10-K
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

x     ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended March 26, 2016

¨     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from                  to                 

 

 

Commission File Number 0-17795

CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

DELAWARE   77-0024818
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

800 W. 6th Street, Austin, TX 78701

(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (512) 851-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    YES  þ        NO  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    YES  ¨        NO  þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  þ        NO  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    YES  þ        NO  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  þ   Accelerated filer  ¨   Non-accelerated filer  ¨   Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    YES  ¨        NO  þ

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was $1,538,106,366 based upon the closing price reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market as of September 26, 2015. Stock held by directors, officers and stockholders owning 5 percent or more of the outstanding common stock were excluded as they may be deemed affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not a conclusive determination for any other purpose.

As of May 20, 2016, the number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 62,229,406.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain information contained in the registrant’s proxy statement for its annual meeting of stockholders to be held July 26, 2016 is incorporated by reference in Part II – Item 5. and Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


Table of Contents

CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

FORM 10-K

For The Fiscal Year Ended March 26, 2016

INDEX

 

PART I

  

Item 1.

  Business      3   

Item 1A.

  Risk Factors      7   

Item 1B.

  Unresolved Staff Comments      22   

Item 2.

  Properties      22   

Item 3.

  Legal Proceedings      23   

Item 4.

  Mine Safety Disclosures      23   

PART II

  

Item 5.

 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

     23   

Item 6.

  Selected Financial Data      26   

Item 7.

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      26   

Item 7A.

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk      36   

Item 8.

  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data      38   

Item 9.

  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure      76   

Item 9A.

  Controls and Procedures      76   

PART III

  

Item 10.

  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance      76   

Item 11.

  Executive Compensation      77   

Item 12.

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

     77   

Item 13.

  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence      77   

Item 14.

  Principal Accounting Fees and Services      77   

PART IV

  

Item 15.

  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules      77   
  Signatures      80   

 

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PART I

ITEM 1.  Business

Cirrus Logic, Inc. (“Cirrus Logic,” “We,” “Us,” “Our,” or the “Company”) is a leader in high performance, low-power integrated circuits (“ICs”) for audio and voice signal processing applications. Cirrus Logic’s products span the entire audio signal chain, from capture to playback, providing innovative products for the world’s top smartphones, tablets, digital headsets, wearables and emerging smart home applications.

We were incorporated in California in 1984, became a public company in 1989 and were reincorporated in the State of Delaware in February 1999. Our primary facility housing engineering, sales and marketing, and administrative functions is located in Austin, Texas. We also have offices in various other locations in the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, Australia, and Asia, including the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. Our common stock, which has been publicly traded since 1989, is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

We maintain a website with the address www.cirrus.com. We are not including the information contained on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available free of charge through our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We also routinely post other important information on our website, including information specifically addressed to investors. We intend for the investor relations section of our website to be a recognized channel of distribution for disseminating information to the securities marketplace in general. To receive a free copy of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, please forward your written request to Cirrus Logic, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations, 800 W. 6th Street, Austin, Texas 78701, or via email at Investor.Relations@cirrus.com. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements filed electronically with the SEC by Cirrus Logic.

Company Strategy

Cirrus Logic targets growing markets where we can leverage our expertise in analog and digital signal processing to solve complex problems. Our approach has been to develop custom and general market components that embody our latest innovations, which we use to engage key players in a particular market or application. We focus on building strong engineering relationships with our customers’ product teams and work to develop highly differentiated components that address their technical and price requirements across product tiers. Our products are comprised of our best-in-class hardware and software algorithms and a combination of our own intellectual property (“IP”), algorithms that have been ported to our platform by an ecosystem of third-party partners, and our customers’ IP. When we have been successful with this approach, one initial design win has often expanded into additional products. This strategy gives us the opportunity to increase our content with a customer over time through the incorporation of new features, the integration of other system components into our products and the addition of new components.

Markets and Products

The following provides a detailed discussion regarding our portable audio and non-portable audio and other product lines:

Portable Audio Products:  High-precision analog and mixed-signal components designed for mobile devices including smartphones, tablets, digital headsets, wearables, smart accessories and portable media players.

Non-Portable Audio and Other Products:  High-precision analog and mixed-signal components targeting the consumer market, including emerging smart home applications, and the automotive, energy and industrial markets.

 

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PORTABLE AUDIO PRODUCTS

We are a leading provider of analog and mixed-signal audio converter and digital signal processing products in many of today’s mobile applications. As a leading IC supplier with the complete end-to-end solution from capture to playback, we have an extensive portfolio of products that target flagship and mid-tier devices, including “codecs” - chips that integrate analog-to-digital converters (“ADCs”) and digital-to-analog converters (“DACs”) into a single IC, “smart codecs” – codecs with digital signal processing integrated, amplifiers, micro-electromechanical systems (“MEMS”) microphones, as well as standalone digital signal processors (“DSPs”). Additionally, the Company’s SoundClear® technology consists of a broad portfolio of tools, software and algorithms that help to differentiate our customers’ products by improving the user experience with features such as enhanced voice quality, voice capture and audio playback. Our products are designed for use in a wide array of mobile applications, including smartphones, tablets, portable media players, wearables and smart accessories such as digital headsets and headphones.

NON-PORTABLE AUDIO AND OTHER PRODUCTS

We provide high-precision analog and mixed-signal ICs for a variety of products in consumer applications, including the emerging smart home market, automotive, industrial and energy. The Company supplies a wide range of products including ICs, codecs, ADCs, DACs, digital interface and amplifiers. Within the consumer market our products are utilized in laptops, audio/video receivers (“AVRs”), home theater systems, set-up boxes, portable speakers, digital camcorders, musical instruments and professional audio products. Applications for products in the automotive market include satellite radio systems, telematics and multi-speaker car-audio systems. Our products are also used in a wide array of high-precision industrial and energy-related applications including digital utility meters, power supplies, energy control, energy measurement, and energy exploration applications.

Customers, Marketing, and Sales

We offer products worldwide through both direct and indirect sales channels. Our major customers are among the world’s leading electronics manufacturers. We target both large existing and emerging customers that derive value from our expertise in advanced analog and mixed-signal design processing, systems-level integrated circuit engineering and embedded software development. We derive our revenues from both domestic and international sales, including sales in Asia, Australia and Europe. Our domestic sales force includes a network of direct sales offices located in California and Texas. International sales offices and staff are located in Hong Kong, Japan, Shanghai and Shenzhen in the People’s Republic of China, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom. We supplement our direct sales force with external sales representatives and distributors. We have technical support centers in China, South Korea, Taiwan and the United States. Our worldwide sales force provides geographically specific support to our customers and specialized selling of product lines with unique customer bases. See Note 17 — Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further detail and for additional disclosure regarding sales and property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic locations.

Since the components we produce are largely proprietary and generally not available from second sources, we generally consider our end customer to be the entity specifying the use of our component in their design. These end customers may then purchase our products directly from us, through distributors or third party manufacturers contracted to produce their designs. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, our ten largest end customers, represented approximately 89 percent, 87 percent, and 88 percent, of our sales, respectively. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, we had one end customer, Apple, Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 66 percent, 72 percent, and 80 percent, of the Company’s total sales, respectively. Samsung Electronics represented approximately 15 percent of the Company’s total sales for fiscal year 2016. No other customer or distributor represented more than 10 percent of net sales in fiscal years 2016, 2015, or 2014.

 

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Manufacturing

As a fabless semiconductor company, we contract with third parties for wafer fabrication and product assembly and test. We use a variety of foundries in the production of wafers including Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited, MagnaChip Semiconductor Corporation and GLOBALFOUNDRIES. The Company’s primary assembly and test houses include Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc., Amkor Technology Inc., Nepes Corporation, Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd. and STATS ChipPAC Pte. Ltd. Our outsourced manufacturing strategy allows us to concentrate on our design strengths and minimize fixed costs and capital expenditures while giving us access to advanced manufacturing facilities. It also provides the flexibility to source multiple leading-edge technologies through strategic relationships. After wafer fabrication by the foundry, third-party assembly vendors package the wafer die. The finished products are then tested before shipment to our customers. While we do have some redundancy of fabrication processes by using multiple outside foundries, any interruption of supply by one or more of these foundries could materially impact the Company. As a result, we maintain some amount of business interruption insurance to help reduce the risk of wafer supply interruption, but we are not fully insured against such risk. Our supply chain management organization is responsible for the management of all aspects of the manufacturing, assembly, and testing of our products, including process and package development, test program development, and production testing of products in accordance with our ISO-certified quality management system.

Although our products are made from basic materials (principally silicon, metals and plastics), all of which are available from a number of suppliers, capacity at wafer foundries sometimes becomes constrained. The limited availability of certain materials may impact our suppliers’ ability to meet our demand needs or impact the price we are charged. The prices of certain other basic materials, such as metals, gases and chemicals used in the production of circuits can increase as demand grows for these basic commodities. In most cases, we do not procure these materials ourselves; nevertheless, we are reliant on such materials for producing our products because our outside foundry and package and test subcontractors must procure them. To help mitigate risks associated with constrained capacity, we use multiple foundries, assembly and test sources.

Patents, Licenses and Trademarks

We rely on patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws to protect our intellectual property, products, and technology. As of March 26, 2016, we held approximately 2,240 pending and issued patents worldwide, which include approximately 1,020 granted U.S. patents, 230 U.S. pending patent applications and various international patents and applications. Our U.S. patents expire in calendar years 2016 through 2033. While our patents are an important element of our success, our business as a whole is not dependent on any one patent or group of patents. We do not anticipate any material effect on our business due to any patents expiring in 2016, and we continue to obtain new patents through our ongoing research and development.

We have maintained U.S. federal trademark registrations for CIRRUS LOGIC, CIRRUS, Cirrus Logic logo designs, WOLFSON, CRYSTAL, and SoundClear, among others. These U.S. registrations may be renewed as long as the marks continue to be used in interstate commerce. We have also filed or obtained foreign registration for these marks in other countries or jurisdictions where we conduct, or anticipate conducting, international business. To complement our own research and development efforts, we have also licensed and expect to continue to license, a variety of intellectual property and technologies important to our business from third parties.

Segments

We determine our operating segments in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidelines. Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) has been identified as the chief operating decision maker as defined by these guidelines.

The Company operates and tracks its results in one reportable segment, but reports revenue performance in two product lines: Portable Audio and Non-Portable Audio and Other. Our CEO receives and uses enterprise-wide financial information to assess financial performance and allocate resources, rather than detailed information at a product line level. Additionally, our product lines have similar characteristics and customers.

 

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They share operations support functions such as sales, public relations, supply chain management, various research and development and engineering support, in addition to the general and administrative functions of human resources, legal, finance and information technology. Therefore, there is no discrete financial information maintained for these product lines. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, Portable Audio product sales were $989.1 million, $740.3 million, and $562.7 million, respectively. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, Non-Portable Audio and Other product sales were $180.2 million, $176.3 million, and $151.6 million, respectively.

See Note 17 — Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further details including sales and property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic locations.

Research and Development

We concentrate our research and development efforts on the design and development of new products for each of our principal markets. We also fund certain advanced-process technology development, as well as other emerging product opportunities. Expenditures for research and development in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014 were $269.2 million, $197.9 million, and $126.2 million, respectively. Our future success is highly dependent upon our ability to develop complex new products, transfer new products to volume production, introduce them into the marketplace in a timely fashion, and have them selected for design into products of systems manufacturers. Our future success may also depend on assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products, including providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp.

Competition

Markets for our products are highly competitive and we expect that competition will continue to increase. Our ability to compete effectively and to expand our business will depend on our ability to continue to recruit key engineering talent, execute on new product developments, partner with customers to include these new products into their applications, and provide cost efficient versions of existing products. We compete with other semiconductor suppliers that offer standard semiconductors, application-specific standard products and fully customized ICs, including embedded software, chip and board-level products.

While no single company competes with us in all of our product lines, we face significant competition in all markets where our products are available. Within Portable Audio, Cirrus Logic is the leading IC supplier with the complete end-to-end solution from capture to playback including amplifiers, codecs, DSP and MEMS microphones. We expect to face additional competition from new entrants in our markets, which may include both large domestic and international IC manufacturers and smaller, emerging companies. Our primary competitors include, but are not limited to AAC Technologies, AKM Semiconductor Inc., Analog Devices Inc., Austriamicrosystems AG, DSP Group, ESS Technology, Inc., GoerTek Inc., InvenSense, Inc., Knowles Corporation, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., NXP Semiconductors N.V., Qualcomm Incorporated, Realtek Semiconductor Corporation, ST Microelectronics N.V., and Texas Instruments, Inc.

The principal competitive factors in our markets include: time to market; quality of hardware/software design and end-market systems expertise; price; product performance, features, quality and compatibility with standards; access to advanced process and packaging technologies at competitive prices; and sales and technical support, which includes assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products and providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp.

Product life cycles may vary greatly by product category. For example, many portable audio devices have shorter design-in cycles; therefore, our competitors have increasingly frequent opportunities to achieve design wins in next-generation systems. Conversely, this also provides us frequent opportunities to displace competitors in products that have previously not utilized our design. The non-portable audio and other markets typically have longer life cycles, which provide continued revenue streams over longer periods of time.

Backlog

Sales are made primarily pursuant to short-term purchase orders for delivery of products. The quantity actually ordered by the customer, as well as the shipment schedules, are frequently revised, without significant

 

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penalty, to reflect changes in the customer’s needs. The majority of our backlog is typically requested for delivery within six months. In markets where the end system life cycles are relatively short, customers typically request delivery in six to twelve weeks. We believe a backlog analysis at any given time gives little indication of our future business except on a short-term basis, principally within the next 60 days.

We utilize backlog as an indicator to assist us in production planning. However, backlog is influenced by several factors including market demand, pricing, and customer order patterns in reaction to product lead times. Quantities actually purchased by customers, as well as prices, are subject to variations between booking and delivery because of changes in customer needs or industry conditions. As a result, we believe that our backlog at any given time is an incomplete indicator of future sales.

Employees

As of March 26, 2016, we had 1,291 full-time employees, an increase of 187 employees, or 17 percent, from the end of fiscal year 2015. The increase was primarily due to expanding our bandwidth in the area of research and development. Of our full-time employees, 68 percent were engaged in research and product development activities, 25 percent in sales, marketing, general and administrative activities, and 7 percent in manufacturing-related activities. Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical, marketing, engineering, and administrative personnel.

We have never had a work stoppage and the majority of our employees are not represented by collective bargaining agreements. We consider our employee relations to be good.

Forward—Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “target,” “project,” “believe,” “goals,” “estimates,” and “intend.” Variations of these types of words and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Any statements that refer to our plans, expectations, strategies or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by our forward-looking statements are those discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors and elsewhere in this report, as well as in the documents filed by us with the SEC, specifically the most recent reports on Form 10-Q and 8-K, each as it may be amended from time to time.

We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and we undertake no obligation to update this information to reflect events or circumstances after the filing of this report with the SEC, except as required by law. All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and attributable to Cirrus Logic are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we may make or persons acting on our behalf may issue. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statement for any reason.

ITEM 1A.  Risk Factors

Our business faces significant risks. The risk factors set forth below may not be the only risks that we face and there is a risk that we may have failed to identify all possible risk factors. Additional risks that we are not aware of yet or that currently are not significant may adversely affect our business operations. You should read the following cautionary statements in conjunction with the factors discussed elsewhere in this and other Cirrus

 

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Logic filings with the SEC. These cautionary statements are intended to highlight certain factors that may affect the financial condition and results of operations of Cirrus Logic and are not meant to be an exhaustive discussion of risks that apply to companies such as ours.

We depend on a limited number of customers and distributors for a substantial portion of our sales, and the loss of, or a significant reduction in orders from, or pricing on products sold to, any key customer or distributor could significantly reduce our sales and our profitability.

While we generate sales from a broad base of customers worldwide, the loss of any of our key customers, or a significant reduction in sales or selling prices to any key customer, or reductions in selling prices made to retain key customer relationships, would significantly reduce our revenue, margins and earnings and adversely affect our business. For the twelve-month periods ending March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, our ten largest end customers represented approximately 89 percent and 87 percent of our sales, respectively. For the twelve-month periods ending March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, we had one end customer, Apple Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 66 percent and 72 percent of the Company’s total sales, respectively. Samsung Electronics represented approximately 15 percent of the Company’s total sales for fiscal year 2016.

We may not be able to maintain or increase sales to certain of our key customers for a variety of reasons, including the following:

 

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most of our customers can stop incorporating our products into their own products with limited notice to us and suffer little or no penalty;

 

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our agreements with our customers typically do not require them to purchase a minimum quantity of our products;

 

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many of our customers have pre-existing or concurrent relationships with our current or potential competitors that may affect the customers’ decisions to purchase our products;

 

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many of our customers have sufficient resources to internally develop technology solutions and semiconductor components that could replace the products that we currently supply in our customers’ end products;

 

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our customers face intense competition from other manufacturers that do not use our products; and

 

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our customers regularly evaluate alternative sources of supply in order to diversify their supplier base, which increases their negotiating leverage with us and their ability to either obtain or dual source components from other suppliers.

In addition, our dependence on a limited number of key customers may make it easier for them to pressure us on price reductions. We have experienced pricing pressure from certain key customers and we expect that the average selling prices for certain of our products will decline from time to time, potentially reducing our revenue, our margins and our earnings.

Our key customer relationships often require us to develop new products that may involve significant technological challenges. Our customers frequently place considerable pressure on us to meet their tight development schedules. In addition, we may from time to time enter into customer agreements providing for exclusivity periods during which we may only sell specified products or technology to that customer. Accordingly, we may have to devote a substantial amount of resources to strategic relationships, which could detract from or delay our completion of other important development projects or the development of next generation products and technologies.

We frequently develop our products for the specific system architecture of our customers’ end products. If our customers were to change system architectures or incorporate some of the features of our products into other parts of the system, we risk the potential loss of revenue and reduced average selling prices.

Our customers, particularly in the portable audio market, could potentially transition to different audio architectures, develop their own competing technologies and integrated circuits, or integrate the functionality that

 

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our integrated circuits and software have historically provided into other components in their audio systems. If our customers were to transition to these different system architectures, our results of operations could be adversely affected by the elimination of the need for our current technology and products, resulting in reduced average selling prices for our components and loss of revenue.

Our lack of diversification in our revenue and customer base increases the risk of an investment in our company, and our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, and stock price may deteriorate if we fail to diversify.

Although we continue to invest in and investigate opportunities to diversify our revenue and customer base, our sales, marketing, and development efforts have historically been focused on a limited number of customers and opportunities. Larger companies have the ability to manage their risk by product, market, and customer diversification. However, we lack diversification, in terms of both the nature and scope of our business, which increases the risk of an investment in our company. If we cannot diversify our customer and revenue opportunities, our financial condition and results of operations could deteriorate.

We have entered into joint development agreements, custom product arrangements, and strategic relationships with some of our largest customers. These arrangements subject us to a number of risks, and any failure to execute on any of these arrangements could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We have entered into joint development, product collaboration and technology licensing arrangements with some of our largest customers, and we expect to enter into new strategic arrangements of these kinds from time to time in the future. Such arrangements can magnify several risks for us, including loss of control over the development and development timeline of jointly developed products, risks associated with the ownership of the intellectual property that is developed pursuant to such arrangements, and increased risk that our joint development activities may result in products that are not commercially successful or that are not available in a timely fashion. In addition, any third party with whom we enter into a joint development, product collaboration or technology licensing arrangement may fail to commit sufficient resources to the project, change its policies or priorities or abandon or fail to perform its obligations related to such arrangement. In addition, we may from time to time enter into customer product arrangements that provide for exclusivity periods during which we may only sell specified products or technologies to that particular customer. Any failure to timely develop commercially successful products through our joint development activities as a result of any of these and other challenges could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our failure to develop and ramp new products into production in a timely manner could harm our operating results.

