Japan and China4,2512,2684,927-11,446 Japan6,1504091,277-7,836 Europe, except Germany5,4991,2756,3473513,156 United States of America1,137-2,7842624,183 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Consolidated Net operating revenue102,842 6,025 24,527 1,089 134,483 Asia, except Japan and China6,6482,8174,011-13,476 Japan7,5976081,861-10,066 Europe, except Germany8,1541,6036,559-16,316 United States of America1,429-3,464444,937 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Consolidated Total12,495 30,850 187,481 230,826 11,802 28,094 181,535 221,431 Oman--3,211 3,211 - 2 2,873 2,875 New Caledonia--10,833 10,833 - - 9,809 9,809 Asia, except Indonesia1,449-3,972 5,421 1,239 - 3,638 4,877 Europe--1,419 1,419 - - 1,303 1,303 Canada-7,578 38,381 45,959 - 7,005 36,277 43,282 Investments in associates and joint venturesIntangible Property, plant and equipment Total Investments in associates and joint ventures Intangible Property, plant and equipment Total Consolidated Total10,747 3,152 12,240 7,136 5,100 11,842 7,250 10,093 12,107 Base metals4,4421194,9343,0691625,0763,659145,717 Ferrous minerals5,793 2,925 6,109 3,821 4,732 5,463 3,081 8,303 5,299 Capital expenditures (ii)Capital expenditures (ii)Capital expenditures (ii) Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Year ended December 31, 2016 Americas, except United States and Brazil 1,167 72 4,079 - 5,318 Germany 3,719 - 1,053 - 4,772 Middle East/Africa/Oceania 4,266 329 72 1 4,668 China 41,135 223 2,420 - 43,778 Brazil 6,154 51 491 407 7,103 Accounting policy Vale recognizes revenue when the control of a good or service transfers to a customer of an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Net revenue excludes any applicable sales taxes. Depending on the contract, sales revenue can be recognized when the product is available at the loading port, loaded on the ship, at the port of discharge or at the customer’s warehouse. Service revenues are recognized in the amount by which the services are rendered and accepted by the customer. Generally, the contract payment terms consider the upfront payments or the use of credit letters. The payment terms do not have a significant financing component and were not changed from previous years. In some cases, the sale price is determined on a provisional basis at the date of sale and adjustments to the sale price subsequently occur based on movements in the quoted market or contractual prices up to the date of final pricing. Revenue is recognized based on the estimated fair value of the total consideration receivable, and the provisionally priced sale mechanism embedded within these sale arrangements has the character of a derivative. Accordingly, the fair value of the final sale price adjustment is re-estimated continuously and changes in fair value are recognized as operational revenue in the income statement. Commodity price risk – The commodity price risk arises from volatility of iron ore, nickel, copper and coal prices. The Company is mostly exposed to the fluctuations in the iron ore and copper price. The selling price of these products can be measured reliably at each period, since the price is quoted in an active market. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 27 million tons (2017: 33 million tons) provisionally priced based on iron ore forward prices and 78 thousand tons (2017: 106 thousand tons) provisionally priced based on copper forward prices. The final price of these sales will be determined during the first quarter of 2019. A 10% change in the price of iron ore realized on the provisionally priced sales, with all other factors held constant, would increase or reduce net income by R$719. A 10% change in the price of copper realized on the provisionally priced sales, with all other factors held constant, would increase or reduce net income by R$218. 28 Net operating revenue69,929 2,882 21,274 548 94,633 Asia, except Japan and China3,1251,0524,053-8,230 Japan4,4644321,123-6,019 Europe, except Germany5,1077235,3815911,270 United States of America792-2,602813,475 Ferrous mineralsCoalBase metalsOthersTotal Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 5.Costs and expenses by nature a) Cost of goods sold and services rendered Year ended December 31 Personnel 8,346 7,332 7,222 4,615 3,986 Fuel oil and gas 5,646 4,197 4,280 3,703 2,869 Energy 3,301 3,078 2,406 1,688 1,463 Depreciation and depletion 11,719 11,126 11,346 5,693 5,078 Others 9,527 6,997 5,191 8,936 6,743 Cost of services rendered 2,127 1,957 1,734 1,450 1,336 b) Selling and administrative expenses Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Services 338 259 248 180 152 Others 583 399 366 174 108 c) Other operating expenses, net Year ended December 31 Provision for litigation 681 540 487 464 423 Others 258 322 198 264 163 29 Total 1,613 1,338 937 1,163 893 Profit sharing program 674476252435307 20182017201620182017 Consolidated Parent company Total1,917 1,697 1,755 959 959 Depreciation and amortization225292414115185 Personnel771 747 727 490 514 Year ended December 31 Total 81,201 67,257 61,143 39,051 33,327 Cost of goods sold 79,07465,30059,40937,60131,991 Total 81,201 67,257 61,143 39,051 33,327 Freight 15,97210,7178,641158106 Acquisition of products 1,8831,7281,762760652 Maintenance 10,2539,8999,4877,2506,926 Materials and services 14,55412,18310,8086,2485,504 20182017201620182017 Consolidated Parent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 6. Financial result Year ended December 31 Financial income Others 888 972 270 133 156 Financial expenses Capitalized loans and borrowing costs 704 1,179 2,291 700 1,176 Interest on REFIS (737) (1,262) (1,787) (698) (1,236) (8,394) (10,512) (9,295) (7,673) (9,503) Net foreign exchange gains (losses) on loans and borrowings (9,721) (802) 17,734 (9,104) (678) Other net foreign exchange gains (losses) 1,484 (698) (6,388) 1,177 (191) (11,213) (670) 14,991 (10,059) (222) a) Hedge in foreign operations As at January 1, 2017, Vale S.A., which the functional currency is Reais, designated its debts in US$ and Euro, as an instrument in a hedge of its investment in foreign operations (Vale International S.A. and Vale International Holding GmbH; hedging objects) to mitigate part of the foreign exchange risk on financial statements. Further details are disclosed in note 25. b) Net investment in the foreign operation From January 1, 2019 (subsequent event), the Company will consider certain long-term loans payable to Vale International S.A., for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future, as part of its net investment in the foreign operation. The foreign exchange differences arising on the monetary item, forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation, will be recognized in other comprehensive income and reclassified from stockholders’ equity to income statement on disposal or partial disposal of the net investment. Therefore, upon adoption the effect of net foreign exchange gains or losses in the income statement is expected to reduce. Accounting policy Transactions in foreign currencies - Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rate prevailing at the transaction date. The foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the translation at the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the year are recognized in the income statement as “financial income or expense”. The exceptions are transactions related to qualifying net investment hedges or items that are attributable to part of the net investment in a foreign operation, for which gains and losses are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income. 30 Financial results, net(18,058) (9,650) 6,302 (17,450) (9,361) Net indexation losses(1,970)(630)(527)(1,543)(638) Derivative financial instruments(1,006)1,4604,172(589)1,285 Other financial items Others(2,189)(3,029)(2,191)(851)(1,855) Participative stockholders' debentures(1,871)(1,982)(1,456)(1,871)(1,982) Loans and borrowings gross interest(4,301)(5,418)(6,152)(4,953)(5,606) 1,549 1,532 606 282 364 Shortterm investments661560336149208 20182017201620182017 ConsolidatedParent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 7. Streaming transactions Cobalt streaming In June 2018, the Company entered into two different agreements, one with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp (“Wheaton”) and the other with Cobalt 27 Capital Corp. (“Cobalt 27”), to sell a stream equivalent to 75% of the cobalt extracted as a by-product from the Voisey’s Bay mine, in Canada, starting on January 1, 2021. Furthermore, the Company restarted the Voisey’s Bay underground mine expansion project, which is going to increase the expected useful life of Voisey’s Bay mine from 2023 to 2034. The first year of underground production is expected to be 2021, when the current operations on the open pit mine begin to ramp down. Upon completion of the transaction, the Company received an upfront payment of R$2,603 (US$690 million) in cash, R$1,471 (US$390 million) from Wheaton and R$1,132 (US$300 million) from Cobalt 27, which has been recorded as other non-current liabilities. Vale will receive additional payments of 20%, on average, of the market reference price for cobalt, for each pound of finished cobalt delivered. Thus, from January 1, 2021 onwards, Wheaton and Cobalt 27 will be entitled to receive 42.4% and 32.6%, respectively, of cobalt equivalent to the production from the Voisey's Bay mine, while Vale remains exposed to approximately 40% of the cobalt economic exposure, as Vale retains the rights to 25% of the future cobalt production and will receive 20% additional payments for the cobalt stream. The estimated result of the sale of the mineral rights is not expected to be significant and it will be accounted for once certain production thresholds have been met at Voisey’s Bay mine. Gold streaming In August 2016, the Company made an amended to the gold transaction entered into to 2013 with Wheaton Precious Metals Corp (“Wheaton”) to include in each contract an additional 25% of the gold extracted as by-product over a lifetime of the Salobo copper mine. Hence, Wheaton holds the rights to 75% of the contained gold in the copper concentrated from the Salobo mine and 70% of the gold extracted as a by-product of the Sudbury nickel mines. The transactions were bifurcated into two identifiable components (i) the sale of the mineral rights recognized in the income statement under “Other operating income (expenses), net” and, (ii) the deferred revenue (liability) related to the services for gold extraction on the portion in which Vale operates as an agent for Wheaton gold extraction. The Company recognized R$480 in the income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016, related to the sale of mineral rights from the additional transaction in August 2016. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Defining the gain on sale of mineral interest and the deferred revenue portion of the gold transaction requires the use of critical accounting estimates as follows: - Discount rates used to measure the present value of future inflows and outflows; - Allocation of costs between nickel or copper and gold based on relative prices; - Expected margin for the independent elements (sale of mineral rights and service for gold extraction) based on Company’s best estimate. 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 8. Income taxes a) Deferred income tax assets and liabilities December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Temporary differences: Provision for litigation 1,586 1,510 1,524 1,435 Fair value of financial instruments 2,084 1,816 2,084 1,816 Goodwill amortization (1,527) (948) (1,527) (948) 1,914 1,481 6,882 7,206 Liabilities (5,936) (5,687) - - Changes in deferred tax are as follows: Consolidated Parent company Balance at December 31, 2016 23,931 5,540 18,391 15,299 Timing differences arising on assets 335 - 335 421 Allocated goodwill - (369) 369 - Transfers between asset and liabilities 131 131 - - Other comprehensive income (233) 35 (268) 224 Effect of discontinued operations Taxes losses carryforward 2,822 - 2,822 3,660 Fair value of financial instruments 538 - 538 538 Others (345) (345) (1,038) Effect in income statement 3,613 (159) 3,772 3,512 Translation adjustment 1,011 579 432 - Effect in income statement 48 - 48 15 The tax loss carryforward does not expire in the Brazilian jurisdiction and their compensation is limited to 30% of the taxab le income for the year. The local profits of subsidiaries abroad are also taxed in Brazil and there is no restriction on their offset against tax losses generated previously by the foreign entity or by the Parent Company. 32 Balance at December 31, 201826,767 5,936 20,831 17,536 Transfer to net assets held for sale(40)-(40)-Effect of discontinued operations Other comprehensive income42982347(191) Transfers between asset and liabilities(253)(253)--Allocated goodwill-(159)159 Timing differences arising on assets598-598352 Balance at December 31, 201721,959 5,687 16,272 14,200 Effect in income statement 324-324(366) Translation adjustment 118350(232)-Effect in income statement (2,312)(369)(1,943)(957) Others 2,746-2,7462,043 Fair value of financial instruments 1,222-1,222(105) Utilization of taxes losses carryforward (6,615) - (6,615) (3,316) AssetsLiabilitiesDeferred taxes, net Deferred taxes, net 20,831 16,272 17,536 14,200 Assets 26,76721,95917,53614,200 Total20,831 16,272 17,536 14,200 Others 1,326693308998 Allocated goodwill (9,022)(8,048)--Timing differences arising on assets 4,8574,1953,6713,319 Employee post retirement obligations 2,6102,263822586 Taxes losses carryforward 18,91714,791 10,6546,994 Consolidated Parent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated b) Income tax reconciliation – Income statement The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the statutory rate, as follows: Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Income taxes at statutory rates  34% (8,540) (8,461) (9,187) (8,033) (7,592) Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders' equity 3,174 2,329 291 3,174 2,329 Equity results 389 99 378 1,811 1,903 Unrecognized tax losses of the year (1,711) (1,389) (2,465) - - Others (180) 1,463 1,563 (330) 1,457 (i) In 2018, the Company recognized tax loss carryforward from tax losses of subsidiary abroad. c) Tax incentives In Brazil, Vale has tax incentives to partially reduce the income tax generated by the operations conducted in the North and Northeast regions that includes iron ore, manganese, copper and nickel. The incentive is calculated based on the taxable income of the incentive activity (tax operating income) and takes into account the allocation of tax operating income into different incentives appli cable to different tranches of production during the periods specified for each product, usually 10 years. Most of our incentives are expected to expire up to 2024 and the last recognized tax incentive will expire in 2027. An amount equal to that obtained with the tax saving must be appropriated in retained earnings reserve account in stockholders’ equity, and cannot be distributed as dividends to stockholders. In addition to those incentives, the amount equivalent to 30% of the income tax due, can be reinvested in the acq uisition of new machinery and equipment, subject to subsequent approval by the regulatory agency responsible, Superintendência de Desenvolvimento da Amazônia (“SUDAM”) and/or the Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (“SUDENE”). The reinvestment subsidy is accounted in retained earnings reserve account, which restricts the distribution as dividends to stockholders. This tax incentive will expire in 2023. Vale is subject to the revision of income tax by local tax authorities in a range up to 10 years depending on jurisdiction where the Company operates. d) Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”) The balance mainly relates to REFIS to settle most of the claims related to the collection of income tax and social contribut ion on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012. As December 31, 2018, the balance of R$16,852 (R$1,673 as current and R$15,179 as non-current) is due in 118 remaining monthly installments, bearing interest at the SELIC rate (Special System for Settlement and Custody), while at December 31, 2017, the balance was R$17,780 (R$1,604 as current and R$16,176 as non - current). As at December 31, 2018, the SELIC rate was 6.50% per annum (7.00% per annum at December 31, 2017). 33 Income taxes 966 (4,607) (9,567) 2,340 (2,115) Nondeductible effect of impairment (92)(138)(325)--Additions (reversals) of tax loss carryforward (i) 5,814315(952)4,189(962) Tax incentives 2,1121,1751,1301,529750 Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes: Income before income taxes 25,118 24,885 27,022 23,627 22,328 Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Accounting policy The recognition of income taxes as deferred taxes is based on temporary differences between carrying amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities as well as tax losses carryforwards. The deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right on the same taxable entity. The deferred tax assets arising from tax losses and temporary differences are not recognized when is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which temporary differences and/or tax losses can be utilized. Income taxes are recognized in the income statement, except for items recognized directly in stockholders’ equity. The provision for income tax is calculated individually for each entity of the Company based on Brazilian tax rates, on an accrual basis, by applying the differential between the nominal local tax rates (based on rules enacted in the location of the entity) and the Brazilian tax rate. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Deferred tax assets arising from tax losses, negative social contribution basis and temporary differences are registered taking into account the analysis of future performance, considering economic and financial projections, prepared based on internal assump tions and macroeconomic environment, trade and tax scenarios that may be subject to changes in the future. The assumptions of future profits are based on production and sales planning, commodity prices, operational costs and planned capital costs. 9. Basic and diluted earnings per share The basic and diluted earnings per share are presented below: Year ended December 31 Net income (loss) attributable to Vale's stockholders: Loss from discontinued operations (310) (2,586) (4,150) Weighted average number of shares outstanding - common shares 5,182,445 5,197,432 5,197,432 Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations: Basic and diluted loss per share from discontinued operations: Basic and diluted earnings per share: The Company does not have potential outstanding shares or other instruments with dilutive effect on the earnings per share. 34 Common share (R$) 4.953.392.56 Common share (R$) (0.06)(0.50)(0.80) Common share (R$) 5.013.893.36 Thousands of shares Net income 25,657 17,627 13,311 Net income from continuing operations 25,96720,21317,461 201820172016

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 10. Accounts receivable December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Expected credit loss (241) (200) (65) (67) Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 There is no customer that individually represents over 10% of accounts receivable or revenues. Accounting policy Accounts receivable is the total amount due from sale of products and services rendered by the Company. Accounts receivable consists of financial assets initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost, except for component of provisionally priced commodities sales that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). The portion of accounts receivables measured at amortized cost is subsequently measured using the effective interest (“EIR”) method and it is subject to impairment. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the economic environment and by any financial guarantees related to these accounts receivables. Commercial credit risk management - For the commercial credit exposure, which arises from sales to final customers, the risk management area, in accordance with the current delegation level, approves or requests the approval of credit risk limits for each counterparty. Vale attributes an internal credit risk rating for each counterparty using its own quantitative methodology for credit risk analysis, which is based on market prices, external credit ratings and financial information of the counterparty, as well as qualitative information regarding the counterparty’s strategic position and history of commercial relations. Based on the counterparty’s credit risk, risk mitigation strategies may be used to manage the Company`s credit risk. The main credit risk mitigation strategies include non-recourse sale of receivables, insurance instruments, letters of credit, corporate and bank guarantees, mortgages, among others. Vale has a diversified accounts receivable portfolio from a geographical standpoint, with Asia, Europe and Brazil the regions with more significant exposures. According to each region, different guarantees can be used to enhance the credit quality of the receivables. 35 Impairment of accounts receivable recorded in the income statement (26) (14) (16) (5) 4 Year ended December 31 Revenue related to the steel sector - %85.50%82.90%--10,261 8,602 17,333 9,560 Accounts receivable10,502 8,802 17,398 9,627 ConsolidatedParent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 11. Inventories Consolidated Parent company Finished products 10,847 7,324 3,169 2,796 Consumable inventory 3,705 3,501 1,423 1,532 Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Finished and work in progress product inventory by segments is presented in note 4(c). Accounting policy Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and the net realizable value. The inventory production cost is determined on the basis of variable and fixed costs, direct and indirect costs of production, using the average cost method. At each statement of financial position date, inventories are assessed for impairment and a provision for losses on obsolete or slow-moving inventory may be recognized. The write-downs and reversals are included in “Cost of goods sold and services rendered”. 12. Recoverable taxes Recoverable taxes are presented net of provisions for losses on tax credits. Consolidated Parent company Value-added tax 3,151 2,934 1,425 1,561 Others 50 142 41 75 Non-current 2,913 2,109 2,281 2,062 36 Total6,335 5,985 4,305 4,153 Current3,4223,8762,0242,091 Total6,335 5,985 4,305 4,153 Brazilian federal contributions3,1342,9092,8392,517 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Reversal (provision) for net realizable value14 (284) (649) 77 (170) Year ended December 31 Total17,216 12,987 4,775 4,601 Work in progress2,6642,162183273 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 13. Other financial assets and liabilities Current Non-Current Other financial assets Loans - - 589 498 Investments in equity securities (note 14) - - 3,823 - 1,683 6,689 12,180 10,690 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 1,821 344 1,335 2,269 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 5,454 4,080 Current Non-Current Other financial assets Loans - - 18 18 Investments in equity securities - - 3,334 - 360 409 5,276 1,865 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 1,506 311 1,245 2,113 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 5,454 4,080 Participative stockholders’ debentures At the time of its privatization in 1997, the Company issued debentures to then-existing stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The debentures’ terms were set to ensure that pre-privatization stockholders would participate in potential future benefits that might be obtained from exploration of mineral resources. A total of 388,559,056 debentures were issued with a par value of R$0.01 (one cent of Brazilian Real) and are inflation-indexed to the General Market Price Index (“IGP-M”), as set forth in the Issue Deed. The Company paid as remuneration the amount of R$529 and R$467, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. 37 5,083 4,413 71,740 54,955 Related parties 3,5774,10265,04148,762 Other financial liabilities Related parties 240206453579 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 1161991,4711,268 Financial investments 44--December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Parent company 6,213 3,260 10,511 9,575 Related parties (note 31) 4,3922,9163,7223,226 Other financial liabilities Related parties - Loans (note 31) 1,4096,2776,2488,695 Derivative financial instruments (note 25) 1493511,5201,497 Financial investments 12561--December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 14. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale and discontinued operations Consolidated Fertilizers Accounts receivable 297 Other current assets 363 Property, plant and equipment and Intangible 7,110 Total assets 11,865 Liabilities Other current liabilities 711 Total liabilities 3,899 a) Fertilizers (discontinued operations) In January 2018, the Company and The Mosaic Company (“Mosaic”) concluded the transaction entered in December 2016, to sell (i) the phosphate assets located in Brazil, except for those located in Cubatão, Brazil; (ii) the control of Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C., in Peru; (iii) the potassium assets located in Brazil; and (iv) the potash projects in Canada. The Company received R$3,495 (US$1,080 million) in cash and 34.2 million common shares, corresponding to 8.9% of Mosaic's outstanding common shares after the issuance of these shares totaling R$2,907 (US$899 million), based on the Mosaic’s quotation at closing date of the transaction and a loss of R$184 was recognized in the income statement from discontinued operations. Mosaic’s shares received were accounted for as a financial investment measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. The Company recognized a gain of R$392 (R$275, net of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2018, in other comprehensive income as “Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities”. b) Cubatão (part of the fertilizer segment) In November 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Yara International ASA to sell its assets located in Cubatão, Brazil. In May 2018, the transaction was concluded and the Company received R$882 (US$255 million) in cash and a loss of R$231 was recognized in the income statement from discontinued operations. The results for the years and the cash flows of discontinued operations are presented as follows: Income statement Consolidated 2018 2017 2016 Net operating revenue 397 5,572 6,470 Operating expenses (15) (450) (448) Operating loss (426) (2,835) (6,372) Equity results in associates and joint ventures - (8) 10 Income taxes 134 324 2,134 Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - (22) (9) 38 Loss attributable to Vale's stockholders(310) (2,586) (4,150) Loss from discontinued operations(310) (2,608) (4,159) Loss before income taxes(444) (2,932) (6,293) Financial Results, net(18)(89)69 Impairment of non-current assets(415)(2,833)(5,899) Cost of goods sold and services rendered(393)(5,124)(6,495) Discontinued operations Year ended December 31 Net non-current assets held for sale 7,966 Other non-current liabilities 2,118 Suppliers and contractors 1,070 Other non-current assets 2,299 Investments in associates and joint ventures 274 Inventories 1,522 Assets December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Statement of cash flow Consolidated 2018 2017 2016 Cash flow from operating activities Adjustments: Depreciation, amortization and depletion - 4 1,197 Others 18 - (69) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (121) 269 498 Cash flow from investing activities Others - (1) 29 Loans and borrowings Net cash used in financing activities - (107) (59) Accounting policy A non-current asset is classified as held for sale if its carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. The criteria for recognition of the non-current assets as held for sale are only considered satisfied when the sale is highly probable and the asset (or group of assets) is available for immediate sale in its present condition. The Company measures the assets held for sale (or group of assets) at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value less costs to sell an impairment loss is recognized against income statement. Any subsequent reversal of impairment is recognized only to the extent of the loss previously recognized. The assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are presented separately in the statement of financial position. The classification as a discontinued operation occurs through disposal, or when the operation meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale if this occurs earlier. A discontinued operation is a component of a Company business comprising cash flows and operations that may be clearly distinct from the rest of the Company and that represents an important separate line of business or geographical area of operations. The result of discontinued operations is presented in a single amount in the income statement, including the results after income tax of these operations less any impairment loss. Cash flows attributable to operating, investing and financing activities of discontinued operations are disclosed in a separate note. When an operation is classified as a discontinued operation, the income statements of the prior periods are restated as if the operation had been discontinued since the beginning of the comparative period. Any noncontrolling interest relating to a group disposal held for sale is presented in the stockholders’ equity and is not reclassified in the statement of financial position. 39 Net cash used in discontinued operations(157) (817) (527) Repayments-(107)(59) Cash flow from financing activities Net cash used in investing activities(36) (979) (966) Additions to property, plant and equipment(36)(978)(995) Increase (decrease) in assets and liabilities(110)356(226) Impairment of non-current assets4152,8335,899 Equity results in associates and joint ventures-8(10) Loss before income taxes(444)(2,932)(6,293) Discontinued operations Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 15. Subsidiaries The significant consolidated entities in each business segment are as follows: % Noncontrolling interest Location Main activity/Business % Ownership % Voting capital Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba Brazil Iron ore 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) Brazil Iron ore 62.5% 98.3% 37.5% PT Vale Indonesia Indonesia Nickel 59.2% 59.2% 40.8% Vale Canada Limited Canada Nickel 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia Iron ore 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Vale Moçambique S.A. Mozambique Coal 80.7% 80.7% 19.3% Vale Oman Distribution Center LLC Oman Iron ore and pelletizing 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% As explained in note 14, the Fertilizer Segment is presented as discontinued operations, which includes the following subsidiaries: Direct and indirect subsidiaries Vale Fertilizantes S.A. Brazil Fertilizers 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% Accounting policy Consolidation and investments in associates and joint ventures - The financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities and transactions of the Parent Company and its direct and indirect controlled entities (“subsidiaries”). The subsidiaries are consolidated when the Company is exposed or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to direct the significant activities of the investee. Intercompany balances and transactions, which include unrealized profits, are eliminated. The entities over which the Company has joint control (“joint ventures”) or significant influence, but not control (“associates”) are presented in note 16. Those investments are accounted for using the equity method. For interests in joint arrangements not classified as joint ventures (“joint operations”), the Company recognizes its share of assets, liabilities and net income. Unrealized gains on downstream or upstream transactions between the Company and its associates and joint ventures are eliminated proportionately to the Company’s interest. Investments held by other investors in Vale’s subsidiaries are classified as noncontrolling interests (“NCI”). The Company treats transactions with noncontrolling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Company as described in note 17. For purchases or disposals from noncontrolling interests, the difference between the consideration paid and the proportion acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is directly recorded in stockholders’ equity in “Results from operation with noncontrolling interest”. Translation from the functional currency to the presentation currency - The income statement and statement of financial position of the subsidiaries for which the functional currency is different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: (i) assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity, except for the components described in item (iii) are translated at the closing rate at the statement of financial position date; (ii) income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates, except for specific significant transactions that are translated at the rate at the transaction date and; (iii) capital, capital reserves and treasury stock are translated at the rate at each transaction date. All resulting exchange differences are recognized directly in the comprehensive income as “translation adjustments”. When a foreign operation is disposed of or sold, foreign exchange differences that were recognized in equity are recognized in the income of statement. 40 Vale Cubatão Fertilizantes Ltda.BrazilFertilizers100.0%100.0%0.0% Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C.PeruFertilizers40.0%51.0%60.0% Main% Noncontrolling Locationactivity/Business% Ownership% Voting capitalinterest Vale Oman Pelletizing Company LLC OmanPelletizing70.0%70.0%30.0% Vale Nouvelle Caledonie S.A.S. New CaledoniaNickel95.0%95.0%5.0% Vale Manganês S.A. Brazil Manganese and ferroalloys100.0%100.0%0.0% Vale International S.A. SwitzerlandTrading and holding100.0%100.0%0.0% Vale International Holdings GmbH AustriaHolding and research100.0%100.0%0.0% Salobo Metais S.A. BrazilCopper100.0%100.0%0.0% Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A. BrazilIron ore and manganese100.0%100.0%0.0% Direct and indirect subsidiaries