Our success depends upon our ability to develop new products for new and existing customers, and to introduce these products in a timely and cost-effective manner. New product introductions involve significant investment of resources and potential risks. Delays in new product introductions or less-than-anticipated market acceptance of our new products are possible and would have an adverse effect on our sales and earnings. The development of new products is highly complex and, from time-to-time, we have experienced delays in developing and introducing these new products. Successful product development and introduction depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to:

 

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proper new product definition;

 

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timely completion of design and testing of new products;

 

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assisting our customers with integration of our components into their new products, including providing support from the concept stage through design, launch and production ramp;

 

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successfully developing and implementing the software necessary to integrate our products into our customers’ products;

 

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achievement of acceptable manufacturing yields;

 

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  ¡  

availability of wafer fabrication, assembly, and test capacity; and

 

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market acceptance of our products and the products of our customers.

Both sales and/or margins may be materially affected if new product introductions are delayed, or if our products are not designed into successive generations of new or existing customers’ products. Our failure to develop and introduce new products successfully could harm our business and operating results.

In addition, difficulties associated with adapting our technology and product design to the proprietary process technology and design rules of outside foundries can lead to reduced yields of our products. Since low yields may result from either design or process technology failures, yield problems may not be effectively determined or resolved until an actual product exists that can be analyzed and tested to identify process sensitivities relating to the design rules that are used. As a result, yield problems may not be identified until well into the production process, and resolution of yield problems may require cooperation between our manufacturer and us. This risk could be compounded by the offshore location of certain of our manufacturers, increasing the effort and time required to identify, communicate and resolve manufacturing yield problems. Manufacturing defects that we do not discover during the manufacturing or testing process may lead to costly product recalls. These risks may lead to increased costs or delayed product delivery, which would harm our profitability and customer relationships.

We are subject to risks relating to product concentration.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a limited number of products, and we expect these products to represent a large percentage of our revenues in the near term. Customer acceptance of these products is critical to our future success. Our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows could therefore be adversely affected by:

 

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a decline in demand for any of our more significant products;

 

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a decline in the average selling prices of our more significant products;

 

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failure of our products to achieve continued market acceptance;

 

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competitive products;

 

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new technological standards or changes to existing standards that we are unable to address with our products;

 

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manufacturing or supply issues that prevent us from meeting our customers’ demand for these products;

 

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a failure to release new products or enhanced versions of our existing products on a timely basis; and

 

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the failure of our new products to achieve market acceptance.

In general, our customers may cancel or reschedule orders on short notice without incurring significant penalties; therefore, our sales and operating results in any quarter are difficult to forecast.

In general, we rely on customers issuing purchase orders to buy our products rather than long-term supply contracts. Customers may cancel or reschedule orders on short notice without incurring significant penalties. Therefore, cancellations, reductions, or delays of orders from any significant customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, a significant portion of our sales and earnings in any quarter depends upon customer orders for our products that we receive and fulfill in that quarter. Because our expense levels are based in part on our expectations as to future revenue and to a large extent are fixed in the short term, we likely will be unable to adjust spending on a timely basis to compensate for any unexpected shortfall in sales or reductions in average selling prices. Accordingly, any significant shortfall of sales in relation to our expectations could hurt our operating results.

 

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Strong competition in the semiconductor market may harm our business.

The IC industry is intensely competitive and is frequently characterized by rapid technological change, price erosion, technological obsolescence, and a push towards IC component integration. Because of shortened product life cycles and even shorter design-in cycles in a number of the markets that we serve, our competitors have increasingly frequent opportunities to achieve design wins in next-generation systems. In the event that competitors succeed in supplanting our products, our market share may not be sustainable and our net sales, gross margin and operating results would be adversely affected.

We compete in a number of markets. Our principal competitors in these markets include AAC Technologies, AKM Semiconductor Inc., Analog Devices Inc., Austriamicrosystems AG, DSP Group, ESS Technology, Inc., GoerTek Inc., InvenSense, Inc., Knowles Corporation, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., NXP Semiconductors N.V., Qualcomm Incorporated, Realtek Semiconductor Corporation, ST Microelectronics N.V., and Texas Instruments, Inc. Many of these competitors have greater financial, engineering, manufacturing, marketing, technical, distribution, and other resources; broader product lines; broader intellectual property portfolios; and longer relationships with customers. We also expect intensified competition from emerging companies and from customers who develop their own IC products. In addition, some of our current and future competitors maintain their own fabrication facilities, which could benefit them in connection with cost, capacity, and technical issues.

Increased competition could adversely affect our business. We cannot provide assurances that we will be able to compete successfully in the future or that competitive pressures will not adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Competitive pressures could reduce market acceptance of our products and result in price reductions and increases in expenses that could adversely affect our business and our financial condition. In particular, we have seen increased pricing pressures in the portable audio market, which will likely impact revenues and gross margins in the future.

Our debt obligations may be a burden on our future cash flows and cash resources.

On August 29, 2014, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility. As of March 26, 2016, the Company had an outstanding balance of $160.4 million under the facility. The credit facility matures on August 29, 2017. Our ability to repay the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. Our business may not generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to satisfy our obligations or to make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying investments or capital expenditures, selling assets, or refinancing or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance the indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on the Credit Agreement.

Our Credit Agreement contains restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business.

Our Credit Agreement contains various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit our ability to, among other things:

 

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pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or make other restricted payments;

 

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incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares;

 

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make certain investments;

 

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sell certain assets;

 

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create liens;

 

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consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and

 

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enter into certain transactions with our affiliates.

 

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A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under Credit Agreement. In the event of a default under the Credit Agreement, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable. If our lenders accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we may not be able to repay our debt obligations. If we were unable to repay amounts due to the lenders under our credit facility, those lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness.

Our sales could be materially impacted by the failure of other component suppliers to deliver required parts needed in the final assembly of our customers’ end products.

The products we supply our customers are typically a portion of the many components provided from multiple suppliers in order to complete the final assembly of an end product. If one or more of these other component suppliers are unable to deliver their required component(s) in order for the final end product to be assembled, our customers may delay, or ultimately cancel, their orders from us.

We continue to invest in research and development efforts for several new markets. If we are unable to commercialize these technologies, our future results and profits could be affected.

Our investments into new markets subjects us to additional risks. We may have limited or no experience in these markets, and our customers may not adopt our new offerings. These new offerings may present new and difficult challenges, including risks related to technology, customers, competitors, product cycles, customer demand, terms and conditions and other industry specific issues which could negatively affect our operating results.

We have recently increased our investment in our MEMS microphone business. We have limited experience in this market, which leads to a number of risks, including risks related to technology, customers, competition, and other industry specific issues. We may not be successful in this market, which could result in reduced overall operating margins.

We are currently increasing our investment in our MEMS microphone business. This is a competitive market with historically lower gross margins than our existing businesses. Our investment in new markets in which we have limited or no experience increases risks related to technology, customers, competitors, and other industry specific issues. Further, there can be no assurance that we will generate the expected returns and other projected results we anticipate. For example, we may incur costs in excess of what we anticipate and the product line may generate lower gross margins than our existing businesses, which may reduce our overall operating margins.

We may acquire other companies or technologies, which may create additional risks associated with our ability to successfully integrate them into our business.

We continue to consider future acquisitions of other companies, or their technologies or products, to improve our market position, broaden our technological capabilities, and expand our product offerings. If we are able to acquire companies, products or technologies that would enhance our business, we could experience difficulties in integrating them. Integrating acquired businesses involves a number of risks, including, but not limited to:

 

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the potential disruption of our ongoing business;

 

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unexpected costs or incurring unknown liabilities;

 

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the diversion of management resources from other strategic and operational issues;

 

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the inability to retain the employees of the acquired businesses;

 

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difficulties relating to integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses;

 

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adverse effects on our existing customer relationships or the existing customer relationships of acquired businesses;

 

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the potential incompatibility of the acquired business or their business customers;

 

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  ¡  

adverse effects associated with entering into markets and acquiring technologies in areas in which we have little experience; and

 

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acquired intangible assets becoming impaired as a result of technological advancements or worse-than-expected performance of the acquired business.

If we are unable to successfully address any of these risks, our business could be harmed.

We are dependent on third-party manufacturing and supply relationships for the majority of our products. Our reliance on third-party foundries and suppliers involves certain risks that may result in increased costs, delays in meeting our customers’ demand, and loss of revenue.

We do not own or operate a semiconductor fabrication facility and do not have the resources to manufacture the majority of our products internally. We use third parties to manufacture, assemble, package and test the vast majority of our products. As a result, we are subject to risks associated with these third parties, including:

 

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insufficient capacity available to meet our demand;

 

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inadequate manufacturing yields and excessive costs;

 

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inability of these third parties to obtain an adequate supply of raw materials;

 

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difficulties selecting and integrating new subcontractors;

 

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limited warranties on products supplied to us;

 

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potential increases in prices; and

 

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increased exposure to potential misappropriation of our intellectual property.

Our outside foundries and assembly and test suppliers generally manufacture our products on a purchase order basis, and we have few long-term supply arrangements with these suppliers. Therefore, our third-party manufacturers and suppliers are not obligated to supply us with products for any specific period of time, quantity, or price, except as may be provided in any particular purchase order or in relation to an existing supply agreement. A manufacturing or supply disruption experienced by one or more of our outside suppliers or a disruption of our relationship with an outside foundry could negatively impact the production of certain of our products for a substantial period of time.

In addition, difficulties associated with adapting our technology and product design to the proprietary process technology and design rules of outside foundries can lead to reduced yields of our products. Since low yields may result from either design or process technology failures, yield problems may not be effectively determined or resolved until an actual product exists that can be analyzed and tested to identify process sensitivities relating to the design rules that are used. As a result, yield problems may not be identified until well into the production process, and resolution of yield problems may require cooperation between our manufacturer and us. This risk could be compounded by the offshore location of certain of our manufacturers, increasing the effort and time required to identify, communicate and resolve manufacturing yield problems. Manufacturing defects that we do not discover during the manufacturing or testing process may lead to costly product recalls. These risks may lead to increased costs or delayed product delivery, which would harm our profitability and customer relationships.

In some cases, our requirements may represent a small portion of the total production of the third-party suppliers. As a result, we are subject to the risk that a producer will cease production of an older or lower-volume process that it uses to produce our parts. We cannot provide any assurance that our external foundries will continue to devote resources to the production of parts for our products or continue to advance the process design technologies on which the manufacturing of our products are based. Each of these events could increase our costs, lower our gross margin, and cause us to hold more inventories, or materially impact our ability to deliver our products on time.

 

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Our products are complex and could contain defects, which could result in material costs to us.

Product development in the markets we serve is becoming more focused on the integration of multiple functions on individual devices. There is a general trend towards increasingly complex products. The greater integration of functions and complexity of operations of our products increases the risk that we or our customers or end users could discover latent defects or subtle faults after volumes of product have been shipped. Quality and reliability issues could result in material costs and other adverse consequences to us, including, but not limited to:

 

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reduced margins;

 

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damage to our reputation;

 

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a material recall and replacement costs for product warranty and support;

 

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payments to our customers related to recall claims, or the delivery of product replacements as part of a recall claim, as a result of various industry or business practices, contractual requirements, or in order to maintain good customer relationships;

 

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an adverse impact to our customer relationships by the occurrence of significant defects;

 

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a delay in recognition or loss of revenues, loss of market share, or failure to achieve market acceptance;

 

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writing off or reserving the value of inventory of such products; and

 

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a diversion of the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts.

In addition, any defects or other problems with our products could result in financial losses or other damages to our customers who could seek damages from us for their losses. A product liability or warranty claim brought against us, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time consuming and costly to defend. In particular, the sale of systems and components that are incorporated into certain applications for the automotive industry involves a high degree of risk that such claims may be made.

While we believe that we are reasonably insured against some of these risks and that we have attempted to contractually limit our financial exposure with many of our customers, a warranty or product liability claim against us in excess of our available insurance coverage and established reserves, or a requirement that we participate in a customer product recall, could have material adverse effects on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Because we depend on subcontractors internationally to perform key manufacturing functions for us, we are subject to political, economic, and natural disaster risks that could disrupt the fabrication, assembly, packaging, or testing of our products.

We depend on third-party subcontractors, primarily in Asia, for the fabrication, assembly, packaging, and testing of most of our products. International operations may be subject to a variety of risks, including political instability, global health conditions, currency controls, exchange rate fluctuations, changes in import/export regulations, tariff and freight rates, as well as the risks of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods. Although we seek to reduce our dependence on any one subcontractor, this concentration of subcontractors and manufacturing operations in Asia subjects us to the risks of conducting business internationally, including associated political and economic conditions. If we experience manufacturing problems at a particular location, or a supplier is unable to continue operating due to financial difficulties, natural disasters, or other reasons, we would be required to transfer manufacturing to a backup supplier. Converting or transferring manufacturing from a primary supplier to a backup facility could be expensive and time consuming. As a result, delays in our production or shipping by the parties to whom we outsource these functions could reduce our sales, damage our customer relationships, and damage our reputation in the marketplace, any of which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

 

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Our products may be subject to average selling prices that decline over time. If we are unable to maintain average selling prices for existing products, increase our volumes, introduce new or enhanced products with higher selling prices, or reduce our costs, our business and operating results could be harmed.

Historically in the semiconductor industry, average selling prices of products have decreased over time. Moreover, our dependence on a limited number of key customers may make it easier for key customers to pressure us to reduce the prices of the products we sell to them. If the average selling price of any of our products declines and we are unable to increase our unit volumes, introduce new or enhanced products with higher margins, and/or reduce manufacturing costs to offset anticipated decreases in the prices of our existing products, our operating results may be adversely affected. In addition, because of procurement lead times, we are limited in our ability to reduce total costs quickly in response to any reductions in prices or sales shortfalls. Because of these factors, we may experience material adverse fluctuations in our future operating results on a quarterly or annual basis.

As we carry only limited insurance coverage, uninsured or under-insured losses could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our insurance policies may not be adequate to fully offset losses from covered incidents, and we do not have coverage for certain losses. For example, there is limited coverage available with respect to the services provided by our third party foundries and assembly and test subcontractors. Although we believe that our existing insurance coverage is consistent with common practices of companies in our industry, our insurance coverage may be inadequate to protect us against product recalls, natural disasters, and other unforeseen catastrophes that could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Shifts in industry-wide capacity and our practice of ordering and purchasing our products based on sales forecasts may result in significant fluctuations in inventory and our quarterly and annual operating results.

We rely on independent foundries and assembly and test houses to manufacture our products. Our reliance on these third party suppliers involves certain risks and uncertainties. For example, shifts in industry-wide capacity from shortages to oversupply, or from oversupply to shortages, may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual operating results. In addition, we may order wafers and build inventory in advance of receiving purchase orders from our customers. Because our industry is highly cyclical and is subject to significant downturns resulting from excess capacity, overproduction, reduced demand, order cancellations, or technological obsolescence, there is a risk that we will forecast inaccurately and produce excess inventories of particular products. In addition, if we experience supply constraints or manufacturing problems at a particular supplier, we could be required to switch suppliers or qualify additional suppliers. Switching and/or qualifying additional suppliers could be an expensive process and take as long as six to twelve months to complete, which could result in material adverse fluctuations to our operating results.

We generally order our products through non-cancelable purchase orders from third-party foundries based on our sales forecasts, and our customers can generally cancel or reschedule orders they place with us without significant penalties. If we do not receive orders as anticipated by our forecasts, or our customers cancel orders that are placed, we may experience increased inventory levels.

Due to the product manufacturing cycle characteristic of IC manufacturing and the inherent imprecision in the accuracy of our customers’ forecasts, product inventories may not always correspond to product demand, leading to shortages or surpluses of certain products. As a result of such inventory imbalances, future inventory write-downs and charges to gross margin may occur due to lower of cost or market accounting, excess inventory, and inventory obsolescence.

We may experience difficulties transitioning to advanced manufacturing process technologies, which could materially adversely affect our results.

Our future success depends in part on our ability to transition our current development and production efforts to advanced manufacturing process technologies on circuit geometries of 55 nano-meter and smaller. To the extent that we do not timely transition to smaller geometries, experience difficulties in shifting to smaller geometries, or have significant quality or reliability issues at these smaller geometries, our results could be materially adversely affected.

 

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We have historically experienced fluctuations in our operating results and expect these fluctuations to continue in future periods.

Our quarterly and annual operating results are affected by a wide variety of factors that could materially and adversely affect our net sales, gross margin, and operating results. If our operating results fall below expectations of market analysts or investors, the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. We are subject to business cycles and it is difficult to predict the timing, length, or volatility of these cycles. These business cycles may create pressure on our sales, gross margin, and/or operating results.

Factors that could cause fluctuations and materially and adversely affect our net sales, gross margin and/or operating results include, but are not limited to:

 

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the volume and timing of orders received;

 

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changes in the mix of our products sold;

 

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market acceptance of our products and the products of our customers;

 

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excess or obsolete inventory;

 

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pricing pressures from competitors and key customers;

 

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our ability to introduce new products on a timely basis;

 

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the timing and extent of our research and development expenses;

 

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the failure to anticipate changing customer product requirements;

 

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disruption in the supply of wafers, assembly, or test services;

 

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reduction of manufacturing yields;

 

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certain production and other risks associated with using independent manufacturers, assembly houses, and testers;

 

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increases in our effective tax rate; and

 

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product obsolescence, price erosion, competitive developments, and other competitive factors.

We have significant international sales, and risks associated with these sales could harm our operating results.

International sales represented 93 percent of our net sales in fiscal year 2016, 95 percent of our net sales in fiscal year 2015, and 94 percent of our net sales in fiscal year 2014. We expect international sales to continue to represent a significant portion of product sales. This reliance on international sales subjects us to the risks of conducting business internationally, including risks associated with political and economic instability, global health conditions, currency controls, exchange rate fluctuations and changes in import/export regulations, tariff and freight rates, as well as the risks of natural disasters, especially in Asia. For example, the political or economic instability in a given region may have an adverse impact on the financial position of end users in the region, which could affect future orders and harm our results of operations. Our international sales operations involve a number of other risks including, but not limited to:

 

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unexpected changes in government regulatory requirements;

 

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tax regulations and treaties and potential changes in regulations and treaties in the United States and in and between countries in which we manufacture or sell our products;

 

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fluctuations in tax expense and net income due to differing statutory tax rates in various domestic and international jurisdictions;

 

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changes to countries’ banking and credit requirements;

 

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changes in diplomatic and trade relationships;

 

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delays resulting from difficulties in obtaining export licenses for technology;

 

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  ¡  

tariffs and other barriers and restrictions;

 

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competition with non-U.S. companies or other domestic companies entering the non-U.S. markets in which we operate;

 

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longer sales and payment cycles;

 

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problems in collecting accounts receivable; and

 

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the burdens of complying with a variety of non-U.S. laws.

In addition, our competitive position may be affected by the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against other currencies. Consequently, increases in the value of the dollar would increase the price in local currencies of our products in non-U.S. markets and make our products relatively more expensive. Alternatively, decreases in the value of the dollar will increase the relative cost of operations that are based overseas. We cannot provide assurances that regulatory, political and other factors will not adversely affect our operations in the future or require us to modify our current business practices.

After the acquisition of Wolfson Microelectronics (“Wolfson”) (the “Acquisition”), we began restructuring our corporate organization to more closely align with the international nature of our business activities. In addition to the primary operational benefits, we expect to achieve certain ancillary tax benefits as a result of our corporate restructuring. However, if we do not achieve those benefits, our financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

After the Acquisition and subsequent integration of Wolfson, we restructured our corporate organization to more closely align our corporate structure with the international nature of our business activities. We expect this corporate restructuring activity to provide certain operational benefits and to also reduce our overall effective tax rate through changes in how we develop, own and use our intellectual property and changes in the structure of our international procurement and sales operations. There can be no assurance that the taxing authorities of the jurisdictions in which we operate or in which we are otherwise deemed to be subject to tax will not challenge the tax benefits that we expect to realize as a result of the restructuring. In addition, future changes to U.S. or non-U.S. tax laws (including tax treaties) could negatively impact the anticipated tax benefits of the proposed restructuring. Any benefits to our tax rate will also depend on our ability to operate our business in a manner consistent with our restructured corporate organization and applicable taxing provisions. If the intended tax treatment is not accepted by the applicable taxing authorities, changes in tax laws negatively impact our new structure or we do not operate our business consistent with the restructuring and applicable tax provisions, we may fail to achieve the financial efficiencies that we anticipate as a result of the restructuring and our future operating results and financial condition may be negatively impacted.