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 16. Investments The significant non-consolidated entities of the Company are as follows: Joint ventures Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização Brazil Pelletizing 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização Brazil Pelletizing 50.9% 51.0% 49.1% Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém ("CSP") Brazil Steel 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Nacala Corridor Holding Netherlands B.V. Netherlands Coal 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd. China Coal 25.0% 25.0% 75.0% a) Changes during the year Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures as follows: Consolidated Associates Joint ventures Total Associates Joint ventures Total Additions (i) - 79 79 1 291 292 Equity results in income statement 169 976 1,145 184 118 302 Others 35 (55) (20) 21 461 482 (i) Refers to the Coal segment and others in the amounts of R$35 and R$44, respectively, on December 31, 2018 and R$237 and R$55, respectively, on December 31, 2017. (ii) Refers to 18% interest held by Vale Fertilizantes at Ultrafertil which was transferred to Vale as part of the settlement in January 2018 (note 14). The investments by segments are presented in note 4(c). b) Acquisitions and divestitures 2018 Ferrous Resources Limited – In December 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase the control of Ferrous Resources Limited, a company that currently owns and operates iron ore mines closely located to Company’s operations in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The purchase price is R$2,131 (US$550 million) and the conclusion of transaction is expected to occur in 2019, subject to conditions precedent. New Steel - In January 2019 (subsequent event), the Company acquired for the total consideration of R$1,937 (US$500 million) the control of New Steel Global NV, a company that develops innovative iron ore beneficiation technologies and currently owns patents of dry processing concentration in 56 countries. 41 Balance at December 31, 5,403 7,092 12,495 4,774 7,028 11,802 Equity results in statement of comprehensive income - - - - (466) (466) Dividends declared(2)(1,055)(1,057)(181)(725)(906) Transfer from non-current assets held for sale (ii) 280 - 280 - - - Translation adjustment 147 119 266 66 (14) 52 Balance at January 1st, 4,774 7,028 11,802 4,683 7,363 12,046 2018 2017 VLI S.A.BrazilLogistics37.6%37.6%62.4% Direct and indirect associates Samarco Mineração S.A.BrazilPelletizing50.0%50.0%50.0% MRS Logística S.A.BrazilLogistics48.2%46.8%51.8% Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de PelotizaçãoBrazilPelletizing51.0%51.1%49.0% Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de PelotizaçãoBrazilPelletizing50.9%51.0%49.1% Aliança Geração de Energia S.A.BrazilEnergy55.0%55.0%45.0% % Noncontrolling LocationMain activity/Business% Ownership% Voting capitalinterest

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 2017 Nacala Logistic Corridor – In March 2017, the Company concluded the transaction with Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui”) to transfer 50% of its stake of 66.7% in Nacala Logistic Corridor, which comprises entities that holds railroads and port concessions located in Mozambique and Malawi, and sell 15% participation in the holding entity of Vale Moçambique, which holds the Moatize Coal Project, for the amount of R$2,186 (US$690 million). After the completion of the transaction, the Company (i) holds 81% of Vale Moçambique and retains the control of the Moatize Coal Project and (ii) shares control of the Nacala Logistic Corridor structure (Nacala BV), with Mitsui. As a consequence of sharing control of Nacala BV, the Company: (i) derecognized the assets and liabilities classified as held for sale in the total amount of R$13,130 (US$4,144 million), from which R$12,874 (US$4,063 million) refers to property, plant and equipment and intangibles; (ii) derecognized R$44 (US$14 million) related to cash and cash equivalents; (iii) recognized a gain of R$1,403 (US$447 million) in the income statement related to the sale and the re-measurement at fair value, of its remaining interest at Nacala BV based on the consideration received; (iv) reclassified the gain related to the cumulative translation adjustments on to income statements in the amount of R$35 (US$11 million); The result of the transaction regarding the assets from Nacala’s logistic corridor was recognized in the income statement as “Impairment and disposal of non-current assets”. The results of the transaction with the coal holding entity was recognized in “Results from operation with noncontrolling interest” in the amount of R$329 (US$105 million), directly in Stockholders’ Equity. The consideration received was recognized in the statement of cash flows in “Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments” in the amount of R$1,387 (US$435 million) and “Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders” in the amount of R$799 (US$255 million). After the conclusion of the transaction, Vale has outstanding loan balances with the related parties Nacala BV and Pangea Emirates Ltd due to the deconsolidation of Nacala Logistic Corridor, as disclosed in note 31. 2016 Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd (“CSA”) – In April 2016, the Company sold 100% of its interest at CSA (26.87%) for a non-significant amount. The transaction resulted in a loss of R$266 due to recycling the “Cumulative translation adjustments” recognized in the income statement as “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. 42

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Investments (continued) Investments Equity results in the income statement Dividends received (i) % ownership % voting capital December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 Aços Laminados do Pará S.A. 100.00 100.00 91 97 (6) (247) - - - - Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba 100.00 100.00 276 267 161 142 318 143 318 455 Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. 58.93 98.32 5,760 5,417 752 731 716 866 542 1,329 Salobo Metais S.A. 100.00 100.00 10,716 9,535 2,384 1,564 598 1,094 417 258 Vale International Holdings GmbH 100.00 100.00 7,372 7,830 (1,808) (609) (2,694) - - - Vale International S.A. 100.00 100.00 65,927 41,389 4,054 7,649 12,709 - - - Vale Manganês S.A. 100.00 100.00 711 679 32 84 (81) - - - Valepar - Goodwill - - 3,073 3,073 - - - - - - 127,015 105,585 4,195 5,277 6,503 2,110 2,068 2,113 Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. 55.00 55.00 1,882 1,889 81 86 157 88 93 137 California Steel Industries, Inc. 50.00 50.00 958 663 289 135 107 114 88 13 Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.89 51.00 323 270 200 132 50 86 53 95 Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização 51.00 51.11 575 453 460 295 101 255 96 141 MRS Logística S.A. 48.16 46.75 1,922 1,711 264 219 201 106 95 34 7,092 7,030 976 117 874 894 541 544 Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd. 25.00 25.00 1,228 1,048 58 63 (18) - - - VLI S.A. 37.60 37.60 3,319 3,202 119 94 120 28 62 - Others - - 409 113 (16) (15) (37) - - 14 Total of joint ventures and associates 12,495 11,802 1,145 302 1,111 922 739 669 (i) Dividends received by the Parent Company during the year ended at December 31, 2018 and 2017 were R$2.836 and R$2,644, respectively. (ii) Includes foreign subsidiaries of the base metals segment. 43 Total139,510 117,387 5,340 5,579 7,614 3,032 2,807 2,782 5,403 4,772 169 185 237 28 198 125 Zhuhai YPM Pellet Co.25.0025.0087762-----Mineração Rio Grande do Norte S.A.40.0040.00360333643172-136111 Associates Others--889023(183)272-1 Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém50.0050.00-867(867)(849)135---Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização50.9051.00312263219128561225433 Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização50.0050.00404295253161611216290 Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A.51.0051.0062852954(7)(21)---Joint Ventures Others--1,2461,497(637)(472)(504)779171 Vale Shipping Holding Pte. Ltd.100.00100.001,4769,3343012932---Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn. Bhd.100.00100.005,2104,243226273394---Vale Canada Limited (ii)100.00100.0020,26017,125(569)(2,988)(4,889)---Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnológico S.A.100.00100.007645(60)(24)(38)---Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - Goodwill--4,0604,060------Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A.100.00100.00--(73)(682)(117)---Biopalma da Amazônia S.A.98.9698.96761994(562)(173)59---Subsidiaries Year ended December 31 Year ended December 31

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated c) Summarized financial information The summarized financial information about relevant associates and joint-ventures for the Company are as follows: Joint ventures Associates Current assets 720 2,684 3,736 1,017 4,278 2,632 Total assets 4,355 14,559 4,883 8,091 5,798 17,889 Current liabilities 321 3,764 1,693 1,392 787 2,109 Total liabilities 933 14,559 1,699 4,101 888 9,063 Joint ventures Associates Current assets 453 2,511 2,507 1,021 3,545 2,442 Total assets 4,425 14,792 3,531 7,834 4,941 16,237 Current liabilities 285 3,509 994 1,498 749 1,769 Total liabilities 990 13,058 1,010 4,282 749 7,721 (i) Aggregate entity information: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização. The stand-alone financial statements of those entities may differ from the financial information reported herein, which is prepared considering Vale’s accounting policies including eventual goodwill, provisional price adjustment and others. Accounting policy Joint arrangements investments - Joint arrangements are all entities over which the Company has shared control with one or more parties. Joint arrangement investments are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures depending on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor. The joint operations are recorded in the financial statements to represent the Company's contractual rights and obligations. Interests in joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, after initially being recognized at cost. The Company's investment in joint ventures includes the goodwill identified in the acquisition, net of any impairment loss. The Company's interest in the profits or losses of its joint ventures is recognized in the income statement and participation in the changes in reserves is recognized in the Company's reserves. When the Company's interest in the losses of an associate or joint venture is equal to or greater than the carrying amount of the investment, including any other receivables, the Company does not recognize additional losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the joint venture. 44 Net income (loss) 157 (1,698) 1,410 454 252 251 Stockholders'equity 3,435 1,734 2,521 3,552 4,192 8,516 Non-current liabilities 705 3,549 16 2,784 - 5,952 Non-current assets 3,972 12,281 1,024 6,813 1,396 13,795 Aliança Geração de Energia CSP Pelletizing (i) MRS Logística Henan Longyu VLI S.A. December 31, 2017 Net income (loss) 148 (1,734) 2,229 549 233 317 Stockholders'equity 3,422 - 3,184 3,990 4,910 8,826 Non-current liabilities 612 10,795 6 2,709 101 6,954 Non-current assets 3,635 11,875 1,147 7,074 1,520 15,257 Aliança Geração de Energia CSP Pelletizing (i) MRS Logística Henan Longyu VLI S.A. December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Critical accounting estimates and judgments Judgment is required in some circumstances to determine whether after considering all relevant factors, the Company has either control, joint control or significant influence over an entity. Significant influence includes situations of collective control. The Company holds the majority of the voting capital in five joint arrangements (Aliança Geração de Energia S.A., Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A., Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização), but management has concluded that the Company does not have a sufficiently dominant voting interest to have the power to direct the activities of the entity. As a result, these entities are accounted under equity method due to shareholder’s agreements where relevant decisions are shared with other parties. 17. Noncontrolling interest a) Summarized financial information The summarized financial information, prior to the eliminations of the intercompany balances and transactions, about subsidiaries with material noncontrolling interest are as follows: MBR PTVI VNC Vale Moçambique S.A. Others (i) Total Non-current assets 9,684 6,074 7,447 6,620 - Total assets 14,730 8,305 8,449 7,879 - Current liabilities 723 639 546 1,211 - Related parties - Stockholders 765 - 2,967 33,829 - Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 4,860 2,953 196 (4,998) 269 3,280 Net income (loss) 1,587 218 1,460 (3,731) - (i)Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing Vale Moçambique S.A. Compañia Mineradora Miski Mayo S.A.C. (i) MBR PTVI VNC Others (ii) Total Non-current assets 10,061 5,247 6,767 5,467 1,481 - Total assets 13,364 7,038 7,976 7,565 1,725 - Current liabilities 561 423 469 419 117 - Related parties - Stockholders 747 10 4,363 27,231 32 - Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 4,441 2,431 121 (3,641) 754 242 4,348 Net income (loss) 1,385 (49) (1,827) (2,110) (37) - (i) Discontinued operations (ii)Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing 45 Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests 361----43404 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 554 (20) (91) (332) (22) (46) 43 Stockholders' equity 11,1035,8212,416(20,192)1,257-Total liabilities 2,261 1,217 5,560 27,757 468 - Non-current liabilities 953784728107319-Related parties - Stockholders 1,95448638283719-Current assets 1,349 1,305 827 1,261 225 - December 31, 2017 Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests 587---48635 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 635 89 73 (718) 38 117 Stockholders' equity 12,1507,0723,946(27,469)-Total liabilities 2,580 1,233 4,503 35,348 - Non-current liabilities 1,092594990308-Related parties - Stockholders2,79442921785-Current assets2,252 1,802 785 1,174 - December 31, 2018

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated December 31, 2016 Net income (loss) 1,393 6 (2,627) (1,928) 16 - - (i) Discontinued operation (ii) Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests relates to Vale Oman Pelletizing The stand-alone financial statements of those entities may differ from the financial information reported herein, which is prepared considering Vale’s accounting policies including eventual goodwill, provisional price adjustment and others. 18. Intangibles Changes in intangibles are as follows: Consolidated Balance at December 31, 2016 10,041 10,759 480 1,115 22,395 Disposals - (30) - - (30) Translation adjustment 479 38) 33 19 569 Balance at December 31, 2017 13,593 13,236 506 759 28,094 Accumulated amortization - (3,551) (292) (4,382) (8,225) Additions - 3,046 - 22 3,068 Amortization - (494) (6) (356) (856) Balance at December 31, 2018 14,155 15,737 530 428 30,850 Accumulated amortization - (3,802) (248) (3,146) (7,196) Concessions Right of use Software Total Additions 2,778 - 69 2,847 Amortization (261) (7) (400) (668) Cost 16,245 223 4,110 20,578 Balance at December 31, 2017 12,773 111 587 13,471 Disposals (96) - (8) (104) Balance at December 31, 2018 15,240 105 277 15,622 Accumulated amortization (3,705) (118) (2,154) (5,977) 46 Balance at December 31, 201815,240 105 277 15,622 Cost18,945 223 2,431 21,599 Amortization(468)(6)(310)(784) Additions 3,031 - 8 3,039 Accumulated amortization(3,472)(112)(3,523)(7,107) Balance at December 31, 201712,773 111 587 13,471 Disposals(22)--(22) Balance at December 31, 201610,278 118 918 11,314 Parent company Balance at December 31, 201814,155 15,737 530 428 30,850 Cost14,155 19,539 778 3,574 38,046 Translation adjustment562483011651 Disposals-(99)-(8)(107) Balance at December 31, 201713,593 13,236 506 759 28,094 Cost13,593 16,787 798 5,141 36,319 Merger of Valepar (note 30)3,073---3,073 Amortization-(671)(7)(456)(1,134) Additions-3,140 - 81 3,221 GoodwillConcessionsRight of useSoftwareTotal Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests 886 - - - 38 48 972 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 572 3 (131) (96) 9 (372) (15) MBR PTVI VNC Vale Moçambique S.A. Compañia Mineradora Miski Mayo S.A.C. (i) Others (ii) Total

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated a) Goodwill - The goodwill arose from the acquisition of iron ore and nickel businesses. In 2017, the goodwill was recognized on the acquisition of Vale controlling interest by Valepar, based on the expected future returns on the ferrous segment. As the fundamentals are still valid on the date of the merger of Valepar by Vale, the goodwill was fully recognized. The Company has not recognized the deferred taxes over the goodwill, since there are no differences between the tax basis and accounting basis. The Company asse sses annually the recoverable amount of the goodwill. b) Concessions - The concessions refer to the agreements with governments for the exploration and the development of ports and railways. The Company holds railway concessions which are valid over a certain period of time. Those assets are classified as intangible assets and amortized over the shorter of their useful lives and the concession term at the end of which they will be returned to the government. c) Right of use - Refers to intangible identified in the business combination of Vale Canada Limited (“Vale Canada”) and to the usufruct contract between the Company and noncontrolling stockholders to use the shares of Empreendimentos Brasileiros de Mineração S.A. (owner of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. shares). The amortization of the right of use will expire in 2037 and Vale Canada's intangible will end in September of 2046. Accounting policy Intangibles are carried at the acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. The estimated useful lives are as follows: Useful life Right of use 22 to 31 years 19. Property, plant and equipment Changes in property, plant and equipment are as follows: Mineral properties Constructions in progress Land Building Facilities Equipment Others Total Additions (i) - - - - - - 10,867 10,867 Assets retirement obligation - - - - 1,382 - - 1,382 Impairment (note 20) (65) - - (110) (429) - (279) (883) Transfers (211) 6,820 10,198 3,519 2,958 5,129 (28,413) - Cost 2,375 63,392 60,509 42,490 57,794 41,223 20,240 288,023 Balance at December 31, 2017 2,375 40,028 38,986 22,803 29,999 27,104 20,240 181,535 Disposals (43) (177) (338) (917) (28) (291) (340) (2,134) Depreciation, amortization and depletion - (1,922) (2,378) (3,080) (1,904) (2,370) - (11,654) Translation adjustment 85 1,531 1,241 1,754 1,848 883 968 8,310 Balance at December 31, 2018 2,459 42,434 43,536 24,826 32,931 28,175 13,120 187,481 Accumulated depreciation - (28,345) (24,702) (23,314) (31,842) (17,156) - (125,359) 47 Balance at December 31, 2018 2,459 42,434 43,536 24,826 32,931 28,175 13,120 187,481 Cost 2,459 70,779 68,238 48,140 64,773 45,331 13,120 312,840 Transfers 423,0136,0954,3481,3302,968(17,796)-Impairment (note 20) -(39)(70)(82)-(119)(403)(713) Assets retirement obligation ----1,686--1,686 Additions (i) - - - - - - 10,451 10,451 Accumulated depreciation -(23,364)(21,523)(19,687)(27,795)(14,119)-(106,488) Balance at December 31, 2017 2,375 40,028 38,986 22,803 29,999 27,104 20,240 181,535 Translation adjustment 293326454631,237572(85)2,860 Depreciation, amortization and depletion -(1,871)(2,351)(2,596)(1,971)(2,407)-(11,196) Disposals (2)(37)(181)(214)(490)(684)(503)(2,111) Balance at December 31, 2016 2,360 34,790 30,866 22,141 27,312 24,494 38,653 180,616 Consolidated Software5 years Concessions3 to 50 years