We could be subject to changes in tax laws, the adoption of new U.S. or international tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities.

We are subject to taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, where a number of our subsidiaries are organized. Due to economic and political conditions, tax laws in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change. Our future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation, including in the U.S. and the United Kingdom. We are also subject to the examination of our tax returns and other tax matters by the Internal Revenue Service of the United States (the “IRS”) and other tax authorities and governmental bodies. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for taxes. There can be no assurance as to the outcome of these examinations. If our effective tax rates were to increase, particularly in the U.S. or the United Kingdom, or if the ultimate determination of taxes owed is for an amount in excess of amounts previously accrued, our operating results, cash flows, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Significant judgment is required in the calculation of our tax provision and the resulting tax liabilities. Our estimates of future taxable income and the regional mix of this income can change as new information becomes

 

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available. Any such changes in our estimates or assumptions can significantly impact our tax provision in a given period. In addition, failure to comply with complex tax accounting regulations could result in a restatement our financial statements. Restatements are generally costly and could adversely impact our results of operations or have a negative impact on the trading price of our common stock.

We hold cash and cash equivalents at various foreign subsidiaries that may not be readily available to meet domestic cash requirements.

We expect our various foreign subsidiaries, in particular subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, to increase holdings in cash and cash equivalents over time. Any cash balances held outside the United States may not be readily available, or may not be available without an additional tax burden, to meet our domestic cash requirements. We require a substantial amount of cash in the United States for operating requirements, purchases of property and equipment, debt service, returning capital to investors, and potentially for future acquisitions. If we are unable to meet our domestic cash requirements using domestic cash flows from operations, domestic cash and cash equivalents, by settling loans receivable with our foreign subsidiaries, or by domestic borrowing, it may be necessary for us to consider repatriation of earnings that we have designated as indefinitely reinvested. This may require us to record additional income tax expense and remit additional taxes, which could have a material effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Our international operations subject our business to additional political and economic risks that could have an adverse impact on our business.

In addition to international sales constituting a large portion of our net sales, we maintain international operations, sales, and technical support personnel. International expansion has required, and will continue to require, significant management attention and resources. There are risks inherent in expanding our presence into non-U.S. regions, including, but not limited to:

 

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difficulties in staffing and managing non-U.S. operations;

 

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failure in non-U.S. regions to adequately protect our intellectual property, patent, trademarks, copyrights, know-how, and other proprietary rights;

 

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global health conditions and potential natural disasters;

 

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political and economic instability in international regions;

 

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international currency controls and exchange rate fluctuations;

 

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vulnerability to terrorist groups targeting American interests abroad; and

 

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legal uncertainty regarding liability and compliance with non-U.S. laws and regulatory requirements.

If we are unable to successfully manage the demands of our international operations, it may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

We may be adversely impacted by global economic conditions. As a result, our financial results and the market price of our common shares may decline.

Global economic conditions could make it difficult for our customers, our suppliers, and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities, and could cause global businesses to defer or reduce spending on our products, or increase the costs of manufacturing our products. During challenging economic times our customers and distributors may face issues gaining timely access to sufficient credit, which could impact their ability to make timely payments to us. If that were to occur, we may be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts and our days sales outstanding would increase.

We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery. If the economy or markets in which we operate were to deteriorate, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will likely be materially and/or adversely affected.

 

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Our foreign currency exposures may change over time as the level of activity in foreign markets grows and could have an adverse impact upon financial results.

As a global enterprise, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Certain of our assets, including certain bank accounts, exist in non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies, which are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies are principally the British Pound Sterling. We also have a significant number of employees that are paid in foreign currency, the largest group being United Kingdom-based employees who are paid in British Pounds Sterling.

If the value of the U.S. dollar weakens relative to these specific currencies, the cost of doing business in terms of U.S. dollars rises. With the growth of our international business, our foreign currency exposures may grow and under certain circumstances, could harm our business.

We do not currently hedge currency exposures relating to operating expenses incurred outside of the United States, but we may do so in the future. If we do not hedge against these risks, or our attempts to hedge against these risks are not successful, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our results may be affected by the fluctuation in sales in the consumer entertainment and smartphone markets.

Because we sell products primarily in the consumer entertainment and smartphone markets, we are likely to be affected by seasonality in the sales of our products and the cyclical nature of these markets. Further, a decline in consumer confidence and consumer spending relating to economic conditions, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, oil prices, global health conditions, natural disasters, and/or the political stability of countries in which we operate or sell products could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents and to preserve our other intellectual property rights covering our products. We seek patent protection for those inventions and technologies for which we believe such protection is suitable and is likely to provide a competitive advantage to us. We also rely on trade secrets, proprietary technology, non-disclosure and other contractual terms, and technical measures to protect our technology and manufacturing knowledge. We actively work to foster continuing technological innovation to maintain and protect our competitive position. We cannot provide assurances that steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property will be adequate, that our competitors will not independently develop or design around our patents, or that our intellectual property will not be misappropriated. In addition, the laws of some non-U.S. countries may not protect our intellectual property as well as the laws of the United States.

Any of these events could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results, or financial condition. Policing infringement of our technology is difficult, and litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Any such litigation could be expensive, take significant time, and divert management’s attention.

Potential intellectual property claims and litigation could subject us to significant liability for damages and could invalidate our proprietary rights.

The IC industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. We may find it necessary to initiate lawsuits to assert our patent or other intellectual property rights. These legal proceedings could be expensive, take significant time, and divert management’s attention. We cannot provide assurances that we will ultimately be successful in any lawsuit, nor can we provide assurances that any patent owned by us will not be invalidated, circumvented, or challenged. We cannot provide assurances that rights granted under our patents will provide competitive advantages to us, or that any of our pending or future patent applications will be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at all.

As is typical in the IC industry, our customers and we have, from time to time, received and may in the future receive, communications from third parties asserting patents, mask work rights, or copyrights. In the event third parties were to make a valid intellectual property claim and a license was not available on commercially

 

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reasonable terms, our operating results could be harmed. Litigation, which could result in substantial cost to us and diversion of our management, technical and financial resources, may also be necessary to defend us against claimed infringement of the rights of others. An unfavorable outcome in any such litigation could have an adverse effect on our future operations and/or liquidity.

System security risks, data protection breaches, cyber-attacks and other related cyber security issues could disrupt our internal operations, and any such disruption could increase our expenses, damage our reputation and adversely affect our stock price.

Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our security controls and misappropriate or compromise our confidential information or that of third parties, create system disruptions or cause shutdowns. Computer programmers and hackers also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms and other malicious software programs that attack our websites, products or otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities of our websites and products. The costs to us to eliminate or alleviate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, malicious software programs and security vulnerabilities could be significant, and our efforts to address these problems may not be successful and could result in interruptions, delays, cessation of service and loss of existing or potential customers that may impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution or other critical functions.

We manage and store various proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data relating to our business. In addition, we manage and store a significant amount of proprietary and sensitive confidential information from our customers. Any breach of our security measures or the accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure or unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive or confidential data about us or our customers, including the potential loss or disclosure of such information or data as a result of fraud, trickery or other forms of deception, could result in litigation and potential liability for us, damage our brand and reputation or otherwise harm our business.

If we fail to attract, hire and retain qualified personnel, we may not be able to develop, market, or sell our products or successfully manage our business.

Competition for highly qualified personnel in our industry is intense. The number of technology companies in the geographic areas in which we operate is greater than it has been historically and we expect competition for qualified personnel to intensify. There are only a limited number of individuals in the job market with the requisite skills. Our Human Resources organization focuses significant efforts on attracting and retaining individuals in key technology positions. The loss of the services of key personnel or our inability to hire new personnel with the requisite skills could restrict our ability to develop new products or enhance existing products in a timely manner, sell products to our customers, or manage our business effectively.

If we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs and successfully assimilate new talent, our ability to meet development schedules, productivity, employee morale and retention could be impacted, resulting in an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

We continue to experience rapid growth in hiring new employees. As we continue to grow, we must effectively integrate, develop and motivate a large number of new employees, while at the same time not losing key personnel. While managing those risks, we still must sustain the beneficial aspects of our award-winning corporate culture, which we believe fosters innovation, teamwork and mitigates voluntary turnover.

We intend to make substantial investments to expand our engineering, research and development organizations. The challenges of integrating a rapidly growing employee base into our corporate culture are exacerbated by the tight product development schedules for our key customers. Therefore, if we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs and successfully assimilate new talent, our ability to meet development schedules, productivity, employee morale and retention could be impacted, resulting in an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

 

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We are subject to the export control regulations of the U.S. Department of State and the Department of Commerce. A violation of these export control regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business or our results of operations, cash flows, or financial position.

The nature of our international business subjects us to the export control regulations of the U.S. Department of State and the Department of Commerce. Violation of these export control regulations could result in monetary penalties and denial of export privileges. The U.S. government is very strict with respect to compliance and has served notice generally that failure to comply with these regulations may subject violators to fines and/or imprisonment. Although we are not aware of any material violation of any export control regulations, a failure to comply with any of these regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be volatile.

The market price of our common stock fluctuates significantly. This fluctuation has been or may be the result of numerous factors, including, but not limited to:

 

  ¡  

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

 

  ¡  

announcements concerning our business or those of our competitors, customers, or suppliers;

 

  ¡  

loss of a significant customer, or customers;

 

  ¡  

changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or our failure to perform as anticipated by the analysts;

 

  ¡  

news, commentary, and rumors emanating from the media relating to our customers, the industry, or us. These reports may be unrelated to the actual operating performance of the Company, and in some cases, may be potentially misleading or incorrect;

 

  ¡  

announcements regarding technological innovations or new products by us or our competitors;

 

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announcements by us of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments;

 

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announcements by us of significant divestitures or sale of certain assets or intellectual property;

 

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litigation arising out of a wide variety of matters, including, among others, employment matters and intellectual property matters;

 

  ¡  

departure of key personnel;

 

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single significant stockholders selling for any reason;

 

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general conditions in the IC industry; and

 

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general market conditions and interest rates.

We have provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, and are subject to certain provisions of Delaware law, which could prevent, delay or impede a change of control of our company. These provisions could affect the market price of our stock.

Certain provisions of Delaware law and of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if our stockholders support the acquisition. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

 

  ¡  

the inability of stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders;

 

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a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent; and

 

  ¡  

a requirement that stockholders provide advance notice of any stockholder nominations of directors or any proposal of new business to be considered at any meeting of stockholders.

We are also subject to the anti-takeover laws of Delaware that may prevent, delay or impede a third party from acquiring or merging with us, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

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We are subject to the risks of owning real property.

We currently own our U.S. headquarters in Austin, Texas as well as an office in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. The ownership of our U.S. and United Kingdom properties subjects us to the risks of owning real property, which may include:

 

  ¡  

the possibility of environmental contamination and the costs associated with correcting any environmental problems;

 

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adverse changes in the value of these properties, due to interest rate changes, changes in the neighborhood in which the property is located, or other factors; and

 

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the risk of financial loss in excess of amounts covered by insurance, or uninsured risks, such as the loss caused by damage to the buildings as a result of fire, floods, or other natural disasters.

ITEM 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

ITEM 2.  Properties

As of May 1, 2016, our principal facilities are located in Austin, Texas and Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. The Austin facilities, which we own, consist of approximately 155,000 square feet of office space and are primarily occupied by research and development personnel and testing equipment. In addition, our failure analysis and reliability facility occupies approximately 27,000 square feet.

Additionally, we have various leased facilities in Austin, Texas, consisting of approximately 88,000 square feet. This includes approximately 59,000 square feet of leased space that houses a mixture of administrative personnel as well as research and development personnel.

In connection with our Acquisition on August 21, 2014, we indirectly acquired Wolfson’s corporate headquarters located in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. This building consists of approximately 50,000 square feet of office space and is primarily occupied by research and development personnel and testing equipment. We have entered into an agreement to lease approximately 70,000 square feet of new office space in Edinburgh. Upon completion of this new facility, expected to occur within the 2017 fiscal year, our Edinburgh employees will relocate to the new office space. The Company will evaluate our future needs related to the use of the previously-mentioned building.

Below is a detailed schedule that identifies our principal locations of occupied leased and owned property as of May 1, 2016, with various lease terms through calendar year 2026:

 

Design Centers             Sales Support Offices – International

Austin, Texas

          Hong Kong, China

Mesa, Arizona

          Shanghai, China

Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom

          Shenzhen, China

Newbury, England, United Kingdom

          Tokyo, Japan

London, England, United Kingdom

          Singapore

Melbourne, Australia

          Seoul, South Korea

Madrid, Spain

          Taipei, Taiwan

Stockholm, Sweden

         

See Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for further detail.

 

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ITEM 3.  Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our business activities. We regularly evaluate the status of legal proceedings in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred and to determine if accruals are appropriate. We further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of possible loss or range of loss can be made.

Based on current knowledge, management does not believe that there are any pending matters that could potentially have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, we are engaged in various legal actions in the normal course of business. While there can be no assurances in light of the inherent uncertainties involved in any potential legal proceedings, some of which are beyond our control, an adverse outcome in any legal proceeding could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period.

ITEM 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

PART II

 

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

As of May 20, 2016, there were approximately 528 holders of record of our common stock.

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock and currently intend to continue a policy of retaining any earnings for reinvestment in our business, repayment of debt, potential acquisition, or share repurchases.

The information under the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the proxy statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with our Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 26, 2016 (the “Proxy Statement”) is incorporated herein by reference.

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the high and low intra-day sales prices for our common stock.

 

     High      Low  

Fiscal year ended March 26, 2016

     

First quarter

   $ 38.20       $ 31.95   

Second quarter

     37.60         24.56   

Third quarter

     36.03         28.11   

Fourth quarter

     36.95         25.09   

Fiscal year ended March 28, 2015

     

First quarter

   $ 24.06       $ 18.42   

Second quarter

     25.00         21.17   

Third quarter

     23.94         16.80   

Fourth quarter

     34.46         22.63   

 

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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table provides information about purchases of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the three months ended March 26, 2016 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

Monthly Period

  Total Number of
Shares Purchased
    Average Price
Paid Per Share
    Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
    Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (1)
 

December 27, 2015—January 23, 2016

         $             $   

January 24, 2016—February 20, 2016

    667        31.95        667        191,216   

February 21, 2016—March 26, 2016

                           
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    667      $ 31.95        667      $ 191,216   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (1) The Company currently has one active share repurchase program: the $200 million share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors in October 2015. The repurchases are to be funded from existing cash and intended to be effected from time to time in accordance with applicable securities laws through the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of the repurchases and the actual amount purchased depend on a variety of factors including the market price of the Company’s shares, general market and economic conditions, and other corporate considerations. The program does not have an expiration date, does not obligate the Company to repurchase any particular amount of common stock, and may be modified or suspended at any time at the Company’s discretion. The Company repurchased 0.7 million shares of its common stock for $21.3 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016. All of these shares were repurchased in the open market and were funded from existing cash. All shares of our common stock that were repurchased were retired as of March 26, 2016.

 

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Stock Price Performance Graph

The following graph and table show a comparison of the five-year cumulative total stockholder return, calculated on a dividend reinvestment basis, for Cirrus Logic, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Index (the “S&P 500 Index”), and the Semiconductor Subgroup of the Standard & Poor’s Electronics Index (the “S&P 500 Semiconductors Index”).

Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return

Assumes Initial Investment of $100

March 2016

 

 

LOGO

 

     3/26/2011      3/31/2012      3/30/2013      3/29/2014      3/28/2015      3/26/2016  

Cirrus Logic, Inc.

     100.00         112.48         107.51         92.25         157.33         162.90   

S&P 500 Index

     100.00         109.57         124.87         150.96         170.93         172.52   

S&P 500 Semiconductors Index

     100.00         115.04         103.99         133.82         169.37         170.63   

 

  (1) The graph assumes that $100 was invested in our common stock and in each index at the market close on March 26, 2011, and that all dividends were reinvested. No cash dividends were declared on our common stock during the periods presented.

 

  (2) Stockholder returns over the indicated period should not be considered indicative of future stockholder returns.

The information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K appearing under the heading “Stock Price Performance Graph” is being “furnished” pursuant to Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, other than as provided in Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

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ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data

The information contained below should be read along with Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts).

 

     Fiscal Years  
     2016     2015     2014     2013      2012  
     (1)        (1)        (1)        

Net sales

   $ 1,169,251      $ 916,568      $ 714,338      $ 809,786       $ 426,843   

Net income

     123,630        55,178        108,111        136,598         87,983   

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.96      $ 0.88      $ 1.72      $ 2.12       $ 1.35   

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.87      $ 0.85      $ 1.65      $ 2.00       $ 1.29   

Financial position at year end:

           

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted investments and marketable securities

     250,006        260,719        384,510        236,547         184,788   

Total assets

   $ 1,181,883      $ 1,148,778      $ 724,744      $ 651,347       $ 544,462   

Working capital

     378,005        275,335        392,810        351,455         278,602   

Long-term liabilities

     194,276        215,429        4,863        10,094         5,620   

Total stockholders’ equity

   $ 859,483      $ 756,771      $ 637,358      $ 548,174       $ 465,857   

 

  1) Refer to the consolidated financial statements and the Notes thereto contained in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, for an expanded discussion of factors that materially affect the comparability of the information reflected in the selected consolidated financial data presented above.

ITEM 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Please read the following discussion in conjunction with our audited historical consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains statements that are forward-looking. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risk, uncertainties and other factors. Actual results could differ materially because of the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations are based upon the consolidated financial statements included in this report, which have been prepared in accordance with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts. We evaluate the estimates on an on-going basis. We base these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

We believe the following critical accounting policies involve significant judgments and estimates that are used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:

 

  ¡  

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities, which are measured using the enacted tax laws and tax rates that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. We assess the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be realized. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets to

 

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the extent the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, taking into consideration the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the temporary differences are deductible.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves assessing uncertainties with respect to the application of complex tax rules. Uncertain tax positions must meet a more likely than not threshold to be recognized in the financial statements and the tax benefits recognized are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon final settlement. See Note 16 — Income Taxes of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 for additional details.

 

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We recognize revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. For our distributors, we provide minimal stock rotation rights. Prior to the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, revenue was deferred at the time of shipment to our domestic distributors and certain international distributors due to the determination that the ultimate sales price to the distributor was not fixed or determinable. Upon distributor resale, the final sales price was fixed or determinable, and the Company recognized revenue for the final sales price and recorded the related cost of sales. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, revenue is recognized upon delivery to the distributor, as the final sales price is now fixed and determinable at the time of shipment, less an allowance for estimated returns.

 

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Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. We write down inventories to net realizable value based on forecasted demand, product release schedules, product life cycles, management judgment, and the age of inventory. Actual demand and market conditions may be different from those projected by management, which could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position. See Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8.

 

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We evaluate the recoverability of property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets by testing for impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. An impairment loss is recognized in the event the carrying value of these assets exceeds the fair value of the applicable assets. Impairment evaluations involve management estimates of asset useful lives and future cash flows. Actual useful lives and cash flows could be different from those estimated by management, which could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position. See Note 6 — Intangibles, net and Goodwill of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8.

 

  ¡  

The Company evaluates goodwill and other intangible assets. Goodwill is recorded at the time of an acquisition and is calculated as the difference between the total consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company tests goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. Impairment evaluations involve management’s assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that goodwill and other intangible assets are impaired. If management concludes from its assessment of qualitative factors that it is more likely than not that impairment exists, then a quantitative impairment test will be performed involving management estimates of asset useful lives and future cash flows. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in these evaluations. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur additional impairment charges in a future period. The Company has recorded no goodwill impairments in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014. There were no material intangible asset impairments in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014.