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Mineral properties Constructions in progress Land Building Facilities Equipment Others Total Additions (i) - - - - - - 6,195 6,195 Assets retirement obligation - - - - 269 - - 269 Transfers 56 5,125 7,950 2,401 1,243 3,533 (20,308) - Cost 1,739 30,456 34,144 16,482 7,088 27,735 15,432 133,076 Balance at December 31, 2017 1,739 25,315 27,204 9,716 5,367 18,205 15,432 102,978 Disposals (41) (20) (280) (141) (7) (90) (173) (752) Depreciation, amortization and depletion - (854) (1,274) (1,269) (292) (1,749) - (5,438) Balance at December 31, 2018 1,735 26,559 30,593 10,004 7,689 19,240 7,996 103,816 Accumulated depreciation - (6,577) (7,961) (7,303) (2,042) (11,643) - (35,526) (i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs. Disposals of assets The Company recognized a loss of R$1,283 and R$1,144 in the income statement as "Impairment and disposal of non-current assets" for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, due to non-viable projects and operating assets written off through sale or obsolescence. Additionally, in the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company concluded the sale of four VLOC’s and two Floating Transfer Stations in the amount of R$1,259. The Company recognized a loss of R$436 in the income statement as “Impairment and disposal of non-current assets”. Accounting policy Property, plant and equipment are recorded at the cost of acquisition or construction, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment charges. Mineral properties developed internally are determined by (i) direct and indirect costs attributed to build the mining facili ties, (ii) financial charges incurred during the construction period, (iii) depreciation of other fixed assets used during construction, (iv) estimated decommissioning and site restoration expenses, and (v) other capitalized expenditures during the development phase (phase when the project demonstrates its economic benefit to the Company, and the Company has ability and intention to complete the project). The depletion of mineral properties is determined based on the ratio between production and total proven and probable mineral reserves. Property, plant and equipment, other than mineral properties are depreciated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives, from the date on which the assets become available for their intended use and are capitalized, except for land which is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives are as follows: Useful life Facilities 3 to 50 years Others: Wagon 30 to 44 years Ships 20 years The residual values and useful lives of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted if necessary. 48 Others2 to 50 years Railway equipment5 to 33 years Locomotives12 to 25 years Equipment3 to 40 years Buildings15 to 50 years Balance at December 31, 2018 1,735 26,559 30,593 10,004 7,689 19,240 7,996 103,816 Cost 1,735 33,136 38,554 17,307 9,731 30,883 7,996 139,342 Transfers 372,1184,9431,6986552,874(12,325)-Assets retirement obligation ----1,966--1,966 Additions (i) - - - - - - 5,062 5,062 Accumulated depreciation -(5,141)(6,940)(6,766)(1,721)(9,530)-(30,098) Balance at December 31, 2017 1,739 25,315 27,204 9,716 5,367 18,205 15,432 102,978 Depreciation, amortization and depletion -(755)(1,092)(1,098)(267)(1,731)-(4,943) Disposals (1)-(70)(66)-(96)(366)(599) Balance at December 31, 2016 1,684 20,945 20,416 8,479 4,122 16,499 29,911 102,056 Parent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Expenditures and stripping costs (i) Exploration and evaluation expenditures - Expenditures on mining research are accounted for as operating expenses until the effective proof of economic feasibility and commercial viability of a given field can be demonstrated. From then on, the expenditures incurred are capitalized as mineral properties. (ii) Expenditures on feasibility studies, new technologies and other researches - The Company also conducts feasibility studies for many businesses which it operates including researching new technologies to optimize the mining process. After these costs are proven to generate future benefits to the Company, the expenditures incurred are capitalized. (iii) Maintenance costs - Significant industrial maintenance costs, including spare parts, assembly services, and others, are recorded in property, plant and equipment and depreciated through the next programmed maintenance overhaul. (iv) Stripping Costs - The costs associated with the removal of overburden and other waste materials (“stripping costs”) incurred during the development of mines, before production takes place, are capitalized as part of the depreciable cost of the minera l properties. These costs are subsequently amortized over the useful life of the mine. Post-production stripping costs are included in the cost of inventory, except when a new project is developed to permit access to a significant ore deposits. In such cases, the cost is capitalized as a non-current asset and is amortized during the extraction of the ore deposits, over the useful life of the ore deposits. Critical accounting estimates and judgments Mineral reserves - The estimates of proven and probable reserves are regularly evaluated and updated. These reserves are determined using generally accepted geological estimates. The calculation of reserves requires the Company to make assumption s about expected future conditions that are uncertain, including future ore prices, exchange rates, inflation rates, mining technology, availability of permits and production costs. Changes in assumptions could have a significant impact on the proven and probab le reserves of the Company. The estimated volume of mineral reserves is used as basis for the calculation of depletion of the mineral properties, and also for the estimated useful life which is a major factor to quantify the provision for asset retirement obligation, environmental recovery of mines and impairment of long lived asset. Any changes to the estimates of the volume of mine reserves and the useful lives of assets may have a significant impact on the depreciation, depletion and amortization charges and assessments of impairment. 49

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 20. Impairment and onerous contracts The impairment losses (reversals) recognized in the year are presented below: Income statement Segments by class of assets Assets or cash-generating unit 2018 2017 2016 Iron ore North system - - (536) Base metals – nickel Stobie (VCL) - 428 - Base metals – nickel Nouvelle Caledonie (VNC) - - 952 Impairment of non-current assets 713 883 3,079 Onerous contracts 1,527 - 861 a) Impairment of non-financial assets The Company has carried out an impairment test for the assets for which triggering event was identified. The recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of value in use (“VIU”) and fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”). The recoverable amount of each Cash Generating Unit (“CGU”) under the impairment testing was assessed using FVLCD model, through discounted cash flow techniques, which is classified as “level 3” in the fair value hierarchy. The cash flows were discounted using a post-tax discount rate ranging from 6% to 10%, which represents an estimate of the rate that a market participant would apply having regard to the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. The Company used its weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) as a starting point for determining the discount rates, with appropriate adjustments for the risk profile of the countries in which the individual CGU operates. Iron ore and pellets - During 2018, the Company did not identify any changes in the circumstances or indicators that would require reassessment of the carrying amount of the iron ore and pellets CGUs. Of the total goodwill (note 18), R$7,133 is allocated to the group of ferrous mineral CGUs. The impairment analysis based on FVLCD model demonstrates that there was no impairment loss in relation to the individual CGUs or goodwill. In 2016, based on the market circumstances, the Company decided to resume Norte ́s system pelletizing plant, based on the studies carried out by management that demonstrated its economic feasibility. Accordingly, the Company reversed the full impairments of R$536 recorded in 2013 and 2015. Coal - Based on the 2018 impairment triggering assessment, the Company has identified trigger of impairment in the Mozambique CGU driven by the lower than planned production volumes during the year. The Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model and concluded that there were no changes in the impairment recognized in 2015. In 2016, the mining plans for the coal assets in Australia were revised and an impairment loss of R$91 was recognized in the income statement. Nickel (Onça Puma) - In September 2017, the Federal Court granted an injunction suspending the nickel mining operations at Onça Puma (base metals segment). The Company has appealed this decision to seek a suspension of this injunction, but it is not possible to anticipate when Onça Puma activities will resume. On the assumption that the Company will be able to operate this asset in the future, the Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model assuming different returning of operations scenarios and concluded that no impairment loss should be booked. Nickel (Others) - In addition, the Company did not identify any changes in the circumstances or indicators during 2018 that would require reassessment of the carrying amount of the other Nickel CGUs. Of the total goodwill (note 18), R$7,022 is allocated to the group of nickel CGUs. The impairment analysis based on FVLCD model demonstrates that there was no impairment loss in relation to the individual CGUs or goodwill. 50 Impairment of non-current assets and onerous contracts 2,240 883 3,940 Several segmentsOther assets713455460 Base metals – nickelNewfoundland (VNL)--2,112 CoalAustralia--91 Property, plant and equipment and intangible Impairment (reversals)

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated In 2017, an underground mine in Sudbury (Stobie) was affected by seismic activities and the cost to repair the asset is deemed not recoverable in the current market conditions. Therefore, the Company has placed this asset on “care and maintenance” and an impairment of R$428 was recognized in the income statement. In 2016, the decrease in long term nickel price projections, that significantly reduced the recoverable amounts of the VNL and VNC CGUs, associated with significant capital investments in new processing facilities in recent years, resulted in impairment losses of R$2,112 and R$952, respectively. Other assets – The Company has undertaken a review on the business plan of its biological assets leading to a reduction in the expected operational capacity of these assets. The Company carried out an impairment test based on FVLCD model and an impairment loss of R$713 was recognized in the income statement. b) Onerous contract In 2018, the Company recognized a provision of R$1,527 (2016: R$861) for the costs in respect of certain long-term contracts in the Midwest system for fluvial transportation and port structure, with minimum guaranteed volume. Accounting policy Impairment of non-financial assets - Non-financial assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount might not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset´s carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”) and value in use (”VIU”). FVLCD is generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset from a market participant’s perspective, including any expansion prospects. VIU model is determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present form. Value in use is determined by applying assumptions specific to the Company’s continued use and cannot take into account future development. These assumptions are different to those used in calculating fair value and consequently the VIU calculation is likely to give a different result to a FVLCD calculation. Assets that have an indefinite useful life and are not subject to amortization, such as goodwill, are tested annually for impairment. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (CGU). Goodwill is allocated to Cash Generating Units or Cash Generating Units groups that are expected to benefit from the business combinations in which the goodwill arose and are identified in accordance with the operating segment. Non-current assets (excluding goodwill) in which the Company recognized impairment in the past are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the impairment may no longer be applicable. In such cases, an impairment reversal will be recognized. Onerous Contracts - For certain long-term contracts, a provision is recognized when the present value of the unavoidable cost to meet the Company’s obligation exceeds the economic benefits that could be received from those contracts. Critical accounting estimates and judgments The Company determines its cash flows based on the budgets approved by management, which require the use of the following assumptions: (i) mineral reserves and mineral resources measured by internal experts; (ii) costs and investments based on the best estimate of projects as supported by past performance; (iii) sale prices consistent with projections available in reports published by industry considering the market price when appropriate; (iv) the useful life of each cash-generating unit (ratio between production and mineral reserves); and (v) discount rates that reflect specific risks relating to the relevant assets in each cash-generating unit. These assumptions are subject to risk and uncertainty. Hence, there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will change these projections, which may affect the recoverable amount of the assets. 51

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 21. Loans, borrowings and cash and cash equivalents a) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents includes cash, immediately redeemable deposits and short -term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value. They are readily convertible to cash, part in R$, indexed to the Brazilian Interbank In terest rate (“DI Rate”or”CDI”) and part denominated in US$, mainly time deposits. b) Loans and borrowings As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, loans and borrowings are secured by property, plant and equipment and receivables in the amount of R$857 and R$910, respectively. The securities issued through Vale’s wholly-owned finance subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Vale. i) Total debt Consolidated December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 US$ 993 2,148 39,909 53,125 R$ 1,907 1,703 11,392 11,142 Accrued charges 893 1,725 29 39 Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Principal in: EUR - - 3,329 2,977 Accrued charges 385 1,145 - - The future flows of debt payments principal and interest are as follows: Estimated future interest payments (i) Principal Principal 2020 4,079 3,095 3,407 2022 7,252 2,565 2,720 2028 onwards 20,105 14,701 2,873 (i) Based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as at December 31, 2018 and considering that the payments of principal will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated interest not yet accrued and the interest already recognized in the financial statements. 52 Total 59,006 34,677 25,220 Between 2023 and 2027 19,7968,26211,043 2021 4,7782,8353,040 2019 2,996 3,219 2,137 Consolidated Parent company Total2,523 4,378 23,082 28,966 R$1,5811,40410,74910,276 US$5571,8299,00415,713 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Parent company Total3,889 5,633 56,039 68,759 Other currencies9657492682 EUR--4,2173,771 Principal in: Current liabilitiesNon-current liabilities