 

  ¡  

We are subject to the possibility of loss contingencies for various legal matters. See Note 13 — Legal Matters of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8. We regularly evaluate current information available to us to determine whether any accruals should be made based on the status of the case, the results of the discovery process and other factors. If we ultimately determine that

 

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an accrual should be made for a legal matter, this accrual could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position and the ultimate outcome may be materially different than our estimate.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC Topic 606). The purpose of this ASU is to converge revenue recognition requirements per GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date after public comment respondents supported a proposal to delay the effective date of this ASU to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The amendments in this ASU provide guidance in GAAP about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The amendments are effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU and expects no material modifications to its financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The amendments in this update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability are presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability and that the amortization of debt issuance costs is reported as interest expense. ASU 2015-03 is to be applied retrospectively and represents a change in accounting principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued FASB ASU No. 2015-15, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements. ASU 2015-15 clarified the presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. Debt issuance costs related to a line-of-credit arrangement may be presented in the balance sheet as an asset and subsequently amortized ratably over the term of the arrangement regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings. Both ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. The Company is currently evaluating and plans to adopt these ASUs in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-04, Compensation — Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Practical Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets. The ASU is part of the FASB’s “Simplification Initiative” to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The FASB decided to permit entities to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the month-end that is closest to their fiscal year-end. An entity is required to disclose the accounting policy election and the date used to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations in accordance with the amendments in this update. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with earlier application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the likelihood of adoption and expects no material modifications to its financial statements.

In July 2015, ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory was issued. This ASU requires companies to subsequently measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value versus the previous lower of cost or market. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years, to be applied prospectively. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU and expects no material modifications to its financial statements as a result.

 

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In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. This ASU requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization or other income effects, as a result of the change in provisional amounts, are to be included in the same period’s financial statements, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years and shall be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of this ASU. Earlier application is permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The Company adopted this ASU in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, with no material impact to its financial statements as a result.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. The FASB determined that the current practice of separating deferred tax liabilities and assets into current and noncurrent amounts in the balance sheet resulted in little to no benefit to financial statement users. Effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods therein, this ASU will require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent. Earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period and can be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax assets and liabilities or retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company early adopted this ASU on a prospective basis in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016. Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB issued this Update to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key leasing arrangement details. Lessees would recognize operating leases on the balance sheet under this ASU – with the lease payment recognized as a liability, measured at present value, and the right-of-use asset recognized for the lease term. A single lease cost would be recognized over the lease term. For terms less than twelve months, a lessee would be permitted to make an accounting policy election to recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU requires the following:

 

  ¡  

all excess tax benefits and deficiencies to be recognized as income tax expense / benefit in the income statement and presented as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows;

 

  ¡  

forfeitures can be calculated based on either the estimated number of awards that are expected to vest (current guidance) or when forfeitures actually occur; and

 

  ¡  

cash paid by an employer for directly withheld shares for tax purposes is to be classified as a financing activity within the statement of cash flows.

This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, but all of the described amendments must be adopted in the same period and any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year if adopted in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

 

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Overview

Cirrus Logic develops high-precision analog and mixed-signal ICs for a broad range of innovative customers. We track operating results in one reportable segment, but report revenue performance by product line, currently portable audio and non-portable audio and other products. In fiscal year 2016, the Company grew its product portfolio with smart codecs, amplifiers and MEMS microphones and diversified our customer base, while increasing content and share with key customers. The Company continued to invest in research and development, with a 36 percent increase over prior year, discussed below.

Fiscal Year 2016

Fiscal year 2016 net sales of $1.2 billion represented a 28 percent increase over fiscal year 2015 net sales of $916.6 million. Portable audio product line sales of $989.1 million in fiscal year 2016 represented a 34 percent increase over fiscal year 2015 sales of $740.3 million, attributable primarily to significant increases in the sales of smart codecs and boosted amplifiers for the period. Non-portable audio and other product line sales of $180.2 million represented a 2 percent increase from fiscal year 2015 sales of $176.3 million.

Overall, gross margin for fiscal year 2016 was 47 percent. The increase in gross margin for fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to the absence of the fair market adjustments related to the Acquisition discussed below, creating an approximate 1% favorable impact to gross margin in the current fiscal year versus the prior year. The Company’s number of employees increased to 1,291 as of March 26, 2016. The Company achieved net income of $123.6 million in fiscal year 2016, which included an income tax provision in the amount of $52.4 million.

Fiscal Year 2015

Fiscal year 2015 net sales of $916.6 million represented a 28 percent increase over fiscal year 2014 net sales of $714.3 million. Portable audio product line sales of $740.3 million in fiscal year 2015 represented a 32 percent increase over fiscal year 2014 sales of $562.7 million, attributable primarily to Wolfson contributions and significant increases in the sales of certain portable audio products for the period. Non-portable audio and other product line sales of $176.3 million represented a 16 percent increase from fiscal year 2014 sales of $151.6 million, which was primarily attributable to Wolfson contributions for the prior fiscal year, as well as increases in certain computer and DAC products.

Overall, gross margin for fiscal year 2015 was 46 percent. The decrease in gross margin for fiscal year 2015 was primarily due to the increase in inventory write-downs compared to fiscal year 2014, which had a 1.5% negative impact on fiscal year 2015 margin. Additionally, gross margin was negatively affected by approximately 1% due to the fair value adjustments made to inventory in the prior year as a result of the Acquisition. The Company’s number of employees increased to 1,104 as of March 28, 2015. The Company achieved net income of $55.2 million in fiscal year 2015, which included an income tax provision in the amount of $36.4 million.

Fiscal Year 2014

Fiscal year 2014 was a year focused on developing innovative new products, strengthening existing customer relationships and establishing new relationships with key players in the markets we serve. With the addition of the embedded SoundClear® technology and existing hardware, the Company leveraged its engineering expertise to develop custom and general market audio subsystems that intelligently solve system design issues. Also in fiscal year 2014, we expanded our footprint in portable audio with the addition of several new top tier smartphone customers, while reducing investment in LED lighting.

Fiscal year 2014 net sales of $714.3 million represented a 12 percent decrease over fiscal year 2013 net sales of $809.8 million. Portable audio product line sales of $562.7 million in fiscal year 2014 represented a 14 percent decrease over fiscal year 2013 sales of $652.0 million, attributable to lower sales of portable audio products due to reduced average selling prices (“ASPs”) to certain customers. Non-portable audio and other product line sales of $151.6 million in fiscal year 2014 represented a 4 percent decrease from fiscal year 2013 sales of $157.8 million, which was attributable, primarily to the absence of revenue related to the products associated with our Tucson office asset sale.

 

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Overall, gross margin for fiscal year 2014 was 50 percent. The increase in gross margin for fiscal year 2014 was primarily due to the absence of the significant inventory write-down, including scrapped inventory, experienced in fiscal year 2013, which had a 3.1% negative impact on fiscal year 2013 margin. The Company achieved net income of $108.1 million in fiscal year 2014, which included an income tax provision in the amount of $47.6 million. Additionally, the Company’s number of employees increased to 751 as of March 29, 2014.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for each of the past three fiscal years as a percentage of net sales. All percentage amounts were calculated using the underlying data, in thousands:

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,
2016
    March 28,
2015
    March 29,
2014
 

Net sales

     100     100     100

Gross margin

     47     46     50

Research and development

     23     21     18

Selling, general and administrative

     10     11     10

Acquisition related costs

     0     2     0

Restructuring and other, net

     0     0     0

Patent agreement and other

     -1     0     0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     15     12     22
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest income

     0     0     0

Interest expense

     0     -1     0

Other expense

     0     -1     0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

     15     10     22

Provision for income taxes

     4     4     7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     11     6     15

Net Sales

We report sales in two product categories: portable audio products and non-portable audio and other products. Our sales by product line are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,
2016
     March 28,
2015
     March 29,
2014
 

Portable Audio Products

   $ 989,101       $ 740,301       $ 562,718   

Non-Portable Audio and Other Products

     180,150         176,267         151,620   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,169,251       $ 916,568       $ 714,338   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net sales for fiscal year 2016 increased 28 percent, to $1.2 billion from $916.6 million in fiscal year 2015. The increase in net sales reflects a $248.8 million increase in portable audio product sales and a $3.9 million increase in non-portable audio and other product sales. The portable audio products group experienced an increase in net sales attributable to significant increases in the sales of smart codecs and boosted amplifiers for the current fiscal year, which includes a full year revenue effect of the Wolfson acquisition. Non-portable audio and other product line sales of $180.2 million represented a 2 percent increase from fiscal year 2015 sales of $176.3 million, which was primarily attributable to increases in ADC and power meter products for the period. In addition, during fiscal year 2016, the Company realized an additional $5.4 million of net sales, primarily related to non-portable audio, due to the conversion to a point-of-purchase model for our larger distributors.

 

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Net sales for fiscal year 2015 increased 28 percent, to $916.6 million from $714.3 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in net sales reflects a $177.6 million increase in portable audio product sales and a $24.7 million increase in non-portable audio and other product sales. The portable audio products group experienced an increase in net sales attributable to Wolfson contributions of $83.9 million, as well as significant increases in the sales of certain portable audio products for fiscal year 2014. Non-portable audio and other product line sales of $176.3 million represented a 16 percent increase from fiscal year 2014 sales of $151.6 million, which was attributable to Wolfson contributions of $14.4 million, a $5.6 million increase in custom computer products and a $4.6 million increase in DAC products for the period.

Sales to foreign customers, principally located in Asia, including sales to U.S.-based customers that manufacture products at plants overseas, were approximately $1.1 billion in fiscal year 2016, $869.9 million in fiscal year 2015, and $673.7 million in fiscal year 2014. Sales to foreign customers located in Asia were 89 percent in net sales in fiscal year 2016 and 92 percent of net sales in fiscal years 2015 and 2014. Sales to foreign customers in all other regions represented 4 percent of net sales in fiscal year 2016 and 3 percent of net sales in each of fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Our sales are denominated primarily in U.S. dollars. During fiscal year 2015, we acquired foreign currency hedging contracts related to the Acquisition. The contracts expired in fiscal year 2015. No foreign currency hedging contracts were entered into in fiscal year 2016 or 2014.

Gross Margin

Overall gross margin of 47 percent for fiscal year 2016 reflects an increase from fiscal year 2015 gross margin of 46 percent. The increase was primarily attributable to the absence of the fair market adjustments related to the Acquisition discussed below, in the current fiscal year versus prior year. This contributed an approximate 1% favorable impact to gross margin in fiscal year 2016. Changes in excess and obsolete inventory charges, including scrapped inventory, and sales of product written down in prior periods did not have a material impact on margin in fiscal year 2016.

Overall gross margin of 46 percent for fiscal year 2015 reflects a decrease from fiscal year 2014 gross margin of 50 percent. The decrease was primarily attributable to the increase in excess and obsolete inventory charges, including scrapped inventory, of $13.8 million from fiscal year 2014, resulting in a 1.5% negative impact on margin in the prior year. Gross margin was also negatively affected by approximately 1% due to the fair value adjustments made to inventory in the prior year as a result of the Acquisition. Fiscal year 2015 sales of product written down in prior periods contributed $1.8 million to gross margin compared to $12.2 million, in fiscal year 2014.

Research and Development Expenses

Fiscal year 2016 research and development expenses of $269.2 million reflect an increase of $71.3 million, or 36 percent, from fiscal year 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to a 20 percent increase in research and development headcount and the associated salary and employee-related expenses, due in part to including a full year of expenses over the prior year, associated with the Acquisition. The Company also experienced higher product development costs in the current year.

Fiscal year 2015 research and development expenses of $197.9 million reflect an increase of $71.7 million, or 57 percent, from fiscal year 2014. The increase was primarily attributable to a 45 percent increase in research and development headcount (both at Cirrus Logic and due to the Acquisition) and the associated salary and employee-related expenses. As a result of the Acquisition, we experienced increased amortization costs on acquisition-related intangibles, as well as higher product development costs in the prior year. The Company also experienced an 80% increase in R&D expense related to the amortization of software maintenance contracts, primarily CAD software.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Fiscal year 2016 selling, general and administrative expenses of $117.1 million reflect an increase of $17.6 million, or 18 percent, compared to fiscal year 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to a full year of

 

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expenses over the prior year associated with the Acquisition. Overall, SG&A headcount increased along with related salary and employee expenses, as well as higher occupancy and maintenance and supplies costs in the current year.

Fiscal year 2015 selling, general and administrative expenses of $99.5 million reflect an increase of $24.6 million, or 33 percent, compared to fiscal year 2014. The increase was primarily attributable to the Acquisition, resulting in increased SG&A headcount and related salary and employee-related expenses, as well as higher costs associated with outside professional services.

Acquisition related costs

The Company reported $18.1 million in costs in conjunction with the Acquisition for the year ended March 28, 2015. The majority of the costs included in this amount were associated with bank and legal fees, as well as certain expenses for stock compensation related to the Acquisition. Acquisition related costs incurred in fiscal year 2016 were immaterial.

Restructuring and other, net

There were no restructuring costs for fiscal year 2016. Restructuring costs related to the Acquisition were $1.5 million for the year ended March 28, 2015, primarily made up of severance payments associated with the Acquisition in the prior fiscal year and the consolidation of our sales functions. The credits included in this line item for fiscal year 2014 related to changes in estimates, due to a new sublease on the vacated property in connection with the closing of our Tucson, Arizona design facility.

Patent agreement and other

On May 8, 2015, we entered into a patent purchase agreement for the sale of certain Company-owned patents relating to our LED lighting products. As a result of this agreement, on June 22, 2015, the Company received cash consideration of $12.5 million from the purchaser. Under the agreement, the Company undertook to no longer be engaged in LED lighting and received a license under the sold patents for all other fields of use. The proceeds were recorded during fiscal year 2016 as a recovery of costs previously incurred and are reflected as a separate line item on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income in operating expenses under the caption “Patent agreement and other.” Additionally, in the second quarter and third quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company recorded $0.8 million and $0.1 million, respectively, in expense related to a negotiated adjustment to a legal settlement.

The Company reported a $0.7 million expense in the first quarter of fiscal year 2014 in connection with the settlement of the U.S. Ethernet Innovations, LLC case discussed in Note 13 — Legal Matters. This item is presented as a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Income within operating expenses under the caption “Patent agreement and other.”

Interest Income

Interest income in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, was $0.9 million, $0.6 million, and $0.8 million, respectively. The increase in interest income in fiscal year 2016 was due to higher average cash and cash equivalent balances throughout the year, compared to fiscal year 2015. The decrease in interest income in fiscal year 2015 was due to lower average cash and cash equivalent balances for the year compared to fiscal year 2014.

Interest expense

The Company reported interest expense of $3.3 million and $5.6 million for fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively, primarily as a result of the $250 million revolving credit facility described in Note 8. Additional costs were incurred in fiscal year 2015 in relation to an interim revolving facility. No interest expense was recorded for fiscal year 2014.

 

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Other expense

In fiscal year 2016, the Company reported $1.8 million in other expense, primarily foreign exchange costs. For the year ended March 28, 2015, the Company reported $12.2 million in other expense primarily related to recognized losses on expired contracts during the prior fiscal year and the foreign currency exchange losses on hedges purchased in relation to the Acquisition during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. The corresponding amounts in fiscal year 2014 are immaterial.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of $52.4 million in fiscal year 2016 on a pre-tax income of $176.0 million, yielding an effective tax provision rate of 29.8 percent. Our effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to research and development tax credits in the U.S. and the impact of earnings in jurisdictions with a lower statutory tax rate.

We recorded income tax expense of $36.4 million in fiscal year 2015 on a pre-tax income of $91.5 million, yielding an effective tax provision rate of 39.7 percent. Our effective tax rate was higher than the U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to the inclusion of foreign losses from the date of acquisition of Wolfson to the end of the fiscal year at foreign statutory rates below the U.S. federal statutory rate. The impact of these losses was partially offset by the federal research and development credit, which was extended through December 31, 2014 by the Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014, which was enacted on December 19, 2014.

We recorded income tax expense of $47.6 million in fiscal year 2014 on a pre-tax income of $155.7 million, yielding an effective tax provision rate of 30.6 percent. Our effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent, primarily due to the effect of a tax benefit of $6.3 million provided by the Extraterritorial Income Exclusion Act, an elective provision of the Internal Revenue Code, and the federal research and development credit.

Outlook

Looking ahead to the current fiscal year, we continue to expect our long-term gross margin goal to range from 46 to 48 percent with operating profit of approximately 20 percent. We anticipate revenue growth to exceed our long-term target of 15 percent in terms of year-over-year growth for fiscal year 2017, driven by new product introductions and share expansion with new and existing customers.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In fiscal year 2016, our net cash provided by operating activities was $155.3 million. The positive cash flow from operations was predominantly due to the cash components of our net income, offset by a $102.5 million increase in working capital, driven primarily by an increase in inventories and a decrease in accounts payable for the year. In fiscal year 2015, our net cash provided by operating activities was $163.5 million. The positive cash flow from operations was predominantly due to the cash components of our net income, including a $17.3 million decrease in working capital, primarily due to a decrease in inventory and increase in accounts payable, offset by an increase in accounts receivable for the period. In fiscal year 2014, our net cash provided by operating activities was $228.0 million. The positive cash flow from operations was predominantly due to the cash components of our net income, and a $48.1 million favorable change in working capital, primarily due to decreases in inventory for the period. Other non-cash charges included in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows within operating activities primarily relate to offsetting changes in assets and liabilities relating to software maintenance contracts as well as the monthly amortization of the assets relating to these software maintenance contracts.

In fiscal year 2016, the Company received approximately $14.0 million in cash provided by investing activities, principally due to the net maturities and sales of marketable securities of $103.1 million, partially offset by $46.1 million in capital expenditures and technology investments, current fiscal year acquisitions of $36.8 million, and increases in deposits and other assets of $6.2 million. In fiscal year 2015, approximately $324.4 million was used in investing activities, primarily due to the $444.1 million, net of cash obtained, used in

 

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conjunction with the Wolfson acquisition. An additional use of cash for the period was the $36.7 million in capital expenditures and technology investments. These uses of cash were offset by net maturities and sales of marketable securities of $168.4 million in anticipation of financing the Acquisition. In fiscal year 2014, we used approximately $220.3 million in cash for investing activities, principally due to the net purchases of marketable securities of $182.5 million, $17.4 million in capital expenditures and technology investments and $20.4 million related to the Acoustic Technologies, Inc. acquisition.

In fiscal year 2016, the Company used $76.9 million in financing activities. In fiscal year 2015, the Company received $205.5 million in cash provided by financing activities, principally as a result of the long-term revolving credit facility entered into in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. The related influx of $226.4 million was offset by payments against the revolver balance of $46.0 million for the period. Payments against the revolver balance in fiscal year 2016 were $20.0 million. During fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, we generated $6.6 million, $5.3 million, and $5.3 million, respectively from the issuance of common stock. The Company also utilized $6.9 million, $4.6 million, and $3.9 million in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively, for the repurchase of common stock to satisfy related employee tax withholding obligations. Excess tax benefits related to employee stock-based compensation generated $3.9 million, $37.7 million, and $8.4 million, in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Additionally, in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, the Company utilized approximately $60.5 million, $10.5 million, and $52.1 million, respectively, in cash to repurchase and retire portions of its outstanding common stock. See Note 14 for a description of our Share Repurchase Program.

We anticipate costs related to the build out of our new to-be leased space in the U.K. to be up to $20 million over the next year. We anticipate these cash uses to be funded from current cash sources.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of sales growth, market acceptance of our products, the timing and extent of research and development projects, potential acquisitions of companies or technologies and the expansion of our sales and marketing activities. We believe our expected future cash earnings, existing cash, cash equivalents, investments and available borrowings under our Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements through at least the next 12 months, although we could be required, or could elect, to seek additional funding prior to that time.

Revolving Credit Facilities

On August 29, 2014, Cirrus Logic entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto. The Credit Agreement provides for a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility replaced an interim credit facility, and may be used for general corporate purposes. The Credit Facility matures on August 29, 2017.

On June 23, 2015, Cirrus Logic and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, entered into a first amendment of the Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment primarily provides additional flexibility to the Company for certain intercompany transactions. In particular, the First Amendment (i) amended the definition of “Permitted Acquisition” to increase the threshold whereby the Company must provide certain financial statements and certifications to the Administrative Agent; (ii) expanded the Company’s ability to make intercompany investments, including unsecured intercompany indebtedness to fund a Permitted Acquisition; and (iii) provided the Company with the ability, under certain circumstances, to transfer capital stock in a non-guarantor subsidiary to another wholly-owned subsidiary that is not a credit party.

The Credit Facility is required to be guaranteed by all of Cirrus Logic’s material domestic subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”). The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of Cirrus Logic and any Subsidiary Guarantors, except for certain excluded assets. Borrowings under the Credit Facility may, at Cirrus Logic’s election, bear interest at either (a) a Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin (“Base Rate Loans”) or (b) a LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Margin (“LIBOR Rate Loans”). The Applicable Margin ranges from 0% to .25% per annum for Base Rate Loans and 1.50% to 2.00% per annum for LIBOR Rate Loans based on Cirrus Logic’s Leverage Ratio (discussed below). A Commitment Fee accrues at a rate per annum ranging from 0.25% to 0.35% (based on the Leverage Ratio) on the average daily unused portion of the Commitment of the Lenders.

 

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The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants, including, among others, covenants regarding the payment of taxes and other obligations, maintenance of insurance, reporting requirements and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Further, the Credit Agreement contains customary negative covenants limiting the ability of Cirrus Logic or any Subsidiary to, among other things, incur debt, grant liens, make investments, effect certain fundamental changes, make certain asset dispositions, and make certain restricted payments. The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants providing that (a) the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA for the prior four consecutive quarters must not be greater than 2.00 to 1.00 (the “Leverage Ratio”) and (b) the sum of cash and Cash Equivalents, which includes marketable securities, of Cirrus Logic and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis must not be less than $100 million. At March 26, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement and had $160.4 million of indebtedness outstanding under the Credit Facility, which is included in long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The borrowings were primarily used for refinancing an interim credit facility.

See also Note 8 — Revolving Line of Credit.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 26, 2016, the Company did not have any material off-balance-sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Contractual Obligations

In our business activities, we incur certain commitments to make future payments under contracts such as debt agreements, purchase orders, operating and capital leases and other long-term contracts. Maturities under these contracts are set forth in the following table as of March 26, 2016:

 

     Payment due by period (in thousands)  
     < 1 year      1-3 years      3-5 years      > 5 years      Total  

Revolving line of credit

   $       $ 160,439       $       $       $ 160,439   

Interest on revolving line of credit (1)

     3,588         1,511                         5,099   

Facilities leases, net

     4,530         12,724         13,752         37,543         68,549   

Equipment leases

     58         134         119         59         370   

Capital leases

     234         468                         702   

Wafer purchase commitments

     98,243                                 98,243   

Assembly purchase commitments

     4,779                                 4,779   

Outside test purchase commitments

     9,665                                 9,665   

Other purchase commitments

     20,772         9,065                         29,837   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 141,869       $ 184,341       $ 13,871       $ 37,602       $ 377,683   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (1) As of March 26, 2016, all of our debt was subject to a variable interest rate based on LIBOR. The interest included in the table above is based on the indexed rate in effect at the balance sheet date.

Certain of our operating lease obligations include escalation clauses. These escalating payment requirements are reflected in the table.

We are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate as to when or if a cash settlement with taxing authorities will occur related to our unrecognized tax benefits. Therefore, our liability of $18.8 million for unrecognized tax benefits is not included in the table above. See Note 16 — Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

ITEM 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks associated with interest rates on our debt securities, currency movements on non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and liabilities, and the effect of market factors on the value of our marketable

 

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equity securities. We assess these risks on a regular basis and have established policies that are designed to protect against the adverse effects of these and other potential exposures. All of the potential changes noted below are based on sensitivity analyses as of March 26, 2016. Actual results may differ materially.

Interest Rate Risk

Our primary financial instruments include cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities. The Company’s investments are managed by outside professional managers within investment guidelines set by the Company. These guidelines include security type, credit quality, and maturity, and are intended to limit market risk by restricting the Company’s investments to high quality debt instruments with relatively short-term maturities. The Company does not currently use derivative financial instruments in its investment portfolio. Due to the short-term nature of our investment portfolio and the current low interest rate environment, our downside exposure to interest rate risk is minimal.

To provide a meaningful assessment of the interest rate risk associated with our investment portfolio, the Company performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact a change in interest rates would have on the value of the investment portfolio assuming a 100 basis point parallel shift in the yield curve. Based on investment positions as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates across all maturities would result in a $0.4 million and $1.3 million decline in the fair market value of the portfolio, respectively. The larger hypothetical decline in fair value at the end of fiscal year 2015 was due to the larger balance in short and long-term marketable securities, as opposed to cash equivalents, when compared to fiscal year 2016. Such losses would only be realized if the Company sold the investments prior to maturity.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our revenue and spending is transacted primarily in U.S. dollars; however, in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, we entered into routine transactions in other currencies to fund the operating needs of our technical support, and sales offices outside of the U.S. As of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, a ten percent change in the value of the related currencies would not have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position. During fiscal years 2016 and 2014, we did not enter into any foreign currency hedging contracts. In fiscal year 2015, the Company acquired foreign currency hedging contracts that expired within the same fiscal year.

 

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ITEM 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     39   

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015

     41   

Consolidated Statements of Income for the Fiscal Years Ended March 26, 2016, March  28, 2015, and March 29, 2014

     42   

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Fiscal Years Ended March 26, 2016,  March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014

     43   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Fiscal Years Ended March 26, 2016, March  28, 2015, and March 29, 2014

     44   

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Fiscal Years Ended March 26, 2016,  March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014

     45   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     46   

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Cirrus Logic, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cirrus Logic, Inc. as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 26, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cirrus Logic, Inc. at March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 26, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for classifying deferred tax assets and liabilities effective March 26, 2016.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Cirrus Logic, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 28, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated May 25, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Austin, Texas

May 25, 2016

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Cirrus Logic, Inc.

We have audited Cirrus Logic, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 26, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Cirrus Logic, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Cirrus Logic, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 26, 2016, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Cirrus Logic, Inc. as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 26, 2016 of Cirrus Logic, Inc. and our report dated May 25, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Austin, Texas

May 25, 2016

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

 

     March 26,     March 28,  
     2016     2015  
Assets     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 168,793      $ 76,401   

Marketable securities

     60,582        124,246   

Accounts receivable, net

     88,532        112,608   

Inventories

     142,015        84,196   

Deferred tax assets

            18,559   

Prepaid assets

     29,924        27,093   

Other current assets

     16,283        8,810   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     506,129        451,913   

Long-term marketable securities

     20,631        60,072   

Property and equipment, net

     162,656        144,346   

Intangibles, net

     162,832        175,743   

Goodwill

     287,518        263,115   

Deferred tax assets

     25,772        25,593   

Other assets

     16,345        27,996   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 1,181,883      $ 1,148,778   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 71,619      $ 112,213   

Accrued salaries and benefits

     21,239        24,132   

Deferred income

            6,105   

Software license agreements

     20,308        18,711   

Other accrued liabilities

     14,958        15,417   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     128,124        176,578   

Long-term liabilities:

    

Debt

     160,439        180,439   

Software license agreements

     8,136        26,204   

Other long-term liabilities

     25,701        8,786   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

     194,276        215,429   

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, 5.0 million shares authorized but unissued

              

Common stock, $0.001 par value, 280,000 shares authorized, 62,630 shares and 63,085 shares issued and outstanding at March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively

     63        63   

Additional paid-in capital

     1,203,433        1,159,431   

Accumulated deficit

     (344,345     (400,613

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     332        (2,110
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     859,483        756,771   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 1,181,883      $ 1,148,778   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,     March 28,     March 29,  
     2016     2015     2014  

Net sales

   $ 1,169,251      $ 916,568      $ 714,338   

Cost of sales

     614,411        490,820        358,175   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     554,840        425,748        356,163   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses

      

Research and development

     269,217        197,878        126,189   

Selling, general and administrative

     117,082        99,509        74,861   

Acquisition related costs

            18,137          

Restructuring and other, net

            1,455        (598

Patent agreement and other

     (11,670            695   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     374,629        316,979        201,147   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     180,211        108,769        155,016   

Interest income

     877        579        848   

Interest expense

     (3,308     (5,627       

Other expense

     (1,791     (12,172     (127
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

     175,989        91,549        155,737   

Provision for income taxes

     52,359        36,371        47,626   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     123,630        55,178        108,111   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.96      $ 0.88      $ 1.72   

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.87      $ 0.85      $ 1.65   

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding

     63,197        62,503        62,926   

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding

     65,993        65,235        65,535   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,     March 28,     March 29,  
     2016     2015     2014  

Net income

     123,630        55,178        108,111   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax

      

Foreign currency translation

     294                 

Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities

     (24     107        (31

Actuarial gain (loss) on pension plan

     2,660        (1,625       

Reclassification of actuarial loss to net income

     49                 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Benefit (provision) for income taxes

     (537     294        64   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

   $ 126,072      $ 53,954      $ 108,144   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,     March 28,     March 29,  
     2016     2015     2014  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 123,630      $ 55,178      $ 108,111   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     58,060        34,855        14,883   

Stock compensation expense

     33,506        37,549        23,074   

Deferred income taxes

     23,202        32,238        35,959   

Loss on retirement or write-off of long-lived assets

     2,753        1,618        568   

Actuarial gain on defined benefit pension plan

     729        292          

Excess tax benefit from employee stock awards

     (3,850     (37,692     (8,445

Other non-cash charges

     19,702        22,167        5,760   

Net change in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Accounts receivable, net

     24,156        (37,344     6,815   

Inventories

     (57,819     16,077        49,557   

Other current assets

     4,714        321          

Other assets

                   1,239   

Accounts payable

     (41,456     36,504        (9,443

Accrued salaries and benefits

     (2,993     7,047        (3,169

Deferred income

     (6,105     (77     660   

Income taxes payable

     (11,807     (639     9,496   

Other accrued liabilities

     (11,140     (4,581     (7,027
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     155,282        163,513        228,038   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Maturities and sales of available for sale marketable securities

     125,660        301,847        139,037   

Purchases of available for sale marketable securities

     (22,570     (133,436     (321,519

Purchases of property, equipment and software

     (41,569     (32,311     (15,058

Investments in technology

     (4,519     (4,387     (2,296

Loss on foreign exchange hedging activities

            (11,976       

Acquisition of Wolfson, net of cash obtained

            (444,138       

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash obtained

     (36,759            (20,402

Increase in deposits and other assets

     (6,236     (36     (111
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     14,007        (324,437     (220,349
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Proceeds from long-term revolver

            226,439          

Principal payments on long-term revolver

     (20,000     (46,000       

Debt issuance costs

            (2,825       

Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for taxes

     6,617        5,327        5,320   

Repurchase of stock to satisfy employee tax withholding obligations

     (6,861     (4,624     (3,868

Repurchase and retirement of common stock

     (60,503     (10,534     (52,138

Excess tax benefit from employee stock awards

     3,850        37,692        8,445   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (76,897     205,475        (42,241
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     92,392        44,551        (34,552

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     76,401        31,850        66,402   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 168,793      $ 76,401      $ 31,850   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information

      

Cash payments during the year for:

      

Income taxes

   $ 23,785      $ 4,973      $ 2,118   

Interest

     3,318        2,391          

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands)

 

     Common Stock     Additional
Paid-In

Capital
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive

Income / (Loss)
    Total  
     Shares     Amount          

Balance, March 30, 2013

     63,291        63        1,041,771        (492,741     (919     548,174   

Net income

                          108,111               108,111   

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax

                                 33        33   

Issuance of stock under stock option plans and other, net of shares withheld for employee taxes

     1,301        1        5,319        (3,868            1,452   

Repurchase and retirement of common stock

     (2,636     (2            (52,136            (52,138

Amortization of deferred stock compensation

                   23,281                      23,281   

Excess tax benefit from employee stock awards

                   8,445                      8,445   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, March 29, 2014

     61,956        62        1,078,816        (440,634     (886     637,358   

Net income

                          55,178               55,178   

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax

                                 69        69   

Change in pension liability, net of tax

                                 (1,293     (1,293

Change in foreign currency translation adjustments

                   (29                   (29

Issuance of stock under stock option plans and other, net of shares withheld for employee taxes

     1,709        2        5,326        (4,624            704   

Repurchase and retirement of common stock

     (580     (1            (10,533            (10,534

Amortization of deferred stock compensation

                   37,626                      37,626   

Excess tax benefit from employee stock awards

                   37,692                      37,692   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, March 28, 2015

     63,085        63        1,159,431        (400,613     (2,110     756,771   

Net income

                          123,630               123,630   

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax

                                 (15     (15

Change in pension liability, net of tax

                                 2,163        2,163   

Change in foreign currency translation adjustments

                                 294        294   

Issuance of stock under stock option plans and other, net of shares withheld for employee taxes

     1,552        2        6,617        (6,861            (242

Repurchase and retirement of common stock

     (2,007     (2            (60,501            (60,503

Amortization of deferred stock compensation

                   33,535                      33,535   

Excess tax benefit from employee stock awards

                   3,850                      3,850   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, March 26, 2016

     62,630        63        1,203,433        (344,345     332        859,483   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1. Description of Business

Description of Business

Cirrus Logic, Inc. (“Cirrus Logic,” “We,” “Us,” “Our,” or the “Company”) is a leader in high performance, low-power integrated circuits (“ICs”) for audio and voice signal processing applications. Cirrus Logic’s products span the entire audio signal chain, from capture to playback, providing innovative products for the world’s top smartphones, tablets, digital headsets, wearables and emerging smart home applications.

We were incorporated in California in 1984, became a public company in 1989, and were reincorporated in the State of Delaware in February 1999. Our primary facility housing engineering, sales and marketing, and administration functions is located in Austin, Texas. We also have offices in various other locations in the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, Australia and Asia, including the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. Our common stock, which has been publicly traded since 1989, is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CRUS.

Basis of Presentation

We prepare financial statements on a 52- or 53-week year that ends on the last Saturday in March. Fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014 were 52-week years.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances in order to conform to the current year’s presentation of financial information.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of management estimates. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at fiscal year-end and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds, commercial paper, and U.S. Government Treasury and Agency instruments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Inventories

We use the lower of cost or market method to value our inventories, with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. One of the factors we consistently evaluate in the application of this method is the extent to which products are accepted into the marketplace. By policy, we evaluate market acceptance based on known business factors and conditions by comparing forecasted customer unit demand for our products over a specific future period, or demand horizon, to quantities on hand at the end of each accounting period.

 

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On a quarterly and annual basis, we analyze inventories on a part-by-part basis. Product life cycles and the competitive nature of the industry are factors considered in the evaluation of customer unit demand at the end of each quarterly accounting period. Inventory quantities on-hand in excess of forecasted demand is considered to have reduced market value and, therefore, the cost basis is adjusted to the lower of cost or market. Typically, market values for excess or obsolete inventories are considered to be zero. Inventory charges recorded for excess and obsolete inventory, including scrapped inventory, represented $4.8 million and $7.2 million, in fiscal year 2016 and 2015, respectively. Inventory charges in fiscal year 2016 related to a combination of quality issues and inventory exceeding demand. In fiscal year 2015, charges were primarily associated with a customer build forecast that exceeded actual market demand, resulting in excess inventory levels for certain high volume products.

Inventories were comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Work in process

   $ 67,827       $ 64,663   

Finished goods

     74,188         19,533   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 142,015       $ 84,196   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost, net of depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over estimated economic lives, ranging from three to 39 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful life. Furniture, fixtures, machinery, and equipment are all depreciated over a useful life of three to 10 years, while buildings are depreciated over a period of up to 39 years. In general, our capitalized software is amortized over a useful life of three years, with capitalized enterprise resource planning software being amortized over a useful life of 10 years. Gains or losses related to retirements or dispositions of fixed assets are recognized in the period incurred.

Property, plant and equipment was comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Land

   $ 26,379       $ 26,332   

Buildings

     73,513         49,963   

Furniture and fixtures

     13,226         10,281   

Leasehold improvements

     2,637         2,525   

Machinery and equipment

     105,880         79,682   

Capitalized software

     25,127         25,000   

Construction in progress

     5,411         22,922   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total property, plant and equipment

     252,173         216,705   

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (89,517      (72,359
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

   $ 162,656       $ 144,346   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense on property, plant, and equipment for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, was $22.3 million, $15.4 million, and $12.1 million, respectively.

Goodwill and Intangibles, net

Intangible assets include purchased technology licenses and patents that are reported at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, generally ranging from one to ten years. Acquired

 

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intangibles include existing technology, core technology or patents, license agreements, in-process research & development, trademarks, tradenames, customer relationships, non-compete agreements, and backlog. These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over lives ranging from one to fifteen years.

Goodwill is recorded at the time of an acquisition and is calculated as the difference between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized but are subject to annual impairment tests. If the assumptions and estimates used to allocate the purchase price are not correct, or if business conditions change, purchase price adjustments or future asset impairment charges could be required. The value of our intangible assets, including goodwill, could be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) any future declines in our operating results, (ii) a decline in the valuation of technology company stocks, including the valuation of our common stock, (iii) a significant slowdown in the worldwide economy and the semiconductor industry, or (iv) any failure to meet the performance projections included in our forecasts of future operating results. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite lived intangibles for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. Impairment evaluations involve management’s assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that goodwill and other intangible assets are impaired. If management concludes from its assessment of qualitative factors that it is more likely than not that impairment exists, then a quantitative impairment test will be performed involving management estimates of asset useful lives and future cash flows. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in these evaluations. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur additional impairment charges in a future period. The Company has recorded no goodwill impairments in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014. There were no material intangible asset impairments in fiscal years 2016, 2015, or 2014.

Long-Lived Assets

We test for impairment losses on long-lived assets and definite-lived intangibles used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. We measure any impairment loss by comparing the fair value of the asset to its carrying amount. We estimate fair value based on discounted future cash flows, quoted market prices, or independent appraisals.

Foreign Currency Translation

Prior to the fiscal year 2015 acquisition of Wolfson Microelectronics (“Wolfson,” the “Acquisition”), each Cirrus Logic legal entity was US dollar functional. Additionally, each of the acquired Wolfson legal entities were also designated as US dollar functional. These designations were determined individually by Cirrus Logic and Wolfson prior to the Acquisition. Subsequent to the integration of Wolfson, the Company reassessed the functional currencies of each legal entity based on the relevant facts and circumstances, as well as in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance contained in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters.” Based on its analysis and on the change in operating structure brought about by the Acquisition, the Company determined that the functional currency of some of its subsidiaries had changed from the US dollar to the local currency. The Company’s main entities, including the entities that generate the majority of sales and employ the majority of employees, remain US dollar functional. The change was effective beginning in fiscal year 2016 and had an immaterial effect on the financial statements. Beginning in fiscal year 2016 foreign currency translation gains and losses are reported as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain / (Loss).

Pension

Defined benefit pension plans are accounted for based upon the provisions of ASC Topic 715, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits.

The funded status of the plan is recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. Subsequent re-measurement of plan assets and benefit obligations, if deemed necessary, would be reflected in the consolidated balance sheets in the subsequent interim period to reflect the overfunded or underfunded status of the plan.