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated ii) Reconciliation of debt to cash flows arising from financing activities Loans and borrowings Additions 4,584 Interest paid (4,023) Interest accretion 4,142 (i) In 2018, the Company conducted a cash tender offer for Vale Overseas’ 5.875% guaranteed notes due 2021, 6.875% guaranteed notes due 2036, 4.375% guaranteed notes due 2022 and a cash tender offer for Vale S.A.’ 5.625% guaranteed notes due 2042 and repurchased a total of R$14,453 (US$3,730 million). The Company also redeemed all of Vale Overseas’ 4.625% guaranteed notes due 2020 totaling R$1,698 (US$499 million). Accounting policy Loans and borrowings are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the Income statement over the period of the loan, using the effective interest rate method. The fees paid in obtaining the loan are recognized as transaction costs. Loans and borrowing costs are capitalized as part of property, plants and equipment if those costs are directly related to a qualified asset. The capitalization occurs until the qualified asset is ready for its intended use. The average capitalization rate is 17%. Borrowing costs that are not capitalized are recognized in the income statement in the period in which they are incurred. Liquidity risk - The revolving credit facilities available today were provided by a syndicate of several global commercial banks. To mitigate liquidity risk, Vale has two revolving credit facilities, which will mature in 2020 and 2022, in the available amount of R$19,374 (US$5,000 million) to assist the short term liquidity management and to enable more efficiency in cash management, being consistent with the strategic focus on cost of capital reduction. As of December 31, 2018, these lines are undrawn. Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain financial covenants. The primary financial covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA (LAJIDA - Earnings before Interest Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and interest coverage. The Company has not identified any instances of noncompliance as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. 53 December 31, 201859,928 Non-cash changes13,124 Effect of exchange rate8,982 Cash flow from financing activities(27,588) Repayments (i)(28,149) December 31, 201774,392 Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures In March 2016 Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (“BHPB”), entered into an Agreement (“Framework Agreement”) with the Brazilian federal government, the two Brazilian states (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities, in connection with the lawsuit related to the Samarco dam failure (note 28d), in order to implement the programs for remediation and compensation of the areas and communities affected. The Framework Agreement has a 15-year term, renewable for successive one-year periods until all the obligations under the Framework Agreement have been satisfied. Under the Framework Agreement, Samarco, Vale S.A. and BHPB have established a foundation (“Fundação Renova” or “Foundation”) to develop and implement social and economic remediation and compensation, to be funded by Samarco. To the extent that Samarco does not meet its funding obligations to the foundation, each of Vale S.A. and BHPB will provide, under the terms of the Framework Agreement, funds to the Foundation in proportion to its 50% equity interest in Samarco. As a consequence of the dam failure, governmental authorities ordered the suspension of Samarco’s operations. Due to the uncertainties regarding Samarco's future cash flow, Vale S.A. maintains a provision for the obligation to comply with the reparation and compensation programs under the Framework Agreement (pro rata to its proportional equity interest in Samarco). The changes in the provisions are as follows: 2018 2017 Payments (1,065) (941) Provision increase 1,523 128 Non-current liabilities 3,226 2,216 In 2018, the Fundação Renova reviewed the estimates for the expenditures required to mitigate and compensate for the impacts of the disruption from Samarco’s tailing dam. As a result of this revision, Vale S.A. recognized in 2018 an additional provision of R$1,523, which amounts to the present value of Vale’s new estimated secondary responsibility to support the Renova Foundation works and is equivalent to 50% of Samarco’s additional obligations over the next 12 years. In addition to the provision above, Vale S.A. made available in the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 the amount of R$315 and R$452, respectively, which was fully used to fund Samarco’s working capital and was recognized in Vale´s income statement as an expense in “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. Vale S.A. intends to make available until June 30, 2019 short-term facilities up to R$341 to support Samarco’s cash necessity, without any binding obligation to Samarco in this regard. Such support will be released simultaneously with BHPB, and pursuant to the same amounts, terms and conditions, subject to the fulfillment of certain milestones. The summarized financial information of Samarco are as follows: Current assets 210 220 Total assets 13,552 20,121 23,517 18,132 Current liabilities Total liabilities 38,759 30,128 Under Brazilian legislation and the terms of the joint venture agreement, Vale does not have an obligation to provide funding to Samarco. Therefore, Vale’s investment in Samarco was impaired in full and no provision was recognized in relation to the Samarco’s negative reserves. 54 Loss(4,869)(3,062) Negative reserves(25,207)(10,007) Non-current liabilities15,24211,996 Non-current assets13,34219,901 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Liabilities4,3463,296 Current liabilities1,1201,080 Balance at December 31,4,3463,296 Present value valuation592598 Balance at January 01,3,2963,511

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Critical accounting estimates and judgments The provision requires the use of assumptions that may be mainly affected by: (i) changes in scope of work required under the Framework Agreement as a result of further technical analysis and the ongoing negotiations with the Federal Prosecution Office, (ii) resolution of uncertainty in respect of the resumption of Samarco´s operations; (iii) updates in the discount rate; and (iv) resolution of existing and potential legal claims. As a result, future expenditures may differ from the amounts currently provided and changes to key assumptions could result in a material impact to the amount of the provision in future reporting periods. At each reporting period, Vale S.A. will reassess the key assumptions used by Samarco in the preparation of the projected cash flows and will adjust the provision, if required. 23. Financial instruments classification The Company classifies its financial instruments in accordance with the purpose for which they were acquired, and determines the classification and initial recognition according to the following categories: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments - - 125 125 61 - 61 Accounts receivable 10,679 - (418) 10,261 8,039 563 8,602 34,501 - (144) 34,357 28,695 914 29,609 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,520 1,520 - 1,497 1,497 Loans 589 - - 589 498 - 498 6,837 3,823 1,520 12,180 9,193 1,497 10,690 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 13,610 - - 13,610 13,367 - 13,367 Loans and borrowings 3,889 - - 3,889 5,633 - 5,633 21,891 - 1,821 23,712 21,916 344 22,260 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,335 1,335 - 2,269 2,269 Related parties 3,722 - - 3,722 3,226 - 3,226 59,761 - 6,789 66,550 71,985 6,349 78,334 55 Total of financial liabilities 81,652 - 8,610 90,262 93,901 6,693 100,594 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 5,454 5,454 - 4,080 4,080 Loans and borrowings 56,039 - - 56,039 68,759 - 68,759 Non-current Related parties 4,392 - - 4,392 2,916 - 2,916 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,821 1,821 - 344 344 Current Total of financial assets 41,338 3,823 1,376 46,537 37,888 2,411 40,299 Related parties 6,248 - - 6,248 8,695 - 8,695 Investments in equity securities - 3,823 - 3,823 - - - Non-current Related parties 1,409 - - 1,409 6,277 - 6,277 Derivative financial instruments - - 149 149 - 351 351 Cash and cash equivalents 22,413 - - 22,413 14,318 - 14,318 Financial assets Amortized cost At fair value through OCI At fair value through profit or loss Total Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through profit or loss Total Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments - - 4 4 4 - 4 Accounts receivable 17,344 - (11) 17,333 9,571 (11) 9,560 22,419 - 109 22,528 11,657 188 11,845 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,471 1,471 - 1,268 1,268 Loans 18 - - 18 18 - 18 471 3,334 1,471 5,276 597 1,268 1,865 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 7,342 - - 7,342 7,503 - 7,503 Loans and borrowings 2,523 - - 2,523 4,378 - 4,378 13,442 - 1,506 14,948 15,983 311 16,294 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,245 1,245 - 2,113 2,113 Related parties 65,041 - - 65,041 48,762 - 48,762 88,123 - 6,699 94,822 77,728 6,193 83,921 The classification of financial assets and liabilities by currencies are as follows: Consolidated Financial assets R$ US$ CAD EUR Others currencies Total Cash and cash equivalents 10,715 11,172 89 46 391 22,413 Derivative financial instruments 116 33 - - - 149 Related parties - 1,409 - - - 1,409 Non-current Investments in equity securities - 3,823 - - - 3,823 Related parties - 6,248 - - - 6,248 Total of financial assets 14,055 31,943 102 46 391 46,537 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 6,939 4,580 1,133 548 410 13,610 Loans and borrowings 2,062 1,589 98 140 - 3,889 13,488 7,895 1,231 688 410 23,712 Derivative financial instruments 1,246 89 - - - 1,335 Related parties 253 3,469 - - - 3,722 18,376 43,467 491 4,216 - 66,550 56 Total of financial liabilities31,864 51,362 1,722 4,904 410 90,262 Participative stockholders' debentures5,454----5,454 Loans and borrowings11,42339,9094914,216-56,039 Non-current Related parties2,9811,411---4,392 Derivative financial instruments1,506315---1,821 Current 1,489 10,691 - - - 12,180 Loans18571---589 Derivative financial instruments1,47149---1,520 12,566 21,252 102 46 391 34,357 Accounts receivable1,7318,51713--10,261 Financial investments4121---125 Current December 31, 2018 Total of financial liabilities 101,565 - 8,205 109,770 93,711 6,504 100,215 Participative stockholders' debentures - - 5,454 5,454 - 4,080 4,080 Loans and borrowings 23,082 - - 23,082 28,966 - 28,966 Non-current Related parties 3,577 - - 3,577 4,102 - 4,102 Derivative financial instruments - - 1,506 1,506 - 311 311 Current Total of financial assets 22,890 3,334 1,580 27,804 12,254 1,456 13,710 Related parties 453 - - 453 579 - 579 Investments in equity securities - 3,334 - 3,334 - - - Non-current Related parties 240 - - 240 206 - 206 Derivative financial instruments - - 116 116 - 199 199 Cash and cash equivalents 4,835 - - 4,835 1,876 - 1,876 Financial assets Amortized cost At fair value through OCI At fair value through profit or loss Total Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through profit or loss Total Parent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments 3 58 - - - 61 Accounts receivable 813 7,723 20 46 8,602 6,936 22,134 179 36 324 29,609 Derivative financial instruments 1,269 228 - - - 1,497 Related parties - 8,695 - - - 8,695 Total of financial assets 8,222 31,538 179 36 324 40,299 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 8,150 3,665 1,277 162 113 13,367 Loans and borrowings 2,541 2,911 57 124 - 5,633 11,005 9,522 1,334 286 113 22,260 2,110 159 - - - 2,269 Derivative financial instruments Related parties 258 2,968 - - - 3,226 17,626 56,252 685 3,771 - 78,334 Parent company Financial assets R$ US$ EUR Others currencies Total 4,773 62 - - 4,835 Cash and cash equivalents Derivative financial instruments 116 - - - 116 Related parties - 240 - - 240 Non-current Investments in equity securities - 3,334 - - 3,334 Related parties - 453 - - 453 Total of financial assets 6,952 20,845 7 - 27,804 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 6,953 130 236 23 7,342 Loans and borrowings 1,722 662 139 - 2,523 10,977 3,573 375 23 14,948 Derivative financial instruments 1,245 - - - 1,245 Related parties 1,750 63,291 - - 65,041 19,198 72,295 3,329 - 94,822 57 Total of financial liabilities30,175 75,868 3,704 23 109,770 Participative stockholders' debentures5,454---5,454 Loans and borrowings10,7499,0043,329-23,082 Non-current Related parties7962,781--3,577 Derivative financial instruments1,506---1,506 Current 1,489 3,787 - - 5,276 Loans18---18 Derivative financial instruments1,471---1,471 5,463 17,058 7 - 22,528 Accounts receivable57016,7567-17,333 Financial investments4---4 Current December 31, 2018 Total of financial liabilities28,631 65,774 2,019 4,057 113 100,594 Participative stockholders' debentures4,080----4,080 Loans and borrowings11,17853,1256853,771-68,759 Non-current Related parties-2,916---2,916 Derivative financial instruments31430---344 Current 1,286 9,404 - - - 10,690 Loans17481---498 Non-current Related parties-6,277---6,277 Derivative financial instruments199152---351 Cash and cash equivalents5,9217,9241593627814,318 Financial assetsR$US$CADEUR Others currenciesTotal Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated December 31, 2017 Current Financial investments 4 - - 4 Accounts receivable 1,094 8,459 7 9,560 3,133 8,705 7 11,845 Derivative financial instruments 1,268 - - 1,268 Related parties - 579 - 579 Total of financial assets 4,419 9,284 7 13,710 Financial liabilities Suppliers and contractors 7,276 163 64 7,503 Loans and borrowings 2,228 2,026 124 4,378 10,637 5,469 188 16,294 Derivative financial instruments 2,113 - - 2,113 Related parties 2,508 46,254 - 48,762 18,977 61,967 2,977 83,921 Accounting policy The Company classifies financial instruments based on its business model for managing the assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of those assets. The business model test determines the classification based on the business purpose for holding the asset and whether the contractual cash flows represent only payments of principal and interest. Financial instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless certain conditions are met that permit measurement at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”) or amortized cost. Gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income for debt instruments are recognized in profit or loss only on disposal. Investments in equity instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless they are eligible to be measured at FVOCI. The Company recognizes equity instruments and gains and losses are never being recycled to profit or loss. Information about the Company’s exposure to credit risk is set out in note 33. All financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method. Participative stockholders' debentures and Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss. 58 Total of financial liabilities29,614 67,436 3,165100,215 Participative stockholders' debentures4,080--4,080 Loans and borrowings10,27615,7132,97728,966 Non-current Related parties8223,280-4,102 Derivative financial instruments311--311 Current 1,286 579 -1,865 Loans18--18 Non-current Related parties-206-206 Derivative financial instruments199--199 Cash and cash equivalents1,83640-1,876 Financial assetsR$US$EURTotal Parent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 24. Fair value estimate Due to the short-term cycle, it is assumed that the fair value of cash and cash equivalents balances, financial investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their book values. For the measurement and determination of fair value, the Company uses various methods including market, income or cost approaches, in order to estimate the value that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are classified and disclosed in accordance with the following levels: Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices on an active, liquid and visible market for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at t he measurement date; Level 2 - Quoted prices (adjusted or unadjusted) for identical or similar assets or liabilities on active markets; and Level 3 - Assets and liabilities, for which quoted prices, do not exist, or where prices or valuation techniques are supported by little or no market activity, unobservable or illiquid. a) Assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value: Consolidated Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Financial investments 125 - - 125 - - - Accounts receivable - (418) - (418) 563 - 563 Total 3,948 107 1,144 5,199 1,517 894 2,411 Financial liabilities Participative stockholders' debentures - 5,454 - 5,454 4,080 - 4,080 Parent company Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Financial investments 4 - - 4 - - - Accounts receivable - (11) - (11) (11) - (11) Total 3,338 432 1,144 4,914 562 894 1,456 Financial liabilities Participative stockholders' debentures - 5,454 - 5,454 4,080 - 4,080 The Company changed its accounting estimate on the calculation of the participative stockholders’ debentures from January 1, 2018. The Company has replaced in the calculation the assumption of spot price at the reporting date to the weighted average price traded on the market within the last month of the quarter. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, or between Level 2 and Level 3 in the year ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2018: Consolidated Parent company Financial assets Financial liabilities Financial assets Financial liabilities Gain and losses recognized in income statement 250 - 250 - 59 Balance at December 31, 20181,144 6901,144 690 Balance at December 31, 2017894 690894 690 Derivative financial instruments Total-7,515 690 8,205 5,814 690 6,504 Derivative financial instruments-2,0616902,7511,7346902,424 Investments in equity securities3,334--3,334---Derivative financial instruments-4431,1441,5875738941,467 Financial assets December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Total-7,920 690 8,610 6,003 690 6,693 Derivative financial instruments-2,4666903,1561,9236902,613 Investments in equity securities3,823--3,823---Derivative financial instruments-5251,1441,6699548941,848 Financial assets December 31, 2018December 31, 2017