 

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The Company will engage external actuaries on at least an annual basis to provide a valuation of the plan’s assets and projected benefit obligation and to record the net periodic pension cost. On a quarterly basis, the Company will evaluate current information available to us to determine whether the plan’s assets and projected benefit obligation should be re-measured.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to material concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, marketable securities, long-term marketable securities, and trade accounts receivable. We are exposed to credit risk to the extent of the amounts recorded on the balance sheet. By policy, our cash equivalents, marketable securities, and long-term marketable securities are subject to certain nationally recognized credit standards, issuer concentrations, sovereign risk, and marketability or liquidity considerations.

In evaluating our trade receivables, we perform credit evaluations of our major customers’ financial condition and monitor closely all of our receivables to limit our financial exposure by limiting the length of time and amount of credit extended. In certain situations, we may require payment in advance or utilize letters of credit to reduce credit risk. By policy, we establish a reserve for trade accounts receivable based on the type of business in which a customer is engaged, the length of time a trade account receivable is outstanding, and other knowledge that we may possess relating to the probability that a trade receivable is at risk for non-payment.

We had two contract manufacturers, Hongfujin Precision and Protek, who represented 23 percent and 11 percent, respectively, and one direct customer, Samsung Electronics who represented 23 percent of our consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2016. The same two contract manufacturers represented 26 percent and 15 percent, respectively, and Samsung Electronics represented 22 percent of our consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2015. No other distributor or customer had receivable balances that represented more than 10 percent of consolidated gross trade accounts receivable as of the end of fiscal year 2016 or 2015.

Since the components we produce are largely proprietary and generally not available from second sources, we consider our end customer to be the entity specifying the use of our component in their design. These end customers may then purchase our products directly from us, from a distributor, or through a third party manufacturer contracted to produce their end product. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, our ten largest end customers represented approximately 89 percent, 87 percent, and 88 percent, of our sales, respectively. For fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, we had one end customer, Apple Inc., who purchased through multiple contract manufacturers and represented approximately 66 percent, 72 percent, and 80 percent, of the Company’s total sales, respectively. Samsung Electronics represented 15 percent of the Company’s total sales in fiscal year 2016. No other customer or distributor represented more than 10 percent of net sales in fiscal years 2016, 2015, or 2014.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. For our distributors we provide minimal stock rotation rights. Prior to the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, revenue was deferred at the time of shipment to our domestic distributors and certain international distributors due to the determination that the ultimate sales price to the distributor was not fixed or determinable. Upon distributor resale, the final sales price was fixed or determinable, and the Company recognized revenue for the final sales price and recorded the related cost of sales. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, revenue is recognized upon delivery to the distributor, as the final sales price is now fixed and determinable at the time of shipment, less an allowance for estimated returns.

Warranty Expense

We warrant our products and maintain a provision for warranty repair or replacement of shipped products. The accrual represents management’s estimate of probable returns. Our estimate is based on an analysis of our overall sales volume and historical claims experience. The estimate is re-evaluated periodically for accuracy.

 

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Shipping Costs

Our shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales for all periods presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs were $1.6 million, $1.1 million, and $1.4 million, in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the grant-date fair value of the awards and is recognized as an expense, on a ratable basis, over the vesting period, which is generally between zero and four years. Determining the amount of stock-based compensation to be recorded requires the Company to develop estimates used in calculating the grant-date fair value of stock options and performance awards (also called market stock units). The Company calculates the grant-date fair value for stock options and market stock units using the Black-Scholes valuation model and the Monte Carlo simulation, respectively. The use of valuation models requires the Company to make estimates of assumptions such as expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield, correlation of the Company’s stock price with the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (“the Index”) and forfeiture rates. The grant-date fair value of restricted stock units is the market value at grant date multiplied by the number of units.

Income Taxes

We are required to calculate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves calculating the actual current tax liability as well as assessing temporary differences in the recognition of income or loss for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company evaluates the ability to realize its deferred tax assets based on all the facts and circumstances, including projections of future taxable income and expiration dates of carryover tax attributes.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves assessing uncertainties with respect to the application of complex tax rules and the potential for future adjustment of our uncertain tax positions by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing jurisdiction. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the required two-step process. The first step requires us to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that the tax position has met the threshold for recognition; therefore, we must evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step requires us to measure the tax benefit of the tax position taken, or expected to be taken, in an income tax return as the largest amount that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We reevaluate the uncertain tax positions each quarter based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, expirations of statutes of limitation, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. A change in the recognition step or measurement step would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period.

Although we believe the measurement of our liabilities for uncertain tax positions is reasonable, we cannot assure that the final outcome of these matters will not be different than what is reflected in the historical income tax provisions and accruals. If additional taxes are assessed as a result of an audit or litigation, it could have a material effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made. We operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and are subject to audit in these jurisdictions. These audits can involve complex issues which may require an extended period of time to resolve and could result in additional assessments of income tax. We believe adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all periods.

 

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Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is based on the weighted effect of common shares issued and outstanding and is calculated by dividing net income by the basic weighted average shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares used in the basic net income per share calculation, plus the equivalent number of common shares that would be issued assuming exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. These potentially dilutive items consist primarily of outstanding stock options and restricted stock grants.

The following table details the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     2016      2015      2014  

Numerator:

        

Net income

   $ 123,630       $ 55,178       $ 108,111   

Denominator:

        

Weighted average shares outstanding

     63,197         62,503         62,926   

Effect of dilutive securities

     2,796         2,732         2,609   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted average diluted shares

     65,993         65,235         65,535   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.96       $ 0.88       $ 1.72   

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.87       $ 0.85       $ 1.65   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The weighted outstanding options excluded from our diluted calculation for the years ended March 26, 2016, March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014 were 468 thousand, 718 thousand, and 833 thousand, respectively, as the exercise price exceeded the average market price during the period.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on investments classified as available-for-sale and actuarial gains and losses on our pension plan assets. See Note 15 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for additional discussion.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC Topic 606). The purpose of this ASU is to converge revenue recognition requirements per GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date after public comment respondents supported a proposal to delay the effective date of this ASU to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The amendments in this ASU provide guidance in GAAP about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The amendments are effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU and expects no material modifications to its financial statements.

 

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In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The amendments in this update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability are presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability and that the amortization of debt issuance costs is reported as interest expense. ASU 2015-03 is to be applied retrospectively and represents a change in accounting principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued FASB ASU No. 2015-15, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements. ASU 2015-15 clarified the presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. Debt issuance costs related to a line-of-credit arrangement may be presented in the balance sheet as an asset and subsequently amortized ratably over the term of the arrangement regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings. Both ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. The Company is currently evaluating and plans to adopt these ASUs in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-04, Compensation — Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Practical Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets. The ASU is part of the FASB’s “Simplification Initiative” to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The FASB decided to permit entities to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the month-end that is closest to their fiscal year-end. An entity is required to disclose the accounting policy election and the date used to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations in accordance with the amendments in this update. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with earlier application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the likelihood of adoption and expects no material modifications to its financial statements.

In July 2015, ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory was issued. This ASU requires companies to subsequently measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value versus the previous lower of cost or market. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years, to be applied prospectively. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU and expects no material modifications to its financial statements as a result.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. This ASU requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization or other income effects, as a result of the change in provisional amounts, are to be included in the same period’s financial statements, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years and shall be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of this ASU. Earlier application is permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The Company adopted this ASU in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, with no material impact to its financial statements as a result.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. The FASB determined that the current practice of separating deferred tax liabilities and assets into current and noncurrent amounts in the balance sheet resulted in little to no benefit to financial statement users. Effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods therein, this ASU will require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent. Earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period and can be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax assets and liabilities or retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company early adopted this ASU on a prospective basis in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016. Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted.

 

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In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB issued this Update to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key leasing arrangement details. Lessees would recognize operating leases on the balance sheet under this ASU — with the lease payment recognized as a liability, measured at present value, and the right-of-use asset recognized for the lease term. A single lease cost would be recognized over the lease term. For terms less than twelve months, a lessee would be permitted to make an accounting policy election to recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU requires the following:

 

  ¡  

all excess tax benefits and deficiencies to be recognized as income tax expense / benefit in the income statement and presented as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows;

 

  ¡  

forfeitures can be calculated based on either the estimated number of awards that are expected to vest (current guidance) or when forfeitures actually occur; and

 

  ¡  

cash paid by an employer for directly withheld shares for tax purposes is to be classified as a financing activity within the statement of cash flows.

This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, but all of the described amendments must be adopted in the same period and any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year if adopted in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU.

 

3. Marketable Securities

The Company’s investments that have original maturities greater than 90 days have been classified as available-for-sale securities in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Marketable securities are categorized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as “Marketable securities” within the short-term or long-term classification, as appropriate.

The following table is a summary of available-for-sale securities (in thousands):

 

As of March 26, 2016    Amortized
Cost
     Gross Unrealized
Gains
     Gross Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated Fair Value
(Net Carrying Amount)
 

Corporate debt securities

   $ 81,310       $ 3       $ (100   $ 81,213   

The Company’s specifically identified gross unrealized losses of $100 thousand relates to 21 different securities with a total amortized cost of approximately $64.7 million at March 26, 2016. Two securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months as of March 26, 2016. The gross unrealized loss on both of these securities was less than one half of one percent of the position value, and both securities mature during the first half of fiscal year 2017. Because the Company does not intend to sell the investments at a loss and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, it did not consider the investment in these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 26, 2016.

 

As of March 28, 2015    Amortized
Cost
     Gross Unrealized
Gains
     Gross Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated Fair Value
(Net Carrying Amount)
 

Corporate debt securities

   $ 153,896       $ 8       $ (68   $ 153,836   

U.S. Treasury securities

     28,010                 (15     27,995   

Commercial paper

     2,485         2                2,487   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total securities

   $ 184,391       $ 10       $ (83   $ 184,318   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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The Company’s specifically identified gross unrealized losses of $83 thousand relates to 34 different securities with a total amortized cost of approximately $154.3 million at March 28, 2015. Because the Company does not intend to sell the investments at a loss and it is not more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, it did not consider the investment in these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 28, 2015. Further, the securities with gross unrealized losses had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months as of March 28, 2015.

The cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale investments by contractual maturity were as follows:

 

     March 26, 2016      March 28, 2015  
     Amortized      Estimated      Amortized      Estimated  
     Cost      Fair Value      Cost      Fair Value  

Within 1 year

   $ 60,603       $ 60,582       $ 124,275       $ 124,246   

After 1 year

     20,707         20,631         60,116         60,072   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 81,310       $ 81,213       $ 184,391       $ 184,318   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

4. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company has determined that the only assets and liabilities in the Company’s financial statements that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis are the Company’s cash equivalents, investment portfolio, pension plan assets/liabilities and contingent consideration. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

 

  ¡  

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

  ¡  

Level 2 — Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 

  ¡  

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company’s cash equivalents and investment portfolio assets consist of corporate debt securities, money market funds, U.S. Treasury securities, and commercial paper and are reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheet under the headings cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and long-term marketable securities. The Company determines the fair value of its investment portfolio assets by obtaining non-binding market prices from its third-party portfolio managers on the last day of the quarter, whose sources may use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 inputs) or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2 inputs) in determining fair value.

In connection with one of the Company’s second quarter fiscal year 2016 acquisitions, the Company reported contingent consideration based upon achievement of certain milestones. This liability is classified as Level 3 and is valued using a discounted cash flow model. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow include discount rate estimates and cash flow amounts. See additional details below and in Note 7 — Acquisitions.

The Company’s long-term revolving facility, described in Note 8, bears interest at a base rate plus applicable margin or LIBOR plus applicable margin. As of March 26, 2016, the fair value of the Company’s long-term revolving facility approximates carrying value based on estimated margin.

 

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As of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, the Company classified all investment portfolio assets and pension plan assets and liabilities (discussed in Note 10) as Level 1 or Level 2 assets and liabilities. The only Level 3 liability is the contingent consideration described above and below. The Company has no Level 3 assets. There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 measurements for the years ending March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015.

The following summarizes the fair value of our financial instruments, exclusive of pension plan assets and liabilities detailed in Note 10, at March 26, 2016 (in thousands):

 

     Quoted Prices                       
     in Active      Significant                
     Markets for      Other      Significant         
     Identical      Observable      Unobservable         
     Assets      Inputs      Inputs         
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  

Assets:

           

Cash equivalents

           

Money market funds

   $ 79,256       $       $       $ 79,256   

Available-for-sale securities

           

Corporate debt securities

   $       $ 81,213       $       $ 81,213   

Liabilities:

           

Other accrued liabilities

           

Contingent consideration

   $       $       $ 4,709       $ 4,709   

Other long-term liabilities

           

Contingent consideration

   $       $       $ 4,359       $ 4,359   

The following summarizes the fair value of our financial instruments at March 28, 2015 (in thousands):

 

     Quoted Prices                       
     in Active      Significant                
     Markets for      Other      Significant         
     Identical      Observable      Unobservable         
     Assets      Inputs      Inputs         
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
           

Cash equivalents

           

Money market funds

   $ 996       $       $       $ 996   

Available-for-sale securities

           

Corporate debt securities

   $       $ 153,836       $       $ 153,836   

U.S. Treasury securities

     27,995                         27,995   

Commercial paper

             2,487                 2,487   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 27,995       $ 156,323       $       $ 184,318   

Contingent consideration

The following summarizes the fair value of the contingent consideration at March 26, 2016:

 

     Maximum Value if
Milestones Achieved

(in thousands)
     Estimated
Discount
Rate (%)
     Fair Value
(in thousands)
 

Tranche A — 18 month earn out period

   $ 5,000         7.3       $ 4,709   

Tranche B — 30 month earn out period

     5,000         7.7         4,359   
  

 

 

       

 

 

 
   $ 10,000          $ 9,068   

 

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     Fiscal year ended  
     March 26, 2016  

Beginning balance

   $   

Acquisition addition

     8,600   

Loss recognized in earnings (research and development expense)

     468   
  

 

 

 

Ending balance

   $ 9,068   

The valuation of contingent consideration is based on a weighted-average discounted cash flows model. The fair value is reviewed and estimated on a quarterly basis based on the probability of achieving defined milestones and current interest rates. Significant changes in any of the unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of contingent consideration could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value. A change in projected outcomes if milestones are achieved would be accompanied by a directionally similar change in fair value. A change in discount rate would be accompanied by a directionally opposite change in fair value. Changes to the fair value due to changes in assumptions would be reported in research and development expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. No such changes to the observable inputs were noted in the current fiscal quarter.

 

5. Accounts Receivable, net

The following are the components of accounts receivable, net (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Gross accounts receivable

   $ 89,007       $ 112,964   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     (475      (356
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

   $ 88,532       $ 112,608   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):

 

Balance, March 30, 2013

   $ (301

Bad debt expense, net of recoveries

     72   
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 29, 2014

     (229

Bad debt expense, net of recoveries

     (127
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 28, 2015

     (356

Bad debt expense, net of recoveries

     (119
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 26, 2016

   $ (475
  

 

 

 

 

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6. Intangibles, net and Goodwill

The intangibles, net balance included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was $162.8 million and $175.7 million at March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively.

The following information details the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of our intangible assets (in thousands):

 

     March 26, 2016      March 28, 2015  
Intangible Category / Weighted-Average Amortization
period (in years)
   Gross
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
     Gross
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
 

Core technology (a)

   $ 1,390       $ (1,390    $ 1,390       $ (1,390

License agreement (a)

     440         (440      440         (440

Existing technology (6.1)

     117,975         (32,873      98,645         (13,596

In-process research & development (“IPR&D”) (7.3)

     72,750         (14,082      72,750         (3,918

Trademarks and tradename (10.0)

     3,037         (2,076      3,037         (1,141

Customer relationships (10.0)

     15,381         (2,655      15,381         (1,117

Backlog (1.0)

     220         (147                

Non-compete agreements (1.5)

     470         (209                

Technology licenses (3.2)

     16,661         (11,620      23,018         (17,316
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 228,324       $ (65,492    $ 214,661       $ (38,918
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (a) Intangible assets are fully amortized.

Amortization expense for intangibles in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014 was $35.7 million, $18.2 million, and $2.8 million, respectively. The following table details the estimated aggregate amortization expense for all intangibles owned as of March 26, 2016, for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and in the aggregate thereafter (in thousands):

 

For the year ended March 25, 2017

   $  35,345   

For the year ended March 31, 2018

   $ 34,693   

For the year ended March 30, 2019

   $ 31,936   

For the year ended March 28, 2020

   $ 24,543   

For the year ended March 27, 2021

   $ 15,270   

Thereafter

   $ 21,045   

The goodwill balance included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is $287.5 million and $263.1 million at March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively. The increase in the goodwill balances primarily resulted from the acquisitions discussed below in Note 7 — Acquisitions.

 

7. Acquisitions

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company acquired 100 percent of the outstanding equity of a small technology company as well as the assets of another small technology company for approximately $36.8 million, net of cash obtained, with the goal of broadening its software capabilities. The acquisitions were recorded using the acquisition method of accounting.

The consolidated statements of income presented include the results of operations of each acquired company since the date of the acquisition. Pro forma information related to these acquisitions has not been presented because it would not be materially different from amounts reported. See Note 4 — Fair Value of Financial Instruments above, for additional information related to contingent consideration reported in relation to one of the acquisitions.

 

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Goodwill was recorded in relation to the acquisitions, as the purchase price was in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The combined final purchase price as of March 26, 2016 was allocated as follows (in thousands):

 

     Amount  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 241   

Accounts receivable

     80   

Other current assets

     178   

Property, plant and equipment

     27   

Intangible assets

     20,020   

Other assets

     35   

Deferred tax asset

     1,972   
  

 

 

 

Total identifiable assets acquired

   $ 22,553   

Contingent consideration

     (9,068

Other accrued liabilities

     (85

Deferred tax liability

     (576
  

 

 

 

Total identifiable liabilities assumed

   $ (9,729

Net identifiable assets acquired

   $ 12,824   

Goodwill

     23,935   
  

 

 

 

Total purchase price

   $ 36,759   
  

 

 

 

The acquired intangible assets and related weighted average amortization periods are detailed below (in thousands):

 

Intangible assets

   Amount      Weighted-average
Amortization
Period (years)
 

Developed technology

   $ 19,330         3.6   

Backlog

     220         1.0   

Non-compete agreements

     470         1.5   
  

 

 

    

Total

   $ 20,020      
  

 

 

    

 

8. Revolving Line of Credit

On August 29, 2014, Cirrus Logic entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto.

The Credit Agreement provides for a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility replaced Cirrus Logic’s interim credit facility, and may be used for general corporate purposes. The Credit Facility matures on August 29, 2017.

The Credit Facility is required to be guaranteed by all of Cirrus Logic’s material domestic subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”). The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of Cirrus Logic and any Subsidiary Guarantors, except for certain excluded assets. Borrowings under the Credit Facility may, at Cirrus Logic’s election, bear interest at either (a) a Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin (“Base Rate Loans”) or (b) a LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Margin (“LIBOR Rate Loans”). The Applicable Margin ranges from 0% to .25% per annum for Base Rate Loans and 1.50% to 2.00% per annum for LIBOR Rate Loans based on Cirrus Logic’s Leverage Ratio (discussed below). A Commitment Fee accrues at a rate per annum ranging from 0.25% to 0.35% (based on the Leverage Ratio) on the average daily unused portion of the Commitment of the Lenders.

 

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The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants, including, among others, covenants regarding the payment of taxes and other obligations, maintenance of insurance, reporting requirements and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Further, the Credit Agreement contains customary negative covenants limiting the ability of Cirrus Logic or any Subsidiary to, among other things, incur debt, grant liens, make investments, effect certain fundamental changes, make certain asset dispositions, and make certain restricted payments. The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants providing that (a) the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA for the prior four consecutive quarters must not be greater than 2.00 to 1.00 (the “Leverage Ratio”) and (b) the sum of cash and Cash Equivalents, which includes marketable securities, of Cirrus Logic and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis must not be less than $100 million.