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Methods and valuation techniques i) Derivative financial instruments Derivative financial instruments are evaluated through the use of market curves and prices impacting each instrument at the closing dates, detailed in the item "market curves” (note 34). For the pricing of options the Company often uses the Black & Scholes model. In this model, the fair value of the derivative is determined basically as a function of the volatility and the price of the underlying asset, the strike price of the option, the risk free interest rate and the option maturity. In the case of options where payoff is a function of the average price of the underlying asset over a certain period during the life of the option, the Company uses Turnbull & Wakeman model. In this model, in addition to the factors that influence the option price in the Black-Scholes model, the formation period of the average price is also considered. In the case of swaps, both the present value of the long and short positions are estimated by discounting their cash flows by the interest rate in the related currency. The fair value is determined by the difference between the present value of the long and short positions of the swap in the reference currency. For the swaps indexed to TJLP, the calculation of the fair value assumes that TJLP is constant, that is, the projections of future cash flows in Brazilian Reais are made considering the last TJLP disclosed. Forward and future contracts are priced using the future curves of their corresponding underlying assets. Typically, these curves are obtained on the stock exchanges where these assets are traded, such as the London Metals Exchange (“LME”), the Commodity Exchange (“COMEX”) or other providers of market prices. When there is no price for the desired maturity, Vale uses an interpolation between the available maturities. The fair value of derivatives within level 3 is estimated using discounted cash flows and option model valuation techniques with unobservable inputs of discount rates, stock prices and commodities prices. ii) Participative stockholders’ debentures - Consist of the debentures issued during the privatization process (note 13), for which fair values are measured based on the market approach. Reference prices are available on the secondary market. Critical accounting estimates and judgments The fair values of financial instruments that are not traded in active markets are determined using valuation techniques. Vale uses its own judgment to choose between the various methods. Assumptions are based on the market conditions, at the end of the year. An analysis of the impact if actual results are different from management's estimates is present on note 34 (sensitivity analysis). b) Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value The fair value estimate for level 1 is based on market approach considering the secondary market contracts. For loans allocated to level 2, the income approach is adopted and the fair value for both fixed-indexed rate debt and floating rate debt is determined on a discounted cash flow basis using LIBOR future values and Vale’s bonds curve. The fair values and carrying amounts of loans and borrowings are as follows: Financial liabilities Balance Fair value Level 1 Level 2 Balance Fair value Level 1 Level 2 Debt principal 59,006 63,013 41,408 21,605 25,220 25,586 8,049 17,537 December 31, 2017 60 Debt principal72,62876,37749,40626,97132,19934,08811,21322,875 December 31, 2018 ConsolidatedParent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 25. Derivative financial instruments a) Derivatives effects on statement of financial position Assets Current Non-current Current Non-current Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap 27 324 30 271 Pré-dolar swap 73 3 73 106 Commodities price risk Bunker oil 3 - 50 - 3 1,176 - 1,021 Liabilities Current Non-current Current Non-current Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap 136 181 - 136 Pré-dolar swap 40 72 17 79 Commodities price risk Bunker oil 114 - - - - 694 - 698 Parent company December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 16 - 104 - Pré-dolar swap 73 3 74 102 - 1,144 - 893 61 Total116 1,471 199 1,268 Others-1,144-893 116 327 199 375 IPCA swap2732421273 Foreign exchange and interest rate risk CurrentNon-current CurrentNon-current Assets Total1,821 1,335 344 2,269 Others (note 34)-694-698 145 8 - - Nickel318--1,676 633 344 1,571 Eurobonds swap19-13-CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap1,4813803141,356 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Consolidated Total149 1,520 351 1,497 Others (note 34)31,176-1,021 11 - 123 10 Nickel8-7310 135 344 228 466 Eurobonds swap-17-89 CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap35-125-Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Parent company December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 1,447 341 295 1,283 Pré-dolar swap 40 72 16 81 - 689 - 690 b) Effects of derivatives on the income statement, cash flow and other comprehensive income Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Foreign exchange and interest rate risk IPCA swap (105) 132 257 (46) 106 - 144 (152) - - Euro forward (1,054) 997 3,168 (839) 645 (99) 97 (158) - - Nickel (83) (161) 753 - - Others 131 624 261 250 640 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting - - (10) - - Financial settlement inflows (outflows) Year ended December 31 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (478) (572) (1,689) (415) (505) Eurobonds swap (14) (121) (524) - - (447) (764) (2,652) (381) (577) Nickel 23 11 (113) - - 210 1 (2,942) - - Others (13) - - - - Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting - - (10) - - 62 Total(250) (763) (5,604) (381) (577) Foreign exchange--(10)--Bunker oil187(10)(2,829)--Commodities price risk Pré-dolar swap34(6)(361)34(7) IPCA swap11(65)(78)-(65) Foreign exchange and interest rate risk 20182017201620182017 ConsolidatedParent company Total(1,006) 1,460 4,172 (589) 1,285 Foreign exchange--(10)--Bunker oil16(258)911--Commodities price risk Pré-dolar swap(82)116241(82)116 Eurobonds swap(117)122(75)--CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap(750)4832,897(711)423 Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting Year ended December 31 Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement Total1,506 1,245 311 2,113 Others-689-690 1,506 556 311 1,423 IPCA swap19143-59 Foreign exchange and interest rate risk CurrentNon-current CurrentNon-current Liabilities

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Consolidated Parent company 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 Foreign exchange - - 10 - - The maturity dates of the derivative financial instruments are as follows: Currencies and interest rates December 2027 Nickel December 2020 c) Hedge in foreign operations As at December 31, 2018 the carrying value of the debts designated as instrument hedge of the Company’s investment in foreign operations (Vale International S.A. and Vale International Holding GmbH; hedging objects) are R$9,559 (US$2,467 million) and R$3,329 (EUR750 million), respectively. The foreign exchange losses of R$2,966 (R$1,958, net of taxes) and R$469 (R$310, net of taxes), were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, in the “Cumulative translation adjustments” in stockholders’ equity. This hedge was highly effective throughout the year ended December 31, 2018. Accounting policy The Company uses financial instruments to hedge its exposure to certain market risks arising from operational, financing and investing activities. Derivatives are included within financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit or loss unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. At the beginning of the hedge operations, the Company documents the type of hedge, the relation between the hedging instrument and hedged items, its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge operations. The Company also documents, both at hedge inception and on an ongoing basis that the hedge is expected to continue to be highly effective. The Company adopts the hedge accounting procedure and designates certain derivatives as shows below: Cash flow hedge - The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in equity within "Unrealized fair value gain (losses)". The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized in profit or loss when the transaction is recognized in the income statement. Net investment hedge - Hedges of net investments in foreign operations are accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges. Any gain or loss on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of the hedge is recognized in equity within "Cumulative translation adjustments". The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement. Gains and losses accumulated in equity are included in the statement of income when the foreign operation is partially or fully disposed of or sold. Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss - Certain derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in the fair value of any of these derivative instruments are recognized immediately in the income statement. 63 OthersDecember 2027 Bunker oilJune 2019 Last maturity dates Total-- 10 - - Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting Year ended December 31 Gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 26. Provisions Consolidated December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Onerous contracts 235 337 2,486 1,203 Asset retirement obligations (note 27) 331 289 11,738 10,191 Employee postretirement obligations (note 29) 276 244 7,225 6,714 Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Payroll, related charges and other remunerations 2,808 2,541 - - Asset retirement obligations (note 27) 158 210 3,217 1,793 Employee postretirement obligations (note 29) 88 73 1,544 782 (i) In 2018, the Company recognized an obligation in the amount of R$886 in the Consolidated and R$600 in the Parent Company related to certain environmental obligation that became effective from the current year due to changes in the regulation in place. 27. Asset retirement obligations Provision is made for expected costs for the closure of the mines and deactivation of the related mining assets. Changes in the provision for asset retirement obligations and long-term interest rates (per annum, used to discount these obligations to present value and to update the provisions) are as follows: Consolidated Parent company Balance at beginning of the year 10,480 8,209 2,003 1,642 Settlements (949) (195) (52) (32) Translation adjustment 795 480 - - Transfer to net assets held for sale - (273) - - Non-current 11,738 10,191 3,217 1,793 Long-term interest rates (per annum) Canada 0.77% 0.57% Accounting policy When the provision is recognized, the corresponding cost is capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment and it is depreciated over the useful life of the related mining asset, resulting in an expense recognized in the income statement. The long-term liability is discounted at presented value using a long-term risk free discount rate applicable to the liability and the unwinds are recorded in the income statement and is reduced by payments for mine closure and decommissioning of mining assets. The accrued amounts of these obligations are not deducted from the potential costs covered by insurance or indemnities. 64 Other regions1.33% - 8.59%0.72% - 6.13% Brazil4.94%5.34%4.94%5.34% 12,069 10,480 3,375 2,003 Current331289158210 Balance at end of the year12,069 10,480 3,375 2,003 Effect of discontinued operations Revisions on cash flows estimates1,6902,0391,399267 Present value valuation53 220 25 126 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Provisions3,331 2,904 9,758 6,900 Provisions for litigation (note 28)--4,4834,219 Environmental obligations (i)27780514106 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018December 31, 2017 Parent company Provisions5,278 4,610 27,491 23,243 Provisions for litigation (note 28)--5,2584,873 Environmental obligations (i)38299784262 Payroll, related charges and other remunerations4,054 3,641 - - Current liabilitiesNon-current liabilities