On June 23, 2015, Cirrus Logic and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, entered into a first amendment of the Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment primarily provides additional flexibility to the Company for certain intercompany transactions. In particular, the First Amendment (i) amended the definition of “Permitted Acquisition” to increase the threshold whereby the Company must provide certain financial statements and certifications to the Administrative Agent; (ii) expanded the Company’s ability to make intercompany investments, including unsecured intercompany indebtedness to fund a Permitted Acquisition; and (iii) provided the Company with the ability, under certain circumstances, to transfer capital stock in a non-guarantor subsidiary to another wholly-owned subsidiary that is not a credit party.

At March 26, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement. The Company had borrowed $160.4 million under this facility as of March 26, 2016, which is included in long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets under the caption “Debt.” The borrowings were primarily used for refinancing an interim credit facility.

 

9. Restructuring Costs

The prior year restructuring costs incurred relate to the Wolfson acquisition and consisted primarily of bank and legal fees, as well as certain expenses for stock compensation.

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2013, the Company committed to a plan to close its Tucson, Arizona design center and move those operations to the Company’s headquarters in Austin, Texas. As a result, the Company incurred a one-time charge for relocation, severance-related items and facility-related costs to operating expenses totaling $3.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal year 2013. The charge included $1.5 million in severance and relocation-related costs and $2.0 million in facility and other related charges. In fiscal year 2014, the Company recorded a credit of approximately $0.6 million related to changes in estimates for the facility, due to new subleases on the vacated property. This information is presented in a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Income in operating expenses under the caption “Restructuring and other, net.” Of the net $2.9 million expense incurred, all has been completed, and consisted of severance and relocation-related costs of approximately $1.2 million, an asset impairment charge of approximately $1.0 million, and facility-related costs of approximately $0.7 million.

As of March 26, 2016, we have no remaining restructuring accrual on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

10. Postretirement Benefit Plans

Pension Plan

As a result of the Acquisition in fiscal year 2015, the Company now fully funds a defined benefit pension scheme (“the Scheme”) maintained by Wolfson, for some of the employees in the United Kingdom, which was closed to new participants as of July 2, 2002. As of April 30, 2011, the participants in the Scheme no longer accrue benefits and therefore the Company will not be required to pay contributions in respect to future accrual.

The Scheme is a trustee-administered fund that is legally separate from Wolfson, which holds the pension plan assets to meet long-term pension liabilities. The pension fund trustees comprise one employee and one employer representative and an independent chairman. The trustees are required by law to act in the best interests of the Scheme’s beneficiaries and the trustees are responsible, in consultation with Wolfson and the Company, for setting certain policies (including the investment policies and strategies) of the fund.

 

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As of March 26, 2016, the Company was obligated, and subsequently paid, approximately $0.5 million to the Scheme on April 25, 2016, which is recorded on the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued salaries and benefits”. The Company expects to completely close the Scheme over the next ten years.

The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, the fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the Scheme (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Change in benefit obligation:

     

Beginning balance

   $ 27,091       $ 22,959   

Expenses

     15         16   

Interest cost

     821         544   

Benefits paid and expenses

     (1,095      (255

Change in foreign currency exchange rate

     (1,221        

Actuarial (gain) / loss

     (1,643      3,827   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total benefit obligation ending balance

     23,968         27,091   

Change in plan assets:

     

Beginning balance

     26,735         25,021   

Actual return on plan assets

     (155      1,969   

Employer contributions

     1,409           

Change in foreign currency exchange rate

     (1,206        

Benefits paid and expenses

     (1,095      (255
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets ending balance

     25,688         26,735   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Funded status of Scheme at end of year

   $ 1,720       $ (356
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The assets and obligations of the Scheme are denominated in British Pound Sterling. Based on an actuarial study performed as of March 26, 2016, the Scheme is overfunded and a long-term asset is reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet under the caption “Other assets”. The weighted-average discount rate assumption used to determine benefit obligations as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015 was 3.6% and 3.2%, respectively.

The components of the Company’s net periodic pension expense (income) are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Expenses

   $ 15       $ 16   

Interest cost

     821         544   

Expected return on plan assets

     (1,212      (792

Amortization of actuarial loss

     49           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (327    $ (232

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine net periodic benefit costs for the year ended March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015:

 

     2016     2015  

Discount rate

     3.20     4.00

Expected long-term return on plan assets

     4.65     5.36

 

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We report and measure the plan assets of our defined benefit pension at fair value. The Company’s pension plan assets consist of cash, equity securities, corporate debt securities, and diversified growth funds. The fair value of the pension plan assets is determined through an external actuarial valuation, following a similar process of obtaining inputs as described above. The expected long-term return on plan assets is comparable to the discount rate used to value plan liabilities.

The table below sets forth the fair value of our plan assets as of March 26, 2016, using the same three-level hierarchy of fair-value inputs described in Note 4 (in thousands):

 

     Quoted Prices                       
     in Active      Significant                
     Markets for      Other      Significant         
     Identical      Observable      Unobservable         
     Assets      Inputs      Inputs         
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  

Plan Assets:

           

Cash

   $ 42       $       $  —       $ 42   

Pension funds

             25,646                 25,646   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 42       $ 25,646       $       $ 25,688   

The table below sets forth the fair value of our plan assets as of March 28, 2015, (in thousands):

 

     Quoted Prices                       
     in Active      Significant                
     Markets for      Other      Significant         
     Identical      Observable      Unobservable         
     Assets      Inputs      Inputs         
     Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  

Plan Assets:

           

Cash

   $ 1,160       $       $  —       $ 1,160   

Pension funds

             25,575                 25,575   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,160       $ 25,575       $       $ 26,735   

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the period that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost consist of (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Year  
     2016  

Net actuarial gain

   $ 2,660   
  

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income, before tax

   $ 2,660   

The Company will amortize the actuarial gain over a period of twenty-five years based on actuarial assumptions, including life expectancy. The following table provides the estimated amount that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost in fiscal year 2017 (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Year  
     2017  

Transition (asset) obligation

   $   

Prior service cost

       

Actuarial loss (gain)

     (106

The Company has contributed $0.5 million to the pension plan in fiscal year 2017 for deficit contributions discussed above, which is recorded on the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued salaries and benefits”.

 

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The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid for the following fiscal years (in thousands):

 

     Benefit  
     Payments  

2017

   $ 292   

2018

     300   

2019

     465   

2020

     544   

2021

     534   

Thereafter

     2,754   

The expected long-term return on plan assets is based on historical actual return experience and estimates of future long-term performance with consideration to the expected investment mix of the plan assets. It is the policy of the Trustees and the Company to review the investment strategy periodically. The Trustees’ investment objectives and the processes undertaken to measure and manage the risks inherent in the Scheme investment strategy are illustrated by the current asset allocation. The current mix is 32% equity securities, 47% corporate debt securities, and 21% diversified growth funds. See the related fair value of the assets above.

The Scheme exposes the Company to actuarial risks such as investment (market) risk, interest rate risk, mortality risk, longevity risk and currency risk. A decrease in corporate bond yields, a rise in inflation or an increase in life expectancy would result in an increase to the Scheme liabilities and may give rise to increased benefit expenses in future periods. Caps on inflationary increases are currently in place to protect the Scheme against extreme inflation, however.

The indicative impact on net periodic benefit cost based on defined sensitivities is as follows:

 

Change

  

Approximate impact on liabilities

Decrease discount rate by 0.1%, per year

   2% increase

Increase inflation linked assumptions by 0.1%, per year

   2% increase (of inflation-linked liabilities)

Increase life expectancy by 1 year

   2% increase

401(k) Plan

We have a 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) covering all of our qualifying domestic employees. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees may elect to contribute any percentage of their annual compensation up to the annual IRS limitations. The Company matches 50 percent of the first 8 percent of the employees’ annual contribution. We made matching employee contributions of $4.3 million, $2.5 million, and $1.8 million during fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

 

11.   Equity Compensation

The Company is currently granting equity awards from the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which was approved by stockholders in July 2006. The Plan provides for granting of stock options, restricted stock awards, performance awards, phantom stock awards, and bonus stock awards, or any combination of the foregoing. To date, the Company has granted stock options, restricted stock awards, phantom stock awards (also called restricted stock units), and performance awards (also called market stock units) under the Plan. Each stock option granted reduces the total shares available for grant under the Plan by one share. Each full value award granted (including restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and market stock units) reduces the total shares available for grant under the Plan by 1.5 shares. Stock options generally vest between zero and four years, and are exercisable for a period of ten years from the date of grant. Restricted stock units are generally subject to vesting from one to three years, depending upon the terms of the grant. Market stock units are subject to a vesting schedule of three years.

 

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The following table summarizes the activity in total shares available for grant (in thousands):

 

     Shares  
     Available for  
     Grant  

Balance, March 30, 2013

     5,125   

Granted

     (1,785

Forfeited

     207   
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 29, 2014

     3,547   

Shares added

     3,300   

Granted

     (3,181

Forfeited

     230   
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 28, 2015

     3,896   

Shares added

     4,900   

Granted

     (2,676

Forfeited

     167   
  

 

 

 

Balance, March 26, 2016

     6,287   

As of March 26, 2016, approximately 15.7 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the Plan.

Stock Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes the effects of stock-based compensation on cost of goods sold, research and development, sales, general and administrative, pre-tax income, and net income after taxes for shares granted under the Plan (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Fiscal Year  
     2016     2015     2014  

Cost of sales

   $ 1,145      $ 747      $ 864   

Research and development

     17,173        11,222        10,392   

Sales, general and administrative

     15,188        25,580        11,818   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect on pre-tax income

     33,506        37,549        23,074   

Income Tax Benefit

     (10,306     (11,467     (8,289
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation expense (net of taxes)

     23,200        26,082        14,785   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation effects on basic earnings per share

   $ 0.37      $ 0.42      $ 0.23   

Share-based compensation effects on diluted earnings per share

     0.35        0.40        0.23   

The total share based compensation expense included in the table above and which is attributable to restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and market stock units was $30.3 million, $34.0 million, $18.6 million, for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Share based compensation expense recognized is presented within operating activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

As of March 26, 2016, there was $58.3 million of compensation costs related to non-vested stock options, restricted stock units, and market stock units granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans not yet recognized in the Company’s financial statements. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.39 years for stock options, 1.58 years for restricted stock units, and 2.30 years for market stock units.

 

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Stock Options

We estimated the fair value of each stock option granted on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using a dividend yield of zero and the following additional assumptions:

 

     Year Ended  
     March 26, 2016     March 28, 2015     March 29, 2014  

Expected stock price volatility

     40.13 - 45.07     38.79 - 42.12     51.93 - 54.34

Risk-free interest rate

         0.94 -1.05         0.49 - 0.91     0.47 - 0.52

Expected term (in years)

         2.72 - 2.97              2.15 -2.87          2.46 - 2.61     

The Black-Scholes valuation calculation requires us to estimate key assumptions such as stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. The expected stock price volatility is based upon implied volatility from traded options on our stock in the marketplace. The expected term of options granted is derived from an analysis of historical exercises and remaining contractual life of stock options, and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding after becoming vested. The risk-free interest rate reflects the yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities for a period that is commensurate with the expected term assumption. Finally, we have never paid cash dividends, do not currently intend to pay cash dividends, and thus have assumed a zero percent dividend yield.

Using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, the weighted average estimated fair values of employee stock options granted in fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, were $12.58, $7.26, and $10.45, respectively.

During fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, we received a net $6.5 million, $5.2 million, $5.1 million, respectively, from the exercise of 0.8 million, 0.7 million, and 0.8 million, respectively, stock options granted under the Company’s Stock Plan.

The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during fiscal year 2016, 2015, and 2014, was $19.7 million, $12.8 million, and $12.4 million, respectively. Intrinsic value represents the difference between the market value of the Company’s common stock at the time of exercise and the strike price of the stock option.

Additional information with respect to stock option activity is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Outstanding Options  
           Weighted  
           Average  
     Number     Exercise Price  

Balance, March 30, 2013

     4,278      $ 10.42   

Options granted

     318        23.45   

Options exercised

     (834     6.12   

Options forfeited

     (10     15.33   

Options expired

     (27     19.52   
  

 

 

   

Balance, March 29, 2014

     3,725      $ 12.42   

Options granted

     310        21.69   

Options exercised

     (696     7.47   

Options forfeited

     (5     19.94   

Options expired

     (1     4.65   
  

 

 

   

Balance, March 28, 2015

     3,333      $ 14.31   

Options granted

     387        31.39   

Options exercised

     (773     8.46   

Options forfeited

              

Options expired

     (22     35.41   
  

 

 

   

Balance, March 26, 2016

     2,925      $ 17.96   

 

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Additional information with regards to outstanding options that are vesting, expected to vest, or exercisable as of March 26, 2016 is as follows (in thousands, except years and per share amounts):

 

            Weighted      Weighted Average         
     Number of      Average      Remaining Contractual      Aggregate  
     Options      Exercise price      Term (years)      Intrinsic Value  

Vested and expected to vest

     2,915       $ 17.93         5.49       $ 49,266   

Exercisable

     2,192       $ 14.63         4.39       $ 44,390   

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, stock options outstanding that are expected to vest are presented net of estimated future option forfeitures, which are estimated as compensation costs are recognized. Options with a fair value of $3.4 million, $4.4 million, and $4.8 million, became vested during fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

The following table summarizes information regarding outstanding and exercisable options as of March 26, 2016 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Options Outstanding      Options Exercisable  
            Weighted Average                       
            Remaining      Weighted             Weighted  
            Contractual Life      Average Exercise      Number      Average  

Range of Exercise Prices

   Number      (years)      Price      Exercisable      Exercise Price  

$2.90 - $5.55

     592         3.23       $ 5.42         592       $ 5.42   

$5.66 - $15.41

     739         3.36         11.18         739         11.18   

$16.21 - $20.37

     579         6.01         18.10         439         17.37   

$20.40 - $31.25

     736         8.51         27.17         219         23.18   

$32.29 - $33.38

     47         9.18         32.88         5         32.29   

$38.99 - $38.99

     232         6.52         38.99         198         38.99   
  

 

 

          

 

 

    
     2,925         5.50       $ 17.96         2,192       $ 14.63   
  

 

 

          

 

 

    

As of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015, the number of options exercisable was 2.2 million and 2.7 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards

The Company periodically grants restricted stock awards (“RSA’s”) to select employees. The grant date for these awards is equal to the measurement date and the awards are valued as of the measurement date and amortized over the requisite vesting period, which is no more than four years.

There were no RSA’s outstanding as of March 26, 2016. RSA’s with a fair value of $86 thousand became vested during fiscal years 2015. No RSA’s became vested during fiscal year 2014 and 2016.

 

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Restricted Stock Units

Commencing in fiscal year 2011, the Company began granting restricted stock units (“RSU’s”) to select employees. These awards are valued as of the grant date and amortized over the requisite vesting period. Generally, RSU’s vest 100 percent on the first to third anniversary of the grant date depending on the vesting specifications. A summary of the activity for RSU’s in fiscal year 2016, 2015, and 2014 is presented below (in thousands, except year and per share amounts):

 

            Weighted  
            Average  
     Shares      Fair Value  

March 30, 2013

     2,071       $ 23.66   

Granted

     977         22.55   

Vested

     (626      17.71   

Forfeited

     (113      25.81   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

March 29, 2014

     2,309         25.26   

Granted

     1,887         22.04   

Vested

     (1,224      19.52   

Forfeited

     (151      26.17   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

March 28, 2015

     2,821         25.57   

Granted

     1,437         31.51   

Vested

     (992      32.48   

Forfeited

     (103      24.75   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

March 26, 2016

     3,163       $ 26.14   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of RSU’s outstanding as of March 26, 2016 was $109.0 million. Additional information with regards to outstanding restricted stock units that are expected to vest as of March 26, 2016, is as follows (in thousands, except year and per share amounts):

 

            Weighted      Weighted Average  
            Average      Remaining Contractual  
     Shares      Fair Value      Term (years)  

Expected to vest

     2,969       $ 26.04         1.53   

RSU’s outstanding that are expected to vest are presented net of estimated future forfeitures, which are estimated as compensation costs are recognized. RSU’s with a fair value of $32.2 million and $23.9 million became vested during fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively. The majority of RSUs that vested in 2016 and 2015 were net settled such that the Company withheld a portion of the shares at fair value to satisfy tax withholding requirements. In fiscal years 2016 and 2015, the vesting of RSU’s reduced the authorized and unissued share balance by approximately 1.0 million and 1.2 million, respectively. Total shares withheld and subsequently retired out of the Plan were approximately 0.2 million and 0.2 million, and total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to taxing authorities were $6.9 million and $4.6 million for fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively. A portion of RSUs that vested in fiscal year 2016 and 2015 were cash settled such that the Company received cash from employees in lieu of withholding shares to satisfy tax withholding requirements. The total amount received from cash settled shares during fiscal year 2016 and 2015 was $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Market Stock Units

In fiscal year 2015, the Company began granting market stock units (“MSU’s”) to select employees. MSU’s vest based upon the relative total shareholder return (“TSR”) of the Company as compared to that of the Index. The requisite service period for these MSU’s is also the vesting period, which is three years. The fair value of each MSU granted was determined on the date of grant using the Monte Carlo simulation, which calculates the

 

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present value of the potential outcomes of future stock prices of the Company and the Index over the requisite service period. The projection of the stock prices are based on the risk-free rate of return, the volatilities of the stock price of the Company and the Index, the correlation of the stock price of the Company with the Index, and the dividend yield.

The fair values estimated from the Monte Carlo simulation were calculated using a dividend yield of zero and the following additional assumptions:

 

     Year Ended  
     March 26,     March 28,  
     2016     2015  

Expected stock price volatility

     45.07     39.65

Risk-free interest rate

     1.16     1.00

Expected term (in years)

     3.00        3.00   

Using the Monte Carlo simulation, the weighted average estimated fair value of the MSU’s granted in fiscal year 2016 was $39.86. A summary of the activity for MSU’s in fiscal year 2016 and 2015 is presented below (in thousands, except year and per share amounts):

 

            Weighted  
            Average  
     Shares      Fair Value  

March 29, 2014

           $   

Granted

     35         22.00   

Vested

               

Forfeited

               
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

March 28, 2015

     35       $ 22.00   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Granted

     90         39.86   

Vested

               

Forfeited

               
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

March 26, 2016

     125       $ 34.85   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of MSU’s outstanding as of March 26, 2016 was $4.3 million. Additional information with regard to outstanding MSU’s that are expected to vest as of March 26, 2016 is as follows (in thousands, except year and per share amounts):

 

            Weighted      Weighted Average  
            Average      Remaining Contractual  
     Shares      Fair Value      Term (years)  

Expected to vest

     113       $ 34.68         2.29   

No MSU’s became vested in 2016 and 2015.

 

12. Commitments and Contingencies

Facilities and Equipment Under Operating and Capital Lease Agreements

We currently own our corporate headquarters and select surrounding properties, and our UK headquarters office. We lease certain of our other facilities and certain equipment under operating lease agreements, some of which have renewal options. Certain of these arrangements provide for lease payment increases based upon future fair market rates. As of May 1, 2016, our principal facilities are located in Austin, Texas and Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.

 

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Total rent expense under operating leases was approximately $5.2 million, $4.0 million, and $2.8 million, for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Sublease rental income was $0.3 million, $0.1 million, and $0.1 million, for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

As of March 26, 2016, there was equipment held under a capital lease with a cost basis of $1.0 million. The Company has recorded accumulated depreciation related to this equipment of $0.3 million as of March 26, 2016. The future minimum rental commitments under the capital lease are approximately, $234 thousand for fiscal year 2017, $234 thousand for fiscal year 2018 and $234 thousand for fiscal year 2019.