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated Critical accounting estimates and judgments Judgment is required to determine key assumptions used on the asset retirement obligation measurement such as, interest rate, cost of closure, useful life of the mining asset considering the current conditions of closure and the projected date of depletion of each mine. Any changes in these assumptions may significantly impact the recorded provision. Therefore, the estimated costs for closure of the mining assets are deemed to be a critical accounting estimate. These estimates are annually reviewed. 28. Litigation a) Provision for litigation Vale is party to labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits, at administrative and court levels. Provisions for losses resulting from lawsuits are estimated and updated by the Company, based on analysis from the Company’s legal consultants. Changes in provision for litigation are as follows: Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision Additions and reversals, net 69 52 406 13 540 Indexation and interest 41 116 112 (2) 267 Merger of Valepar (note 30) (i) 2,013 - - - 2,013 Additions and reversals, net 63 248 383 (13) 681 Additions - discontinued operations 56 3 59 1 119 Translation adjustment 14 (13) - - 1 Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision Additions and reversals, net 71 (22) 368 6 423 Indexation and interest 58 110 104 (3) 269 Balance at December 31, 2017 2,117 308 1,770 24 4,219 Payments (8) (32) (355) - (395) Additions of disposals of subsidiaries 56 3 59 1 119 (i) refers to litigations of PIS/COFINS of interest on capital. i. Provisions for labor litigation - Consist of lawsuits filed by employees and service suppliers, related to employment relationships mainly in Brazil. The relevant claims are related to payment for overtime work, commuting time, and health and safety conditions. Also the Brazilian national social security institute (“INSS”) contingencies are related to legal and administrative disputes between INSS and Vale due to applicability of compulsory social security charges. 65 Balance at December 31, 20182,240 467 1,767 9 4,483 Indexation and interest7427(22)(3)76 Additions and reversals, net1 161 315 (13) 464 Merger of Valepar (note 30) (i)2,013---2,013 Payments(78)(27)(323)(2)(430) Balance at December 31, 201653 247 1,621 23 1,944 Parent company Balance at December 31, 2018 2,680 644 1,921 13 5,258 Indexation and interest 81 61 (12) (3) 127 Payments (17) (87) (433) (6) (543) Balance at December 31, 2017 2,483 432 1,924 34 4,873 Translation adjustment 37 - - - 37 Payments (372) (8) (336) (2) (718) Balance at December 31, 2016 695 272 1,742 25 2,734 Consolidated

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated b) Contingent liabilities Contingent liabilities are administrative and judicial claims, with expectation of loss classified as possible, and for which the recognition of a provision is not considered necessary by the Company, based on legal advice. The contingent liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Civil litigation 7,583 5,371 5,371 3,957 Environmental litigation 4,070 7,242 3,897 7,058 i - Tax litigation - Our most significant tax-related contingent liabilities result from disputes related to (i) the deductibility of our payments of social security contributions on the net income (“CSLL”) from our taxable income, (ii) challenges of certain tax credits we deducted from our PIS and COFINS payments, (iii) assessments of CFEM (“royalties”), and (iv) charges of value-added tax on services and circulation of goods (“ICMS”), especially relating to certain tax credits we claimed from the sale and transmission of energy, ICMS charges to anticipate the payment in the entrance of goods to Pará State and ICMS/penalty charges on our own transportation. The changes reported in the period resulted, mainly, from the exclusion of the tax cases related to IPI, PIS and COFINS (isolated fine), IRPJ and ICMS (PRCT) and due to the new proceedings related to IRPJ, CSLL, ICMS, ISS and IPTU and the application interest and inflation adjustments to the disputed amounts. ii - Civil litigation - Most of those claims have been filed by suppliers for indemnification under construction contracts, primarily relating to certain alleged damages, payments and contractual penalties. A number of other claims are related to contractual disputes regarding inflation index. The changes reported in the period resulted, mainly from reviewing the process related to commercial divergences of supply contracts. iii - Labor litigation - Represents individual claims by employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, commuting time or health and safety conditions; and the Brazilian national social security institute (“INSS”) regarding contributions on compensation programs based on profits. iv - Environmental litigation - The most significant claims concern alleged procedural deficiencies in licensing processes, non-compliance with existing environmental licenses or damage to the environment. c) Judicial deposits In addition to the provisions and contingent liabilities, the Company is required by law to make judicial deposits to secure a potential adverse outcome of certain lawsuits. These court-ordered deposits are monetarily adjusted and reported as non-current assets until a judicial decision to draw the deposit occurs. December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Civil litigation 231 199 117 48 Environmental litigation 125 42 125 42 Beside the deposits already made, the Company has bank guarantees for judicial deposits in the amount of R$5.6 billion. The annual cost of these guarantees is 1.5% and it is recognized as "financial expenses". d) Contingencies related to Samarco accident Given the status of the contingencies related to Samarco accident, it is not possible to provide a range of possible outcomes or a reliable estimate of potential losses for Vale S.A. Consequently, no contingent liability has been quantified and no provision was recognized. 66 Total6,649 6,571 6,273 6,110 Labor litigation2,1502,3591,9912,156 Tax litigation4,143 3,971 4,040 3,864 ConsolidatedParent company Total50,851 48,312 45,474 43,643 Labor litigation5,7176,4555,3986,118 Tax litigation33,481 29,244 30,808 26,510 ConsolidatedParent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated (i) Public civil claim filed by the Federal Government and others and Public civil claim filed by Federal Prosecution Office (“MPF”) In 2016, the federal government, the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais and other governmental authorities have initiated a public civil lawsuit against Samarco and its shareholders, with an estimated value indicated by the plaintiffs of R$20.2 billion. In the same year, MPF filed a public civil action against Samarco and its shareholders and presented several claims, including: (i) the adoption of measures for mitigating the social, economic and environmental impacts resulting from the dam failure and other emergency measures; (ii) the payment of compensation to the community; and (iii) payments for the collective moral damage. The action value indicated by MPF is R$155 billion. In 2018, the parties entered into an agreement (“Term of Adjustment of Conduct”), which was determined, in summary, (i) the complete extinction of the public civil claim of R$20.2 billion filed by the Federal Government and others; and (ii) the partial extinction of the public civil claim of R$155 billion filed by MPF. In relation to the public civil claim of R$155 billion, the parties continue to negotiate for the termination of some of their requests, as well as other lawsuits whose objects have already been included in the Term of Adjustment of Conduct. (ii) United States class action lawsuits Samarco and its shareholders were named as defendants in securities class action lawsuits in the Federal Court in New York, related to disclosures of risks of the operations of Samarco and others. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these actions. (iii) Criminal lawsuit In 2016, the MPF brought a criminal lawsuit against Samarco and its shareholders, VogBr Recursos Hídricos e Geotecnia Ltda. and 22 individuals for the consequences related to Fundão dam failure. All prosecution witnesses residing in Brazil have been heard. Currently, the criminal lawsuit awaits for a position from Judiciary and all hearings related to this action are suspended. e) Contingent assets In 2015, the Company filed an enforceable action in the amount of R$524 referring to the final court decision in favor of the Company of the accrued interest of compulsory deposits from 1987 to 1993. Currently it is not possible to estimate the economic benefit inflow as there is a pending judicial decision. Consequently, the asset was not recognized in the financial statements. In March 2017, the Federal Supreme Court (STF) decided that the ICMS shall not be included in PIS and COFINS tax basis. The related decision is not final because is still pending the judgment of an appeal from the Federal Government. Vale has been discussing this issue in two judicial proceedings, which are covered by taxable events occurred since December 2001. In one of them, Vale reached a favorable final judicial decision on March 18, 2019. In the other case, the Company is awaiting the application of the STF decision by Federal Regional Court of the 2nd Region. The asset was not recognized in the financial statements and the effects of the favorable final judicial decision on March 18, 2019 will be evaluated by the Company. Accounting policy A provision is recognized when it is considered probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and can be reliably estimated. The liability is accounted against an expense in the income statement. This obligation is updated based on the developments of the judicial process or interest accretion and can be reversed if the expectation of loss is not considered probable due to changes in circumstances or when the obligation is settled. Critical accounting estimates and judgments By nature, litigations will be resolved when one or more future event occurs or fails to occur. Typically, the occurrence or not of such events is outside of the Company’s control. Legal uncertainties involve the application of significant estimates and judgments by management regarding the potential outcomes of future events. 67

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated 29. Employee benefits a) Employee postretirements obligations In Brazil, the management of the pension plans is the responsibility of Fundação Vale do Rio Doce de Seguridade Social (“Valia”) a nonprofit entity with administrative and financial autonomy. The Brazilian plans are as follows: Benefit plan Vale Mais (“Vale Mais”) and benefit plan Valiaprev (“Valiaprev”) - Certain Company’s employees are participants of Vale Mais and Valiaprev plans with components of defined benefits (specific coverage for death, pensions and disability allowances) and components of defined contributions (for programmable benefits). The defined benefit plan is subject to actuarial evaluations. The defined contribution plan represents a fixed amount held on behalf of the participants. Both Vale Mais and Valiaprev were overfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. Defined benefit plan (“Plano BD”) - The Plano BD has been closed to new entrants since the year 2000, when the Vale Mais plan was implemented. It is a plan that has defined benefit characteristics, covering almost exclusively retirees and their beneficiaries. It was overfunded as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 and the contributions made by the Company are not relevant. Complementary Allowance (“Abono complementação”) benefit plan - The Company sponsors a specific group of former employees entitled to receive additional benefits from Valia regular payments plus post-retirement benefits that covers medical, dental and pharmaceutical assistance. The contributions made by the Company finished in 2014. The complementary allowance benefit was overfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. Other benefits - The Company sponsors medical plans for employees that meet specific criteria and for employees who use the complementary allowance benefit. Although those benefits are not specific retirement plans, actuarial calculations are used to calculate future commitments. As those benefits are related to health care plans they have the nature of underfunded benefits, and are presented as underfunded plans as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Foreign plans are managed in accordance with their region. They are divided between plans in Canada, United States of America, United Kingdom, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Japan and Taiwan. Pension plans in Canada are composed of a defined benefit and defined contribution component. Currently the defined benefit plans do not allow new entrants. The foreign defined benefit plans are underfunded as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. Employers’ disclosure about pensions and other post-retirement benefits on the status of the defined benefit elements of all plans is provided as follows. i. Change in benefit obligation Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Other benefits Service costs 23 275 95 23 - 27 Benefits paid (1,039) (881) (207) (1,039) - (74) Effect of changes in the actuarial assumptions 208 560 40 208 - 84 Benefit obligation as at December 31, 2017 11,239 14,789 4,661 11,239 - 855 Service costs 19 379 139 19 1 51 Benefits paid (1,095) (1,026) (226) (1,095) (107) (69) Effect of changes in the actuarial assumptions 2,640 (619) (117) 2,640 (53) 47 Others - - - - - (2) 68 Benefit obligation as at December 31, 201813,861 15,226 4,956 13,861 1,296 963 Translation adjustment-1,150279---Participant contributions6(43)-61-Interest costs1,0525962201,05212681 Acquisition-- - 1,328 - Translation adjustment-1,104294---Participant contributions2(39)-2--Interest costs1,1495872151,149-78 Benefit obligation as at December 31, 201610,896 13,183 4,224 10,896 - 740 ConsolidatedParent company

Notes to the Financial Statements Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated ii. Evolution of assets fair value Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Ot