The aggregate minimum future rental commitments under all operating leases, net of sublease income for the following fiscal years are (in thousands):

 

     Facilities      Subleases      Net Facilities
Commitments
     Equipment
Commitments
     Total
Commitments
 

2017

   $ 4,913       $ 383       $ 4,530       $ 58       $ 4,588   

2018

     5,407         387         5,020         70         5,090   

2019

     8,095         391         7,704         64         7,768   

2020

     7,266         266         7,000         60         7,060   

2021

     6,997         245         6,752         59         6,811   

Thereafter

     38,653         1,110         37,543         59         37,602   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total minimum lease payment

   $ 71,331       $ 2,782       $ 68,549       $ 370       $ 68,919   

Wafer, Assembly, Test and Other Purchase Commitments

We rely primarily on third-party foundries for our wafer manufacturing needs. Generally, our foundry agreements do not have volume purchase commitments and primarily provide for purchase commitments based on purchase orders, with the exception of a few “take or pay” clauses included in vendor contracts that are immaterial at March 26, 2016. Cancellation fees or other charges may apply and are generally dependent upon whether wafers have been started or the stage of the manufacturing process at which the notice of cancellation is given. As of March 26, 2016, we had foundry commitments of $98.2 million.

In addition to our wafer supply arrangements, we contract with third-party assembly vendors to package the wafer die into finished products. Assembly vendors provide fixed-cost-per-unit pricing, as is common in the semiconductor industry. We had non-cancelable assembly purchase orders with numerous vendors totaling $4.8 million at March 26, 2016.

Test vendors provide fixed-cost-per-unit pricing, as is common in the semiconductor industry. Our total non-cancelable commitment for outside test services as of March 26, 2016 was $9.7 million.

Other purchase commitments primarily relate to multi-year tool commitments, and were $29.8 million at March 26, 2016.

 

13.   Legal Matters

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our business activities. We regularly evaluate the status of legal proceedings in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred and to determine if accruals are appropriate. We further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of possible loss or range of loss can be made.

On June 4, 2012, U.S. Ethernet Innovations, LLC (the “Ethernet Plaintiff”) filed suit against Cirrus Logic and two other defendants in the U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Texas. The Ethernet Plaintiff alleged that Cirrus Logic infringed four U.S. patents relating to Ethernet technology. In its complaint, the Ethernet Plaintiff indicated that it sought unspecified monetary damages, including up to treble damages for willful infringement. We answered the complaint on June 29, 2012, denying the allegations of infringement and sought a declaratory

 

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judgment that the patents in suit were invalid and not infringed. The parties entered into a settlement agreement on May 30, 2013. In exchange for a full release of claims as it relates to the asserted patent, we paid the Ethernet Plaintiff $0.7 million. This amount is recorded as a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Income under the caption “Patent agreement and other.”

On June 17, 2014, Enterprise Systems Technologies S.a.r.l. (the “Enterprise Plaintiff”) filed suit against Cirrus Logic, Inc. in the U.S. District Court, District of Delaware. The Enterprise Plaintiff alleged that Cirrus Logic indirectly infringed two U.S. patents through the manufacture and sale of digital signal processors, audio codecs, audio processors, and other components included in communications and consumer electronic devices such as smartphones and computers. The Enterprise Plaintiff sought unspecified monetary damages. On July 23, 2014, the Enterprise Plaintiff filed an amended complaint removing allegations associated with one of the two patents. On August 25, 2014, the lawsuit was stayed pending resolution of the proceedings in the International Trade Commission (“ITC”) described below. The suit was concluded on March 6, 2015, when the Enterprise Plaintiff dismissed with prejudice any claims against Cirrus Logic.

On July 16, 2014, the Enterprise Plaintiff requested the ITC to investigate the impact of certain products that allegedly infringe the same patent asserted in the District Court of Delaware. The Enterprise Plaintiff was seeking a limited exclusion order against certain Apple, Inc. products that incorporate the Company’s components. The matter was concluded when the ITC terminated its investigation with respect to Cirrus Logic on March 9, 2015, and on March 30, 2015, the ITC made such termination decision final.

 

14.   Stockholders’ Equity

Share Repurchase Program

On November 20, 2012, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock. As of March 26, 2016, the Company had repurchased 7.9 million shares at a cost of approximately $200.0 million, or an average cost of $25.19 per share. Of this total, 1.7 million shares were purchased in the current fiscal year at a cost of $51.7 million, or an average cost of $29.92 per share. There are no outstanding remaining available repurchase obligations under this plan. All repurchased common stock shares were retired.

On October 28, 2015, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock. As of March 26, 2016, the Company had repurchased 0.3 million shares under this plan at a cost of approximately $8.8 million, or an average cost of $31.58 per share. Approximately $191.2 million remains available for repurchase under this plan. All of these shares were repurchased in the open market and were funded from existing cash. All shares of our common stock that were repurchased were retired as of March 26, 2016.

Preferred Stock

We have 5.0 million shares of Preferred Stock authorized. As of March 26, 2016, we have not issued any of the authorized shares.

 

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15.   Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on investments classified as available-for-sale, and actuarial gains and losses on our pension plan assets.

The following table summarizes the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (in thousands):

 

     Foreign
Currency
     Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on Securities
     Actuarial Gains
(Losses) on
Pension Plan
     Total  

Balance, March 30, 2013

   $ (770    $ (149    $       $ (919

Current period marketable securities activity

             (31              (31

Tax effect

             64                 64   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, March 29, 2014

   $ (770    $ (116    $       $ (886

Current period marketable securities activity

             107                 107   

Current period actuarial gain/loss activity

                     (1,625      (1,625

Tax effect

             (38      332         294   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, March 28, 2015

   $ (770    $ (47    $ (1,293    $ (2,110

Current period foreign exchange translation

     294                         294   

Current period marketable securities activity

             (24              (24

Current period actuarial gain/loss activity

                     2,660         2,660   

Current period amortization of actuarial loss

                     49         49   

Tax effect

             9         (546      (537
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, March 26, 2016

   $ (476    $ (62    $ 870       $ 332   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

16.   Income Taxes

Income before income taxes consisted of (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,      March 29,  
     2016      2015      2014  

United States

   $ 108,133       $ 133,295       $ 155,431   

Non-U.S.

     67,856         (41,746      306   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 175,989       $ 91,549       $ 155,737   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,      March 29,  
     2016      2015      2014  

Current:

        

Federal

   $ 28,154       $ 42,102       $ 10,550   

State

     159         63         258   

Non-U.S.

     703         445         335   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current tax provision

   $ 29,016       $ 42,610       $ 11,143   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred:

        

U.S.

     18,242         2,136         36,543   

Non-U.S.

     5,101         (8,375      (60
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax provision (benefit)

     23,343         (6,239      36,483   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total tax provision

   $ 52,359       $ 36,371       $ 47,626   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The effective income tax rates differ from the rates computed by applying the statutory federal rate to pretax income as follows (in percentages):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,      March 29,  
     2016      2015      2014  

Expected income tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate

     35.0         35.0         35.0   

Foreign taxes at different rates

     (0.6      7.3         0.1   

Research and development tax credits

     (5.6      (3.6      (0.9

Recognition of prior year benefit

                     (4.1

Nondeductible expenses

     0.1         2.3         0.5   

Other

     0.9         (1.3        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes

     29.8         39.7         30.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015 are (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Inventory valuation

   $       $ 6,377   

Accrued expenses and allowances

     3,761         4,705   

Net operating loss carryforwards

     24,592         57,878   

Research and development tax credit carryforwards

     9,649         14,567   

State tax credit carryforwards

     142         225   

Capitalized research and development

     1,160         1,793   

Other

     24,745         30,695   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

   $ 64,049       $ 116,240   

Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

     (10,773      (33,190
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 53,276       $ 83,050   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

     

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 10,924       $ 6,827   

Acquisition intangibles

     24,527         35,242   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   $ 35,451       $ 42,069   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net deferred tax assets

   $ 17,825       $ 40,981   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The deferred tax assets are disclosed as “Deferred tax assets – Long Term” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 26, 2016, following the adoption of ASU 2015-17 in the current fiscal year, discussed in Note 2 above. As of March 28, 2015, current and long-term deferred tax assets are disclosed separately under their respective captions on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The deferred tax liabilities are included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for both periods presented.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the estimated tax impact of temporary differences between the tax basis and book basis of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is established against a deferred tax asset when it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The valuation allowance decreased by $22.4 million in fiscal year 2016, primarily due to the write off of certain fully valued deferred tax assets with no impact to income tax expense. The Company continued to record a valuation allowance on various state net operating losses and tax credits due to the likelihood that they will expire or go unutilized because the Company does not expect to recognize sufficient income in the jurisdictions in which the tax attributes were created. Management believes that the Company’s results from future operations will generate sufficient taxable income in the appropriate jurisdictions such that it is more likely than not that the remaining deferred tax assets will be realized.

At March 26, 2016, the Company had gross federal net operating loss carryforwards of $17.3 million, all of which related to acquired companies and are, therefore, subject to certain limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. The federal net operating loss carryforwards expire in fiscal years 2019 through 2034. The Company also had $9.9 million of federal research and development credit carryforwards, of which $4.8 million are reflected as deferred tax assets at the end of the fiscal year because, under the “with and without method”, a greater portion is deemed to have been utilized for U.S. GAAP purposes as of the end of fiscal year 2016 than was utilized for tax return purposes. This carryforward will expire in 2034 through 2036.

At March 26, 2016, the Company had gross state net operating loss carryforwards of $57.9 million. The state net operating loss carryforwards expire in fiscal years 2017 through 2033. In addition, the Company had

 

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$14.6 million of state research and development tax credit carryforwards. Certain of these state tax credits will expire in fiscal years 2022 through 2027. The remaining state tax credit carryforwards do not expire.

At March 26, 2016, the Company had gross foreign net operating losses of $94.3 million as a result of the Wolfson acquisition. These loss carryforwards are not subject to an annual limit and do not expire.

At March 26, 2016, the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries of approximately $25.5 million are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal income and foreign withholding taxes associated with a distribution of these earnings has been made. The amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to these undistributed earnings is estimated to be $8.4 million.

The following table summarizes the changes in the unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):

 

     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

Beginning balance

   $       $   

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

     12,592           

Additions based on tax positions related to prior years

     6,204           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

   $ 18,796       $   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company records unrecognized tax benefits for the estimated risk associated with tax positions taken on tax returns. At March 26, 2016, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $18.8 million, all of which would impact the effective tax rate if recognized. During fiscal year 2016, the Company had gross increases of $12.6 million related to current year unrecognized tax benefits, as well as gross increases of $6.2 million related to prior year unrecognized tax benefits. The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits are classified either as “Other long-term liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet or as a reduction to deferred tax assets to the extent that the unrecognized tax benefit relates to deferred tax assets.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes. As of March 26, 2016, the balance of accrued interest and penalties was zero. No interest or penalties were recognized during fiscal year 2016 or 2015.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax in multiple state and foreign jurisdictions. Fiscal years 2013 through 2016 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject, although carry forward attributes that were generated in tax years prior to fiscal year 2013 may be adjusted upon examination by the tax authorities if they have been, or will be, used in a future period. The Company is not currently under an income tax audit in any major taxing jurisdiction.

 

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17.   Segment Information

We determine our operating segments in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidelines. Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) has been identified as the chief operating decision maker under these guidelines.

The Company operates and tracks its results in one reportable segment, but reports revenue performance in two product lines, which currently are portable audio and non-portable audio and other. Our CEO receives and uses enterprise-wide financial information to assess financial performance and allocate resources, rather than detailed information at a product line level. Additionally, our product lines have similar characteristics and customers. They share operations support functions such as sales, public relations, supply chain management, various research and development and engineering support, in addition to the general and administrative functions of human resources, legal, finance and information technology. Therefore, there is no complete, discrete financial information maintained for these product lines. Revenue from our product lines are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,      March 29,  
     2016      2015      2014  

Portable Audio Products

   $ 989,101       $ 740,301       $ 562,718   

Non-Portable Audio and Other Products

     180,150         176,267         151,620   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,169,251       $ 916,568       $ 714,338   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Geographic Area

The following illustrates sales by geographic locations based on the sales office location (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,      March 29,  
     2016      2015      2014  

United States

   $ 73,889       $ 31,977       $ 35,582   

European Union (excluding United Kingdom)

     12,745         13,629         13,125   

United Kingdom

     5,687         2,805         1,513   

China

     823,843         728,413         617,850   

Hong Kong

     10,647         15,087         6,057   

Japan

     27,898         14,353         5,150   

South Korea

     193,388         69,327         9,338   

Taiwan

     9,249         15,272         13,739   

Other Asia

     8,657         10,991         11,112   

Other non-U.S. countries

     3,248         14,714         872   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total consolidated sales

   $ 1,169,251       $ 916,568       $ 714,338   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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The following illustrates property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic locations, based on physical location (in thousands):

 

     Fiscal Years Ended  
     March 26,      March 28,  
     2016      2015  

United States

   $ 125,674       $ 114,935   

European Union (excluding United Kingdom)

     253           

United Kingdom

     34,632         28,925   

China

     483         245   

Hong Kong

     1         1   

Japan

     260         3   

South Korea

     110         3   

Taiwan

     180         216   

Other Asia

     29         18   

Other non-U.S. countries

     1,034           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total consolidated property, plant and equipment, net

   $ 162,656       $ 144,346   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

18.   Quarterly Results (Unaudited)

The following quarterly results have been derived from our audited annual consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, this unaudited quarterly information has been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and includes all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of this quarterly information. This information should be read along with the financial statements and related notes. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future period.

The unaudited quarterly statement of operations data for each quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2015 were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     Fiscal Year 2016  
     1st      2nd      3rd      4th  
     Quarter      Quarter      Quarter      Quarter  

Net sales

   $ 282,633       $ 306,756       $ 347,863       $ 231,999   

Gross profit

     132,454         142,221         164,911         115,254   

Net income

     33,354         34,880         41,384         14,012   

Basic income per share

   $ 0.53       $ 0.55       $ 0.65       $ 0.22   

Diluted income per share

     0.50         0.53         0.63         0.21   

 

     Fiscal Year 2015  
     1st      2nd      3rd      4th  
     Quarter      Quarter      Quarter      Quarter  

Net sales

   $ 152,565       $ 210,214       $ 298,606       $ 255,183   

Gross profit

     75,375         100,567         130,831         118,975   

Net income

     10,248         852         22,729         21,349   

Basic income per share

   $ 0.17       $ 0.01       $ 0.36       $ 0.34   

Diluted income per share

     0.16         0.01         0.35         0.32   

 

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ITEM 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

ITEM 9A.   Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO), the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K. Based upon this evaluation, as of March 26, 2016, our management, including our CEO and CFO, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Security and Exchange Commission rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework).

Because of its inherent limitation, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Based on its assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 26, 2016, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 26, 2016, included in Item 8 of this report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 26, 2016, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Wolfson acquisition was migrated to the corporate ERP and financial reporting application instance in the quarter ended June 27, 2015.

PART III

ITEM 10.   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information set forth in the proxy statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with our Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 26, 2016 (the “Proxy Statement”) under the headings Corporate GovernanceBoard Meetings and Committees, Corporate Governance – Audit Committee, Proposals to be Voted on – Proposal No. 1—Election of Directors, Summary of Executive Compensation, and Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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ITEM 11.   Executive Compensation

The information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the headings Director Compensation Arrangements, Compensation Discussion and Analysis, Compensation Committee Report, and Proposals to be Voted on – Proposal No. 3 – Advisory Vote to Approve the Compensation of Named Executive Officers, Proposal No. 4—Approval of Material Terms of the 2007 Management and Key Individual Incentive Plan, as amended on May 24, 2016 are incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the headings Equity Compensation Plan Information and Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the headings Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Corporate Governance is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.   Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the headings Audit and Non-Audit Fees and Services and Proposal No. 2—Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

ITEM 15.   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report:

 

  1. Consolidated Financial Statements

 

  ¡  

Reports of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

  ¡  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 26, 2016 and March 28, 2015.

 

  ¡  

Consolidated Statements of Income for the fiscal years ended March 26, 2016, March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014.

 

  ¡  

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the fiscal years ended March 26, 2016, March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014.

 

  ¡  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended March 26, 2016, March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014.

 

  ¡  

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal years ended March 26, 2016, March 28, 2015, and March 29, 2014.

 

  ¡  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

  2. Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules have been omitted since the required information is not present or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

 

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  3. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of or incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

 

Number

  

Description

2.1    Cooperation Agreement dated April 29, 2014 between the Company and Wolfson Microelectronics plc. (1)
3.1    Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant, filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on August 26, 1998. (2)
3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant. (3)
10.1+    2002 Stock Option Plan, as amended. (4)
10.2+    Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of May 26, 2015. (10)
10.3+    Form of Stock Option Agreement for options granted under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (6)
10.4+*    Form of Stock Option Agreement for options for U.K. Employees under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan.
10.5+    Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option for options granted under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (5)
10.6+    Form of Stock Option Agreement for Outside Directors under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (7)
10.7+    Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for U.S. Employees under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (6)
10.8+    Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for U.K. Employees under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (13)
10.9+    Form of Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Units granted under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (6)
10.10+    Form of Performance Award Agreement for U.S. Employees under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. (12)
10.11+    Form of Notice of Performance Award Agreement for U.S. Employees under the Cirrus Logic Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (13)
10.12+*    Form of Performance Award Agreement for U.K. Employees under the Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan.
10.13+    2007 Executive Severance and Change of Control Plan, effective as of October 1, 2007, as amended and restated on March 4, 2014. (8)
10.14+*    2007 Management and Key Individual Contributor Incentive Plan, as amended on May 20, 2016.
10.15    The Revised Stipulation of Settlement dated March 10, 2009. (9)
10.16    Credit Agreement dated April 29, 2014 among the Company, Wells Fargo Bank and National Association, as Administrative Agent and Lender. (1)
10.17    Credit Agreement dated August 29, 2014 among Registrant, Wells Fargo Bank and National Association, as Administrative Agent and Initial Issuing Lender. (11)
10.18    First Amendment to Credit Agreement among Cirrus Logic, Inc., the Lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Lender and Administrative Agent. (14)
14.1    Code of Conduct, dated March 24, 2015. (13)
21.1*    List of Subsidiaries.

 

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Number

  

Description

23.1*    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
24.1*    Power of Attorney (see signature page).
31.1*    Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*    Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*    Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*    Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*    XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

 

+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
* Filed with this Form 10-K.

 

  (1) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 29, 2014 (Registration No. 000-17795).
  (2) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2001, filed with the SEC on June 22, 2001 (Registration No. 000-17795).
  (3) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 20, 2013.
  (4) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 29, 2003, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2003 (Registration No. 000-17795).
  (5) Incorporated by reference from Registration’s Statement on Form S-8 filed with the SEC on August 1, 2006 (Registration No. 000-17795), filed with the SEC on March 4, 2014 (Registration No. 000-17795).
  (6) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2010.
  (7) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 1, 2007.
  (8) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 10, 2014.
  (9) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 1, 2009.
  (10) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on June 2, 2015.
  (11) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 3, 2014.
  (12) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 22, 2014.
  (13) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on May 27, 2015 (Registration No. 000-17795).
  (14) Incorporated by reference from Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 26, 2015.

 

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Table of Contents

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned; thereunto duly authorized.

 

CIRRUS LOGIC, INC.
By:  

/S/ THURMAN K. CASE

  Thurman K. Case
  Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer
  May 25, 2016

KNOW BY THESE PRESENT, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Thurman K. Case, his attorney-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of the attorney-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the following persons on behalf of the Registrant, in the capacities and on the dates indicated have signed this report below:

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ JASON P. RHODE

Jason P. Rhode

   President and Chief Executive Officer   May 25, 2016

/S/ THURMAN K. CASE

Thurman K. Case

   Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer   May 25, 2016

/S/ JOHN C. CARTER

John C. Carter

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ ALEX DAVERN

Alex Davern

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ TIMOTHY R. DEHNE

Timothy R. Dehne

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ CHRISTINE KING

Christine King

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ ALAN R. SCHUELE

Alan R. Schuele

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ WILLIAM D. SHERMAN

William D. Sherman

   Director   May 25, 2016

/S/ DAVID J. TUPMAN

David J. Tupman

   Director   May 25, 2016

 

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